KR101360715B1 - 필름 및 필름의 제조 방법, 그리고 그 이용 - Google Patents
필름 및 필름의 제조 방법, 그리고 그 이용 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101360715B1 KR101360715B1 KR1020087023634A KR20087023634A KR101360715B1 KR 101360715 B1 KR101360715 B1 KR 101360715B1 KR 1020087023634 A KR1020087023634 A KR 1020087023634A KR 20087023634 A KR20087023634 A KR 20087023634A KR 101360715 B1 KR101360715 B1 KR 101360715B1
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- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 형성된 광학 이방성층을 갖는 필름으로서,상기 광학 이방성층은 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물에서 유래하는 구조 단위를 포함한 폴리머를 함유하는 층으로 이루어지고,상기 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물은 모노머로서 수평 배향막 상에서 수평으로 배향하고, 공기 계면에서 수직으로 배향하는 특성을 갖는 것으로서,필름 평면의 직교축 방향 및 필름 두께 방향에 있어서의 굴절률을 각각 nx, ny, nz 로 한 경우에, nz>nx 및 nz>ny 를 만족시키고,상기 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물은, 러빙 처리되지 않은 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 수직으로 배향하고, 러빙 처리한 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 공기 계면에서는 수직 방향의 분자 배향을 유지한 채로, 수직 배향용 배향막 계면에서는 경사 배향하는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 수직 배향용 배향막은 수직 배향막인 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 광학 이방성층에 있어서의 굴절률 타원체의 필름 평면에 대한 경사각이 90±5˚ 인 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 수직 배향용 배향막은 수직 배향막에 러빙 처리가 실시된 배향막인 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 광학 이방성층에 있어서의 굴절률 타원체의 필름 평면에 대한 경사각이 45˚ ∼ 85˚ 인 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 형성된 광학 이방성층을 갖는 필름으로서,상기 광학 이방성층은 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물을 함유하는 층으로 이루어지고,상기 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물은, 수평 배향막 상에서 수평으로 배향하고, 공기 계면에서 수직으로 배향하는 특성을 갖는 것으로서,필름 평면의 직교축 방향 및 필름 두께 방향에 있어서의 굴절률을 각각 nx, ny, nz 로 한 경우에, nz>nx 및 nz>ny 를 만족시키고,상기 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물은, 러빙 처리되지 않은 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 수직으로 배향하고, 러빙 처리한 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 공기 계면에서는 수직 방향의 분자 배향을 유지한 채로, 수직 배향용 배향막 계면에서는 경사 배향하는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,역파장 분산을 나타내는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 광학 이방성층은 하기 식 (1)[화학식 1](식 중, Y 는 2 가의 기를 나타내고, s 및 t 는 각각 독립적으로 0 또는 1 의 정수를 나타내고, G1 및 G2 는 각각 독립적으로 -CR1R2- 를 나타내고, R1 및 R2 는 각각 독립적으로, 탄소수 1 ∼ 4 의 알킬기, 할로겐 원자, 수소 원자를 나타내고, A1 및 A2 는 각각 독립적으로, 2 가의 환상 탄화수소기, 2 가의 복소환기, 메틸렌페닐렌기, 옥시페닐렌기, 티오페닐렌기를 나타내고, A1 및 A2 에는 탄소수 1 ∼ 5 의 알킬기, 탄소수 1 ∼ 5 의 알콕시기, 할로겐 원자가 결합하고 있어도 되고, B1 및 B2 는 각각 독립적으로, -CRR'-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CH2-CH2-, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -C(=S)-, -C(=S)-O-, -O-C(=S)-, -O-C(=S)-O-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -N(→O)=N-, -N=N(→O)-, -C(=O)-NR-, -NR-C(=O)-, -OCH2-, -NR-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CH=CH-C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-CH=CH-, 단결합으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 2 가의 기를 나타내고, R 및 R' 는 각각 독립적으로, 수소 원자 또는 탄소수 1 ∼ 4 의 알킬기를 나타내고, X1 및 X2 는 각각 독립적으로, 하기 식 (2)[화학식 2](식 중, A3 은 2 가의 환상 탄화수소기, 복소환기를 나타내고, B3 은 상기 B1 및 B2 와 동일한 의미를 나타내고, n 은 1 ∼ 4 의 정수를 나타낸다) 로 나타내는 2 가의 기를 나타내고, E1 및 E2 는 각각 독립적으로, 탄소수 2 ∼ 25 의 알킬렌기를 나타내고, E1 및 E2 또한 탄소수 1 ∼ 5 의 알킬기, 탄소수 1 ∼ 5 의 알콕시기, 할로겐 원자가 결합하고 있어도 되고, P1 및 P2 는 수소 원자 또는 중합성기를 나타내고, P1 및 P2 중 적어도 일방은 중합성기이다.) 로 나타내는 중합성 화합물에서 유래하는 구조 단위를 포함한 폴리머를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름.
- 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 형성된 광학 이방성층을 갖는 필름의 제조 방법으로서,(A) 수직 배향용 배향막 상에, 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물을 함유하는 조성물을 도포하는 공정과,(B) 상기 공정 (A) 에서 형성된 도막 (塗膜) 을 25℃ ∼ 120℃ 에서 10 초간 ∼ 60 분간 가열하는 공정을 적어도 포함하고,상기 막대상 중합성 액정 화합물이, 모노머로서 수평 배향막 상에서 수평으로 배향하고, 공기 계면에서 수직으로 배향하는 특성을 갖고, 러빙 처리되지 않은 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 수직으로 배향하고, 러빙 처리한 수직 배향용 배향막 상에 배향시키는 경우, 공기 계면에서는 수직 방향의 분자 배향을 유지한 채로, 수직 배향용 배향막 계면에서는 경사 배향하는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,(C) 상기 막대상 액정 화합물을 광중합에 의해 가교하는 공정을 추가로 포함 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 필름의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 필름을 적층하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 편광 필름.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 필름, 또는 상기 필름을 적층하여 이루어지는 편광 필름을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 플랫 패널 표시 장치.
- 액정으로 이루어지는 광학 이방성층으로서, 제 1 면, 및, 제 1 면과 평행한 제 2 면을 갖는 광학 이방성층과,광학 이방성층의 제 1 면과 접촉하고 있는 배향층을 구비하는 필름으로서,상기 배향층이 수평 배향막인 경우, 광학 이방성층의 제 1 면의 근방에 위치하는 액정이 수평으로 배향하고, 광학 이방성층의 제 2 면의 근방에 위치하는 액정이 수직으로 배향하고,필름에 수직인 제 1 방향의 제 1 굴절률 (nz), 필름의 제 1 방향과 직각인 제 2 방향의 제 2 굴절률 (nx), 및 필름의 제 1 방향 및 제 2 방향과 직각인 제 3 방향의 제 3 굴절률 (ny) 에 있어서, 제 1 굴절률 (nz) 이 제 2 굴절률 (nx) 및 제 3 굴절률 (ny) 보다 크고,상기 배향층이 러빙 처리되지 않은 수직 배향용 배향막인 경우, 광학 이방성층의 액정은 수직으로 배향하고,상기 배향층이 러빙 처리한 수직 배향용 배향막인 경우, 광학 이방성층의 제 1 면의 근방에 위치하는 액정이 경사 배향하고, 광학 이방성층의 제 2 면의 근방에 위치하는 액정이 수직으로 배향하는, 필름.
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