KR100923109B1 - A combustion apparatus of solid fuel and operation control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a solid fuel combustion device and an operation control method for maintaining optimum combustion efficiency in a single or mixed combustion of wood fuel, solid carbonated fuel using forest and agricultural by-products, and RDF. The operation control method of the solid fuel combustion apparatus includes installing an infrared sensor at a predetermined interval in a height direction on both sides of a conveyor belt for conveying solid fuel to detect a height of fuel, and being fed by the conveyor belt to feed a screw feeder. Installing a piezoelectric sensor in the center of the three places from the first lower part of the lower part to detect the weight of the fuel, and calculating the amount of heat per unit weight by estimating the fuel mixing ratio from the infrared sensor and the piezoelectric sensor signal and the combustion chamber Measuring the upper temperature of the, and by interlocking each step of the control step of controlling the upper temperature of the combustion chamber within a predetermined range comprises the step of optimally controlling the combustion system to be high efficiency.

Wood fuel, biomass, wood-chip, RDF, solid fuel, solid carbon fuel, combustion control.

Description

A combustion apparatus of solid fuel and operation control method

The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion device and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to optimally use wood fuel, solid carbonized fuel using forest and agricultural by-products, and refrigerated fuel (RDF) alone or in mixed combustion. The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustion device and an operation control method for maintaining the combustion efficiency thereof.

In order to cope with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, woods obtained through natural or timber that are naturally discarded in nature, such as Sweden and Austria, which are rich in forest resources, are used for cogeneration. It is actively utilized as. In addition, in the UK, wood, reeds and corn stalks are actively used as cogeneration fuels, and in Korea, they are currently used as cogeneration fuels in Seodaegu Industrial Complex using fuel made of wood chips.

In addition, with the Kyoto Protocol officially entering into force in February 2005, countries around the world are striving to develop and disseminate renewable energy, a fundamental measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Leading industrialized countries in Europe have been promoting renewable energy commercialization since the early 1990s, resulting in up to 50% of thermal energy demand in the Biomass District Heating Plants (BMDH) system using biomass.

Wood biomass woodchips contain ash content of 3 ~ 5wt%, but there is no technical problem to use them as fuel, and their usage is increasing because they do not need a separate drying process because of low water content. . Among the units in the BMDH system, fuel transport and input devices are widely used as conveyors and screw feeders, and combustion furnaces are generally used as moving grate combustion furnaces.

Conventional techniques related to burning wood-based fuels and solid carbide fuels include Patent Registration No. 10-0530186 (registered on November 15, 2005, "Solid Fuel Combustion Device", hereinafter referred to as "Patent 1"), and practical use. Registration of new model No. 20-0193841 (registered on Aug. 16, 2000, "Combustion apparatus to maximize thermal efficiency", hereinafter referred to as "registration proposal") and patent registration No. 10-0710491 (April 16, 2007) For example, the "waste incineration system and waste incineration method", hereinafter referred to as "registered patent 2".

The patent 1 is a combustion device for burning food waste after solidifying it, and a structure for supplying solid fuel solidified through a screw feeder into the combustion furnace of the combustion device regardless of the type and size of the fuel injected. It is. In addition, the registration proposal is a combustion device of a boiler using combustion waste generated from wood or other rural areas, and when fuel is injected into the combustion unit of the combustion device, it is supplied through a screw feeder, but rotation is performed in the combustion chamber. While the particles are to be introduced from the smallest, the larger particles are structured to be introduced into the combustion chamber while burning through the input unit. However, both of the patents 1 and the registered proposals are made by continuously supplying fuel into the combustion furnace without considering the combustion state in the combustion furnace when the solid fuel is injected into the combustion furnace (combustion chamber) from the outside. There is a great risk of instability in the combustion chamber.

On the other hand, Patent No. 2 is configured to optimally control the combustion state by controlling the amount of inlet air by measuring the internal temperature and the exhaust gas oxygen concentration of the zinc chamber having a pyrolysis furnace, a zinc chamber, a char combustion chamber and a combustion chamber. However, even in the case of Registered Patent 2, when the waste wood-waste plastic mixed waste is combusted compared to the case where only the waste wood is combusted, the difference in temperature is more than about 150 degrees C (FIG. 2 and FIG. See the related description). In this case, when these mixed fuels are added to the fuel for the boiler after the waste wood fuel, the boiler load fluctuates rapidly due to the combustion temperature difference, and thus it is difficult to use the boiler system in which the load fluctuation is kept constant.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solid fuel combustion apparatus capable of maintaining an optimal combustion efficiency when burning solid carbon fuel and RDF mixed solid fuel using wood-based biomass wood chips as well as forest and agricultural by-products. And to provide a driving control method thereof.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel combustion control device and an optimum operation control in which the combustion efficiency of a combustion device becomes high in the combustion of a solid carbon fuel and a solid fuel mixed with RDF in addition to woody biomass fuels. In providing a method.

Still another object of the present invention is to calculate the calorie value according to the specific gravity of the solid fuel introduced into the combustion furnace, the fuel input rate, the combustion in the combustion chamber by adapting the calorie of the input fuel and the combustion temperature in the combustion furnace Disclosed is a solid fuel combustor and an operation control method for combusting a solid fuel at an optimum combustion efficiency by adjusting an air amount.

The solid fuel includes solid carbonized fuel using wood from biomass wood chips, RDF or rice straw or corn stalks, sorghum, by-products and thinning of fruit trees.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel inlet, a combustion air inlet, and an ash outlet, respectively, formed on one side of an upper side and a lower side of a side, and a combustion chamber having a predetermined size is provided therein, and at a speed that responds to a moving control signal. A combustion furnace body having a moving grate for transferring the solid fuel introduced into the fuel inlet to the ash outlet and a temperature sensor for sensing an upper temperature of the combustion chamber; A fuel volume detector which transfers the solid fuel stored in the fuel reservoir to the fuel inlet side of the combustion furnace body at a speed corresponding to a transfer control signal, and detects the apparent volume of the transferred solid fuel and outputs it as a volume reduction signal of the solid fuel. A fuel transfer device having a built-in; Installed between the fuel feeder and the fuel inlet of the combustion furnace body to supply the conveyed solid fuel to the fuel inlet at a speed corresponding to a fuel inlet control signal, and detect the weight of the fuel supplied to the fuel inlet. A screw feeder having a fuel weight detector configured to; A press-fit blower which press-fits and blows combustion air into the combustion air inlet of the combustion main body at a flow rate corresponding to a press-in blow air control signal; Supplying a transfer control signal corresponding to the basic specific gravity of the solid fuel and its heat amount to the fuel transfer device, calculating a calorie value according to the specific gravity of the fuel injected as the volume detection signal and the fuel weight detection signal of the detected solid fuel, The transfer control signal is adjusted according to the calculated calorific value of the input fuel, and the transfer control signal, the fuel input control signal, and the press-in blowing control signal are added or subtracted according to the detected combustion chamber upper temperature and the specific gravity of the injected solid fuel. Characterized in that it consists of a control unit belonging.

An air inlet for supplying the combustion air supplied by the press injection blower is formed at the lower portion of the combustion furnace main body to blow air from the lower portion of the combustion chamber to the upper portion by the press injection blow air of the press injection blower.

At the end of the combustion reaction zone in the combustion chamber of the combustion body, a ash flow preventing wall having a predetermined height is formed to dissipate the momentum of air and ash to prevent the ash from flowing into the combustion reaction zone.

Preferably, the fuel volume sensor is a vertical pole installed on the left and right of the conveyor belt surrounding the two rotary rollers, and is installed at equal intervals on opposite sides of the vertical pole to be carried on the conveyor belt It consists of a number of infrared sensors that detect the apparent volume of solid fuel.

Preferably the vertical installation interval of the infrared sensors is preferably set to 3 ~ 5cm.

The fuel weight sensor is a piezoelectric sensor attached to the corresponding position in the lower center between the screw tube and the screw blade inserted into the piezoelectric sensor for generating a voltage corresponding to the weight of the solid fuel transported by the screw blade ( piezoelectric sensor).

According to another aspect of the present invention, the operation control method of a solid fuel combustion device is very suitable for a combustion device having a fuel feeder and an input device, a conveyor and a screw feeder, and a combustion furnace having a tilting moving grate. It is usefully applied, the step of detecting the height of the solid fuel transported through the conveyor belt by installing an infrared sensor at regular intervals in the vertical direction of the left and right of the belt of the conveyor; Installing a piezoelectric sensor in a lower portion between the blades of the screw feeder to detect the weight of the solid fuel introduced into the combustion furnace by rotating the blades; Calculating specific gravity of the solid fuel injected by the detected volume and weight of the solid fuel, and calculating calories per unit weight based on the calculated specific gravity of the solid fuel; Sensing an upper temperature in the combustion furnace and controlling an input amount of combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace and a conveying speed of the conveyor and screw feeder such that the detected upper temperature of the combustion furnace follows a preset tolerance range; Characterized in that made.

In another aspect of the present invention, the operation control method of the combustion device is a fuel transport and the input device is a conveyor and a screw feeder, the fuel inlet is formed on one side and the combustion air inlet on the upper and lower sides of the fuel inlet A method for controlling the operation of a solid fuel combustion apparatus comprising a combustion furnace having a tilted moving grate in which a fuel cell is formed, the method comprising: (a) a reference specific gravity and calorific value at a time of inputting wood-based biomass wood-chip fuel Setting a initial feed rate of the conveyor; (b) sensing the volume of solid fuel conveyed through the conveyor and the weight of solid fuel introduced into the combustion chamber by the screw feeder; (c) calculating the specific gravity (density) of the solid fuel based on the volume and weight of the solid fuel detected in the step (b), and inputting the solid fuel as the density-calorie table preset based on the calculated specific gravity value. Calculating a calorific value of; (d) adjusting a conveying speed of the conveyor by a ratio between the calculated calorific value of input fuel and the reference calorific value; (e) sensing an upper temperature in the furnace; (f) the specific gravity value of step (a), the specific gravity value of solid fuel calculated in step (c), and the value of the tolerance range of the upper temperature and the predetermined target temperature in the combustion furnace detected in step (e). And controlling the air inlet amount supplied to the air inlet formed at the upper portion of the fuel inlet side and the lower portion of the moving grate.

The operation control method of the solid fuel combustion device is to reduce the feed rate of the conveyor, screw feeder and moving great according to the magnitude of the specific gravity of the wood-based biomass wood-chip fuel and the specific gravity calculated in step (c). It further comprises belonging step.

According to the present invention, by using the infrared sensor installed on the fuel transfer conveyor, the piezoelectric sensor installed on the screw feeder automatically calculates the density of the solid fuel, that is, specific gravity, and automatically derives the calorific value per unit solid fuel weight, thereby moving the conveyor speed, By automatically adjusting the air inlet speed in the combustion chamber, the combustion device can be operated at maximum efficiency. As a result, if only the density and calories of solid fuels such as wood-based biomass wood chips, solid carbon fuels, and solid fuel products RDF are initially set, the amount of heat of fuel input to the combustion apparatus in whatever proportion these fuels are mixed It is possible to calculate the feed rate and the air injection speed into the combustion chamber automatically, so that the optimum combustion efficiency can be obtained without fluctuation of combustion load.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention described below are intended to sufficiently convey the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is noted that technical components and detailed descriptions that are obvious in the technical field of a combustion apparatus for burning solid fuel are omitted.

1 is a block diagram of a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel transport and input is a fuel transfer device 32 consisting of a conveyor, screw feeder 34 is used, the tilting moving grate (moving grate) It is an example configured to include a combustion furnace body 10 having a inside.

FIG. 2 is an exemplary view of a fuel volume detector installed inside the fuel transfer device 32 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an exemplary view of a fuel weight detector installed inside the screw feeder 34 shown in FIG. 1. 4A and 4B are a plan view and a front view according to an installation example of the ash shatterproof wall shown in FIG. 1. 5 is a control block diagram of a solid fuel combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screw feeder 34 of Figure 1, the press-fit blowers (36, 38, 40), the opening and closing valves (42, 44, 46) ) Is a diagram showing a configuration for controlling the operation of the moving great 20. 6 is a control flowchart of a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 is a combustion picture showing the combustion state of the solid carbon fuel using wood-based biomass, the combustion flame (flame) is formed in the central portion It shows that the ash after burning out is formed.

Before the operation of the combustion apparatus and the operation control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the photographs of FIGS. 1 to 6 and 7, the fuel reservoir 32 shown in FIG. First of all, the solid fuel used for cogeneration is first examined.

In general, wood-based biomass wood-chips used for cogeneration have an average volume of about 2 cm ³ , calories about 3000 kcal / kg, and specific gravity about 0.3. In addition, RDF, a solid fuel product generally produced in Korea, has an average volume of about 6 cm ³ , calories of about 4,300 kcal / kg, and specific gravity of about 0.5.

On the other hand, the wood-based solid carbide fuel disclosed in the manufacturing method of the solid carbide fuel using the wood-based biomass patented to the applicant [patent registration No. 10-0779421, Nov. 20, 2007 registration] calorific value 6,000 ~ 7,500kcal / kg, specific gravity is approximately 0.7 and volume varies depending on the shape, but, for example, the length between two opposite sides is 20mm and can be approximately 12.5cm ³ when it has the shape of regular hexagon pillar.

Solid fuels such as wood-based biomass wood-chips, RDF, and solid carbide fuels are stored alone or in an appropriate amount in the fuel reservoir 30 of FIG.

When the combustion apparatus of FIG. 1 having the control panel as shown in FIG. 5 is operated, the control unit CON shown in FIG. 5 is a reference for inputting wood-based biomass wood chip fuel from the internal memory MEM in step S10 of FIG. 6. Read the values of specific gravity (B _SG ) and reference calorific value (H _B ). The control unit CON reads the value of the initial conveyor conveyance speed Vcon of the fuel transport device 32 from the memory MEM and drives the conveyor conveyance motor 60 shown in FIG. 5. When the conveyor transfer motor 60 is driven, the conveyor belt 62 is transferred by the rotation of the conveyor drive rollers 60a and 60b shown in FIG. 2, so that the solid fuel 68 placed thereon is transferred.

When the solid fuel 68 stored in the fuel reservoir 30 of FIG. 1 starts to be transported by the conveyor belt 62, vertically installed at one end of the left and right sides of the conveyor belt 62 as shown in FIG. A fuel volume sensor 66 of FIG. 5 composed of infrared sensors 66A installed at regular intervals (for example several locations at about 5 cm height) relative to the vertical direction of the pole 64 is mounted on the conveyor belt 62. The height of the solid fuel 68 that is released and conveyed is sensed. That is, the detection signal corresponding to the apparent volume of the solid fuel 68 is detected by the infrared sensor 66A.

In general, the infrared sensor 66A changes the output voltage according to the distance and presence of an obstacle, so using this characteristic, the infrared sensor 66A is compared with the case where the fuel is not accumulated in the place where the fuel is accumulated on the conveyor belt 62. Since the voltage received by the light-receiving part of the power supply is high, it is possible to detect to what height the fuel is accumulated in the conveyor belt 62. By such detection, the fuel volume detector 66 provides a volume detection signal corresponding to the apparent volume of the solid fuel to the control unit CON.

The solid fuel 68 transferred by the fuel transfer device 32 is a fuel inlet provided on one side of the combustion furnace body 10 of FIG. 1 by the rotation of the fuel screw feeder 34 having the configuration as shown in FIG. 3. Through 14, it is injected into the combustion chamber 18 therein. At this time, the fuel screw feeder 34 is provided with a fuel weight detector 72 composed of a piezoelectric sensor 72A as shown in FIG. That is, the fuel weight detector 72 is composed of a piezoelectric sensor 72A installed on the inner wall of the screw tube 71 corresponding to the lower center between the screw feed blades 70, the piezoelectric sensors 72A The weight of the solid fuel 68 transferred by the blade 70 is sensed and outputs a voltage proportional to the weight. In the figure of the embodiment of the present invention, it is shown that three places are provided from the fuel inlet 14 side.

The piezoelectric sensors 72A constituting the fuel weight sensor 72 generate a voltage proportional to the weight of the solid fuel 68 having a constant volume between the screw feeder blades 70. Therefore, if the output voltage value of the piezoelectric sensor 72A is known, the fuel weight can be inverted from a table of fuel weight voltage values measured in advance by changing the fuel input amount during the trial run or unburned of the combustion apparatus of FIG. 1.

As described above, the height of the solid fuel 68 placed on the conveyor belt 62 and conveyed is accumulated and the weight of the solid fuel 68 passing through the screw feeder 43 is measured. CON may calculate the specific gravity (density) A _SG of the solid fuel 68 introduced into the fuel inlet 14 of FIG. 1. Therefore, it is calculated through the iterative calculation of the specific gravity (A _SG ) of the solid fuel 68 as described above and different types of solid fuel 68, for example, wood-based biomass wood-chip, RDF, solid carbide fuel The calorific value of the solid fuel 68 introduced into each specific gravity and the calorific value is approximately obtained. The calorific value calculated according to the specific gravity (A _SG ) of the calculated solid fuel 68 is shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1] Calculated specific gravity and calorie value by each fuel fraction in total fuel 1

As can be seen in [Table 1], if the arithmetic mean value of calories is taken for the same specific gravity, it is as in Table 2, and comparing this average value with the calorific value (Hc) value for specific gravity values in Table 1 (for example, fuel average Specific gravity 0.5) It can be seen that the error range is within 5%.
[Table 2] Arithmetic mean value of calories for average fuel weight (fuel weight) in table 1

Therefore, the value of the arithmetic averaged calorific value is stored in the memory MEM of the control unit CON when the combustion apparatus of FIG. 1 is installed or when the type of fuel is suddenly changed. In addition to the method described above, the arithmetic mean value of the calories for the same specific gravity and the calorie value according to the specific gravity of each type of solid fuel 68 calculated by the experiment are tabulated and stored in the memory MEM of the control unit CON. Can also be applied.

As can be seen from Table 1, if the value of the calculated specific gravity (A _SG ) of the injected solid fuel 68 is large, it can be seen that the fraction of the RDF or the solid carbonized fuel is large, which is determined by the control unit CON. can do. In this case, when the specific gravity (A _SG ) of the solid fuel 68 to be injected is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 0.52), the control unit CON has a ratio of solid fuel having a high calorific value (Hc) of RDF or woody biomass. It is the basic data that can be judged to be higher than the ratio of wood chips.

On the other hand, the control unit (CON) performing the step S10 of FIG. 6 reads the output output from the fuel volume detector 66 in step S12 and calculates the apparent volume of the solid fuel 68 that is injected, in step S14 The weight of the solid fuel 68 is calculated by reading the output of the fuel weight sensor 72. Thereafter, the control unit CON calculates the average specific gravity A _SG of the solid fuel 68 introduced in step S16 by calculating the apparent volume value and the weight value calculated by the step S12 and the step S14. By the value of the calculated average specific gravity A _SG , the control unit CON calculates the average fuel calorific value Hc corresponding thereto from the memory MEM.

The control unit CON, which calculates the average fuel ratio A _SG and the average fuel calorific value Hc of the solid fuel 68 introduced in step S16, moves the conveyor belt 62 of the fuel transfer device 32 in step S18. The transfer control signal CVcon for transfer is calculated by the following [Equation 1].

[Equation 1]

In Equation 1, Vcon is the current conveying speed of the conveyor, H _B is the basic calorie value corresponding to the basic specific gravity (B _SG ) of the wood-based biomass, and H _C is the solid fuel (68) currently input in the process S16. Is the average fuel calories.

The control unit CON that calculates the transfer control signal Cvcon by the process S18 of FIG. 6 controls the rotation of the conveyor transfer motor 60 at the rotational speed of the calculated transfer control signal CVcon to input solid fuel. The conveyor belt 62 is controlled to rotate at a speed corresponding to the average fuel calorific value Hc.

Subsequently, the control unit CON is positioned above the combustion chamber 18 of the combustion body 10 in the process S20 of FIG. 6 to detect the temperature of the combustion chamber upper temperature sensor 22 of the combustion chamber upper temperature sensor 22. The Tcc: Temperature of combustion chamber (Tcc) value is read, and it is checked whether the combustion chamber upper temperature Tcc is within an error range (for example, 0.945 Ttarget ≤ Tcc ≤ 1.06 Ttarget) of the upper chamber target value Ttarget ± α.

If the combustion chamber upper temperature (Tcc) is a value within the error range of the upper combustion chamber target value (Ttarget ± α), the S20 process feeds back to the above-mentioned S12 process and simply calculates the specific gravity (A _SG ) of the solid fuel to be added. ratio as the amount of heat (Hc) and the reference amount of heat (H _B) of the solid fuel 68 is calculated by adjusting the feed rate of the conveyor belt (62).

If it is determined that the combustion chamber upper temperature Tcc is not within the error range of the combustion chamber upper target value Ttarget ± α (for example, 0.945 Ttarget ≤ Tcc ≤ 1.06 Ttarget) in the search of S20 of FIG. 6, the control unit CON ) Is the minimum value (0.945Ttarget) or maximum value (1.06Ttarget) of the combustion chamber kill target value of the upper combustion chamber target value (Ttarget ± α) detected by performing the processes S22, S24 and S26. The comparison between the solid fuel weight ratio (A _SG ) and the initial fuel reference weight ratio (B _SG ) was carried out, and the rotational speeds of the conveyor and screw feeder 34 of the fuel transfer device 32 were compared. , Acceleration and deceleration of the feed rate of the moving great 20.

For example, if the combustion chamber upper temperature (Tcc) is smaller than the lowest value 0.94Ttarget of the target temperature in step S22, and the calculated fuel weight (A _SG ) of the injected solid fuel is lower than the initial fuel weight (B _SG ), the control unit ( CON) conveys control signals for increasing the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 62, the screw feeder 43, and the moving great 20 by about 5% in step S30. The conveyor feed motor 60 of FIG. 5 and the screw feeder motor. 70M, it supplies to the moving great conveyance apparatus 50. FIG.

At this time, the conveyor transfer motor 60, the screw feeder motor 70M, the moving great transfer device 50 shown in FIG. 5 is a conveyor belt 62 in response to a feed speed control signal output from the control unit CON. ), Increase the feed speed of the screw feeder 34 and the moulding great (20). And after counting a predetermined time, for example, 10 seconds in step S34 and feeds back to the above-described step S20.

In the operation control process as described above, even if the control unit CON adjusts the fuel conveyor conveying speed CVcon by estimating the proportion of each fuel and adjusts the air speed (amount of air) that is press-injected and blown into the combustion chamber 18, This is because the state of combustion in (18) cannot be asserted optimally. Therefore, in the present invention, the upper temperature Tcc in the combustion chamber 18 is monitored in real time to control the optimum operation of the combustion body 10. For example, although the control unit CON adjusts the conveyor conveyance speed and the air ejection speed according to the calorific value Hc of the solid fuel calculated by the output values of the infrared sensor 66A and the piezoelectric sensor 72A, the combustion chamber ( 18, when the upper temperature Tcc does not approach the target temperature Ttarget, it may be determined that combustion is not optimal because the moving speed of the moving great 20 shown in FIG. 1 is not appropriate.

Thus, embodiments of the present invention, the upper temperature (Tcc) is the target temperature error range (0.945Ttarget ≤ Tcc ≤ 1.06Ttarget) Average specific gravity _(SG A), B (of the initial _SG-fuel ratio of the solid fuel 68 is injected is lower than the combustion chamber In case of lower than), the amount of solid fuel 68 introduced into the combustion chamber 18 is small, and thus it may be determined that the combustion heat capacity is small. Therefore, the conveyor transfer motor 60, the screw feeder 34, and the moving chamber in the combustion chamber While the speed of the Great 20 is sequentially reduced (for example, 5% of each machine feed rate), the upper temperature Tcc in the combustion chamber is monitored for a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds).

If it is determined that the average specific gravity (A _SG ) of the solid fuel (68) introduced in the steps S24 and S26 is higher than the initial fuel ratio (B _SG ), the control unit (CON) is a fraction of the RDF or solid carbon fuel. It can be seen that this is large, this content can be determined based on the table of [Table 1] stored in the memory (MEM) by the control unit (CON) to the database. In this case, the control unit CON can determine that the ratio of solid fuel with high calorie value is higher than the ratio of RDF or wood-based biomass wood-chip when the specific gravity of input fuel is more than a certain value (for example, 0.52). it means.

When it is determined that the average specific gravity (A _SG ) of the solid fuel 68 introduced in the steps S24 and S26 is higher than the initial fuel ratio (B _SG ), the control unit CON is the fuel screw peter 34 in the S32 process. Air blowing speeds of the press blowers 36 and 38 for pressurizing the combustion air into the combustion chamber 18 at the upper portion of the combustion chamber and the blower blower 40 for blowing the combustion air from the lower portion of the combustion chamber 18 to the inside thereof. To increase. At this time, the control unit (CON) decelerates the feed speed of the conveyor feed motor 60, the screw feeder 34 and the moving great 20 to transfer the solid fuel (68) by a constant speed. For example, the upper temperature Tcc of the combustion chamber 18 is raised by reducing the 5% during normal operation to increase the combustion amount of the solid fuel injected into the combustion chamber 18.

The reason for increasing the speed of the air ejected into the combustion chamber 18 as the ratio of the solid fuel contained in the solid fuel 68 introduced in the S32 process is, firstly, combustion of solid fuel having a high calorific value per unit volume Second, to maximize the radiant heat by preventing the ash formed on the outside of the fuel during the combustion of the solid carbon fuel to prevent exposure of the combustion flame inside the fuel.

As an example, the solid fuel combustion picture is shown in FIG. 7, but in the case of solid fuel combustion as shown in FIG. 7, the ash is completely surrounded by the inner combustion flame as compared to the general wood-based biomass or RDF.

When the ratio of solid fuel increases, increasing the amount of combustion air supplied into the combustion chamber 18 to blow ash outside the solid fuel increases combustion efficiency and heat transfer efficiency, but increases combustion air. Under the influence of the speed, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, the risk that the burned ash flows back into the combustion reaction zone in the combustion chamber 18 is increased. In order to prevent the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4A, and 4B, two ash scattering preventing walls 24 are formed at left and right sides of the combustion chamber 18 in the height direction at the ends of the combustion chamber 18. At the end of the combustion reaction zone, the momentum of air and ash is dissipated to prevent the ash shown in FIG. 7 from entering the combustion reaction zone.

In addition, as a result of the search of the process S24 and S26, although the fuel weight (A _SG ) is higher than the initial fuel weight (B _SG ), the upper chamber temperature (Tcc) in the combustion chamber has a target temperature error range (0.945Ttarget ≤ Tcc ≤ 1.06 In the case of out of Ttarget, the control unit CON determines that the fuel amount injected into the combustion chamber 18 is caused by incomplete combustion, and the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 18 by performing the above-described S32 process. By reducing the amount of solid fuel, the upper chamber temperature (Tcc) in the combustion chamber is brought within the error range of the target temperature Ttarget.

1 is a block diagram of a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an exemplary view of a fuel volume sensor installed in the fuel transfer device shown in FIG.

3 is an exemplary view of a fuel weight detector installed in the screw feeder shown in FIG.

4A and 4B are a plan view and a front view according to an installation example of the ash backflow prevention wall shown in FIG.

5 is a control block diagram of a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing a configuration for controlling the operation of the fuel screw feeder, pressurized blower, air control valve, moving grate of FIG.

6 is a control flowchart of a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is an operation program of the control unit shown in FIG.

7 is a combustion picture showing a combustion state of solid carbon fuel using wood-based biomass.

<< explanation of the code about part of drawing >>

10: combustion furnace body, 12: combustion air inlet,

14: fuel inlet, 16: ash outlet,

18: combustion chamber, 20: moving great,

22: temperature sensor in the upper part of the combustion chamber, 24: ash scattering prevention wall,

26, 28: combustion chamber bulkhead, 30: fuel reservoir,

32: fuel feeder, 34: screw feeder,

36, 38, 40: press-fit blower, 42-46: on-off valve,

50: moving great driver, 52: discharge driver,

60a, 60b: conveyor driving roller, 64: vertical pole,

66: fuel volume detector, 66a: infrared sensor,

68: solid fuel, 70: screw blade,

71: screw tube, 72: fuel weight detector,

72A: piezoelectric sensor, 74: ash,

CON: control unit, MEM: memory.

Claims (9)

In solid fuel combustion apparatus, A moving inlet is provided with a fuel inlet, a combustion air inlet, and a ash outlet at upper and lower portions, respectively, a combustion chamber having a predetermined size therein, and the solid fuel injected into the fuel inlet at a speed in response to a moving control signal to the ash outlet. A combustion furnace body having a temperature sensor for sensing an upper temperature of the combustion chamber; A fuel transfer device configured to transfer a solid fuel stored in a fuel reservoir to a fuel inlet side of the combustion furnace body at a speed corresponding to a transfer control signal, and to include a fuel volume sensor configured to sense an apparent volume of the transferred solid fuel; A weight of the solid fuel provided between the fuel transfer device and the fuel inlet of the combustion furnace body to supply the transferred solid fuel to the fuel inlet at a speed corresponding to a fuel inlet control signal; A screw feeder incorporating a fuel weight sensor for sensing the weight; A press-fit blower which press-fits and blows the combustion air into the combustion air inlet of the combustion main body at a flow rate corresponding to the press-in blow air control signal; Supplying a transfer control signal corresponding to a basic specific gravity of the wood-based solid fuel and the reference heat amount to the fuel transfer device, and corresponding to the amount of heat according to the specific gravity of the fuel injected as the detected fuel volume detection signal and the fuel weight detection signal. And a control unit for adjusting the transfer control signal and accelerating and decelerating the transfer control signal, the fuel injection control signal, and the press-in blowing air control signal according to the detected combustion chamber upper temperature and the specific gravity of the solid fuel injected. Solid fuel combustion apparatus. According to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the combustion furnace main body is formed with an air inlet through which the combustion air supplied by the press-in blower blows the air from the lower part of the combustion chamber to the upper portion by the press-in blower of the press-in blower. Solid fuel combustion apparatus, characterized in that configured. The method of claim 1, wherein at the end of the combustion reaction zone in the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace body, ash scattering prevention walls of a predetermined height are formed to dissipate the momentum of air and ash to prevent the ash from flowing into the combustion reaction zone. Solid fuel combustion device characterized in that. According to claim 3, wherein the fuel volume detector is installed at predetermined intervals on the left and right of the conveyor belt for transporting the solid fuel placed on the top by wrapping the rotary rollers on both sides are carried on the conveyor belt Solid fuel combustion device comprising a plurality of infrared sensors for detecting the apparent volume of the solid fuel. 5. The solid fuel combustion device of claim 4, wherein the vertical installation intervals of the plurality of infrared sensors are 3 to 5 cm. The fuel weight sensor according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the fuel weight sensor is attached to a position corresponding to a lower portion of the center between the screw tube and the screw blade inserted thereto, and according to the weight of the solid fuel conveyed by the screw blade. Solid fuel combustion device comprising a piezoelectric sensor for generating a voltage. In the fuel transportation and input device, a conveyor and a screw feeder are used, and in the operation control method of the combustion device having the combustion furnace of the inclined moving great, Sensing the height of the solid fuel transported by installing infrared sensors at regular intervals in a vertical direction on the left and right sides of the conveyor belt of the conveyor; Detecting a weight of the solid fuel introduced into the combustion furnace by rotating the blade by installing a piezoelectric sensor at a lower portion between the blades of the screw feeder; Calculating specific gravity of the injected solid fuel based on the sensed volume and weight, and calculating calorie per unit weight based on the calculated specific gravity of the solid fuel; Detecting the upper temperature in the combustion furnace of the inclined moving great, and inputting the combustion air input and the conveyor and supplying the combustion furnace of the inclined moving great so that the detected upper temperature of the inclined moving great follows the preset tolerance range; Operation control method for a solid fuel combustion device characterized in that the step consisting of controlling the feed rate of the screw feeder. In the method of controlling the operation of a combustion apparatus comprising a inclined moving great combustion furnace having a conveyor and a screw feeder as a fuel transportation device and an input device, each having an air inlet for combustion formed on the fuel inlet side and the lower part, respectively. (a) setting a reference specific gravity and calorific value of the solid fuel when the woody biomass wood-chip fuel is input in response to the start of operation, and setting the initial conveyance speed of the conveyor; (b) sensing the volume of the solid fuel conveyed through the conveyor and the weight of the solid fuel fed by the screw feeder; (c) calculating the specific gravity (density) of the injected solid fuel based on the volume and weight of the solid fuel sensed in step (b), and setting the specific density-calorie table as the preset density-calorie table based on the calculated specific gravity value. Calculating a calorific value of the input solid fuel; (d) adjusting a conveying speed of the conveyor by a ratio between the calculated calorific value of input fuel and the reference calorific value; (e) sensing an upper temperature in the furnace; (f) the specific gravity value of step (a), the specific gravity value of solid fuel calculated in step (c), and the value of the tolerance range of the upper temperature and the predetermined target temperature in the combustion furnace detected in step (e). And controlling the air intake amount supplied to the air inlets formed on the upper and lower portions of the fuel inlet side, respectively. The method according to claim 8, wherein the step of accelerating and decelerating the conveying speeds of the conveyor, screw feeder and moving grate according to the magnitude of the specific gravity of the wood-based biomass wood-chip fuel and the value of the specific gravity calculated in step (c) Operation control method for a solid fuel combustion device characterized in that it further comprises.

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