KR102442633B1 - incineration plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The incineration facility includes an incinerator, a crane having a weight meter for measuring the weight of garbage caught in a bucket, a hopper for storing garbage thrown in from above by the crane, and a radical device for supplying garbage to the incinerator from the lower part of the hopper; , a height measuring device for measuring the surface height of the garbage stored in the hopper, and a correspondence relationship storage unit for storing in advance a correspondence relationship between the surface height of the garbage stored in the hopper and a total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume of garbage; , a data management unit that classifies for each layer of garbage stacked in the hopper, and stores a corresponding value and weight of the input volume corresponding to the volume of each layer of garbage, and using the correspondence relationship, Equipped with an input volume calculation unit that acquires a total volume correspondence value corresponding to the surface height and calculates an input volume correspondence value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost garbage layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper based on the total volume correspondence value do.

Description

incineration plant

The present invention relates to an incineration facility that incinerates waste such as industrial waste.

Conventionally, an incineration facility that temporarily stores industrial wastes and other wastes and supplies them sequentially downward, and supplies wastes from the bottom of the hoppers into the incinerator with a radical device to incinerate them. is known In such an incineration facility, in order to stabilize the combustion state of the garbage in the incinerator, the specific gravity of the garbage supplied into the incinerator by the radical radical is calculated, and the calculated specific gravity is used to control the amount of garbage supplied into the incinerator by the radical apparatus. It is proposed to use in

For example, in the patent document, a crane equipped with a weighing scale, a hopper into which garbage is put by the crane, and a scanning laser type level meter installed above the hopper are two-dimensionally measuring the surface of the garbage thrown into the hopper. scan to create three-dimensional distance distribution data on the surface of the garbage. The volume of the garbage thrown into the hopper is calculated from the distance distribution data on the surface of the garbage immediately before and immediately after putting garbage into the hopper. Then, the calculated volume of the garbage, the weight of the garbage measured by the weigher, and the specific gravity of the garbage calculated from these volumes and weights are connected to the number of times of garbage being put into the hopper and stored respectively.

In addition, from the state of change of the total volume of garbage in the hopper due to the supply of garbage into the incinerator by the radical device, the number of times of input of garbage just before being fed into the incinerator is found, and the specific gravity stored in association with the found number of input By using it, the dust extraction apparatus which supplies waste in an incinerator is controlled so that the amount of heat supplied to the waste into an incinerator may become constant.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-254526

However, in the above-mentioned incineration facility, in order to calculate the volume of the garbage thrown into a hopper, since the scanning type laser type level machine which creates distance distribution data of the surface of a garbage is required, the cost of an incineration facility increases.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an incineration facility capable of calculating the volume of garbage put into a hopper with a simple configuration.

In order to solve the above problem, an incineration facility according to the present invention includes an incinerator for incinerating garbage, a bucket for catching garbage in a pit, and a weight meter for measuring the weight of the garbage caught in the bucket; a hopper for storing the garbage thrown from above by the crane; a radical device for supplying the garbage from the lower part of the hopper to the incinerator; a height measuring device for measuring the height of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper; and the hopper; a correspondence storage unit for storing in advance a correspondence relationship between the height of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper and a total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper; A data management unit that classifies for each layer of garbage stacked inside, stores an input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each layer of garbage and a weight of each layer of garbage, and a data management unit that stores the weight of each layer of garbage, each time acquiring the total volume correspondence value corresponding to the height measured by the height measuring device, and at the same time, based on the total volume correspondence value, the volume corresponding to the volume of the uppermost garbage layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper An input volume calculation unit for calculating an input volume corresponding value is provided.

According to the said structure, the correspondence relationship memory|storage part memorize|stores in advance the correspondence relationship between the height of the surface of the refuse stored in the hopper, and the total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume of the refuse stored in the hopper. Therefore, the input volume calculation unit uses such a correspondence relationship to immediately obtain a total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume of garbage stored in the hopper from the measurement value of the height measuring device without using an irradiation-type laser type level meter. It acquires and can calculate the input volume correspondence value corresponding to the input volume of garbage (that is, the volume of the uppermost garbage layer) easily. Therefore, with the above structure, it is possible to calculate the volume of the garbage thrown into the hopper with a simple structure.

Further, in the incineration facility, the input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, and calculates the integrated value. By subtracting from the said total volume correspondence value, you may calculate the said input volume correspondence value corresponding to the volume of the said uppermost garbage layer.

In addition, the incineration facility is configured to: for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, based on the total weight of the garbage layer positioned above each garbage layer, a consolidation correction unit for correcting the input volume corresponding value; At the same time, you may calculate the input volume correspondence value corresponding to the volume of the said uppermost garbage layer by subtracting the said integrated value from the said total volume correspondence value. According to this configuration, the corresponding value of the input volume of each garbage layer can be corrected with a value that takes into account the consolidation by the load of the above garbage layer, so that the input volume corresponding value of each garbage layer is a more accurate value can be close to As a result, the input volume corresponding value of the uppermost garbage layer calculated using the integrated value of the input volume corresponding value of the garbage layer can also be approached to a more accurate value.

In addition, in the incineration facility, the consolidation correction unit corrects the input volume corresponding value for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper whenever garbage is put into the hopper, Each time garbage is put into the hopper, the data management unit uses the latest corrected input volume correspondence value stored for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper. You may update it.

In the hopper, a plurality of tubular elements having different rates of change of cross-sectional area with respect to a predetermined height change are formed consecutively in the vertical direction, and the total volume corresponding value is stored in a virtual hopper having a constant cross-sectional area of garbage stored in the hopper. The converted height of the surface of the garbage stored in the said virtual hopper in the case of the assumption that it has become may be sufficient.

In addition, in the incineration facility, a supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the garbage supplied into the incinerator by the dust extraction device; a specific gravity calculation unit for calculating the specific gravity of the waste supplied to the incinerator by using the input volume corresponding value corresponding to Accordingly, a supply weight calculation unit for calculating the weight of the garbage supplied into the incinerator may be provided. According to this structure, since the supply weight of the waste supplied to an incinerator can be calculated accurately, the combustion controllability of the waste in an incinerator can be improved.

In addition, in the incineration facility having a consolidation correction unit, a supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the refuse supplied into the incinerator by the radical device; a specific gravity calculation unit for calculating the specific gravity of the waste supplied to the incinerator by using the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the garbage layer of A supply weight calculation unit for calculating the weight of the garbage to be supplied into the incinerator may be provided based on the supply volume correspondence value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit. According to this configuration, since the specific gravity calculating section uses the input volume corresponding value corrected by the consolidation correcting section, the specific gravity can be calculated more precisely, and as a result, the combustion controllability of the waste in the incinerator can be further improved. can

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the incineration facility which can calculate the volume of the waste put into a hopper with a simple structure can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram which shows the whole structure of the incineration facility which concerns on an Example.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the incineration plant shown in FIG. 1 .
Fig. 3 (A) is an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the hopper shown in Fig. 1, (B) is an enlarged side cross-sectional view schematically showing the virtual hopper.
It is a graph which shows an example of the correspondence relationship between the surface height of the garbage stored in a hopper, and the total volume of garbage.
It is a graph which shows an example of the correspondence of the surface height of the garbage stored in a hopper, and the converted height of the garbage stored in a virtual hopper.
6 is a graph showing an example of the correspondence between the total weight of the garbage layer positioned above the garbage layer and the consolidation correction coefficient.
Fig. 7 (A) is a stacking model diagram before the M-th garbage input, and (B) is a stacking model diagram after the M-th garbage input.
Fig. 8 (A) is a stacking model diagram before supplying garbage into the incinerator, and (B) is a stacking model diagram after supplying garbage into the incinerator.
Fig. 9 (A) is a stacking model diagram before supplying garbage into the incinerator, and (B) is a stacking model diagram after supplying garbage into the incinerator.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of control by the control device shown in FIG. 1 .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of an incineration facility 100 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the incineration plant 100 includes a pit 10 , a hopper 20 , a radical generator 30 , an incinerator 40 , a boiler 50 , and a control device 60 . ) is provided.

In the pit 10, the garbage transported to the incineration facility 100 is put in and stored. The pit 10 has a storage space 11 in which garbage is stored, and a conveyance space 12 that is continuous with the storage space 11 at an upper side thereof and in which garbage stored in the storage space 11 is conveyed to a hopper 20. is provided. A crane 13 is provided in the conveyance space 12 of the pit 10 . The crane 13 is equipped with the bucket 14 which catches the garbage in the pit 10, and conveys the garbage caught in the bucket 14 above the hopper 20, and puts it into the hopper 20. Moreover, it is provided with the weight meter 15 which measures the weight of the garbage caught by the crane 13 bucket 14 and conveyed.

In addition, in the conveyance space 12 of the pit 10, the height measuring device 16 for measuring the height (hereinafter referred to as "surface height") L of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 is installed has been The height measuring device 16 is arranged in the conveyance space 12 of the pit 10 . The height measuring device 16 is, for example, an ultrasonic level meter.

The hopper 20 temporarily stores the garbage thrown in from above by the crane 13, and supplies it in order below. Whenever it is thrown in from above by the crane 13, garbage is laminated|stacked in the hopper 20. The surface height L immediately after putting the waste into the hopper 20 increases compared with that immediately before putting the waste into the hopper 20 . On the other hand, as will be described later, the garbage at the bottom of the hopper 20 is supplied to the incinerator 40 from time to time by the radical device 30 installed at the bottom of the hopper 20 . Therefore, the surface height L immediately after the garbage supply by the dust extraction device 30 decreases compared with just before the garbage supply by the dust extraction device 30 . The detailed shape of the hopper 20 will be described later.

The dust extraction device 30 is installed in the lower portion of the hopper 20 , and supplies the garbage put into the hopper 20 to the incinerator 40 . The power supply device 30 includes a pusher 31 that reciprocates in the horizontal direction, and a drive device 32 that reciprocates the pusher 31 . The drive device 32 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20 . However, the driving device 32 may not be disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20 . For example, the drive device 32 may be arranged side by side with the pusher 31 when viewed from the incinerator 40 side. The pusher 31 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and reciprocates to the bottom of the hopper 20 . Then, the pusher 31 supplies the garbage to the incinerator 40 by sequentially pushing the garbage in the hopper 20 toward the inlet 40a of the incinerator 40 . Some or all of the moving speed of the pusher 31, the number of movements per unit time, the stroke (movement amount), and the position of the stroke end are controlled by the control device 60 to be described later, thereby reducing the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 40 per unit time. quantity is regulated.

In the incinerator 40, the waste is incinerated while being transported. The incinerator 40 is provided with the main combustion chamber 41 and the recombustion chamber 42 continuous with the main combustion chamber 41 in order from an upstream side. Further, the incinerator 40 is a stocker-type incinerator, and in the incinerator 40, below the main combustion chamber 41 and the re-combustion chamber 42, in order from the upstream side, a dry stocker 43 as a conveying means for garbage; A combustion stocker 44 and a post-combustion stocker 45 are provided. Primary air is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 over the stockers 43-45, and secondary air is supplied from above the stockers 43-45. In addition, the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 40 is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 . Since the exhaust gas has a lower oxygen concentration than air, it is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 in order to suppress a local over-rise of the combustion temperature. According to this embodiment, a part of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 returns to the main combustion chamber 41 .

The garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 by the dust extraction device 30 is first sent to a drying stocker 43 and dried by primary air and radiant heat of the main combustion chamber 41 . The garbage dried by the dry stocker 43 is sent to the combustion stocker 44 by the dry stocker 43 to be burned, and a flame is generated. Garbage and ash generated by combustion in the combustion stocker 44 are sent to the post-combustion stocker 45 by the combustion stocker 44 . In the post-combustion stocker 45 , unburned waste that has not been combusted in the combustion stocker 44 is burned, and the ash after combustion of the waste is discharged from a chute 46 provided adjacent to the post-incineration stocker 45 .

Further, in the main combustion chamber 41, combustion gas is generated by the thermal decomposition and partial oxidation reaction of the garbage, and this combustion gas is combusted together with the garbage. In the recombustion chamber 42 , the combustion gas flowing in from the main combustion chamber 41 is completely combusted. The incinerator 40 of this embodiment is a parallel flow incinerator in which combustion gas and waste flow in parallel. However, the incinerator 40 may be an incinerator (for example, an intermediate flow incinerator) in which combustion gas and garbage flow in different directions. In addition, the incinerator 40 may not be a stocker type, for example, a kiln type may be sufficient as it.

The boiler 50 is a part that generates steam by using heat generated by the combustion of garbage. The boiler 50 generates steam (superheated steam) by exchanging heat with a plurality of water pipes 51 and a superheat engine 52 installed on the wall of the flow path, and the generated steam is supplied to a steam turbine generator not shown in the drawings. and development takes place Most of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney (not shown) via an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown), and a part of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 is as described above. It returns to the main combustion chamber 41 together.

The control device 60 controls the radical device 30 in the incineration plant 100 . 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the incineration facility 100 . The control device 60 is electrically connected to the weight scale 15 and the height measuring device 16 . In addition, the control device 60 is electrically connected to the speed radical device 30 . The control device 60 receives measurement signals from the weight scale 15 and the height measurement device 16 , and transmits a control signal to the radical device 30 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the control device 60 is, as a functional block, a correspondence relationship storage unit 61 , a data management unit 62 , a consolidation correction unit 63 , and an input volume calculation unit 64 . ), a supply volume calculation unit 65 , a specific gravity calculation unit 66 , and a supply weight calculation unit 67 . The control device 60 is, for example, a computer, and includes a storage unit such as ROM and RAM, and an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU that executes a predetermined program stored in the storage unit, for example, such a control device ( 60) The storage unit and/or the arithmetic processing unit functions as each of the functional blocks described above. Here, the control device 60 may execute each processing by centralized control by a single computer, or may execute each processing by distributed control by cooperation of a plurality of computers.

The correspondence relationship memory|storage part 61 memorize|stores the correspondence relationship of the surface height L and the total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume V of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 beforehand. Hereinafter, the correspondence between the surface height L of the garbage and the total volume corresponding value will be described in detail.

First, the detailed shape of the hopper 20 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.3(A) which is a figure on the left in FIG. 3A, an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the hopper 20 is shown. As shown in Fig. 3(A), in the hopper 20, a plurality of (four according to the present embodiment) cylinder elements 21a to 21d are formed one after another in the vertical direction. The cylindrical elements 21a to 21d have different rates of change in cross-sectional area with respect to a predetermined height change.

According to the present embodiment, among these cylindrical elements 21a to 21d, the cylindrical element 21a located at the lowermost end has a constant cross-sectional area S. Here, in the specification and claims of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the hopper means the cross-sectional area of the hopper passage when the hopper passage through which garbage passes through the hopper is cut in a horizontal plane. On the other hand, the cylindrical elements 21b, 21c, and 21d have a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases toward the upper side.

4 is a graph showing an example of a correspondence relationship between the surface height L of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 and the total volume V of the garbage, the horizontal axis is the surface height L, and the vertical axis is the hopper 20 ) is the total volume of garbage (V). Values V1 to V4 on the ordinate are the total volume of garbage when garbage is stored up to the heights L1 to L4 of the upper ends of the barrel elements 21a to 21d of the hopper 20, respectively. As described above, since the rate of change of the cross-sectional area with respect to the predetermined height change of the cylindrical elements 21a to 21d is different, the graph shown in FIG. 4 shows that the surface height L is 0 to L1, L1 to L2, L2 to Draw different straight lines or curves in each range of L3, L3 ~ L4.

According to this embodiment, the garbage stored in the hopper 20 is stored in the virtual hopper 20a having a constant cross-sectional area S, as shown in FIG. Assume that the surface height L of the garbage in the hopper 20 is converted into the surface height H of the garbage in the virtual hopper 20a. Hereinafter, the surface height H of the garbage of the virtual hopper 20a converted from the surface height L is called "conversion height H". Here, according to the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a is the same cross-sectional area S as the cylinder element 21a of the hopper 20 .

5 is a graph showing an example of the correspondence relationship between the surface height L and the converted height H, the horizontal axis being the surface height L, and the vertical axis being the converted height H. In the present embodiment, the correspondence storage unit 61 stores in advance the correspondence between the height L of the garbage surface and the converted height H. Here, the converted height H corresponds to the "total volume corresponding value" of the present invention.

In the following description, as shown in Fig. 3(B), the garbage layer of the virtual hopper 20a corresponding to the garbage layer stacked in the hopper 20 by the input of the i-th garbage is referred to as the garbage layer (Gi) In the virtual hopper 20a of the said garbage layer Gi, the thickness shall be expressed as conversion thickness Di. Here, in Fig. 3B, only the garbage layer Gi is shown among the garbage layers stacked in the virtual hopper 20a for simplicity.

The data management unit 62 manages data regarding garbage stored in the hopper 20 (that is, garbage assumed to be stored in the virtual hopper 20a). Specifically, the data management unit 62 classifies the garbage in the hopper 20 for each garbage layer formed by one-time input of the garbage from the crane 13, and stores the weight and the converted thickness of each garbage layer. and manage

In addition, the data management unit 62 controls each garbage layer each time garbage is put into the hopper 20 from the crane 13 and each time garbage is fed into the incinerator 40 by the dust extraction device 30 . Update the weight or converted thickness of the product appropriately with the latest data. For example, the data management unit 62 calculates the conversion thickness of each garbage layer whenever garbage is put into the hopper 20 from the crane 13 by the load of the garbage layer positioned above the garbage layer. It is updated with the considered value. The correction to the value considering the consolidation is made by the consolidation correction unit 63 .

The consolidation correcting unit 63, for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper 20, based on the total weight of the garbage layer positioned above each garbage layer, Correct the converted thickness. Specifically, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness of each garbage layer already stacked on the hopper 20 using the relationship shown in FIG. 6 .

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the integrated garbage weight value (X) and the compaction correction coefficient (Y). The horizontal axis is the accumulated garbage weight value (X), and the vertical axis is the compaction correction coefficient (Y). The garbage weight integration value X is the total weight of the garbage layer positioned above the target garbage layer. For example, when the garbage layer G _M is formed in the uppermost layer by the input of the M-th garbage into the hopper 20 , the garbage formed by the input of the i-th garbage (i < M) into the hopper 20 . The garbage weight integration value (X _i ) of the layer (G _i ) is calculated by the following formula (1).

[Equation 1]

Here, W(j) is the weight of the garbage layer (Gj) formed by the input of the j-th garbage, and M is the number of times of putting in the garbage until the uppermost garbage layer is formed.

In addition, the consolidation correction coefficient Y in FIG. 6 is the target garbage layer (eg, the garbage layer G _i ), considering the consolidation of the original conversion thickness when the garbage layer is located on the uppermost layer. It is the ratio of the converted thickness. That is, the converted thickness considering consolidation is calculated by the following formula (2).

[Equation 2]

Here, D _i is the converted thickness of the garbage layer (G _i ) considering consolidation, and _Doi is the original converted thickness of the garbage layer (G _{i ) when the garbage layer (G i )} is located on the uppermost layer.

As shown in Fig. 6, as the garbage weight integration value X increases, the consolidation correction coefficient Y decreases from 1, and the rate of change of the compaction correction coefficient Y also gradually decreases. Here, it is generally known that the relationship between such an integrated value (X) of garbage weight and the consolidation correction coefficient (Y), that is, the rate of change in volume decreases as the load from above increases.

In this way, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper 20 whenever garbage is put into the hopper 20 . In addition, the data management unit 62 calculates the converted thickness stored for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper 20 whenever garbage is put into the hopper 20, and the consolidation correction unit 63 ) and updated to the latest corrected conversion thickness.

Returning to FIG. 2 , the input volume calculation unit 64 uses the correspondence relationship shown in FIG. 5 , the surface height L measured by the height measuring device 16 immediately after putting the garbage into the hopper 20 . ) to obtain the converted height (H). Then, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates the volume of the uppermost garbage layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper 20 based on the converted height H (that is, the volume of the garbage that has been recently put into the hopper 20). Calculate the converted thickness D corresponding to . Here, the converted thickness D corresponds to the "input volume corresponding value" of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the calculation method of the converted thickness D by the input volume calculation part 64 is demonstrated, referring FIG. 7 . 7 is a stacking model diagram schematically showing the garbage layer stacked in the virtual hopper 20a, and FIG. 7 (A), which is a diagram on the left side of FIG. 7(B) which is a figure on the right side of FIG. 7 has shown the lamination|stacking model diagram after the M-th waste injection|throwing-in.

Consider calculating the conversion thickness D(M) of the garbage layer G _M formed by the waste input volume calculation part 64 throwing-in M times. Here, in the description of FIG. 7 , with respect to the converted thickness D(i) of the arbitrary garbage layer G _i , the converted thickness corrected by the consolidation correction unit 63 based on the weight of the garbage input the M-th time is calculated. It is described as D1(i) (refer to Fig. 7(A)), and the converted thickness after correction by the consolidation correction unit 63 is referred to as D2(i) (refer to Fig. 7(B)). In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 7, it demonstrates that the garbage layer G _Mc formed by the garbage thrown in c times before the M-th input is located in the lowest layer in the garbage layer in the virtual hopper 20a.

As shown in Fig. 7(A) , before the Mth garbage input, garbage layers G _Mc , G _M-c+1 , ..., G _M-1 are stacked in the virtual hopper 20a. .

The input volume calculation part 64 acquires the surface height L(M) measured immediately after the M-th waste input, and the correspondence relationship which the correspondence relationship memory|storage part 61 memorizes the said surface height L(M). is converted into the converted height H(M) (refer to FIG. 7(B)).

In addition, the input volume calculation unit 64 performs the consolidation correction unit 63 for the garbage layers G _Mc , G _M-c+1 , ..., G _M-1 other than the uppermost layer G _M . A value obtained by integrating the converted thickness D2(i) after correction is obtained. And the acquired integration value is subtracted from the conversion height H(M). That is, the conversion thickness D(M) of garbage layer G _M is computed by following formula (3).

[Equation 3]

In this way, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates the converted thickness D(M) of the uppermost garbage layer G _M . The data management part 62 memorize|stores the conversion thickness D(M) computed by the input volume calculation part 64 with respect to the garbage layer G _M of the uppermost layer. Moreover, the data management part 62 memorize|stores the weight W(M) measured with the weight scale 15 with respect to the garbage layer G _M of the uppermost layer.

Returning to FIG. 2 , the supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires a converted height corresponding to the surface height L immediately before and immediately after the waste is fed into the incinerator 40 by the radical device 30 . Moreover, the supply volume calculation part 65 calculates the supply volume correspondence value corresponding to the volume of the waste supplied in the incinerator 40 by the radical discharge apparatus 30 from the acquired difference of this conversion height. And the specific gravity calculation part 66 calculates the specific gravity of the waste supplied in the incinerator 40 based on the supply volume correspondence value.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 , a method of calculating the specific gravity ρ of the waste supplied to the incinerator 40 by the specific gravity calculation unit 66 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “supplied waste”) is described. Explain. Here, according to this embodiment, the supply volume correspondence value corresponding to the volume of the supply waste is also shown as the thickness of the refuse layer in the case of storing in the virtual hopper 20a. Hereinafter, the supply volume corresponding value is expressed as the converted thickness Ds.

In the example of FIG. 8 , calculation of specific gravity ρ in the case where the converted thickness D s is equal to or less than the thickness D(Mc) of the garbage layer G _Mc of the lowest layer immediately before the garbage is supplied will be described. 8 is a stacking model diagram schematically showing a layer of garbage stacked in the virtual hopper 20a, and FIG. 8 (A), which is a diagram on the left side of FIG. FIG. 8(B), which is a diagram on the left side of FIG. 8, shows a stacking model diagram after supplying garbage to the incinerator 40. As shown in FIG.

Here, in the description of FIG. 8 , with respect to the lowest layer of garbage G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied, the weight and the converted thickness just before the garbage is supplied are W1 (Mc) and D1 (Mc), and the garbage is The weight and the converted thickness immediately after supplying will be described as W2 (Mc) and D2 (Mc). In the example shown in Fig. 8(A) , in the uppermost layer before the garbage supply, the garbage layer G _M formed by the garbage put in the Mth time is located, and in the bottom layer before the garbage supply, it is put in c times before the Mth input. It is explained that the garbage layer (G _Mc ) formed by one garbage is located.

As shown in FIG. 8(A) , garbage layers G _Mc , G _M-c+1 , ..., G _M-1 are stacked in the virtual hopper 20a. As shown by the oblique line in FIG. 8(A) , a part of the garbage layer G _Mc of the lowest layer is supplied to the incinerator 40 as feed garbage. The supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted height H1 (M) just before the waste is supplied to the incinerator 40 .

As shown in FIG. 8(B) , when garbage is supplied to the incinerator 40, the height of the garbage stored in the hopper is reduced by the amount of the supplied garbage. The supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted height H2(M) immediately after supplying the waste into the incinerator 40, and calculates the converted height H2(M) from the converted height H1(M) immediately before the waste is supplied. subtract That is, the supply volume calculation unit 65 calculates the converted thickness Ds by the following formula (4).

[Equation 4]

Here, H1(M) is the converted height immediately before supplying the waste into the incinerator, and H2(M) is the converted height immediately after supplying the waste into the incinerator.

In this way, the supply volume calculation part 65 acquires the conversion thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of the supply garbage. Here, the volume of the feed waste is a value obtained by multiplying the converted thickness Ds by the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a.

Next, the specific gravity calculator 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness D1 (Mc) of the lowest layer of garbage G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied. And, when the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the converted thickness D1 (Mc) of the lowermost garbage layer G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied, all of the supplied garbage belongs to the lowermost garbage layer G _Mc . Therefore, when the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the converted thickness D1 (Mc), the specific gravity calculator 66 calculates the specific gravity ρ by the following formula (5).

[Equation 5]

Next, the calculation of the specific gravity ρ when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness D(Mc) of the lowest garbage layer G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied will be described with reference to FIG. 9 . . 9 is a stacking model diagram schematically showing a layer of garbage stacked in the virtual hopper 20a, and FIG. 9 (A), a diagram on the left side of FIG. FIG. 9(B), which is a diagram on the right side of FIG. 9 , shows a stacking model diagram after supplying garbage into the incinerator 40 .

Here, in the description of FIG. 9 , with respect to the lowest layer of garbage layer G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied, the weight and the converted thickness just before the garbage is supplied are W(Mc) and D(Mc). In addition, with respect to the garbage layer (G _M-c+1 ), which is a layer above the lowest level garbage layer (G _Mc ) just before the garbage is supplied, the weight and the converted thickness just before the garbage is supplied are W1(M- It is set to c+1) and D1 (M-c+1), and the weight and converted thickness immediately after supplying a waste are demonstrated as W2 (Mc+1) and D2 (Mc+1). Also in the example shown in FIG. 9(A), similarly to FIG. 8(A), the garbage layer G _M formed by the garbage put in the Mth time is located on the uppermost layer before garbage supply, and M It will be explained that the garbage layer (G _Mc ) formed by the garbage put in c times before the input of the th time is located.

The calculation method of the converted thickness Ds by the supply volume calculating part 65 is the same as that shown in FIG. 8 also in the example of FIG. That is, the supply volume calculating part 65 calculates the converted thickness Ds by the said Formula (4).

The specific gravity calculator 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness D(Mc) of the lowest layer of garbage G _Mc just before the garbage is supplied. And when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness D(Mc) of the garbage layer G _Mc , a part of the supplied garbage belongs to the lowest garbage layer G _Mc , and the remainder is one It belongs to the garbage layer (G _M-c+1 ) of the above layer. Accordingly, when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness D(Mc), the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the specific gravity ( ρ) is calculated.

[Equation 6]

Returning to FIG. 2 , the supply weight calculation unit 67 supplies into the incinerator 40 based on the supply volume corresponding value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit 65 and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 66 . Calculate the weight of garbage. Specifically, the supply weight calculation unit 67 multiplies the converted thickness Ds obtained by the supply volume calculation unit 65 by the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a, and the amount of waste supplied to the incinerator 40 is Acquire the supply volume. And the supply weight calculation part 67 calculates the weight (supply weight) of the refuse supplied to the incinerator 40 by multiplying the supplied volume of the acquired waste by the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation part 66 .

Here, the feed weight calculated by the feed weight calculation unit 67 is used to control the dust extraction device 30 for the purpose of improving the combustion controllability of the waste in the incinerator 40 . For example, the control device 60 calculates the heat input amount of the garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the calculated supply weight. Furthermore, the control device 60 controls the amount of waste supplied into the incinerator 40 to be adjusted so that the amount of heat input per unit time supplied into the incinerator 40 is constant (for example, a preset target heat input amount). (30) is controlled.

Next, the flow of control by the control apparatus 60 is demonstrated, referring FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of control by the control device 60 . Here, in the hopper 20, a layer of garbage has already been stacked, and the data management unit 62 stores data on the layer of garbage that has already been stacked.

The data management unit 62 determines whether or not there is input of garbage from the crane 13 to the new hopper 20 (step S1). Such a determination method may be any form, for example, the data management unit 62 may determine whether or not there is input of garbage into the new hopper 20 based on a control signal for controlling the crane 13. , You may provide a sensor which detects the movement of the crane 13 in the pit 10, and you may determine based on the signal which the said sensor sensed.

When the data management unit 62 determines that there is a new input of garbage from the crane 13 to the hopper 20 (step S1: YES), the weigher 15 is the garbage newly put into the hopper 20 . is measured, and the data management unit 62 acquires the measured weight W as the weight of the uppermost garbage layer (step S2).

Next, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L whenever new garbage is put into the hopper 20 . Further, the data management unit 62 obtains the converted height H from the surface height L using the correspondence stored in the correspondence relation storage unit 61 (step S3).

Next, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness of each garbage layer already stacked in the hopper 20 based on the weight W of the garbage newly put into the hopper 20 (step S4). ).

Specifically, the consolidation correction unit 63 calculates an integrated garbage weight value X by the above formula (1) for each garbage layer. Then, the consolidation correction unit 63 obtains the consolidation correction coefficient Y using the calculated garbage weight integrated value X and the correspondence shown in FIG. 6 . Finally, the consolidation correction unit 63 uses the obtained consolidation correction coefficient Y and the original converted thickness of the target garbage layer, the converted thickness considering consolidation, that is, the weight of the garbage newly put into the hopper 20 ( Calculate the converted thickness of the corrected garbage layer based on W).

The data management unit 62 updates the converted thickness after correction by the consolidation correction unit 63 as the latest converted thickness of each garbage layer for each garbage layer stacked before new garbage is put in.

Next, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates a converted thickness corresponding to the volume of the uppermost garbage layer formed by adding new garbage into the hopper 20 (step S5). Specifically, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates by substituting the converted height obtained in step S3 and the converted thickness of the corrected garbage layer obtained in step S4 into the formula (3).

In this way, the data management unit 62 associates and stores the number of inputs, the weight W acquired in the step S2, and the converted thickness acquired in the step S4 with respect to the uppermost garbage layer.

Here, the converted thickness of the uppermost garbage layer acquired and stored in step S5 is updated by correction in consideration of consolidation in the next step S4 when a further garbage layer is formed on the garbage layer. However, the converted thickness of the stored uppermost garbage layer is determined in step S4 after the next time. It is used as "original conversion thickness". Therefore, the control device 60 separately maintains the converted thickness of the uppermost garbage layer stored initially as the "original conversion thickness" at least while the garbage layer is present in the hopper 20 .

After step S5 or when the data management unit 62 determines that there is no input of garbage from the crane 13 to the new hopper 20 (step S1: NO), the flow advances to step S6.

In step S6, the data management unit 62 determines whether or not there is supply of garbage into the incinerator 40 by the radical device 30, that is, whether the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31. (Step S6).

When the data management unit 62 determines that the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31 (step S6: YES), the supply volume calculation unit 65 calculates the reduced amount of the converted height, that is, the volume of the supply waste. A converted thickness Ds corresponding to is obtained (step S7).

Specifically, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L just before and immediately after the waste is fed into the incinerator 40 by the dust extraction device 30 . The supply volume calculation unit 65 obtains the converted height H for each of the surface height L immediately before and immediately after feeding the garbage, using the correspondence relation stored in the correspondence relation storage unit 61, By substituting in the above formula (4), the converted thickness (Ds) is obtained.

Next, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the specific gravity of the garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the converted thickness Ds that is the reduced amount of the converted height obtained, and the supply weight calculation unit 67 calculates the specific gravity of the waste in the incinerator 40 ) calculates the weight of the garbage fed in (step S8).

Specifically, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness of the lowest layer of garbage just before the garbage is supplied. When the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the converted thickness, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the specific gravity ρ by the formula (5) (see FIG. 8 ). In addition, when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the specific gravity ρ according to the above formula (6) (refer to FIG. 9 ).

Then, the supply weight calculation unit 67 multiplies the calculated specific gravity ρ by the converted thickness Ds obtained in step S4 and the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a to obtain a supply weight of the garbage. . Here, as described above, the calculated waste feed weight is used to control the dust extraction device 30 .

Next, the data management part 62 updates the data of the garbage layer of the lowest layer based on the converted thickness Ds which is the acquired reduction amount of the converted height (step S9).

Specifically, when the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the reduced thickness (see Fig. 8), the data management unit 62 maintains the number of times the lowermost garbage layer is put in, and at the same time, based on the converted thickness Ds, the lowermost garbage layer Update the layer weight and converted thickness.

For example, if described using the example of FIG. 8 , the weight W2(Mc) and the converted thickness D2(Mc) of the lowest layer of the garbage layer (G _Mc ) immediately after the garbage is supplied are expressed by the following formulas (7) and (8) ) is calculated by

[Equation 7 and Equation 8]

In addition, when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness (refer to Fig. 9), the data management unit 62 changes the number of times of throwing in the lowest layer of the garbage layer to the number of throwing after one, and at the same time, the converted thickness Ds. Based on , the converted thickness is updated with the weight of the garbage layer related to the number of input after one.

For example, if described using the example of FIG. 9 , the weight W2 (M-c+1) and the converted thickness D2 (M) of the garbage layer (G _M-c+1 ) that became the lowest layer immediately after the garbage is supplied. -c+1) is calculated by the following formulas (9) and (10).

[Equation 9 and Equation 10]

After step S9, or when the data management unit 62 determines that the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31 (step S6: NO), the flow returns to step S1. In this way, the specific gravity of the garbage supplied in the incinerator 40 is calculated, updating the weight and the converted thickness for each garbage layer.

As described above, according to the incineration facility 100 according to the present embodiment, the correspondence storage unit 61 determines the surface height L of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 and the The correspondence relationship of the converted height H corresponding to the total volume V of garbage is memorize|stored in advance. Therefore, the input volume calculation unit 64 uses the corresponding relationship to immediately determine the total amount of garbage stored in the hopper 20 from the measurement value of the height measuring device 16 without using an irradiation-type laser level meter. By acquiring the converted height H corresponding to the volume V, it is possible to easily calculate the converted thickness D corresponding to the input volume of the garbage (that is, the volume of the uppermost garbage layer). Therefore, with the above structure, it is possible to calculate the volume of the garbage put into the hopper 20 with a simple structure.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the converted thickness D of each garbage layer can be corrected with a value taking into account consolidation by the load of the above garbage layer, the converted thickness D of each garbage layer ) can be approximated to a value corresponding to the volume of the actual garbage layer. In addition, as a result, the converted thickness D of the uppermost garbage layer calculated using the integrated value of the converted thickness of the garbage layer may also approximate a value corresponding to the actual volume of the garbage layer. Furthermore, since the specific gravity calculation unit 66 uses the converted thickness corrected by the consolidation correction unit 63 , it is possible to calculate the specific gravity more precisely, and as a result, the combustion control of the garbage in the incinerator 40 . performance can be further improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, the shape of the hopper 20 described in the above embodiment and the shape of the graph showing the correspondence relationship between the surface height of garbage and the total volume of garbage are merely examples, and various modifications are possible. In addition, according to the above embodiment, "converted height" and "converted thickness" correspond to the "total volume corresponding value" and "input volume corresponding value" of the present invention, respectively, but the "total volume corresponding value" and " The input volume correspondence value" is not limited to "conversion height" and "conversion thickness". For example, the "total volume-corresponding value" of the present invention may be the total volume of garbage stored in the hopper 20, and the "input volume-corresponding value" of the present invention may be the volume of each garbage layer. In this case, the correspondence storage unit may store in advance the correspondence relationship between the height L of the surface of the garbage and the total volume V of the garbage shown in FIG. 4 . Moreover, the "supply volume correspondence value" of this invention does not need to be converted thickness Ds, either, and the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 may be sufficient.

In addition, the calculation method of the volume of the garbage thrown into the hopper 20 by the input volume calculation part 64 is. It is not limited to the method described in the above embodiment. For example, it is not necessary to make a correction in consideration of consolidation for the converted thickness of each garbage layer. In this case, the input volume calculation unit 64 performs no correction on the garbage layers G _Mc , G _M-c+1 , ..., G _M-1 other than the uppermost layer G _M . A value obtained by integrating the converted thickness (the converted thickness of each garbage layer calculated when each garbage layer is located on the uppermost floor) may be obtained and subtracted from the converted height H(M).

In addition, the input volume calculation part 64 may calculate the volume of the garbage layer of the uppermost layer by the method of integrating|accumulating the converted thickness of the garbage layer other than the uppermost layer. For example, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L immediately before and immediately after putting the garbage forming the uppermost layer into the hopper 20 . The input volume calculation unit 64 calculates a correspondence relationship in which the correspondence relationship storage unit 61 stores a total volume correspondence value (for example, a converted height) corresponding to the surface height L immediately before and immediately after the injection. At the same time, the difference in the total volume correspondence value may be calculated as a value corresponding to the input volume of the garbage.

Furthermore, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates the difference between the total volume corresponding value immediately before and immediately after putting the garbage into the hopper 20, the garbage layer in which part or all of the garbage layer stacked before further input is the latest. The reduced amount (Δh) reduced by consolidation by the weight of may be added. For example, if described using the example of FIG. 7 , the input volume calculation unit 64 converts the converted heights H( _M ), H( M-1) by adding the reduction Δh(M-1) due to the consolidation of the garbage layer G _M-1 of the layer one below the uppermost layer G _M to the garbage layer G _M . You may calculate the converted thickness D(M) of . The reduction Δh(M-1) is derived based on the weight W(M) of the uppermost layer of garbage G _M . That is, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates the converted thickness D(M) of the garbage layer G _M by the following formula (11).

[Equation 11]

Here, H(M) is the converted height calculated from the surface height immediately after the M-th garbage input, H(M-1) is the converted height calculated from the surface height immediately before the M-th garbage input, Δh(M- 1) is the reduction in the converted height of the garbage layer (G M- ₁ ) due to the compaction of the garbage layer (G _M-1 )

In addition, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the above formulas (5) and equations in the case where the converted thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of the supplied garbage is equal to or less than the converted thickness of the lowest garbage layer immediately before the garbage is supplied, and in the case where it is not. Although the specific gravity (ρ) was calculated by dividing (6), the calculation method of the specific gravity (ρ) of the specific gravity calculating unit 66 is not limited thereto. For example, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 calculates the weight of the waste to be supplied in the formula (5) when the converted thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of the supplied waste is equal to or less than the converted thickness of the lowest waste layer immediately before the waste is supplied. You may calculate specific gravity (rho) by this.

13: crane 15: weighing scale
16: height measuring device 20: hopper
20a: virtual hopper 21a to 21d: keg element
30: radical device 60: control device
61: correspondence storage unit 62: data management unit
63: consolidation correction unit 64: input volume calculation unit
65: supply volume calculation unit 66: specific gravity calculation unit
100: incineration equipment

Claims (7)

an incinerator that incinerates garbage,
A crane having a bucket for catching garbage in the pit and a weight meter for measuring the weight of the garbage caught in the bucket;
a hopper for storing garbage thrown in from above by the crane;
a radical device for supplying waste to the incinerator from the lower part of the hopper;
a height measuring device for measuring the height of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper;
a correspondence storage unit for storing in advance a correspondence relationship between a surface height of the garbage stored in the hopper and a total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume of garbage stored in the hopper;
a data management unit for classifying each layer of garbage stacked in the hopper by one input from the crane, and storing an input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each garbage layer and a weight of each garbage layer;
Using the correspondence relationship, whenever garbage is put into the hopper, the total volume correspondence value corresponding to the height measured by the height measuring device is acquired, and based on the total volume correspondence value, the garbage is stacked in the hopper An incineration facility comprising an input volume calculation unit for calculating the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost garbage layer among the garbage layers to be used.
The method of claim 1,
The input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume-corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, and subtracts the integrated value from the total volume-corresponding value, An incineration facility characterized by calculating the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost garbage layer.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
For each waste layer other than the uppermost layer among the waste layers stacked in the hopper, the corresponding value of the input volume of each waste layer is corrected based on the total weight of the waste layer positioned above each waste layer and a consolidation correction unit that
The input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume-corresponding value after correction of each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, and subtracts the integrated value from the total volume-corresponding value. An incineration facility characterized in that the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the garbage layer is calculated.
4. The method of claim 3,
The consolidation correction unit corrects the input volume corresponding value for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper whenever garbage is put into the hopper,
The data management unit, whenever garbage is put into the hopper, the input volume correspondence value obtained by correcting the latest input volume correspondence value stored for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper Incineration facility, characterized in that it is renewed.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
In the hopper, a plurality of cylindrical elements having different rates of change of cross-sectional area with respect to a predetermined height change are formed consecutively in the vertical direction,
The total volume correspondence value is an incineration facility, characterized in that it is a converted height of the surface of the garbage stored in the virtual hopper when it is assumed that the garbage stored in the hopper is stored in the virtual hopper having a constant cross-sectional area.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
a supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the garbage supplied into the incinerator by the radical device;
a specific gravity calculation unit for calculating the specific gravity of the waste supplied into the incinerator by using the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the lowest layer of the waste layer stacked in the hopper;
and a supply weight calculation unit configured to calculate the weight of the garbage to be supplied into the incinerator based on the supply volume correspondence value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit.
4. The method of claim 3,
a supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the garbage supplied into the incinerator by the radical device;
As the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the lowest garbage layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, the input volume corresponding value recently corrected by the consolidation correction unit is used as the input volume corresponding value. a specific gravity calculating unit for calculating the specific gravity;
and a supply weight calculation unit configured to calculate the weight of the garbage to be supplied into the incinerator based on the supply volume correspondence value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit.

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