KR101136498B1 - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

The fuel cell system of the present invention includes a fuel cell 10, a reaction gas pipe 31 for supplying a reaction gas to the fuel cell 10, and a valve body driven at a predetermined drive cycle by an electromagnetic driving force, thereby removing the valve seat from the valve seat. It is provided with an injector 35 which adjusts the gas state on the upstream side in the reaction gas pipe 31 and supplies it to the downstream side by spaced apart, and responds to the physical component of the reaction gas flowing through the reaction gas pipe 31. ) Is integrally installed and in close proximity to the injector 35.

Description

Fuel Cell System {FUEL CELL SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a fuel cell system including an injector in a reaction gas pipe connected to a fuel cell.

At present, a fuel cell system having a fuel cell that generates power by receiving a supply of reaction gas (fuel gas and oxidizing gas) has been proposed and put into practical use. In such a fuel cell system, a flow regulating valve for adjusting a gas state is provided in a reaction gas pipe for flowing fuel gas supplied from a fuel supply source such as a hydrogen tank to a fuel cell, and an opening valve downstream of the flow regulating valve. (See, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-134239).

However, in the fuel cell system described in Patent Document 1, the flow regulating valve and the opening valve are arranged so that the opening delay of the opening valve may be caused by the fluctuation of the gas pressure adjusted by the upstream flow regulating valve. There is a possibility. Such a response delay is a problem which can arise in various components, not only an opening valve but a gas component part responding to the physical quantity of reaction gas.

This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the fuel cell system which can improve the responsiveness of the gas element component responding to the physical quantity of reaction gas.

In order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell system according to the present invention includes a fuel cell, a reaction gas pipe for supplying a reaction gas to the fuel cell, and a valve body driven at a predetermined driving period by an electromagnetic driving force to remove the valve seat. A fuel cell system having an injector for isolating and adjusting a gas state on the upstream side of the reaction gas pipe and supplying it to the downstream side, wherein a gas element component responding to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the reaction gas pipe is supplied to the injector. It is integrally installed.

According to such a structure, since the gas element parts are integrally provided and closely arranged in the injector, the response delay of the gas element parts to the pressure fluctuations caused by the injector can be suppressed.

In the fuel cell system, the gas element component may be an open valve that opens at a predetermined pressure.

In the fuel cell system, the opening valve may connect the downstream side of the injector and the outside of the reaction gas pipe during opening.

In the fuel cell system, the opening valve may connect the upstream side and the downstream side of the injector at the time of opening.

In the fuel cell system, when the opening valve is provided in a support block supporting the downstream side of the injector, the opening outside the reaction gas pipe may be directed downward.

According to such a structure, even if a droplet adheres to an open valve, the said droplet will be discharged | emitted from below and it can suppress that it adheres to a valve body.

In the fuel cell system, a diffusion plate may be provided in the gas discharge port from the opening.

In the fuel cell system, when the opening valve is provided in a support block supporting the downstream side of the injector, a branch flow path branched from the oil passage part and the oil passage part to the open valve side in the support block. A part may be provided, and the said oil path may extend below the branch position of the said branch flow path part.

In the fuel cell system, in the case where the opening valve is provided in a support block supporting the downstream side of the injector, a branch flow passage branched from the oil passage part and the oil passage part to the open valve side in the support block. The part may be provided, and the flow path cross-sectional area of the branch flow path part may be wider than the flow path cross-sectional area of the main flow path part.

According to this configuration, even when an injector does not return from fully open to fully closed (so-called open fixation), even more reactant gas is discharged out of the reaction gas pipe through the branch flow path having a wide flow path cross section. As a result, the application of pressure to the fuel cell can be reduced.

In the fuel cell system, in the case where the opening valve is provided in a support block supporting the downstream side of the injector, a branch flow passage branched from the oil passage part and the oil passage part to the open valve side in the support block. A part may be provided and the branch flow path part may be extended along the direction orthogonal to the flow path part.

In the fuel cell system, the opening valve may be supported by a support block supporting the upstream side of the injector and a support block supporting the downstream side.

In the fuel cell system, the opening valve may be coupled to a support block for supporting the upstream side of the injector and a support block for supporting the downstream side.

In the fuel cell system, the opening valve may be disposed inside the sound absorption cover covering the injector.

In the fuel cell system, the gas element component may be a pressure sensor used for opening and closing control of the injector.

According to such a structure, since a pressure sensor is arrange | positioned in close proximity to an injector, the time delay of injector control based on the detected pressure of the said pressure sensor can be reduced, and the response of opening and closing control of an injector can be improved.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fuel cell system capable of increasing the responsiveness of gas element components in response to the physical quantity of the reaction gas to be adjusted by the upstream injector.

1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view showing an injector of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a control block diagram for explaining a control state of the control device of the fuel cell system shown in FIG.

4 is a perspective view showing a fuel cell of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing a vehicle on which the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 is mounted;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged front view showing a fuel cell of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 in cross section, FIG.

7 is a front view showing a diffusion plate used in the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1;

8 is a cross-sectional view of a modification showing the periphery of the injector of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1;

9 is a partially enlarged front view showing a cross section of a part of a fuel cell of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a partially enlarged front view showing, in cross section, a portion of the fuel cell of the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-8, the fuel cell system 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

1 is a system configuration diagram of the fuel cell system 1. The fuel cell system 1 is used as a vehicle-mounted power generation system for a fuel cell vehicle, a power generation system for all moving objects such as a ship, an aircraft, a tram or a walking robot, and also a power generation facility for a building (housing, building, etc.). Although it is applicable to a stationary power generation system etc., it is specifically used for automobiles.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment includes a fuel cell 10 that generates electric power by receiving a supply of reaction gas (oxidizing gas and fuel gas), and also generates fuel. An oxidizing gas piping system 2 for supplying air as an oxidizing gas to the cell 10, a hydrogen gas piping system 3 for supplying hydrogen gas as a fuel gas to the fuel cell 10, and a controller for integrally controlling the entire system 4. ) And the like.

The fuel cell 10 has a stack structure in which a plurality of unit cells which generate power by receiving a reactive gas are stacked. The power generated by the fuel cell 10 is supplied to the PCU (Power Control Unit) 11. The PCU 11 includes an inverter, a DC-DC converter, or the like disposed between the fuel cell 10 and the traction motor 12. In addition, the fuel cell 10 is provided with a current sensor 13 for detecting a current during power generation.

The oxidizing gas piping system 2 includes an air supply passage 21 for supplying the oxidized gas (air) humidified by the humidifier 20 to the fuel cell 10, and the oxidized off gas discharged from the fuel cell 10. The air discharge flow path 22 which leads to the humidifier 20 and the exhaust flow path 23 which induces oxidation off gas to the exterior from the humidifier 20 are provided. In the air supply flow path 21, a compressor 24 for introducing an oxidizing gas in the atmosphere and for feeding the same to the humidifier 20 is provided.

The hydrogen gas piping system 3 includes a hydrogen tank 30 as a fuel supply source that stores hydrogen gas at a high pressure (for example, 70 MPa) and a hydrogen gas for supplying hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 30 to the fuel cell 10. A hydrogen supply flow passage (reaction gas piping) 31 as a fuel supply flow passage and a circulation flow passage 32 for returning the hydrogen off gas discharged from the fuel cell 10 to the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 are provided. Instead of the hydrogen tank 30, a reformer for generating hydrogen-rich reformed gas from a hydrocarbon fuel and a high-pressure gas tank for accumulating the reformed gas generated by the reformer under high pressure may be employed as the fuel supply source. . Further, a tank having a hydrogen storage alloy may be employed as the fuel supply source.

The hydrogen supply passage 31 is provided with a shutoff valve 33 for blocking or allowing the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 30, a regulator 34 for adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen gas, and an injector 35. It is. On the upstream side of the injector 35, a primary pressure sensor 41 and a temperature sensor 42 for detecting the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 are provided. On the upstream side of the confluence of the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 and the circulation flow passage 32 as the downstream side of the injector 35, a secondary pressure sensor 43 for detecting the pressure of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 is provided. It is installed.

The regulator 34 is an apparatus which adjusts the upstream pressure (primary pressure) to the preset secondary pressure. In the fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment, a mechanical pressure reducing valve for reducing the primary pressure is employed as the regulator 34. As a structure of a mechanical pressure reducing valve, the back pressure chamber and the pressure adjusting chamber have a box body formed with a diaphragm interposed therebetween, and the well-known structure which makes a secondary pressure by reducing a primary pressure to a predetermined pressure in a pressure control chamber by the back pressure in a back pressure chamber. Can be adopted.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the injector 35. The injector 35 adjusts the gas state of the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 to form a part of the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 and to bend the inside of the cylindrical portion 45 at one end in the axial direction. A bent portion (51) disposed on the hydrogen tank (30) side of the hydrogen supply flow passage (31) and formed inside the cylindrical portion (46) at the other end in the axial direction coaxial with one cylindrical portion (45). In 52, the metal cylinder 54 in which the internal flow path 53 arrange | positioned at the fuel cell 10 side of the hydrogen supply flow path 31 is formed.

The cylinder 54 has a first passage portion 56 connected to the sphere 51 and a first passage portion 56 connected to the side opposite to the sphere 51 of the first passage portion 56. The second passage portion 57 having a larger diameter and the third passage portion having a larger diameter than the second passage portion 57, which is connected to the side opposite to the first passage portion 56 of the second passage portion 57 ( 58 and a fourth passage portion having a smaller diameter than the second passage portion 57 and the third passage portion 58, which are connected to the opposite side to the second passage portion 57 of the third passage portion 58. 59 is formed and the internal flow path 53 is comprised by these. In addition, an annular seal groove 45a is formed in the outer circumferential portion of the cylindrical portion 45, and an annular seal groove 46a is formed in the outer circumference of the cylindrical portion 46.

The injector 35 has an opening on the third passage portion 58 side of the fourth passage portion 59 in the main body portion 47 having a larger diameter than those disposed between the cylindrical portions 45 and 46. In the valve seat 61 which consists of sealing members, such as rubber | gum, etc. which were installed so that it may enclose, and the cylindrical part 62 and the 3rd channel part 58 which are movably inserted into the 2nd channel part 57, for example. A metal valve body 65 having a bevel portion 63 having a diameter larger than that of the second passage portion 57 disposed therein, and having a communication hole 64 obliquely formed in the bevel portion 63, and a valve body ( One end side is inserted into the cylindrical part 62 of 65, and the other end side stops by stopping by the stopper 66 formed in the 1st channel part 56, and the valve body 65 fits into the valve seat 61. As shown in FIG. The second passage portion of the third passage portion 58 by contacting the spring 67 for blocking the internal passage 53 and the valve body 65 against the bias force of the spring 67 by electromagnetic driving force. On the end 68 of the 57 side Is moved until it makes contact to separate from the valve body 65 from the valve seat (61) it has a solenoid (69) communicating the internal passage (53) with the communication hole (64). Here, the valve body 65 operates along the axial direction of the cylinder 54.

The valve body 65 of the injector 35 is driven by energization control for the solenoid 69, which is an electromagnetic drive device, and is turned on or off by an on / off of a pulsed exciting current supplied to the solenoid 69. The opening state of 53 can be changed (in this embodiment, two stages of fully open and fully closed). The gas injection time and the gas injection timing of the injector 35 are controlled by the control signal output from the control device 4, whereby the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas are controlled with high accuracy.

The injector 35 supplies at least one of the opening state (opening degree) and the opening time by the valve body 65 provided in the inner flow passage 53 of the injector 35 so as to supply the gas flow rate required downstream thereof. By changing, the gas flow rate (or hydrogen molar concentration) supplied to the downstream side (fuel cell 10 side) is adjusted.

In addition, since the gas flow rate is adjusted by opening and closing the valve body 65 of the injector 35, the gas pressure supplied downstream of the injector 35 is reduced in pressure than the gas pressure upstream of the injector 35, thereby injecting the injector 35. ) Can also be interpreted as a pressure regulating valve (reducing valve, regulator). In addition, in this embodiment, it can also be interpreted as a variable pressure regulating valve which can change the pressure adjustment amount (decompression amount) of the upstream gas pressure of the injector 35 so that it may correspond to a request pressure in a predetermined pressure range according to gas demand. .

In addition, in 1st Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the injector 35 is arrange | positioned upstream rather than the confluence | part A1 of the hydrogen supply flow path 31 and the circulation flow path 32. As shown in FIG. In this case, since the plurality of hydrogen tanks 30 are used as the fuel supply source, the injector 35 is downstream from the portion (hydrogen gas confluence unit A2) where the hydrogen gas supplied from each hydrogen tank 30 joins. Is placed.

The discharge flow path 38 is connected to the circulation flow path 32 via the gas-liquid separator 36 and the exhaust drain valve 37. The gas-liquid separator 36 recovers water from the hydrogen off gas. The exhaust drain valve 37 operates by a command from the control device 4 to discharge the hydrogen-off gas containing the water recovered by the gas-liquid separator 36 and the impurities in the circulation flow path 32 to the outside ( Fuzzy).

Moreover, the hydrogen pump 39 which pressurizes the hydrogen off gas in the circulation flow path 32 and sends it to the hydrogen supply flow path 31 side is provided in the circulation flow path 32. In addition, the hydrogen off gas discharged through the exhaust drain valve 37 and the discharge flow path 38 is diluted by the diluent 40 to join the oxidation off gas in the exhaust flow path 23.

The control device 4 detects an operation amount of an acceleration operation device (accelerator, etc.) installed in the vehicle, and receives control information such as an acceleration request value (e.g., a demand generation amount from a load device such as the traction motor 12). Control the operation of various devices in the system.

In addition to the traction motor 12, a load device is an auxiliary machinery device (for example, a compressor 24, a hydrogen pump 39, a motor of a cooling pump, etc.) necessary for operating the fuel cell 10, and a vehicle. It is a generic term for power consumption devices including actuators used in various devices (transmission, wheel control device, steering device, suspension device, etc.) involved in driving, air conditioners (air conditioners) in the passenger space, lighting, audio, and the like.

The control apparatus 4 is comprised by the computer system not shown. Such a computer system includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an HDD, an input / output interface, a display, and the like. Various control operations are realized by the CPU reading out and executing various control programs recorded in the ROM.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the control device 4 is based on the operation state of the fuel cell 10 (the current value at the time of power generation of the fuel cell 10 detected by the current sensor 13). The amount of hydrogen gas consumed in the fuel cell 10 (hereinafter referred to as "hydrogen consumption amount") is calculated (fuel consumption amount calculation function: B1). In this embodiment, the hydrogen consumption amount is calculated and updated for each calculation cycle of the control device 4 by using a specific calculation formula indicating the relationship between the current value of the fuel cell 10 and the hydrogen consumption amount.

Moreover, the control apparatus 4 is based on the operation state of the fuel cell 10 (the current value at the time of power generation of the fuel cell 10 detected by the current sensor 13), and in the injector 35 downstream position. The target pressure value of the hydrogen gas (target gas supply pressure to the fuel cell 10) is calculated (target pressure value calculating function: B2). In this embodiment, the position where the secondary side pressure sensor 43 is arranged for each calculation cycle of the control device 4 using a specific map showing the relationship between the current value and the target pressure value of the fuel cell 10 ( The target pressure value at the pressure adjustment position, which is the position at which pressure adjustment is required, is calculated and updated.

Moreover, the control apparatus 4 correct | amends feedback based on the deviation of the calculated target pressure value and the detected pressure value of the downstream position (pressure adjustment position) of the injector 35 detected by the secondary side pressure sensor 43. Calculate the flow rate (feedback correction flow rate calculation function: B3). The feedback correction flow rate is a hydrogen gas flow rate (pressure difference reduction correction flow rate) added to the hydrogen consumption in order to reduce the deviation between the target pressure value and the detected pressure value. In the present embodiment, the feedback correction flow rate is calculated and updated for each calculation cycle of the control device 4 by using a target tracking type control rule such as PI control.

The control device 4 also calculates a feedforward correction flow rate corresponding to the deviation between the target pressure value calculated last time and the target pressure value calculated this time (feedforward correction flow rate calculation function: B4). The feedforward correction flow rate is a variation (pressure difference-corresponding correction flow rate) of the hydrogen gas flow rate due to the change in the target pressure value.

In the present embodiment, a map showing the relationship between the deviation of the target pressure value and the feedforward correction flow rate is formed in accordance with the primary pressure of the injector 35 (for example, high pressure and low pressure 2 based on a predetermined threshold value). The feedforward correction flow rate is calculated and updated for each operation cycle of the control device 4 using these maps. The plurality of maps also change in accordance with the pressure value of the primary pressure sensor 41.

In addition, the control device 4 injects the injector based on the gas state upstream of the injector 35 (the pressure of the hydrogen gas detected by the primary pressure sensor 41 and the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected by the temperature sensor 42). (35) Calculate upstream static flow rate (static flow calculation function: B5). In the present embodiment, the static flow rate is calculated and updated for each calculation cycle of the control device 4 by using a specific equation that indicates the relationship between the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen gas upstream of the injector 35 and the static flow rate. I do it.

Moreover, the control apparatus 4 calculates the invalid injection time of the injector 35 based on the gas state (pressure and temperature of hydrogen gas) upstream of the injector 35, and an applied voltage (invalid injection time calculation function: B6 ). Here, the invalid injection time means the time required for the injector 35 to receive the control signal from the control device 4 and actually start the injection. In the present embodiment, the invalid injection time is calculated for each calculation cycle of the control device 4 by using a specific map showing the relationship between the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen gas upstream of the injector 35 and the applied voltage and the invalid injection time. Is to be renewed.

In addition, the controller 4 calculates the injection flow rate of the injector 35 by adding the hydrogen consumption amount, the feedback correction flow rate, and the feedforward correction flow rate (injection flow rate calculation function B7). Then, the controller 4 calculates the basic injection time of the injector 35 by multiplying the drive period of the injector 35 by the value obtained by dividing the injection flow rate of the injector 35 by the static flow rate. The total injection time of the injector 35 is calculated by adding the injection time and the invalid injection time (total injection time calculating function: B8). Here, the driving period means a period of a short-shaped (on / off) waveform indicating the open / closed state of the injection hole of the injector 35. In this embodiment, the drive period is set by the control apparatus 4 to a fixed value.

Then, the control device 4 outputs a control signal for realizing the total injection time of the injector 35 calculated through the above procedure, thereby controlling the gas injection time and the gas injection time of the injector 35, thereby controlling the fuel. The flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the battery 10 are adjusted.

In normal operation of the fuel cell system 1, the hydrogen gas is supplied from the hydrogen tank 30 to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 10 via the hydrogen supply flow passage 31, and the humidified and adjusted air is supplied to the air supply flow passage. Power is generated by supplying to the anode of fuel cell 10 via 21. At this time, the electric power (required electric power) to be drawn out from the fuel cell 10 is calculated by the control device 4 so that the hydrogen gas and air in an amount corresponding to the power generation amount are supplied into the fuel cell 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the fuel cell 10, a pair of fuel cell stacks 10A and 10B constituted by stacking rectangular single cells 71 generated by receiving a supply of a reactive gas into power supplies are unit cells. In a state in which the stacking directions of (71) are arranged in parallel with each other, they are sandwiched and held by a pair of end plates (72, 73) disposed at both ends in the stacking direction in common.

These end plates 72 and 73 are connected to each other by a pair of tension plates 74 and 75 arranged on both sides in a direction orthogonal to the parallel direction of the fuel cell stacks 10A and 10B. As shown in FIG. 5, such a fuel cell 10 is mounted on the vehicle V in a state accommodated in a stack case 76 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.

In this mounting state, the fuel cell 10 is installed in the engine compartment EC provided on the front side of the vehicle V in a position in which the fuel cell stacks 10A, 10B are arranged in a horizontal direction with each other. At this time, a pair of end plates 72 and 73 are arrange | positioned at the both ends of a vehicle body front-back direction, and a pair of tension plates 74 and 75 are arrange | positioned up and down. The following is a description of the posture during installation.

The injector 35 is integrally provided on one end plate 72 which becomes the vehicle front-rear rearward side in the fuel cell 10. On the other hand, in the stack case 76 containing the fuel cell 10, a surface other than the rear surface 76a facing the injector 35, which is not between the injector 35 and the passenger compartment C, Specifically, the ventilation hole 78 which communicates inside and outside is provided in the front surface 76b.

The ventilation hole 78 is provided with a filter 79 that allows the passage of steam while restricting the passage of hydrogen. In addition, if the ventilation hole 78 is a surface other than the surface which opposes the injector 35 and is not a surface between the injector 35 and the passenger compartment C, for example, another surface, such as the upper surface 76c, may be sufficient as it. It may be installed in.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pair of end plates 72 and 73 described above are common to the plurality of fuel cell stacks 10A and 10B, and have a substantially rectangular shape that is long in the vehicle width direction. The injector 35 described above is integrally formed at the center of the fuel cell stacks 10A and 1OB in a plurality of rows (two rows in FIG. 4) arranged in one end plate 72 which becomes the vehicle front-rear direction rear side. It is installed.

Here, the fuel cell stacks 10A, 10B have opposite polarities on the end plate 72 side, so that the hydrogen supply ports 80A, 80B are provided with end plates 72 in order to supply hydrogen gas to the shortest distances, respectively. It is arranged symmetrically in the longitudinal direction of the). As a result, the injector 35 is arranged in the above-described arrangement, so that the pipe section branched from the pipe 81 extending from the injector 35 in the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 and connected to the respective hydrogen supply ports 80A and 80B. The lengths of 81A and 81B can be equalized.

In the injector 35, as shown in FIG. 6, the cylindrical portion 45 at the inlet side is disposed in the seal groove 45a in the hole 85 of the metal support block 84. O is an elastic member, which is fitted through an O-ring 86, which is an elastic member, and the cylindrical portion 46 on the outlet side is disposed in the seal groove 46a in the hole portion 88 of the support block 87 made of metal. It is fitted via the ring 89.

Then, in the state in which one support block 84 is disposed on the upper side, bolts are fixed to the end plate 72 at one fastening portion 90, and the other support block 87 is disposed on the lower side. In the state, it is fixed by bolt fixing to the end plate 72 in the two fastening parts 91 and 92 of both. As for the two fastening parts 91 and 92 which couple | support this support block 87 to the end plate 72, the line which connected each other is horizontal.

As described above, the injector 35 is disposed on the end plate 72 in the axial direction, that is, the valve body driving direction (the moving direction of the valve body 65) in the vertical direction, and is an O-ring which is an elastic member. Both are supported by the support blocks 84 and 87 via the 86 and 89. As a result, the injector 35 has an upstream cylindrical portion 45 and a downstream cylindrical portion 46 coupled to the fuel cell 10 via a pair of support blocks 84 and 87, and these The cylindrical parts 45 and 46 are heated by the heat of the fuel cell 10. Moreover, the injector 35 arrange | positions the spherical part 51 used as a gas inlet in the perpendicular direction upper side with respect to the spherical part 52 used as a gas outlet.

In addition, the support blocks 84 and 87 are coupled to the end plate 72 of the fuel cell 10 by three fastening portions 90, 91 and 92 as a whole. The two fastening portions 91 and 92 engaged with the end plate 72 extend in the extending direction of the engaging portions 74a and 75a shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the end plates 72 of the tension plates 74 and 75. Are arranged in parallel.

In addition, although the support blocks 84 and 87 may be combined with the end plate 72 by 4 points instead of 3 points as a whole, the injector 35 cannot be stably supported at 2 points or less, and is supported at 5 points or more. Since there are too many locations and the possibility of causing loosening of a fastening part by deformation of the end plate 72 etc. becomes high, neither is preferable.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the hydrogen supply flow path 31 produced | generated from the hydrogen tank 30 provided in the back part of the motor vehicle V is carried out under the floor of the passenger compartment C of the motor vehicle V by the engine compartment. Guided into the EC, introduced into the stack case 76 via a hole 94 formed in the bottom surface 76d of the stack case 76, and as shown in FIG. 6, the upper side through the injector 35. It is connected to the support block 84 of. In this way, the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 connected to the support block 84 communicates with the hole 85, and communicates with the sphere 51 of the injector 35 via the hole 85.

In addition, the hydrogen supply flow path 31 has a U-shaped metal pipe portion 95 connected to the support block 84 and connected to the support block 84, and the pipe portion 95. It is divided into the insulated piping part 96 which consists of an elastic body connected, and the metal piping part (entrance side piping) 97 connected to this insulated piping part 96. As shown in FIG. The insulated pipe portion 96 electrically insulates the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 connecting the high-potential fuel cell 10 and the body earthed hydrogen tank 30 to the insulated pipe portion 96. ) Is disposed in the stack case 76.

Moreover, the piping part 97 inserted into the hole part 94 of the lower surface 76d of the stack case 76 is fastened together by the fastening part 91 which fixes the support block 87 to the end plate 72. FIG. The intermediate portion is fixed by the bracket 98. This is for stabilizing the attitude | position of the piping part 97 in which the attitude | position is not stabilized as it is because the insulated piping part 96 is an elastic body.

And in 1st Embodiment, the injector 35 is integrally provided with the opening valve 110 which is a gas element component responding to the physical quantity of the hydrogen gas which distributes the hydrogen supply flow path 31. As shown in FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, in the support block 87 for supporting the cylindrical portion 46 on the downstream side of the injector 35, the end plate is located from the midway position of the hole portion 88 along the vertical direction therein. The communication hole 111 is formed in parallel with 72, and sags forward, and the opening valve 110 is provided by arrange | positioning the internal passage 112 on the extension of this communication hole 111. As shown in FIG.

The inner passage 112 of the open valve 110 has a small diameter hole 113 arranged in order from the communication hole 111 side, and a taper hole that becomes larger as it is separated from the small diameter hole 113. The cover member 114 and the large diameter hole part 115 of diameter larger than the small diameter hole part 113, and a cover member on the opposite side to the small diameter hole part 113 of the large diameter hole part 115 116 is fitted.

The cover member 116 is provided with a plurality of openings 117 for opening the inner passage 112 to the outside of the hydrogen supply passage 31, and is provided between the cover member 116 and the tapered hole 114. On the tapered hole 114 side, a spherical valve body 118 is disposed, and a spring 119 is disposed between the valve body 118 and the lid member 116, respectively.

In the support block 87 by the hole portion 88 and the communication hole 111, the oil passage portion 122 formed in the hole portion 88 along the vertical direction, and formed in the communication hole 111 to supply oil A branch flow path portion 123 branching from the furnace portion 122 toward the open valve 110 is provided, and the branch flow passage portion 123 extends slightly forward along the orthogonal direction with respect to the oil passage portion 122. It is. In addition, the oil passage 122 extends downward from the branch position of the branch flow path 123.

In addition, the opening 117 of the cover member 116 runs forward along the communication hole 111, and is downward in the horizontal direction. In addition, the diameter phi A of the communication hole 111 is larger than the minimum diameter phi B of the hole 88. That is, the passage cross-sectional area of the communication hole 111 is wider than the passage cross-sectional area of the oil passage 122 in the hole 88.

In such an open valve 110, when the pressure of the hydrogen supply flow path 31 is below a predetermined pressure smaller than the force of the spring 119, the valve body 118 is tapered by the force of the spring 119. If the pressure of the hydrogen supply flow path 31 becomes higher than the said predetermined pressure, without contacting the 114 and opening the hydrogen supply flow path 31, the valve body 118 will taper against the force of the spring 119. The hydrogen supply flow passage 31 is communicated with the outside air from the hole 114.

In front of the gas discharge direction from the opening 117 of the opening valve 110, the diffusion plate 125 which decelerates and diffuses the gas discharged from the opening 117 is provided. The plurality of blade portions 126 are fixed to the end plate 72 and form a mountain shape having a high central height and bend in the same direction radially from the center as shown in FIG. 7. Has formed a shape.

According to the fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment described above, the injector 35 has an opening valve 110 which is a gas element part in response to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the hydrogen supply flow passage 31. Since it is installed in close proximity to each other, it is possible to suppress the response delay of the open valve 110 against the pressure fluctuation caused by the injector 35. Therefore, when the pressure of the hydrogen gas after adjustment with the injector 35 on the upstream side of the opening valve 110 in the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 becomes a predetermined pressure, the opening valve 110 immediately responds, that is, opens and supplies hydrogen. The pressure of the flow path 31 can be evacuated to outside air, and the disadvantage which arises when this pressure exceeds predetermined pressure can be suppressed.

Moreover, since the opening valve 117 is provided in the support block 87 which supports the downstream side of the injector 35 so that the opening valve 110 may face downward with respect to a horizontal, Even if a droplet adheres to the opening port 117 side, the droplet flows down to its own weight, and the adhesion to the valve body 118 is suppressed.

In addition, a branch flow path portion in which the open valve 110 branches from the main oil passage 122 and the oil passage 122 to the open valve 110 side in the support block 87 supporting the downstream side of the injector 35. 123 is provided, and since the oil passage 122 extends below the branched position of the branch passage 123, the circulation passage 32 provided downstream of the passage passage 122 is provided. Even when hydrogen-off gas having high humidity from the fuel cell 10 is introduced, it is possible to suppress the condensation water generated by the water vapor from the open valve 110. Therefore, freeze fixation which occurs in the open valve 110 can be suppressed.

In addition, since the diffusion plate 125 is provided at the gas outlet of the opening 117 of the opening valve 110, the hydrogen gas is decelerated and diffused into the diffusion plate 125 when the opening valve 110 is opened. do. Therefore, it is possible to suppress breakage of other parts due to high discharge gas flow rate.

In addition, since the flow path cross-sectional area of the branch flow path portion 123 branched from the flow path 122 to the open valve 110 side is wider than the flow path cross-sectional area of the flow path 122 provided in the support block 87, When hydrogen gas flows from the injector 35 at a large flow rate due to sticking in the open state of the injector 35 or the like, it is possible to flow more toward the open valve 110 side to discharge the hydrogen supply passage 31 out of the fuel cell. The application of pressure to (10) can be made small.

In addition, since the branch flow path portion 123 is extended in the direction substantially orthogonal to the main flow passage portion 122, the opening valve 110 communicating with the branch flow path portion 123 opens and closes the injector 35. It becomes difficult to receive the dynamic pressure of the hydrogen gas, and as a result, the valve opening pressure of the opening valve 110 can be made lower. Therefore, deterioration of components with low internal pressure, such as the fuel cell 10, can be suppressed. Alternatively, the weight can be reduced by lowering the internal pressure of the fuel cell 10.

In the fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 8, the main body portion 47 of the injector 35 is placed on the end plate 72 on which the injector 35 is disposed. The concave portion 100 into which the portion is partially formed, and arrange the hard curved plate-shaped sound insulation material 101 so as to cover the injector 35, and at the same time, the concave portion 100, the sound insulation material 101, and the injector 35. The clearance gap with may be filled with a soft elastic body (soft layer) 102.

As a result, the elastic body 102 is installed between the injector 35 and the fuel cell 10, and part of the injector 35 is embedded in the fuel cell 10. In addition, the sound insulating material 101 and the elastic body 102 constitute a sound absorption cover 103 covering the injector 35.

Moreover, the control signal communication signal line connection connector 104 provided in the injector 35 is arrange | positioned in parallel with the mounting surface 72a of the injector 35 in the end plate 72, and this of the signal line connection line connector 104 is carried out. The bent part 105 which is a connection part with a signal line may be made parallel to the mounting surface 72a. In addition to this, an opening 106 for exposing the signal line connecting connector 104 to the outside may be formed in the sound insulating material 101 on the end plate 72 side.

In addition, the sound absorbing cover 103 made of the sound insulating material 101 and the elastic body 102 may be provided so as to cover the opening valve 110 at the same time as the injector 35. The gas discharge sound of can be suppressed.

Next, the fuel cell system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described centering on the difference from the first embodiment.

In the fuel cell system 1 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the opening valve of the first embodiment is not provided, and the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 bypasses the injector 35. An open valve 131 having a pass flow path 130, which is a gas element component corresponding to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the hydrogen supply flow path 31, is provided in the bypass flow path 130. 131 is integrally provided with the injector 35.

The opening valve 35 opens at a predetermined pressure, and is a relief valve that connects the upstream side and the downstream side of the injector 35 without passing through the injector 35 at the time of opening. And in 2nd Embodiment, this opening valve 131 supports the support block 84 which supports the cylindrical part 45 of the upstream of the injector 35, and the support of the cylindrical part 46 of the downstream. It is supported by the block 87, and these support blocks 84 and 87 are combined.

That is, the upper support block 84 of 2nd Embodiment is formed in wider width | variety along the end plate 72 than 1st Embodiment, and is parallel with the hole part 85 which supports the cylindrical part 45. FIG. The fitting hole 133 is formed so that this fitting hole 133 and the hole part 85 communicate with the communication hole 134 orthogonal to these.

In addition, the lower support block 87 is also formed in a wider width along the end plate 72 than in the first embodiment, and is fitted in parallel with the hole portion 88 that supports the cylindrical portion 46 ( 136 is formed, and this fitting hole 136 and the hole part 88 communicate with the communication hole 137 which cross | intersects these. The communication hole 137 is inclined to be located on the lower side of the hole portion 88 side.

In the open valve 131, flange portions 141 and 142 are formed at both ends of the case 140, and the fitting side of the support block 84 is fitted at the end side of the flange portion 141. 133 is bolted to the support block 84 in the flange portion 141, and the end side of the flange block 142 is fitted to the fitting hole 136 of the support block 87 in the state where it is fitted. It is bolted to the support block 87 by this flange part 142 in the state fitted. Moreover, the O-ring 143 which seals a clearance gap is attached to the contact surface with respect to the flange part 141, 142 of each support block 84, 87. As shown in FIG.

Moreover, the sound insulation material 101 is provided between the said support blocks 84 and 87 so that both the injector 35 and the opening valve 131 may be covered. This sound insulation material 101 is provided in the end plate 72, and the elastic body 102 is filled between this sound insulation material 101 and an end plate. That is, the injector 35 and the opening valve 131 are covered with the sound absorption cover 103 made of the sound insulation material 101 and the elastic body 102.

According to the fuel cell system 1 according to the second embodiment described above, the injector 35 has an opening valve 131 which is a gas element part corresponding to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the hydrogen supply flow passage 31. Since it is installed and arranged in close proximity, the response delay of the opening valve 131 to the pressure fluctuation caused by the injector 35 can be suppressed.

Therefore, when the pressure of the hydrogen gas on the upstream side of the injector 35 becomes a predetermined pressure due to the injector 35, the opening valve 131 immediately responds, i.e. opens, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen supply flow passage 31. It is possible to retract to the downstream side of the injector 35, and the disadvantage that occurs when this pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure can be suppressed.

Moreover, since the opening valve 131 is supported by the support block 84 which supports the upstream side of the injector 35, and the support block 87 which supports the downstream side, the support mechanism of the opening valve 131 is supported. It can be integrated, simplifying component parts.

In addition, since the opening valve 131 couples the support block 84 for supporting the upstream side of the injector 35 and the support block 87 for supporting the downstream side, The opening mechanism 131 also serves as a connecting mechanism, and the component parts can be simplified.

Moreover, since the opening valve 131 is arrange | positioned inside the sound absorption cover 103 which consists of the sound insulation material 101 and the elastic body 102 which cover the injector 35, it becomes difficult to produce a temperature difference with the injector 35, Condensation is less likely to occur, and fouling is suppressed.

In addition, the flanges 141 and 142 are not provided in the open valve 131, but male threads are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the open valve 131, and female threads are formed in the support blocks 84 and 87 to screw them. In this case, a color for inserting the opening valve 131 inwardly between the support blocks 84 and 87 is provided, and the color is held between the support blocks 84 and 87 to support the opening valve 131. By a fastening force.

Next, the fuel cell system 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described centering on the difference from the first embodiment.

In the third embodiment, the opening valve of the first embodiment is not provided, and as shown in FIG. 10, the injector 35 as a gas element part responding to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the hydrogen supply flow passage 31. The primary side pressure sensor 41 for defining the feed forward term of the opening and closing control and the secondary side pressure sensor 43 for defining the feedback term are integrally provided in the injector 35. Of course, you may provide the opening valve of 1st Embodiment or the opening valve of 2nd Embodiment in 3rd Embodiment.

In the support block 84 for supporting the cylindrical portion 45 on the upstream side of the injector 35, the end plate 72 in a direction (orthogonal direction) intersecting with the hole portion 85 along the vertical direction therein. The screw hole 145 is formed in parallel with this, and the pressure sensor 41 is screwed to the screw hole 145 from the outside.

Here, the screw hole 145 communicates with a space constituting a part of the hydrogen supply flow passage 31 formed by the O-ring 86 of the hole 85 and the injector 35, and the primary pressure sensor. The detection part 41a of the tip of 41 detects the pressure of the upstream side of the injector 35 in the hydrogen supply flow path 31 via the screw hole 145. As shown in FIG.

In addition, the support block 87 supporting the cylindrical portion 46 on the downstream side of the injector 35 has an end plate (in a direction perpendicular to the hole portion 88 along the vertical direction thereof). A screw hole 146 is formed in parallel with 72, and a pressure sensor 43 is screwed into the screw hole 146 from the outside.

Here, the screw hole 146 communicates with a space constituting a part of the hydrogen supply passage 31 formed by the O ring 89 and the injector 35 of the hole 88, and the pressure sensor 43. The detection part 43a of the tip of () detects the pressure of the direct downstream side of the injector 35 in the hydrogen supply flow path 31 via the screw hole 146.

According to the fuel cell system 1 according to the third embodiment described above, the pressure sensors 41 and 43, which are gas element components corresponding to the physical quantity of the reaction gas flowing through the hydrogen supply flow passage 31, are applied to the injector 35. Since they are integrally installed and arranged in close proximity, the response delay of the pressure sensors 41 and 43 to the pressure fluctuations caused by the injector 35, that is, the pressure detection of the primary pressure sensor 41 and the secondary pressure sensor The time delay of the pressure detection of (43) can be suppressed.

Therefore, as described above, the control delay of the injector 35 controlled based on the detected pressure value of the primary side pressure sensor 41 and the detected pressure value of the secondary side pressure sensor 43 can be suppressed.

Claims (13)

The fuel cell, the reaction gas pipe for supplying the reaction gas to the fuel cell, and the valve body are driven at a predetermined drive cycle with an electromagnetic driving force and separated from the valve seat to adjust the gas state on the upstream side of the reaction gas pipe downstream. A fuel cell system having an injector for supplying to a side, A support block for supporting the injector, A gas element component responsive to the pressure of the reaction gas flowing through the reaction gas pipe, The gas element component is installed in the support block. The method of claim 1, And the gas element component is an open valve that opens at a predetermined pressure. 3. The method of claim 2, And the opening valve connects the downstream side of the injector and the outside of the reaction gas pipe when the opening valve is opened. 3. The method of claim 2, And the opening valve connects an upstream side and a downstream side of the injector at the time of opening. The method of claim 3, The support block supports a downstream side of the injector, A fuel cell system, characterized in that the opening outside the reaction gas pipe is directed downward. The method of claim 5, A fuel cell system, characterized in that a diffusion plate is provided in the gas discharge port from the opening. The method of claim 3, The support block supports a downstream side of the injector, And a branch flow path portion branched from the fuel flow path portion to the open valve side in the support block, wherein the fuel flow path portion extends below the branch position of the branch flow path portion. The method of claim 3, The support block supports a downstream side of the injector, And a flow path cross-sectional area of the branch flow path portion that is wider than the flow path cross-sectional area of the flow path portion is provided in the support block. The method of claim 3, The support block supports a downstream side of the injector, And a branch flow path portion branched from the fuel flow path portion to the open valve side in the support block, wherein the branch flow path portion extends in an approximately orthogonal direction with respect to the fuel flow path portion. The method of claim 4, wherein And the support block comprises a first support block supporting an upstream side of the injector and a second support block supporting a downstream side. The method of claim 4, wherein The support block is composed of a first support block supporting an upstream side of the injector and a second support block supporting a downstream side, And the opening valve couples the first support block and the second support block. 3. The method of claim 2, And the open valve is disposed inside a sound absorbing cover covering the injector. The method of claim 1, The gas element component is a fuel cell system, characterized in that the pressure sensor used to control the opening and closing of the injector.

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