KR102316170B1 - 전해질-억제 이온 전도체를 포함하는 복합체를 사용한 전극 보호 - Google Patents
전해질-억제 이온 전도체를 포함하는 복합체를 사용한 전극 보호 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102316170B1 KR102316170B1 KR1020167025464A KR20167025464A KR102316170B1 KR 102316170 B1 KR102316170 B1 KR 102316170B1 KR 1020167025464 A KR1020167025464 A KR 1020167025464A KR 20167025464 A KR20167025464 A KR 20167025464A KR 102316170 B1 KR102316170 B1 KR 102316170B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- lithium
- ion conductor
- conductor layer
- less
- Prior art date
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- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 1은, 한 세트의 실시양태에 따른, 이온 전도체 층 및 세퍼레이터 층을 포함하는 복합체 구조체를 포함하는 전기화학 전지의 예시적 개략도이다.
도 2는 일부 실시양태에 따른, 구불구불한 홀(hole) 경로를 포함하는 자립형 세퍼레이터 필름의 예시적 개략도이다.
도 3은 일부 실시양태에 따른, 이온 전도체 층으로 코팅된 다공성 세퍼레이터의 예시적 개략도이다.
도 4a, 4b, 및 4c는 상업용 세퍼레이터 상에 침착된 세라믹 코팅의 예시적 주사 전자 현미경(SEM) 이미지이다.
도 5는, 다양한 무기 이온 전도체-세퍼레이터 복합체에 대한 공기 투과 시간 대 무기 이온 전도체 두께의 플롯이다.
Claims (44)
- 전기활성 물질로서 리튬을 포함하는 제 1 전극;
제 2 전극; 및
제 1 전극과 제 2 전극 사이에 위치하는 복합체
를 포함하는 전기화학 전지로서,
상기 복합체가,
평균 공극 크기를 갖는 공극을 포함하며 104 Ohm-미터 이상의 벌크 전자 저항률을 갖는 세퍼레이터; 및
상기 세퍼레이터에 결합된 이온 전도체 층
을 포함하고,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 적어도 10-6 S/cm의 리튬-이온 전도도를 갖고,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 0.1 내지 20 중량%의 옥사이드 함량을 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하고/하거나, 상기 이온 전도체 층이 0.001:1 내지 1.5:1 범위의 산소 원자 대 황 원자(O:S)의 원자 비를 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 옥시설파이드가 0.01:1 내지 0.25:1 범위의 산소 원자 대 황 원자(O:S)의 원자 비를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는 이온 전도체 층이, 하나 초과의 이온 전도체 층을 포함하는 다층화된 구조체의 일부인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 다층화된 구조체 중 2개 이상의 층이 상이한 물질로 형성되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 다층화된 구조체 중 2개 이상의 층이 동일한 물질로 형성되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는 이온 전도체 층이 제 1 전극 및 세퍼레이터와 각각 직접 접촉되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 5 마이크론 내지 40 마이크론의 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 1010 Ohm-미터 이상의 벌크 전자 저항률을 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 1010 Ohm-미터 내지 1015 Ohm-미터의 벌크 전자 저항률을 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 고체형 중합체 세퍼레이터인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가, 세라믹 또는 유리질/세라믹 물질을 포함하는 충전제와 중합체 결합제의 혼합물을 포함하는 고체인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 폴리(n-펜텐-2), 폴리프로필렌, 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리아마이드(예컨대, 폴리아마이드(나일론), 폴리(ε-카프로락탐)(나일론 6), 폴리(헥사메틸렌 아디프아마이드)(나일론 66)), 폴리이미드(예컨대, 폴리니트릴, 및 폴리(피로멜리트이미드-1,4-다이페닐 에터)(캡톤(Kapton)(등록상표))(노멕스(NOMEX)(등록상표))(케블라(KEVLAR)(등록상표))), 폴리에터 에터 케톤(PEEK), 및 이들의 조합 중 하나 이상을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 복합체가, 세퍼레이터의 표면 상에 이온 전도체 층을 침착시키기 전에 플라즈마로 세퍼레이터의 표면을 처리함에 의해 형성되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 리튬 옥시설파이드가 화학식 x(yLi2S+zLi2O)+MS2(상기 식에서, M은 Si, Ge, 또는 Sn이다)을 가지며, 이때 y+z=1이고, x는 0.5 내지 3일 수 있는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 이온 전도체 층 중 0 중량% 내지 30 중량% 범위의 유리-형성 첨가제를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 하나 이상의 리튬 염을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 하나 이상의 리튬 염이 LiI, LiBr, LiCl, Li2CO3, 또는 Li2SO4인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 16 항에 있어서,
상기 하나 이상의 리튬 염이 0 몰% 내지 50 몰% 범위로 이온 전도체 층에 첨가되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 5 마이크론 이하의 평균 공극 크기를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터가 0.5 마이크론 이하의 평균 공극 크기를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 2 마이크론 이하의 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 800 nm 이하의 두께를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 복합체가 25℃에서 10-5 S/cm 이상의 리튬 이온 전도도를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층의 두께 : 상기 세퍼레이터의 평균 공극 크기의 비가 적어도 1.1:1 인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터와 상기 이온 전도체 층 사이의 접착 강도가 350 N/m 이상인, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터와 상기 이온 전도체 층 사이의 접착 강도가 표준 ASTM D3359-02에 따른 테이프 시험을 통과하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
제 1 전기활성 물질이 리튬 금속 및/또는 리튬 합금을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 27 항에 있어서,
상기 제 2 전극이 제 2 전기활성 물질로서 황을 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 전자 빔 증발법 또는 스퍼터링 공정에 의해 세퍼레이터 상에 침착되는, 전기화학 전지. - 리튬을 포함하는 제 1 전극;
황을 포함하는 제 2 전극;
상기 제 1 전극과 상기 제 2 전극 사이에 배열된 세퍼레이터; 및
상기 세퍼레이터에 접촉 및/또는 결합된 고체 이온 전도체
를 포함하는, 리튬-황 전지인 전기화학 전지로서, 이때
상기 고체 이온 전도체가 0.1 내지 20 중량%의 옥사이드 함량을 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하고/하거나, 상기 고체 이온 전도체가 0.001:1 내지 1.5:1 범위의 산소 원자 대 황 원자(O:S)의 원자 비를 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 0.5 nm 내지 1 마이크론의 RMS 표면 조도를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 20 S/cm 미만의 리튬-이온 전도도를 갖는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 실질적으로 비-중합체 물질로 형성되는, 전기화학 전지. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 이온 전도체 층의 두께가, 상기 세퍼레이터의 평균 공극 크기의 1.1 배 이상 및 상기 세퍼레이터의 평균 공극 크기의 20 배 이하인, 전기화학 전지. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 전기화학 전지의 제 1 전극과 제 2 전극을 분리시키고, 전기화학 전지 내에 존재하는 전해질과 상기 전기화학 전지의 전극들 중 하나와의 상호작용을 억제하기 위한, 제 1 전극과 제 2 전극 사이에 배열될 수 있는 복합체로서,
상기 복합체가,
세퍼레이터; 및
상기 세퍼레이터에 접촉 및/또는 결합된 고체 이온 전도체
를 포함하고,
상기 고체 이온 전도체가 0.1 내지 20 중량%의 옥사이드 함량을 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하고/하거나, 상기 고체 이온 전도체가 0.001:1 내지 1.5:1 범위의 산소 원자 대 황 원자(O:S)의 원자 비를 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는, 복합체. - 전기화학 전지의 제 1 전극과 제 2 전극을 분리시키고, 전기화학 전지 내에 존재하는 전해질과 상기 전기화학 전지의 전극들 중 하나와의 상호작용을 억제하기 위한, 제 1 전극과 제 2 전극 사이에 배열될 수 있는 복합체로서,
상기 복합체가,
평균 공극 크기를 갖는 공극을 포함하며 104 Ohm-미터 이상의 벌크 전자 저항률을 갖는 세퍼레이터; 및
상기 세퍼레이터에 결합된 이온 전도체 층
을 포함하고,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 적어도 10-6 S/cm의 리튬-이온 전도도를 갖고,
상기 이온 전도체 층이 0.1 내지 20 중량%의 옥사이드 함량을 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하고/하거나, 상기 이온 전도체 층이 0.001:1 내지 1.5:1 범위의 산소 원자 대 황 원자(O:S)의 원자 비를 갖는 리튬 옥시설파이드를 포함하는, 복합체. - 제 1 항 내지 제 34 항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 전기화학 전지의 제조 방법으로서,
상기 세퍼레이터를 제조 또는 제공하는 단계;
상기 세퍼레이터에 고체 이온 전도체를 접촉 및/또는 결합시키는 단계;
상기 전기화학 전지의 추가의 구성 요소(building element)를 제공하는 단계; 및
상기 전기화학 전지를 조립하는 단계
를 포함하는, 제조 방법. - 제 42 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터에 고체 이온 전도체를 접촉 및/또는 결합시키는 단계가, 이온 전도체 물질을 상기 세퍼레이터의 표면 상에 침착시킴에 의해 달성되는, 제조 방법. - 제 42 항에 있어서,
상기 세퍼레이터에 고체 이온 전도체를 접촉 및/또는 결합시킴에 의해 수득된 중간체 생성물이, 자립형 구조체(free-standing structure)인 복합체인, 제조 방법.
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JP2010050076A (ja) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-03-04 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 電気化学素子用セパレータ、これを用いたリチウム電池又はリチウムイオン電池、及び電気化学素子用セパレータの製造方法 |
Also Published As
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US20220278354A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
CN106062995A (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
WO2015126885A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US20170250390A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
KR20160123361A (ko) | 2016-10-25 |
JP2017506420A (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US9653750B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
CN106062995B (zh) | 2020-02-04 |
US20200194822A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
US11367892B2 (en) | 2022-06-21 |
US10553893B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 |
US20150236320A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
JP6746062B2 (ja) | 2020-08-26 |
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