KR100806427B1 - 무선 주파수 신호를 발생시키는 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선 주파수 신호를 발생시키는 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100806427B1 KR100806427B1 KR1020027006606A KR20027006606A KR100806427B1 KR 100806427 B1 KR100806427 B1 KR 100806427B1 KR 1020027006606 A KR1020027006606 A KR 1020027006606A KR 20027006606 A KR20027006606 A KR 20027006606A KR 100806427 B1 KR100806427 B1 KR 100806427B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- predistortion
- amplifier
- analog
- radio frequency
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/62—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for providing a predistortion of the signal in the transmitter and corresponding correction in the receiver, e.g. for improving the signal/noise ratio
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DC-RF 효율 = PRF/PDcamp > 0.8 * PRF/(PDCother + Pdcamp)에 제시된 바와 같이 증가된다.
Claims (9)
- 사전왜곡에 의해 무선 주파수 전력 증폭기를 선형화하는 방법에 있어서,a) 상기 증폭기에 의해 증폭될 디지털화된 기저-대역 입력 신호를 수신하는 단계,b) 증폭기 왜곡을 보상하기 위하여 상기 수신된 신호에 대해 디지털 사전왜곡을 수행하는 단계,c) 상기 디지털 사전왜곡 신호를 낮은 중간 주파수로 변환하는 단계,d) 상기 낮은 중간 주파수로 변환된 신호를 D/A 변환기를 통하여 아날로그 신호로 변환하는 단계,e) 무선 주파수 신호를 생성하기 위하여 아날로그 주파수 변환을 수행하는 단계,f) 상기 무선 주파수 신호에 대하여 아날로그 사전왜곡을 수행하는 단계, 및g) 상기 증폭기에 의해 아날로그 사전왜곡 신호를 증폭하는 단계를 포함하는 무선 주파수 전력 증폭기 선형화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 증폭기의 출력으로부터 에러 신호 성분을 추출하여 상기 증폭기의 에러 동작에 따라서 상기 사전왜곡된 신호를 조절하기 위하여 사용되도록 함으로써 아날로그 사전왜곡 단계를 적응형으로 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 주파수 전력 증폭기 선형화 방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 2 항에 있어서,상기 증폭기의 출력으로부터 에러 신호 성분을 추출하여 실시간 동작시 상기 증폭기의 에러 동작에 따라서 상기 사전왜곡 신호를 조절함으로써 디지털 사전왜곡의 단계를 적응형으로 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 주파수 전력 증폭기 선형화 방법.
- 무선 주파수(RF) 신호를 선형 증폭하기 위한 전력 증폭기에 있어서,a) 기저-대역 입력 신호를 수신하는 수단,b) 상기 입력 신호에 대해 디지털 사전왜곡을 수행하는 수단,c) 상기 디지털 사전왜곡 신호를 낮은 중간 주파수로 변환하는 수단,d) 단계 c)에 의해 얻어진 신호를 D/A 변환하는 수단,e) 무선 주파수(RF) 신호를 얻기 위하여 아날로그 주파수 변환을 수행하는 수단,f) 아날로그 사전왜곡을 수행하는 수단, 및g) 단계 f)의 신호에 대한 증폭을 수행하는 수단을 포함하는 무선 주파수 신호를 선형 증폭하기 위한 전력 증폭기.
- 무선 주파수(RF) 신호를 선형 증폭하기 위한 전력 증폭기에 있어서,a) 기저-대역 입력 신호를 수신하는 수단,b) 상기 수신된 입력 신호를 90°위상차를 갖는 두 개의 신호로 분할하는 수단,c) 단계 b)에서 얻어진 두 개의 분할된 신호 중 각각의 신호를 수신하며,c1) 각 신호의 디지털 사전왜곡용 수단,c2) 상기 디지털 사전왜곡 신호를 낮은 중간 주파수로 변환하는 수단,c3) 단계 c2)로부터 발생된 신호를 D/A 변환하는 수단,c4) 무선 주파수 신호를 발생시키기 위하여 단계 c3)로부터 발생된 신호에 대해 아날로그 주파수 변환을 수행하는 수단, 및c5) 단계 c4)로부터 발생된 신호에 대해 아날로그 사전왜곡을 수행하는 수단을 포함하는 제 1 및 제 2 경로 수단, 및d) 상기 수단(a-c)에 의해 처리된 신호를 결합하는 수단을 포함하는 무선 주파수 신호를 선형 증폭하기 위한 전력 증폭기.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99850179A EP1104093A1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 1999-11-24 | Method and apparatus for generation of a RF signal |
EP99850179.5 | 1999-11-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20020053090A KR20020053090A (ko) | 2002-07-04 |
KR100806427B1 true KR100806427B1 (ko) | 2008-02-21 |
Family
ID=8243774
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020027006606A KR100806427B1 (ko) | 1999-11-24 | 2000-11-23 | 무선 주파수 신호를 발생시키는 방법 및 장치 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6947711B1 (ko) |
EP (2) | EP1104093A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4679021B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100806427B1 (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE341855T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU1749201A (ko) |
DE (1) | DE60031160D1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2001039367A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE516847C2 (sv) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-03-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Sammansatt förstärkare samt sändare som innefattar en sådan förstärkare |
SE519220C2 (sv) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-02-04 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Predistortion med förbikopplingssignal |
US7058369B1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2006-06-06 | Pmc-Sierra Inc. | Constant gain digital predistortion controller for linearization of non-linear amplifiers |
JP3502087B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-14 | 2004-03-02 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | ハイブリッド歪補償方法およびハイブリッド歪補償装置 |
JP2004221646A (ja) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-08-05 | Nec Corp | ドハ−ティ増幅器 |
JP2004222151A (ja) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Nec Corp | ドハーティ増幅器 |
JP4033794B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-24 | 2008-01-16 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | 高効率線形電力増幅器 |
JP2004312344A (ja) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-11-04 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | 歪補償装置 |
CN100511972C (zh) * | 2004-06-18 | 2009-07-08 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 高效率放大器 |
US7193473B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-03-20 | Cree, Inc. | High power Doherty amplifier using multi-stage modules |
KR100756041B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-09-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 믹서를 이용한 도허티 증폭장치 및 송신기 |
US7831221B2 (en) | 2005-12-13 | 2010-11-09 | Andrew Llc | Predistortion system and amplifier for addressing group delay modulation |
US7856073B2 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2010-12-21 | Sigma Tel, Inc. | Digital gain adjustment in a wireless receiver |
JP4704936B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-08 | 2011-06-22 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | プリディストータ |
DE102006020831B4 (de) * | 2006-05-04 | 2014-08-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Regler für einen Hochfrequenzverstärker |
JP5242024B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-08 | 2013-07-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 歪補償装置、増幅装置、送信装置、歪補償方法 |
US7782765B2 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2010-08-24 | Harris Stratex Networks Operating Corporation | Distributed protection switching architecture for point-to-point microwave radio systems |
US8095088B2 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2012-01-10 | Harris Stratex Networks Operating Corporation | Compact wide dynamic range transmitter for point to point radio |
US8395256B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2013-03-12 | Harris Stratex Networks Operating Corporation | Packaging for low-cost, high-performance microwave and millimeter wave modules |
US8275071B2 (en) | 2007-05-17 | 2012-09-25 | Harris Stratex Networks Operating Corporation | Compact dual receiver architecture for point to point radio |
US7541868B2 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2009-06-02 | Andrew, Llc | Delay modulator pre-distortion circuit for an amplifier |
GB201103642D0 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-04-13 | Univ Bradford | Methods and systems for detection of liquid surface fluctuations |
US8548404B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-10-01 | Scintera Networks, Inc. | Linearization of power amplifiers through digital in-band predistortion followed by analog predistortion |
US9374044B2 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2016-06-21 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Architecture of nonlinear RF filter-based transmitter |
US8649745B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2014-02-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Adaptive predistortion for a non-linear subsystem based on a model as a concatenation of a non-linear model followed by a linear model |
US9819318B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2017-11-14 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Architecture of a low bandwidth predistortion system for non-linear RF components |
US8811532B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2014-08-19 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Architecture and the training method of a PA DPD system with space mapping applied in the predistorter |
JP2015099972A (ja) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 送信機モジュール |
JP2017046122A (ja) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 歪補償装置 |
CN110326214B (zh) | 2017-03-02 | 2023-06-23 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 失真补偿装置和失真补偿方法 |
US10454427B2 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-10-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | Power amplifier system and learning-based autotuning method thereof |
US10432240B1 (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2019-10-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Wireless devices and systems including examples of compensating power amplifier noise |
CN109921750B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2023-05-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | 一种基于有源负载调制的宽带功率放大器及其设计方法 |
US10763905B1 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2020-09-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Wireless devices and systems including examples of mismatch correction scheme |
US10972139B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2021-04-06 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Wireless devices and systems including examples of compensating power amplifier noise with neural networks or recurrent neural networks |
US11496341B2 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2022-11-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Wireless devices and systems including examples of compensating I/Q imbalance with neural networks or recurrent neural networks |
WO2023141444A1 (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-07-27 | Qorvo Us, Inc. | Hybrid predistortion in a wireless transmission circuit |
CN114915266B (zh) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-08-11 | 锐石创芯(深圳)科技股份有限公司 | 射频放大电路和射频前端模组 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4291277A (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1981-09-22 | Harris Corporation | Adaptive predistortion technique for linearizing a power amplifier for digital data systems |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3445551A1 (de) * | 1984-12-14 | 1986-06-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Verfahren zur adaptiven entzerrung von binaer codierten datensignalen |
US5049832A (en) | 1990-04-20 | 1991-09-17 | Simon Fraser University | Amplifier linearization by adaptive predistortion |
JPH0746049A (ja) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-14 | Toshiba Corp | 高周波線形電力増幅器 |
US5732333A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1998-03-24 | Glenayre Electronics, Inc. | Linear transmitter using predistortion |
US5898338A (en) | 1996-09-20 | 1999-04-27 | Spectrian | Adaptive digital predistortion linearization and feed-forward correction of RF power amplifier |
US5745006A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-04-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of compensating for distortion in an amplifier |
JPH10145161A (ja) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-29 | Nec Corp | プリディストーション自動調整回路 |
JPH10322137A (ja) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | プリディストーション型歪補償回路付送信装置 |
GB9804835D0 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-04-29 | Wireless Systems Int Ltd | Predistorter |
GB9804745D0 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-04-29 | Wireless Systems Int Ltd | Predistorter |
-
1999
- 1999-11-24 EP EP99850179A patent/EP1104093A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-11-23 AT AT00980198T patent/ATE341855T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-23 US US10/130,598 patent/US6947711B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-23 AU AU17492/01A patent/AU1749201A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-11-23 WO PCT/SE2000/002312 patent/WO2001039367A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-23 JP JP2001540922A patent/JP4679021B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-23 KR KR1020027006606A patent/KR100806427B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-23 DE DE60031160T patent/DE60031160D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-23 EP EP00980198A patent/EP1238455B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4291277A (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1981-09-22 | Harris Corporation | Adaptive predistortion technique for linearizing a power amplifier for digital data systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1238455B1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
AU1749201A (en) | 2001-06-04 |
US6947711B1 (en) | 2005-09-20 |
JP2003516013A (ja) | 2003-05-07 |
EP1238455A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
KR20020053090A (ko) | 2002-07-04 |
DE60031160D1 (de) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1104093A1 (en) | 2001-05-30 |
JP4679021B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
WO2001039367A1 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
ATE341855T1 (de) | 2006-10-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100806427B1 (ko) | 무선 주파수 신호를 발생시키는 방법 및 장치 | |
Katz et al. | The evolution of PA linearization: From classic feedforward and feedback through analog and digital predistortion | |
JP5591106B2 (ja) | デジタルハイブリッドモード電力増幅器システム | |
EP1463198B1 (en) | High-efficiency linear power amplifier | |
Woo et al. | A hybrid digital/RF envelope predistortion linearization system for power amplifiers | |
Liu et al. | Augmented Hammerstein predistorter for linearization of broad-band wireless transmitters | |
Yi et al. | Analog predistortion linearizer for high-power RF amplifiers | |
JP5761646B2 (ja) | 変調アグノスティック(agnostic)デジタルハイブリッドモード電力増幅器のシステム及び方法 | |
US6072364A (en) | Adaptive digital predistortion for power amplifiers with real time modeling of memoryless complex gains | |
US6963242B2 (en) | Predistorter for phase modulated signals with low peak to average ratios | |
US7683713B2 (en) | Predistorter | |
Boumaiza et al. | Adaptive digital/RF predistortion using a nonuniform LUT indexing function with built-in dependence on the amplifier nonlinearity | |
CN108347226B (zh) | 包络跟踪方法、系统及装置 | |
CN112042118A (zh) | 用于g类射频功率放大器的基带线性化的系统和方法 | |
Mkadem et al. | Extended Hammerstein behavioral model using artificial neural networks | |
Rahati Belabad et al. | A novel generalized parallel two-box structure for behavior modeling and digital predistortion of RF power amplifiers at LTE applications | |
Huttunen et al. | A 20-W Chireix outphasing transmitter for WCDMA base stations | |
Kumar et al. | Bandlimited DPD adapted APD for 5G communication | |
Beikmirza et al. | Power amplifier linearisation using digital predistortion and multi‐port techniques | |
Tunç et al. | Linearity issues in dual input doherty-outphasing hybrid power amplifier topology | |
Li et al. | Broadband power amplifiers behavioral modeling method based on instantaneous input power | |
Mohammadi et al. | RF power amplifier and linearization techniques | |
Woo et al. | Wideband predistortion linearization system for RF power amplifiers using an envelope modulation technique | |
KR100445326B1 (ko) | 디지털 신호처리장치(dsp)를 이용한 전력증폭기의선형화장치 | |
Ghannouchi | An S band RF digital linearizer for TWTAs and SSPAs |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PA0105 | International application |
Patent event date: 20020523 Patent event code: PA01051R01D Comment text: International Patent Application |
|
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
A201 | Request for examination | ||
PA0201 | Request for examination |
Patent event code: PA02012R01D Patent event date: 20051123 Comment text: Request for Examination of Application |
|
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20061103 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20070625 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20071127 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20080215 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20080215 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20110131 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20120130 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20130128 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20130128 Start annual number: 6 End annual number: 6 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20140128 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20140128 Start annual number: 7 End annual number: 7 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20150128 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20150128 Start annual number: 8 End annual number: 8 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20160126 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20160126 Start annual number: 9 End annual number: 9 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20170203 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20170203 Start annual number: 10 End annual number: 10 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20180131 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20180131 Start annual number: 11 End annual number: 11 |
|
PC1903 | Unpaid annual fee |
Termination category: Default of registration fee Termination date: 20201126 |