KR101825920B1 - 음극 활물질, 이를 채용한 음극과 리튬 전지, 및 상기 음극 활물질의 제조방법 - Google Patents
음극 활물질, 이를 채용한 음극과 리튬 전지, 및 상기 음극 활물질의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101825920B1 KR101825920B1 KR1020130083571A KR20130083571A KR101825920B1 KR 101825920 B1 KR101825920 B1 KR 101825920B1 KR 1020130083571 A KR1020130083571 A KR 1020130083571A KR 20130083571 A KR20130083571 A KR 20130083571A KR 101825920 B1 KR101825920 B1 KR 101825920B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- alloy
- atomic
- active material
- negative electrode
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 비교예에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 3은 실시예 1에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 4는 실시예 2에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 5는 실시예 3에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 6은 실시예 4에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 7은 실시예 5에서 제조된 실리콘계 합금 분말의 XRD 분석 결과이다.
도 8은 비교예 및 실시예 1-5에서 제조된 코인 셀의 사이클별 용량유지율 측정 결과이다.
조성비율(at%) | Active Si (at%) |
Si3Al3Fe2 (at%) |
Si2Fe (at%) |
Si3Al3Fe2 /Si2Fe |
Fe/Al | |||
Si | Al | Fe | ||||||
비교예 | 58.0 | 25.2 | 16.8 | 32.8 | 67.2 | 0 | - | 0.67 |
실시예 1 | 59.6 | 23.2 | 17.2 | 32.9 | 61.9 | 5.2 | 11.9 | 0.74 |
실시예 2 | 59.8 | 22.8 | 17.4 | 32.6 | 60.8 | 6.6 | 9.2 | 0.76 |
실시예 3 | 60.8 | 21.6 | 17.6 | 32.8 | 57.6 | 9.6 | 6.0 | 0.81 |
실시예 4 | 61.5 | 20.7 | 17.8 | 32.8 | 55.2 | 12.0 | 4.6 | 0.86 |
실시예 5 | 63.8 | 17.7 | 18.5 | 32.7 | 47.2 | 20.1 | 2.3 | 1.05 |
22: 음극층
23: 양극층
24: 분리막 코팅층
25: 전지 용기
26: 봉입 부재
Claims (17)
- Si, Al 및 Fe를 포함하는 실리콘계 합금을 포함하고, 상기 실리콘계 합금은
Si3Al3Fe2 및 Si2Fe 를 포함하는 합금 매트릭스; 및
상기 합금 매트릭스 내에 분산된 실리콘 나노입자;를 포함하고,
상기 실리콘계 합금 중, 상기 Si2Fe를 이루는 Si 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합에 대한, 상기 Si3Al3Fe2를 이루는 Si, Al 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합의 비율이 2 내지 12이고,
상기 실리콘계 합금은 비활성 실리콘과 활성 실리콘을 포함하며,
상기 합금 매트릭스가 상기 비활성 실리콘을 포함하고, 상기 실리콘 나노입자가 상기 활성 실리콘을 포함하는 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 합금 중, 상기 Si2Fe를 이루는 Si 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합에 대한, 상기 Si3Al3Fe2를 이루는 Si, Al 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합의 비율이 4 내지 10인 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 합금은 Si 40 내지 80 원자%, Al 10 내지 40 원자%, 및 Fe 5 내지 25 원자%를 포함하고, 단, Si, Al 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합은 100원자%인 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 합금 중, Al의 원자분율에 대한 Fe의 원자분율의 비율이 0.7 내지 1.1인 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 합금이 D50 0.3 내지 10μm의 분말로 분쇄된 것인 음극 활물질. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘계 합금에서 활성 실리콘 및 비활성 실리콘의 총합 100원자% 기준으로, 상기 활성 실리콘의 함량은 40 내지 80 원자% 범위이고, 상기 비활성 실리콘의 함량은 20 내지 60 원자% 범위인 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 실리콘 나노입자의 평균 입경은 10 내지 500 nm인 음극 활물질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 음극 활물질은 리튬 이온을 흡장 및 방출할 수 있는 탄소계 재료, 리튬 금속, 리튬 합금, 실리콘 옥사이드계 물질, 또는 이들의 혼합물을 더 포함하는 음극 활물질. - 제1항 내지 제5항, 제7항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극
- 제10항에 따른 음극을 포함하는 리튬 전지.
- 실리콘계 합금을 제조하기 위하여, Si 40 내지 80 원자%, Al 10 내지 40 원자%, 및 Fe 5 내지 25 원자%의 조성(단, Si, Al 및 Fe의 원자분율 총합은 100원자%이다)을 가진 모합금을 제조하는 단계;
상기 모합금의 용해물을 급냉 응고시켜, 급냉 응고 합금을 얻는 단계; 및
상기 급냉 응고 합금을 분쇄하는 단계;
를 포함하는 제1항 내지 제5항, 제7항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 음극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 모합금은 진공 유도 용해법(vacuum indution melting), 아크 용해법(arc melting) 또는 기계적 합금법(mechanical alloying)을 이용하여 제조되는 음극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 급냉 응고는 멜트 스피닝(melt spinning)법, 가스 아토마이즈(gas atomize)법, 또는 스트립 캐스트(strip cast)법을 이용하여 수행되는 음극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 급냉 응고는 상기 모합금의 용해물을 103 K/sec 내지 107 K/sec의 속도로 급냉하는 공정을 포함하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 모합금의 용해물은 리본(ribbon) 형상으로 사출되며, 리본 형상의 사출물 두께가 5 내지 20㎛ 범위인 음극 활물질의 제조방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 급냉 응고 합금을 D50 0.3 내지 10μm의 분말로 분쇄하는 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
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US20150021516A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
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