KR100619647B1 - 막 형성용 조성물, 막의 형성 방법 및 절연막 - Google Patents
막 형성용 조성물, 막의 형성 방법 및 절연막 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100619647B1 KR100619647B1 KR1020000056972A KR20000056972A KR100619647B1 KR 100619647 B1 KR100619647 B1 KR 100619647B1 KR 1020000056972 A KR1020000056972 A KR 1020000056972A KR 20000056972 A KR20000056972 A KR 20000056972A KR 100619647 B1 KR100619647 B1 KR 100619647B1
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- ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCLLLHFGVQKVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratert-butyl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C BCLLLHFGVQKVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FTWJZZHBSKNAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[2-[di(butan-2-yloxy)methylsilyl]ethyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(OC(C)CC)[SiH2]CC[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC FTWJZZHBSKNAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLPWIDSFARMZQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[2-tri(butan-2-yloxy)silylethyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)CC[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC KLPWIDSFARMZQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVRXTRZVBJSOLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[2-tri(butan-2-yloxy)silylphenyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC IVRXTRZVBJSOLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHGMZEITXQWDLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[4-tri(butan-2-yloxy)silylphenyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C1=CC=C([Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC)C=C1 OHGMZEITXQWDLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FURAZISLABARIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[di(butan-2-yloxy)methylsilylmethyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(OC(C)CC)[SiH2]C[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC FURAZISLABARIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKCSBNRFPJTRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-[tri(butan-2-yloxy)silylmethyl]silane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC IKCSBNRFPJTRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKALKJRBIYJXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-butylsilane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC HKALKJRBIYJXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHQDJCZAQGWXBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-ethenylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C=C MHQDJCZAQGWXBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGHZCASSRKVVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-ethylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC SGHZCASSRKVVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJNDDRZGJNVASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-methylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](C)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC RJNDDRZGJNVASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKJUOACCVYNCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-tert-butylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C(C)(C)C JKJUOACCVYNCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COKLPZSYWJNYBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[SiH](OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC COKLPZSYWJNYBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQVCTPXBBSKLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yloxy)-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C MQVCTPXBBSKLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGABXROLARSPEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[SiH](OC(C)C)OC(C)C JGABXROLARSPEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWZGQVYXDVZBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(2-tributoxysilylethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)CC[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC DWZGQVYXDVZBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SGCFZHOZKKQIBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C=C SGCFZHOZKKQIBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCC)OCCCC GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INUOIYMEJLOQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 INUOIYMEJLOQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MVXBTESZGSNIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(tert-butyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C(C)(C)C MVXBTESZGSNIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXXQPVMVSMWLGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(tributoxysilylmethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC JXXQPVMVSMWLGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYXLOEAJFSQDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy-(2-tributoxysilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC ZYXLOEAJFSQDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYZUVKDKSJFNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy-(3-tributoxysilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C1=CC=CC([Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC)=C1 UYZUVKDKSJFNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBNXDKRALACDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy-(4-tributoxysilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C1=CC=C([Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC)C=C1 YBNXDKRALACDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCSBCWBHZLSFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCO[SiH](OCCCC)OCCCC UCSBCWBHZLSFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVYIJOWQJOQFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(fluoro)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](F)(OCC)OCC XVYIJOWQJOQFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIOGKDWMNMIDEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-(2-triethoxysilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC JIOGKDWMNMIDEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGDCINCKDQXDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-trimethoxysilylethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JCGDCINCKDQXDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBFAHPBJNNSTGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-(3-trimethoxysilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC([Si](OC)(OC)OC)=C1 KBFAHPBJNNSTGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilicon Chemical group CO[Si](OC)OC PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXJNGXCZSCHDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IXJNGXCZSCHDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMUIJRKZTXWCEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(CCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AMUIJRKZTXWCEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUCRQDBOUNQJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(triphenoxysilyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si]([Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 MUCRQDBOUNQJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRUALOZSEADDBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl triphenoxysilyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 YRUALOZSEADDBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRFNOOYBAUZCIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsilyloxysilicon Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O[Si])C1=CC=CC=C1 SRFNOOYBAUZCIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUWVDNLZJXLQPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](CCC)(OCCC)OCCC VUWVDNLZJXLQPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZIXIRYKSIMLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxy(tripropoxysilylmethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)C[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC BZIXIRYKSIMLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZWKZRFXJPGDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxysilane Chemical compound CCCO[SiH](OCCC)OCCC OZWKZRFXJPGDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZEMYLNHCSTIPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-[2-[tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silyl]phenyl]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C ZZEMYLNHCSTIPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNKMRNUOGTXRCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-[3-[tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silyl]phenyl]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC([Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 NNKMRNUOGTXRCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PITXUFPLSLHXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-[4-[tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silyl]phenyl]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C([Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C)C=C1 PITXUFPLSLHXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJJZQRNPNLTSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-[tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silylmethyl]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C QJJZQRNPNLTSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGOOITCIBGXHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-phenylsilane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KGOOITCIBGXHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPPYBTFPZSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C DIZPPYBTFPZSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCKKBOHAYRLMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[SiH](OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C QCKKBOHAYRLMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMUJIPOFTAHSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)O XMUJIPOFTAHSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/312—Organic layers, e.g. photoresist
- H01L21/3121—Layers comprising organo-silicon compounds
- H01L21/3122—Layers comprising organo-silicon compounds layers comprising polysiloxane compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/14—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02214—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and oxygen
- H01L21/02216—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and oxygen the compound being a molecule comprising at least one silicon-oxygen bond and the compound having hydrogen or an organic group attached to the silicon or oxygen, e.g. a siloxane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
- Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 반도체 소자 등에 있어서 층간 절연막으로서 유용한, 저유전율 및 고탄성율의 막이 얻어지는 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.
(A) 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 및 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에 가수분해하여 축합한 가수분해 축합물, 및
(B) 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 및 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 금속 킬레이트 화합물 촉매의 존재하에 가수분해하여 축합한 가수분해 축합물
을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 막 형성용 조성물.
상기 식들에서,
R은 수소 원자, 불소 원자 또는 1가의 유기기를 나타내며, R1 및 R2는 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,
R3 내지 R6는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 각각 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,
R7은 산소 원자, 페닐렌기 또는 -(CH2)n-으로 표시되는 기 (여기서, n은 1 내지 6의 정수임)을 나타내고,
a는 1 내지 2의 정수를 나타내고,
b 및 c는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 0 내지 2의 정수이고,
d는 0 또는 1을 나타낸다.
막 형성용 조성물, 절연막, 유전율, 탄성율
Description
본 발명은, 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물에 관한 것이며, 더욱 자세하게는, 반도체 소자 등에 있어서의 층간 절연막 재료로서, 저비유전율 및 고탄성율을 갖는 막의 형성이 가능한 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물에 관한 것이다.
종래에는 반도체 소자 등에 있어서의 층간 절연막으로서, CVD법 등의 진공 프로세스로 형성된 실리카 (SiO2)막이 많이 사용되어 왔다. 그리고 최근에는 보다 균일한 층간 절연막을 형성하는 것을 목적으로, SOG (Spin on Glass)막이라고 불리는 테트라알콕실란의 가수분해 생성물을 주성분으로 하는 도포형의 절연막도 사용되고 있다. 또한, 반도체 소자 등의 고집적화에 따라 유기 SOG라고 불리는 폴리오르가노실록산을 주성분으로 하는 저비유전율의 층간 절연막이 개발되고 있다.
그러나, 현재 알려져 있는 유기 SOG의 비유전율은 3 내지 4 정도이며, 그 보다 우수한 저비유전율을 가지며 충분한 기계적 강도를 갖는 것은 알려져 있지 않 다.
본 발명은, 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위한 막 형성용 조성물에 관한 것이며, 더욱 자세하게는 예를 들면 반도체 소자 등에 있어서의 층간 절연막으로서, 저비유전율 및 고탄성율의 경화막 형성이 가능한 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
본 발명은, (A) 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 (이하「화합물 1」이라 함), 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 (이하「화합물 2」라 함) 및 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 (이하「화합물 3」이라 함)의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에서 가수분해하고 축합한 가수분해 축합물 (이하「(A) 가수분해 축합물」이라 함), 및
(B) 상기 화합물 1, 화합물 2 및 화합물 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 산 촉매의 존재하에 가수분해하고 축합한 가수분해 축합물 (이하「(B) 가수분해 축합물」이라 함)을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 막 형성용 조성물에 관한 것이다.
<화학식 1>
RaSi(OR1)4-a
<화학식 2>
Si(OR2)4
<화학식 3>
R3
b(R4O)3-bSi-(R7)d-Si(OR5)
3-cR6
c
상기 식들에서,
R은 수소 원자, 불소 원자 또는 1가의 유기기를 나타내며, R1 및 R2는 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,
R3 내지 R6는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 각각 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,
R7은 산소 원자, 페닐렌기 또는 -(CH2)n-으로 표시되는 기 (여기서, n은 1 내지 6의 정수임)을 나타내고,
a는 1 내지 2의 정수를 나타내고,
b 및 c는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 0 내지 2의 정수이고,
d는 0 또는 1을 나타낸다.
여기서, (A) 가수분해 축합물의 GPC법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량은 5만 내지 1,000만인 것이 바람직하다.
또한 (B) 가수분해 축합물의 GPC법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량은 500 내지 30만인 것이 바람직하다.
또한 (A) 성분은 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물의 가수분해 축합물 (완전가수 분해 축합물 환산)을 25 내지 75 중량% 함유하는 것이 바람직하다.
또한 상기 (A) 성분은 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 및 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물로 이루어지는 실란 화합물의 가수분해 축합물인 것이 바람직하다.
또한 상기 (A) 성분과 (B) 성분의 비율은 (A) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산) 100 중량부에 대하여, (B) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산)이 1 내지 900 중량부인 것이 바람직하다.
또한 본 발명의 막 형성용 조성물의 pH는 7 이하인 것이 바람직하다.
다음으로, 본 발명은 상기 막 형성용 조성물을 기판에 도포하고 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 막의 형성 방법에 관한 것이다.
여기서, 상기 막의 형성 방법에 의해서 얻어지는 막의 용도로는 절연막이 바람직하다.
다음으로, 본 발명은 상기 절연막을 갖는 반도체 장치에 관한 것이다.
본 발명은 막을 형성하는 베이스 폴리머로서, (A) 성분〔화합물 1, 2 및 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에서, 가수분해 및 축합하여 이루어지는 가수분해 축합물 (가수분해물 및(또는) 그의 축합물)〕, 및 (B) 성분 〔화합물 1, 2 및 3의 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종을, 산 촉매의 존재하에서 가수분해 및 축합하여 이루어지는 가수분해 축합물 (가수분해물 및(또는) 그의 축합물)]을 사용한 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물이다. 이 본 발명의 조성물을 침지 또는 스핀 코트법 등에 의해 실리콘 웨이퍼 등의 기재에 도포하고, 가열에 의해 (A) 내지 (B) 성분의 열중축합을 행하면 (A) 내지 (B) 성분이 유리질 또는 거대 고분자의 막을 형성하며, 얻어지는 막은 저비유전율 및 고탄성율을 갖기 때문에 기계적 강도가 우수하고, 층간 절연막 재료를 형성할 수 있다.
여기서, 본 발명에 있어서 가수분해란, 상기 (A) 내지 (B) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3중의 RlO-, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O-기가 물과 반응하여 실라놀기를 생성하는 것이다.
또한, 본 발명에 있어서 축합이란 (A) 내지 (B) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3의 가수분해물의 실라놀기가 축합되어 Si-O-Si 축합을 형성한 것이지만, 본 발명에서는, 실라놀기가 전부 축합될 필요는 없으며, 일부 실라놀기가 축합된 것, 축합의 정도는 다르지만 혼합물을 생성하는 것도 포함한 개념이다.
<(A) 가수분해 축합물>
(A) 가수분해 축합물은, 상기 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에서, 가수분해·축합하여 얻어진다. 이하, 화합물 1 내지 3 및 알칼리 촉매에 대하여 설명한다.
<화합물 1> ;
상기 화학식 1에 있어서, R 및 R1의 1가의 유기기로는 알킬기, 아릴기, 알릴기, 글리시딜기 등을 들 수 있다. 또한, 화학식 1에 있어서, R은 1가의 유기기, 특히 알킬기 또는 페닐기인 것이 바람직하다.
여기서, 알킬기로는 메틸기, 에틸기, 프로필기, 부틸기 등을 들 수 있으며, 바람직하게는 탄소수 1 내지 5이며, 직쇄상 또는 분지상일 수 있고, 또한 수소 원 자가 불소 원자 등으로 치환되어 있을 수 있다.
화학식 1에 있어서, 아릴기로는 페닐기, 나프틸기, 메틸페닐기, 에틸페닐기, 클로로페닐기, 브로모페닐기, 플루오로페닐기 등을 들 수 있다.
화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물의 구체적인 예로는 트리메톡시실란, 트리에톡시실란, 트리-n-프로폭시실란, 트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 트리-n-부톡시실란, 트리-sec-부톡시실란, 트리-tert-부톡시실란, 트리페녹시실란, 플루오로트리메톡시실란, 플루오로트리에톡시실란, 플루오로트리-n-프로폭시실란, 플루오로트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 플루오로트리-n-부톡시실란, 플루오로트리-sec-부톡시실란, 플루오로트리-tert-부톡시실란, 플루오로트리페녹시실란 등;
메틸트리메톡시실란, 메틸트리에톡시실란, 메틸트리-n-프로폭시실란, 메틸트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 메틸트리-n-부톡시실란, 메틸트리-sec-부톡시실란, 메틸트리-tert-부톡시실란, 메틸트리페녹시실란, 에틸트리메톡시실란, 에틸트리에톡시실란, 에틸트리-n-프로폭시실란, 에틸트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 에틸트리-n-부톡시실란, 에틸트리-sec-부톡시실란, 에틸트리-tert-부톡시실란, 에틸트리페녹시실란, 비닐트리메톡시실란, 비닐트리에톡시실란, 비닐트리-n-프로폭시실란, 비닐트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 비닐트리-n-부톡시실란, 비닐트리-sec-부톡시실란, 비닐트리-tert-부톡시실란, 비닐트리페녹시실란, n-프로필트리메톡시실란, n-프로필트리에톡시실란, n-프로필트리-n-프로폭시실란, n-프로필트리-iso-프로폭시실란, n-프로필트리-n-부톡시실란, n-프로필트리-sec-부톡시실란, n-프로필트리-tert-부톡시실란, n-프로필트리페녹시실란, i-프로필트리메톡시실란, i-프로필트리에톡시실란, i-프로필트리-n- 프로폭시실란, i-프로필트리-iso-프로폭시실란, i-프로필트리-n-부톡시실란, i-프로필트리-sec-부톡시실란, i-프로필트리-tert-부톡시실란, i-프로필트리페녹시실란, n-부틸트리메톡시실란, n-부틸트리에톡시실란, n-부틸트리-n-프로폭시실란, n-부틸트리-iso-프로폭시실란, n-부틸트리-n-부톡시실란, n-부틸트리-sec-부톡시실란, n-부틸트리-tert-부톡시실란, n-부틸트리페녹시실란, sec-부틸트리메톡시실란, sec-부틸트리에톡시실란, sec-부틸-트리-n-프로폭시실란, sec-부틸-트리-iso-프로폭시실란, sec-부틸-트리-n-부톡시실란, sec-부틸-트리-sec-부톡시실란, sec-부틸-트리-tert-부톡시실란, sec-부틸-트리페녹시실란, t-부틸트리메톡시실란, t-부틸트리에톡시실란, t-부틸트리-n-프로폭시실란, t-부틸트리-iso-프로폭시실란, t-부틸트리-n-부톡시실란, t-부틸트리-sec-부톡시실란, t-부틸트리-tert-부톡시실란, t-부틸트리페녹시실란, 페닐트리메톡시실란, 페닐트리에톡시실란, 페닐트리-n-프로폭시실란, 페닐트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 페닐트리-n-부톡시실란, 페닐트리-sec-부톡시실란, 페닐트리-tert-부톡시실란, 페닐트리페녹시실란, 비닐트리메톡시실란, 비닐트리에톡시실란, γ-아미노프로필트리메톡시실란, γ-아미노프로필트리에톡시실란, γ-글리시드옥시프로필트리메톡시실란, γ-글리시드옥시프로필트리에톡시실란, γ-트리플루오로프로필트리메톡시실란, γ-트리플루오로프로필트리에톡시실란 등;
디메틸디메톡시실란, 디메틸디에톡시실란, 디메틸-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디메틸-디- iso-프로폭시실란, 디메틸-디-n-부톡시실란, 디메틸-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디메틸-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디메틸디페녹시실란, 디에틸디메톡시실란, 디에틸디에톡시실란, 디에틸-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디에틸-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디에틸-디-n- 부톡시실란, 디에틸-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디에틸-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디에틸디페녹시실란, 디-n-프로필디메톡시실란, 디-n-프로필디에톡시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-n-부톡시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디-n-프로필-디-페녹시실란, 디-iso-프로필디메톡시실란, 디-iso-프로필디에톡시실란, 디-iso-프로필-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디-iso-프로필-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디- iso-프로필디-n-부톡시실란, 디-iso-프로필-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디-iso-프로필-디- tert-부톡시실란, 디-iso-프로필-디-페녹시실란, 디-n-부틸디메톡시실란, 디-n-부틸디에톡시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-n-부톡시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디-n-부틸-디-페녹시실란, 디-sec-부틸디메톡시실란, 디-sec-부틸디에톡시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-n-부톡시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디-sec-부틸-디-페녹시실란, 디-tert-부틸디메톡시실란, 디-tert-부틸디에톡시실란, 디-tert-부틸-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디-tert-부틸-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디- tert-부틸-디-n-부톡시실란, 디-tert-부틸-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디-tert-부틸-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디-tert-부틸-디-페녹시실란, 디페닐디메톡시실란, 디페닐-디-에톡시실란, 디페닐-디-n-프로폭시실란, 디페닐-디-iso-프로폭시실란, 디페닐-디-n-부톡시실란, 디페닐-디-sec-부톡시실란, 디페닐-디-tert-부톡시실란, 디페닐디페녹시실란, 디비닐트리메톡시실란 등;
을 들 수 있다.
바람직하게는, 메틸트리메톡시실란, 메틸트리에톡시실란, 메틸트리-n-프로폭시실란, 메틸트리-iso-프로폭시실란, 에틸트리메톡시실란, 에틸트리에톡시실란, 비닐트리메톡시실란, 비닐트리에톡시실란, 페닐트리메톡시실란, 페닐트리에톡시실란, 디메틸디메톡시실란, 디메틸디에톡시실란, 디에틸디메톡시실란, 디에틸디에톡시실란, 디페닐디메톡시실란, 디페닐디에톡시실란이다.
이들 화합물 1종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
<화합물 2> ;
상기 화학식 2에 있어서, 1가의 유기기로는 앞의 화학식 (l)과 동일한 유기기를 들 수 있다.
화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물의 구체적인 예로는 테트라메톡시실란, 테트라에톡시실란, 테트라-n-프로폭시실란, 테트라-iso-프로폭시실란, 테트라-n-부톡시실란, 테트라-sec-부톡시실란, 테트라-tert-부톡시실란, 테트라페녹시실란 등을 들 수 있다.
<화합물 3> ;
상기 화학식 3에 있어서, 1가의 유기기로는 상기 화학식 1에서와 동일한 유기기를 들 수 있다.
화학식 3 중에서, R7이 산소 원자인 화합물로는 헥사메톡시디실록산, 헥사에톡시디실록산, 헥사페녹시디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타메톡시-3-메틸디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타에톡시-3-메틸디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타페녹시-3-메틸디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타메톡시-3-에틸디실록산, 1,1,l,3,3-펜타에톡시-3-에틸디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타페녹시-3-에틸디실록산, 1,l,1,3,3-펜타메톡시-3-페닐디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타에톡시-3-페닐디실록산, 1,1,1,3,3-펜타페녹시-3-페닐디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라메톡시-1,3-디메틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라에톡시-1,3-디메틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라페녹시-1,3-디메틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라메톡시-1,3-디에틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라에톡시-1,3-디에틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라페녹시-1,3-디에틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라메톡시-1,3-디페닐디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라에톡시-1,3-디페닐디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라페녹시-1,3-디페닐디실록산, 1,1,3-트리메톡시-1,3,3-트리메틸디실록산, 1,1,3-트리에톡시-1,3,3-트리메틸디실록산, 1,1,3-트리페녹시-1,3,3-트리메틸디실록산, 1,1,3-트리메톡시-1,3,3-트리에틸디실록산, 1,l,3-트리에톡시-1,3,3-트리에틸디실록산, 1,1,3-트리페녹시-1,3,3-트리에틸디실록산, 1,1,3-트리메톡시-1,3,3-트리페닐디실록산, l,1,3-트리에톡시-1,3,3-트리페닐디실록산, 1,1,3-트리페녹시-1,3,3-트리페닐디실록산, 1,3-디메톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라메틸디실록산, 1,3-디에톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라메틸디실록산, 1,3-디페녹시-1,1,3,3-테트라메틸디실록산, 1,3-디메톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라에틸디실록산, 1,3-디에톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라에틸디실록산, 1,3-디페녹시-1,1,3,3-테트라에틸디실록산, 1,3-디메톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라페닐디실록산, 1,3-디에톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라페닐디실록산, 1,3-디페녹시-1,1,3,3-테트라페닐디실록산 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 중에서, 헥사메톡시디실록산, 헥사에톡시디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라메톡 시-1,3-디메틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라에톡시-1,3-디메틸디실록산, 1,1,3,3-테트라메톡시-1,3-디페닐디실록산, 1,3-디메톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라메틸디실록산, 1,3-디에톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라메틸디실록산, 1,3-디메톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라페닐디실록산, 1,3-디에톡시-1,1,3,3-테트라페닐디실록산 등을 바람직한 예로 들 수 있다.
또한, 화학식 3에 있어서, d가 0인 화합물로는 헥사메톡시디실란, 헥사에톡시디실란, 헥사페녹시디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타메톡시-2-메틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타에톡시-2-메틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타페녹시-2-메틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타메톡시-2-에틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타에톡시-2-에틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타페녹시-2-에틸디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타메톡시-2-페닐디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타에톡시-2-페닐디실란, 1,1,1,2,2-펜타페녹시-2-페닐디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라메톡시-1,2-디메틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라에톡시-1,2-디메틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라페녹시-1,2-디메틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라메톡시-1,2-디에틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라에톡시-1,2-디에틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라페녹시-1,2-디에틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라메톡시-1,2-디페닐디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라에톡시-1,2-디페닐디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라페녹시-1,2-디페닐디실란, 1,1,2-트리메톡시-1,2,2-트리메틸디실란, 1,1,2-트리에톡시-1,2,2-트리메틸디실란, 1,1,2-트리페녹시-1,2,2-트리메틸디실란, l,1,2-트리메톡시-1,2,2-트리에틸디실란, 1,1,2-트리에톡시-1,2,2-트리에틸디실란, 1,1,2-트리페녹시-1,2,2-트리에틸디실란, 1,1,2-트리메톡시-1,2,2-트리페닐디실란, 1,1,2-트리에톡시-1,2,2-트리페닐디실란, 1,1,2-트리페녹시-1,2,2-트리페닐디실란, 1,2-디메톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라메틸디실란, 1,2-디에톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라메틸디실란, 1,2-디페녹시-1,1,2,2-테트라메틸 디실란, 1,2-디메톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라에틸디실란, 1,2-디에톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라에틸디실란, 1,2-디페녹시-1,1,2,2-테트라에틸디실란, 1,2-디메톡시-1,l,2,2-테트라페닐디실란, 1,2-디에톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라페닐디실란, 1,2-디페녹시-1,1,2,2-테트라페닐디실란 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 중에서, 헥사메톡시디실란, 헥사에톡시디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라메톡시-1,2-디메틸디실란, 1,1,2,2-테트라에톡시-1,2-디메틸디실란, l,1,2,2-테트라메톡시-1,2-디페닐디실란, 1,2-디메톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라메틸디실란, 1,2-디에톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라메틸디실란, 1,2-디메톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라페닐디실란, 1,2-디에톡시-1,1,2,2-테트라페닐디실란 등을 바람직한 예로 들 수 있다.
또한, 화학식 3에 있어서, R7이 -(CH2)n-으로 표시되는 기인 화합물로는 비스(트리메톡시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리에톡시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리-n-부톡시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리-t-부톡시실릴)메탄, 1,2-비스(트리메톡실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리에톡시실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리-n-부톡시실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)에탄, l,2-비스(트리-t-부톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디메톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리메톡시실릴)메탄, 1-(디에톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리에톡시실릴)메탄, 1-(디-n-프로폭시메틸실릴)-1-(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)메탄, 1-(디-i-프로폭시메틸실릴)-1-(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)메탄, 1-(디-n-부톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리-n-부톡시실릴)메탄, 1- (디-sec-부톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)메탄, 1-(디-t-부톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리-t-부톡시실릴)메탄, l-(디메톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리메톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디에톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리에톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디-n-프로폭시메틸실릴)-2-(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)에탄, 1-(디-i-프로폭시메틸실릴)-2-(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)에탄, 1-(디-n-부톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리-n-부톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디-sec-부톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디-t-부톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리-t-부톡시실릴)에탄, 비스(디메톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디에톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디-n-프로폭시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디-i-프로폭시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디-n-부톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디-sec-부톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디-t-부톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 1,2-비스(디메톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디에톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디-n-프로폭시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디-i-프로폭시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디-n-부톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디-sec-부톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디-t-부톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리-n-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,2-비스(트리-t-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리-n-부톡시실릴)벤젠, l,3-비스(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리-t-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리-n-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리-i-프로폭시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리-n-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리-sec-부톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리-t-부톡시실릴)벤젠 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 중에서, 비스(트리메톡시실릴)메탄, 비스(트리에톡시실릴)메탄, l,2-비스(트리메톡시실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리에톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디메톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리메톡시실릴)메탄, 1-(디에톡시메틸실릴)-1-(트리에톡시실릴)메탄, 1-(디메톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리메톡시실릴)에탄, 1-(디에톡시메틸실릴)-2-(트리에톡시실릴)에탄, 비스(디메톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 비스(디에톡시메틸실릴)메탄, 1,2-비스(디메톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(디에톡시메틸실릴)에탄, 1,2-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, l,2-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,3-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리메톡시실릴)벤젠, 1,4-비스(트리에톡시실릴)벤젠 등을 바람직한 예로 들 수 있다.
본 발명에 있어서, (A) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3으로는 1종 또는 2종 이상의 상기 화합물 1, 2 및 3을 사용할 수 있다.
또한, 상기 (A) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 가수분해 및 축합시킬 때, R1O-기, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O -기의 총량 1 몰당 5 내지 50 몰의 물을 사용하는 것이 바람직하고, 7 내지 30 몰의 물을 첨가하는 것이 특히 바람직하다. 첨가하는 물의 양이 5 몰보다 적은 경우, 충분한 비유전율과 탄성율이 얻어지지 않은 경우가 있으며, 50 몰보다 많은 경우는 가수분해 및 축합 반응 중의 폴리머의 석출이나 겔화가 생기는 경우가 있다.
<알칼리 촉매>;
본 발명의 (A) 가수분해 축합물을 제조함에 있어서, 상기 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 l종의 실란 화합물을 가수분해 및 축합시킬 때, 알칼리 촉매를 사용한다. 알칼리 촉매로는 무기 염기 이외에, 유기 염기 등을 들 수 있다.
여기서, 무기 염기로는 예를 들면 암모니아, 수산화나트륨, 수산화칼륨, 수산화바륨, 수산화칼슘 등을 들 수 있다.
또한, 유기 염기로는 예를 들면 메탄올아민, 에탄올아민, 프로판올아민, 부탄올아민, N-메틸메탄올아민, N-에틸메탄올아민, N-프로필메탄올아민, N-부틸메탄올아민, N-메틸에탄올아민, N-에틸에탄올아민, N-프로필에탄올아민, N-부틸에탄올아민, N-메틸프로판올아민, N-에틸프로판올아민, N-프로필프로판올아민, N-부틸프로판올아민, N-메틸부탄올아민, N-에틸부탄올아민, N-프로필부탄올아민, N-부틸부탄올아민, N,N-디메틸메탄올아민, N,N-디에틸메탄올아민, N,N-디프로필메탄올아민, N,N-디부틸메탄올아민, N,N-디메틸에탄올아민, N,N-디에틸에탄올아민, N,N-디프로필에탄올아민, N,N-디부틸에탄올아민, N,N-디메틸프로판올아민, N,N-디에틸프로판올아민, N,N-디프로필프로판올아민, N,N-디부틸프로판올아민, N,N-디메틸부탄올아민, N,N-디에틸부탄올아민, N,N-디프로필부탄올아민, N,N-디부틸부탄올아민, N-메틸디메탄올아민, N-에틸디메탄올아민, N-프로필디메탄올아민, N-부틸디메탄올아민, N-메틸디에탄올아민, N-에틸디에탄올아민, N-프로필디에탄올아민, N-부틸디에탄올아민, N-메틸디프로판올아민, N-에틸디프로판올아민, N-프로필디프로판올아민, N- 부틸디프로판올아민, N-메틸디부탄올아민, N-에틸디부탄올아민, N-프로필디부탄올아민, N-부틸디부탄올아민, N-(아미노메틸)메탄올아민, N-(아미노메틸)에탄올아민, N-(아미노메틸)프로판올아민, N-(아미노메틸)부탄올아민, N-(아미노에틸)메탄올아민, N-(아미노에틸)에탄올아민, N-(아미노에틸)프로판올아민, N-(아미노에틸)부탄올아민, N-(아미노프로필)메탄올아민, N-(아미노프로필)에탄올아민, N-(아미노프로필)프로판올아민, N-(아미노프로필)부탄올아민, N-(아미노부틸)메탄올아민, N-(아미노부틸)에탄올아민, N-(아미노부틸)프로판올아민, N-(아미노부틸)부탄올아민, 메톡시메틸아민, 메톡시에틸아민, 메톡시프로필아민, 메톡시부틸아민, 에톡시메틸아민, 에톡시에틸아민, 에톡시프로필아민, 에톡시부틸아민, 프로폭시메틸아민, 프로폭시에틸아민, 프로폭시프로필아민, 프로폭시부틸아민, 부톡시메틸아민, 부톡시에틸아민, 부톡시프로필아민, 부톡시부틸아민, 메틸아민, 에틸아민, 프로필아민, 부틸아민, N,N-디메틸아민, N,N-디에틸아민, N,N-디프로필아민, N,N-디부틸아민, 트리메틸아민, 트리에틸아민, 트리프로필아민, 트리부틸아민, 테트라메틸암모늄하이드로옥시드, 테트라에틸암모늄하이드로옥시드, 테트라프로필암모늄하이드로옥시드, 테트라부틸암모늄하이드로옥시드, 테트라메틸에틸렌디아민, 테트라에틸에틸렌디아민, 테트라프로필에틸렌디아민, 테트라부틸에틸렌디아민, 메틸아미노메틸아민, 메틸아미노에틸아민, 메틸아미노프로필아민, 메틸아미노부틸아민, 에틸아미노메틸아민, 에틸아미노에틸아민, 에틸아미노프로필아민, 에틸아미노부틸아민, 프로필아미노메틸아민, 프로필아미노에틸아민, 프로필아미노프로필아민, 프로필아미노부틸아민, 부틸아미노메틸아민, 부틸아미노에틸아민, 부틸아미노프로필아민, 부틸아미노 부틸아민, 피리딘, 피롤, 피페라진, 피롤리딘, 피페리딘, 피코인, 모르폴린, 메틸모르폴린, 디아자비시클로오크란, 지아자비시클로노난, 디아자비시클로운데센, 수산화테트라메틸암모늄, 수산화테트라에틸암모늄, 수산화테트라프로필암모늄, 수산화테트라부틸암모늄 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 알칼리 촉매는, 1종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
상기 알칼리 촉매의 사용량은, 화합물 1 내지 3 중의 R1O-기, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O-기로 표시되는 기의 총량 1 몰에 대하여 통상 0.00001 내지 0.5 몰, 바람직하게는 0.00005 내지 0.5 몰이다. 알칼리 촉매의 사용량이 상기 범위내이면 반응 중의 폴리머의 석출이나 겔화의 우려가 적다.
이와 같이 얻어지는 (A) 가수분해 축합물의 분자량은 GPC (굴절율, 점도, 광산란 측정) 법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량으로, 바람직하게는 5만 내지 1,000만, 더욱 바람직하게는 10만 내지 900만, 특히 바람직하게는 20만 내지 800만이다. 5만 미만인 경우 충분한 비유전율과 탄성율이 얻어지지 않는 경우가 있으며, 1,000만 보다 큰 경우 도포막의 균일성이 저하되는 경우가 있다.
또한, 이와 같이 얻어지는 (A) 가수분해 축합물은, 입자상의 형태를 취하지 않기 때문에 기판상으로의 도포성이 우수한 특징을 갖는다. 입자상의 형태를 취하지 않은 것은 예를 들면 투과형 전자 현미경 관찰 (TEM)에 의해 확인된다.
또한, (A) 성분 중, 각 성분을 완전 가수분해 축합물로 환산했을 때, 화합물 2는 화합물 1 내지 3의 총량 중, 5 내지 75 중량%, 바람직하게는 10 내지 70 중량%, 더욱 바람직하게는 15 내지 70 중량%이다. 또한, 화합물 1 및(또는) 3은 화합물 1 내지 3의 총량 중 95 내지 25 중량%, 바람직하게는 90 내지 30 중량%, 더욱 바람직하게는 85 내지 30 중량%이다. 화합물 2가, 화합물 1 내지 3의 총량 중 5 내지 75 중량%인 것이 얻어지는 도포막의 탄성율을 높이고, 또한 저유전성에서 특히 우수하다.
본 발명에 있어서, 완전 가수분해 축합물이란 화합물 1 내지 3 중의 R1O-기, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O- 기가 100 % 가수분해되어 SiOH 기가 되고, 또한 완전히 축합되어 실록산 구조가 된 것을 말한다.
또한, (A) 성분으로는 화합물 1 및 화합물 2의 가수분해 축합물인 것이 얻어지는 조성물의 저장 안정성이 보다 우수하기 때문에 바람직하다.
또한, (A) 가수분해 축합물로는 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에서 가수분해·축합하여 가수분해 축합물로 만들되, 바람직하게는 그 중량 평균 분자량을 5만 내지 1,000만으로 하고, 그 후 조성물의 pH를 7 이하로 조절하는 것이 바람직하다.
pH를 조절하는 방법으로는
1. pH 조절제를 첨가하는 방법,
2. 상압 또는 감압하에서, 조성물 중에서 알칼리 촉매를 제거하는 방법,
3. 질소, 아르곤 등의 가스를 버블링함으로써, 조성물 중에서 알칼리 촉매를 제거하는 방법,
4. 이온 교환 수지에 의해 조성물 중에서 알칼리 촉매를 제거하는 방법
등을 들 수 있다. 이들 방법을 각각 조합하여 사용할 수 있다.
여기서, 상기 pH 조절제로는 무기산이나 유기산을 들 수 있다.
무기산으로는 예를 들면 염산, 질산, 황산, 불산, 인산, 붕산, 옥살산 등을 들 수 있다.
또한, 유기산으로는 예를 들면 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부탄산, 펜탄산, 헥산산, 헵탄산, 옥탄산, 노난산, 데칸산, 옥살산, 말레산, 메틸말론산, 아디프산, 세박산, 갈산, 부티르산, 멜리트산, 아라키돈산, 시키미산, 2-에틸헥산산, 올레산, 스테아르산, 리놀산, 리놀레산, 살리실산, 벤조산, p-아미노벤조산, p-톨루엔술폰산, 벤젠술폰산, 모노클로로아세트산, 디클로로아세트산, 트리클로로아세트산, 트리플루오로아세트산, 포름산, 말론산, 술폰산, 프탈산, 푸마르산, 시트르산, 타르타르산, 숙신산 등을 들 수 있다.
또한 상기 산을 촉매로 하여 합성된, 하기의 (B) 가수분해 축합물을 블렌딩할 수 있다.
상기 pH 조절제에 의한 조성물의 pH는 7 이하, 바람직하게는 1 내지 6으로 조절된다. 이와 같이 가수분해 축합물의 중량 평균 분자량을 5만 내지 1,000만으로 만든 후, 상기 pH 조절제에 의해 상기 범위 내로 pH를 조절함으로써 얻어지는 조성물의 저장 안정성이 향상되는 효과가 얻어진다.
pH 조절제의 사용량은 조성물의 pH가 상기 범위내가 되는 양으로 적절하게 선택된다.
<(B) 가수분해 축합물>
(B) 가수분해 축합물은 상기 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 산 촉매의 존재하에서 가수분해·축합하여 얻어진다.
여기서, 화합물 1 내지 3의 종류나 가수분해·축합에 사용되는 물의 양은 (A) 가수분해 축합물에 사용되는 실란 화합물 및 물의 양과 동일하기 때문에 생략한다.
또한, 상기 (B) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 가수분해 및 축합시킬 때, RlO-기, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O - 기의 총량 1 몰당 0.25 내지 5몰의 물을 사용하는 것이 바람직하고, 0.3 내지 3몰의 물을 첨가하는 것이 특히 바람직하다. 첨가하는 물의 양이 0.25 내지 5몰의 범위 내의 값이면, 도포막의 균일성이 저하되는 우려가 없고 또한 가수분해 및 축합 반응 중의 폴리머의 석출이나 겔화의 우려가 적기 때문이다.
<산 촉매>;
본 발명의 (B) 가수분해 축합물을 제조하기 위해서는, 상기 화합물 1 내지 3의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 가수분해 및 축합시킬 때 산 촉매를 사용한다.
여기서, 산 촉매의 종류는 상기 (A) 가수분해 축합물의 제조시에 사용되기도 하는 pH 조절제인 무기산이나 유기산과 동일하기 때문에 그 설명은 생략한다. 또한 산 촉매는 유기산이 바람직하다.
상기 산 촉매의 사용량은 화합물 (l) 내지 3 중의 RlO-기, R2O-기, R4O-기 및 R5O- 기로 표시되는 기의 총량 1몰에 대하여, 통상 0.00001 내지 0.5 몰, 바람직하게는 0.00005 내지 0.1 몰이다. 산 촉매의 사용량이 상기 범위 내이면 반응 중 폴리머의 석출이나 겔화의 우려가 적다.
이와 같이 얻어지는 (B) 가수분해 축합물의 분자량은, GPC (굴절율, 점도, 광산란 측정)법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량으로 바람직하게는 500 내지 30만, 더욱 바람직하게는 700 내지 20만, 특히 바람직하게는 1,000 내지 10만이다. 500 미만인 경우 도포막의 균일성이 저하되는 경우가 있고, 30만보다 큰 경우는 충분한 저장 안정성이 얻어지지 않는 경우가 있다.
또한 이와 같이 얻어지는 (B) 가수분해 축합물도 입자상의 형태를 취하고 있지 않아 기판상으로의 도포성이 우수한 특징을 갖는다. 입자상의 형태를 취하고 있지 않은 것은 예를 들면 투과형 전자 현미경 관찰 (TEM)에 의해 확인된다.
<(A) 성분과 (B) 성분의 비율>
본 발명의 막 형성용 조성물은 상기 (A) 내지 (B) 성분을 함유하되, 이들의 비율은, (A) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산) 100 중량부에 대하여 (B) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산)가 바람직하게는 1 내지 900 중량부, 더욱 바람직하게는 3 내지 800 중량부, 특히 바람직하게는 5 내지 800 중량부이다. (B) 성분이 1 중량부 미만인 경우 얻어지는 도포막의 기계적 강도가 충분하지 않은 경우가 있고, 한편, 900 중량부를 초과하는 경우 충분한 저비유전율이 얻어지지 않는 경우가 있 다.
<(C) 용매>
본 발명의 막 형성용 조성물은 (A) 가수분해 축합물과 (B) 가수분해 축합물을 (C) 용매에 용해 또는 분산시켜 형성된다.
이 (C) 용매로는 알코올계 용매, 케톤계 용매, 아미드계 용매 및 에스테르계 용매의 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종을 들 수 있다.
여기서, 알코올계 용매로는 메탄올, 에탄올, n-프로판올, i-프로판올, n-부탄올, i-부탄올, sec-부탄올, t-부탄올, n-펜탄올, i-펜탄올, 2-메틸부탄올, sec-펜탄올, t-펜탄올, 3-메톡시부탄올, n-헥산올, 2-메틸펜탄올, sec-헥산올, 2-에틸부탄올, sec-헵탄올, 헵탄올-3, n-옥탄올, 2-에틸헥산올, sec-옥탄올, n-노닐알코올, 2,6-디메틸헵탄올-4, n-데칸올, sec-운데실알코올, 트리메틸노닐알코올, sec-테트라데실알코올, sec-헵타데실알코올, 페놀, 시클로헥산올, 메틸시클로헥산올, 3,3,5-트리메틸시클로헥산올, 벤질알코올, 디아세톤알코올 등의 모노알코올계용매;
에틸렌글리콜, 1,2-프로필렌글리콜, 1,3-부틸렌글리콜, 펜탄디올-2,4,2-메틸펜탄디올-2,4, 헥산디올-2,5, 헵탄디올-2,4,2-에틸헥산디올-1,3, 디에틸렌글리콜, 디프로필렌글리콜, 트리에틸렌글리콜, 트리프로필렌글리콜 등의 다가 알코올계 용매; 에틸렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노프로필에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노부틸에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노헥실에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노페닐에테르, 에틸렌글리콜모노-2-에틸부틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜모노프로필에테르, 디에틸렌글 리콜모노부틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜모노헥실에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노부틸에테르, 디프로필렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 디프로필렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 디프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르 등의 다가 알코올 부분 에테르계 용매
등을 들 수 있다.
이들 알코올계 용매는, 1종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
이들 알코올 중, n-프로판올, i-프로판올, n-부탄올, i-부탄올, sec-부탄올, t-부탄올, n-펜탄올, i-펜탄올, 2-메틸부탄올, sec-펜탄올, t-펜탄올, 3-메톡시부탄올, n-헥산올, 2-메틸펜탄올, sec-헥산올, 2-에틸부탄올, 프로필렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르, 프로필렌글리콜모노부틸에테르 등이 바람직하다.
케톤계 용매로는 아세톤, 메틸에틸케톤, 메틸-n-프로필케톤, 메틸-n-부틸케톤, 디에틸케톤, 메틸-i-부틸케톤, 메틸-n-펜틸케톤, 에틸-n-부틸케톤, 메틸-n-헥실케톤, 디-i-부틸케톤, 트리메틸노나논, 시클로헥사논, 2-헥사논, 메틸시클로헥사논, 2,4-펜탄디온, 아세토닐아세톤, 아세토페논, 펜콘 등 이외에, 아세틸아세톤, 2,4-헥산디온, 2,4-헵탄디온, 3,5-헵탄디온, 2,4-옥탄디온, 3,5-옥탄디온, 2,4-노난디온, 3,5-노난디온, 5-메틸-2,4-헥산디온, 2,2,6,6-테트라메틸-3,5-헵탄디온, 1,1,1,5,5,5-헥사플루오로-2,4-헵탄디온 등의 β-디케톤류 등을 들 수 있다. 이들 케톤계 용매는 l종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
아미드계 용매로는 포름아미드, N-메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N-에틸포름아미드, N,N-디에틸포름아미드, 아세트아미드, N-메틸아세트아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드, N-에틸아세트아미드, N,N-디에틸아세트아미드, N-메틸프로피온아미드, N-메틸피롤리돈, N-포르밀모르폴린, N-포르밀피페리딘, N-포르밀피롤리딘, N-아세틸모르폴린, N-아세틸피페리딘, N-아세틸피롤리딘 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 아미드계 용매는 1종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
에스테르계 용매로는 디에틸카보네이트, 탄산에틸렌, 탄산프로필렌, 탄산디에틸, 아세트산메틸, 아세트산에틸, γ-부티롤락톤, γ-발레로락톤, 아세트산 n-프로필, 아세트산i-프로필, 아세트산n-부틸, 아세트산i-부틸, 아세트산sec-부틸, 아세트산n-펜틸, 아세트산sec-펜틸, 아세트산3-메톡시부틸, 아세트산메틸펜틸, 아세트산2-에틸부틸, 아세트산2-에틸헥실, 아세트산벤질, 아세트산시클로헥실, 아세트산메틸시클로헥실, 아세트산n-노닐, 아세토아세트산메틸, 아세토아세트산에틸, 아세트산에틸렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 아세트산에틸렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 아세트산디에틸렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 아세트산디에틸렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 아세트산디에틸렌글리콜모노-n-부틸에테르, 아세트산프로필렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 아세트산프로필렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 아세트산프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르, 아세트산프로필렌글리콜모노부틸에테르, 아세트산디프로필렌글리콜모노메틸에테르, 아세트산디프로필렌글리콜모노에틸에테르, 디아세트산글리콜, 아세트산메톡시트리글리콜, 프로피온산에틸, 프로피온산n-부틸, 프로피온산i-아밀, 옥살산디에틸, 옥살산디-n-부틸, 락트산메틸, 락트산에틸, 락트산n-부틸, 락트산n-아밀, 말론산디에틸, 프탈산디메틸, 프탈산디에틸 등을 들 수 있다.
이들 에스테르계 용매는 1종 또는 2종 이상을 동시에 사용할 수 있다.
이상의 (C) 용매는 1종 또는 2종 이상을 혼합하여 사용할 수가 있다.
본 발명의 막 형성용 조성물은, 상기 (C) 용매를 함유하지만, (A) 내지 (B) 성분을 구성하는 화합물 1 내지 3을 가수분해 및(또는) 축합할 때 동일한 용매를 사용할 수가 있다.
구체적으로는, 예를 들면 물 및 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매)를 첨가한 상기 (C) 용매 중에, 화합물 1 내지 3의 적어도 1종을 일괄 또는 단속적 또는 연속적으로 첨가한 후, 또한 가수분해 및 축합 반응을 행한다. 이 때의 반응 온도로는 통상 0 내지 100 ℃, 바람직하게는 15 내지 90 ℃ 이다.
<기타 첨가제>
본 발명으로 얻어지는 막 형성용 조성물에 또한 계면활성제 등의 성분을 첨가할 수 있다.
계면활성제로는 예를 들면 비이온계 계면활성제, 음이온계 계면활성제, 양이온계 계면활성제, 양성 계면활성제 등을 들 수 있으며 또한 실리콘계 계면활성제, 폴리알킬렌옥시드계 계면활성제, 불소 함유 계면활성제 등을 들 수 있다.
또한, 본 발명의 조성물 중에는, 도포막을 균일하게 하기 위해서, 실리카 입자가 포함되어 있지 않은 것이 바람직하다.
<조성물의 제조 방법>
본 발명의 조성물을 제조함에 있어서, 예를 들면 물과 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매)를 첨가한 (C) 용매 중에 화합물 1 내지 3의 1종 이상 (이하「실란 화합물」 이라 함)을 일괄 또는 단속적 또는 연속적으로 첨가하여, 통상 0 내지 100 ℃, 바람직하게는 15 내지 90 ℃에서 l 내지 12 시간 교반하여, 가수분해 및 축합 반응을 행한다. 제조의 각 단계에 있어서, 농축 또는 (C) 용매 첨가에 의한 희석을 행함으로써 임의의 농도로 조절할 수 있다.
본 발명의 조성물의 제조 방법의 구체적인 예를 들면, 하기 (1) 내지 (12)의 방법 등에 의해, (A) 성분 또는 (B) 성분을 제조하고, 계속해서 얻어지는 (A) 내지 (B) 성분을 블랜딩할 수 있다.
(1) 물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 실란 화합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(2) 물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 실란 화합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물 [또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(3) 소정의 실란 화합물 및 (C) 용매로 이루어지는 혼합물에 물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물 〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(4) 소정의 실란 화합물 및 (C) 용매로 이루어지는 혼합물에 물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또 는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(5) 소정의 실란 화합물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 (C) 용매로 이루어지는 혼합물에 물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(6) 소정의 실란 화합물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여, (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
(7) 소정량의 물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 실란 화합물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해· 축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
(8) 소정량의 물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 실란 화합물, 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
(9) 소정량의 물, 실란 화합물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A)가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물]을 얻는다.
(10) 소정량의 물, 실란 화합물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
(11) 소정량의 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 물, 실란 화합물 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어지는 혼합물을 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합 반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
(12) 소정량의 알칼리 촉매 (또는 산 촉매) 및 필요에 따라서 (C) 용매로 이루어진 혼합물에 소정량의 물, 실란 화합물 및 필요에 따라서 (C)용매로 이루어진 혼합물을 연속적 또는 단속적으로 첨가함으로써 가수분해·축합반응을 행하여 (A) 가수분해 축합물〔또는 (B) 가수분해 축합물〕을 얻는다.
또한 본 발명에 있어서, 실란 화합물을 가수분해·축합할 때의 반응액의 고형분 농도는 통상 0.1 내지 50 중량%이다.
이와 같이 얻어지는 본 발명의 조성물의 전고형분 농도는 바람직하게는 2 내지 50 중량%, 바람직하게는 2 내지 30 중량%이고, 사용 목적에 따라서 적절하게 조절된다. 조성물의 전고형분 농도가 2 내지 50 중량%이면 도포막의 막 두께가 적당한 범위가 되어 보존 안정성도 보다 우수하다.
또한 이 전고형분 농도의 조절은 필요하면 농축 및 상기 (C) 용매에 의한 희 석에 의해서 이루어진다.
이와 같이 얻어지는 본 발명의 조성물은 필요에 따라 필터로 여과한 후, 사용할 수 있다.
필터는 폴리에스테르, 폴리카르보네이트, 셀룰로오즈, 셀룰로오즈 아세테이트, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리에틸술폰, 사불화에틸렌 (PTFE), 폴리아미드 등의 재질의 것을 사용할 수 있다. 바람직하게는 공경 0.2 ㎛ 이하의 PTFE제 필터, 특히 바람직하게는 공경 0.05 ㎛ 이하의 PTFE제 필터를 사용하는 것이 조성물 중의 이물을 제거하여 얻어지는 도막의 균일성이 우수하다는 점에서 바람직하다.
상기와 같은 필터는 재질이나 공경이 상이한 것을 조합하여 사용할 수 있으며 또한 동일한 재질이나 공경이 상이한 것을 복수개 조합하여 사용할 수도 있다.
본 발명의 조성물을 이용하여 막을 형성하기 위해서는, 우선 본 발명의 조성물을 기판에 도포하고 도포막을 형성한다.
여기서, 본 발명의 조성물을 도포할 수 있는 기판으로는 반도체, 유리, 세라믹스, 금속 등을 들 수 있다.
또한 도포 방법으로는 스핀 코트, 침지, 롤러 블레이드법 등을 들 수 있다.
본 발명의 조성물은 특히 실리콘 웨이퍼, SiO2 웨이퍼, SiN 웨이퍼 등의 상면절연막으로 도포되는 것이 적합하다.
이 때의 가열 방법으로는 핫 플레이트, 오븐, 퍼니스 등을 사용할 수 있으며, 가열 분위기로는 대기하, 질소 분위기, 아르곤 분위기, 진공하, 산소 농도를 조절한 감압하 등일 수 있다.
여기서, 가열 처리 조건은 질소 분위기, 아르곤 분위기, 진공하 또는 산소 농도 100 ppm 이하로 조절한 감압하에서, 450 ℃ 이하의 온도로 처리하는 것이 바람직하다.
또한, 상기 (A) 성분의 경화 속도를 제어하기 위해서 필요에 따라 단계적으로 가열하거나 질소, 공기, 산소, 감압 등의 분위기를 선택할 수 있다.
이와 같이 얻어지는 본 발명의 막의 비유전율은 저비유전율이며, 통상 2.7 내지 1.5, 바람직하게는 2.6 내지 1.5, 더욱 바람직하게는 2.5 내지 15이다.
또한 본 발명의 막은 고탄성율을 가지며, 영율이 통상 3 내지 10 GPa, 바람직하게는 4 내지 10 GPa이다.
이 영율은, 본 발명에 기재된 방법으로 제조한 (A) 내지 (B) 성분의 가수분해 축합물을 본 발명 기재의 방법으로 소성함으로써 얻어진다.
또한 본 발명의 막은, 막 밀도가 통상 0.5 내지 1.4 g/㎤, 바람직하게는 0.5 내지 1.3 g/㎤, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.5 내지 1.2 g/㎤이다. 막 밀도가 0.5 g/㎤ 미만에서는 도포막의 기계적 강도가 저하되고, 한편 1.4 g/㎤을 초과하면 저비유전율을 얻을 수 없다.
또한 본 발명의 막은 흡수성이 낮은 점을 특징으로 하며, 예를 들면 도포막을 127 ℃, 2.5 atm, 100 % RH의 환경에 1 시간 방치한 경우, 방치 후의 도포막의 IR 스펙트럼 관찰로부터는 도포막으로의 물의 흡착은 확인되지 않는다.
이러한 낮은 흡수성은 예를 들면 본 발명에 있어서의 막 형성용 조성물 중의 화합물 2의 함유량을 본 발명에 기재된 범위로 함으로써 얻을 수 있다.
본 발명의 막은 절연성이 우수하고, 고탄성율이며, 또한 도포막의 균일성, 비유전율 특성, 도포막의 내크랙성, 도포막의 표면 경도가 우수하므로, LSI, 시스템 LSI, DRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, D-RDRAM 등의 반도체 소자용 층간 절연막, 반도체 소자의 표면 코트막 등의 보호막, 다층 배선 기판의 층간 절연막, 액정 표시 소자용의 보호막이나 절연막 등의 용도에 유용하다.
또한 본 발명의 절연막을 갖는 반도체 장치는 금속 배선간에 본 발명의 막을 절연막으로서 갖는다.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 들어 더욱 구체적으로 설명한다. 그러나 이하의 기재는 본 발명의 태양예를 개괄적으로 나타낸 것으로, 이러한 기재에 의해 본 발명이 한정되는 것은 아니다.
또한, 실시예 및 비교예 중의 부 및 %은, 특별히 기재하지 않은 한 각각 중량부 및 중량%를 나타낸다.
또한 각종 평가는 다음과 같이 행하였다.
중량 평균 분자량
하기 조건에 의한 겔 투과 크로마토그래피 (GPC) (굴절율, 점도, 광산란 측정) 법에 의해 측정하였다.
시료 용액: 실란 화합물의 가수분해 축합물을, 고형분 농도가 0.25%가 되도록, 10 mM의 LiBr를 함유하는 메탄올로 희석하여, GPC (굴절율, 점도, 광산란 측정)용 시료 용액으로 하였다.
장치: 도소 (주) 제품, GPC 시스템 모델 GPC-8020
도소 (주) 제품, 칼럼 Alpha 5000/3000
비스코텍사 제품, 점도 검출기 및 광산란 검출기
모델 T-60 듀얼미터
캐리어 용액: 10 mM의 LiBr를 함유하는 메탄올
캐리어 용액 이송 속도: l ㎖/min
칼럼 온도: 40 ℃
<저장 안정성>
본 발명의 조성물 80 ㎖을 용량 100 ㎖의 유리제의 나사 마개병에 넣어 밀폐하고, 40 ℃ 오토 크레이브 중에서 1 개월 방치하였다. 방치 전후의 샘플을 2,500 rpm, 31 초의 스핀 코트 조건으로 도포하고, 실시예의 방법으로 소성했을 때의 막 두께를 광학식 막 두께계(Rudolph Techno1ogies사 제품, Spectra Laser 200)로 측정하여, 그 변화율{〔(방치 후의 샘플의 막 두께-방치 전의 샘플의 막 두께)/방치 전의 샘플의 막 두께〕×100}을 산출하여, 하기 기준으로 평가하였다.
◎: 막 두께 변화율<5%
○: 막 두께 변화율<10%
×: 막 두께 변화율≥10%
<비유전율>
얻어진 막에 대하여, 증착법에 의해 알루미늄 전극 패턴을 형성시켜 비유전율 측정용 샘플을 작성하였다. 상기 샘플을 주파수 100 kHz의 주파수로, 요꼬가와 ·휴렛팩커드(주) 제품, HP16451B 전극 및 HP4284A 프래시죤 LCR 미터를 사용하여 CV 법에 의해 해당 도포막의 비유전율을 측정하였다.
<막 밀도>
밀도는 막의 두께와 면적에서 구한 체적과, 막의 중량으로부터 산출하였다.
<탄성율 (영율)>
얻어진 막을 나노인덴타 XP (MST사 제품)를 사용하여, 연속 강성 측정법에 의해 측정하였다.
<흡수성>
얻어진 도포막을 127 ℃, 2.5 atm, 100% RH의 환경에 1 시간 방치하여, 방치후의 도포막의 IR 스펙트럼을 관찰하였다. 방치 전의 도포막의 IR 스펙트럼과 비교하여 3,500 cm-l 부근의 H2O에 기인하는 흡수의 유무를 관찰하고, 흡수성을 하기 기준에 따라서 평가하였다.
○: 흡수없음
×: 흡수있음
참고예 1 〔(A-1) 성분의 제조〕
25% 암모니아수 용액 5 g, 초순수 320 g 및 에탄올 600 g의 혼합 용액 중에 메틸트리메톡시실란 15 g (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산 7.4 g)과 테트라에톡시실란 20 g (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산 5.8 g)을 첨가하여 60 ℃에서 3 시간 반응시킨 후, 프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르 200 g을 첨가하여, 이 후, 감압하에서 전용액 량 200 g이 될 때까지 농축하고, 고형분 함유량 6.6%의 (A-1) 성분 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 (A-1) 성분의 중량 평균 분자량은 30만이었다.
참고예 2 〔(A-1) 성분의 제조〕
참고예 1 기재의 (A) 성분 용액 200 g을 또한 전용액량 140 g이 될 때까지 농축하고, 그 후 아세트산의 10% 프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르 용액 10 g을 첨가하고, 고형분 함유량 8.8%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 (A) 성분의 중량 평균 분자량은 30만이었다. 또한, 전도도 적정에 의해 구한 잔류 실라놀의 카운트수는 아세트산 첨가 전후에서 변화가 확인되지 않았다.
참고예 3 〔(B) 성분의 제조〕
테트라메톡시시실란 101.3 g (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산: 40.0 g), 메틸트리메톡시실란 203.0 g (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산: l00.0 g), 디메틸디메톡시실란 97.3 g(완전 가수분해 축합물 환산: 60.0 g), 프로필렌글리콜모노프로필에테르 559.3 g, 메틸-n-펜틸케톤 239.7 g의 혼합 용액에, 말레산 1.0 g (촉매/SiOR=0.001 mol비)를 물 157.7 g (H2O/SiOR=1.0 mol비)에 녹인 수용액을, 실온에서 1 시간에 걸쳐 적하하였다. 혼합물의 적하 종료 후, 또한 60 ℃에서 2 시간 반응시킨 후, 감압하에서 전용액량 1,000 g이 될 때까지 농축하여 고형분 함유량 20%의 (B) 성분 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 (B) 성분의 중량 평균 분자량은 3,000이었다.
참고예 4 〔(A-2) 성분의 제조〕
참고예 1에 있어서, 25% 암모니아 수용액 5 g 대신에 25% 수산화테트라메틸 암모늄 0.5 g을 사용한 것 이외에는 참고예 1과 동일하게 하여 중량 평균 분자량 100만의 성분을 얻었다. 이 성분을 참고예 2와 동일하게 처리하였다. 얻어진 (A-2) 성분의 중량 평균 분자량은 100만이었다. 또한 전도도 적정에 의해 구한 잔류 실라놀의 카운트수는 아세트산 첨가 전후에서 변화가 확인되지 않았다.
비교 참고예 1
초순수 320 g 대신에 초순수 32 g, 에탄올 600 g 대신에 에탄올 888 g을 사용한 것 이외는, 참고예 1과 동일한 조작을 하여, 고형분 함유량 6.6%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 조성물의 중량 평균 분자량은 4만이었다.
실시예 1
참고예 1 기재의 (A-1) 성분 용액 96.5 g과, 참고예 3 기재의 (B) 성분 용액 3.5 g을 혼합하여, 고형분 함유량 7.1%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 조성물을 20.32 cm (8 인치) 실리콘 웨이퍼상에 스핀 코트법에 의해 도포하고, 대기중 80 ℃에서 5 분간, 계속해서 질소하 200 ℃에서 5 분간 가열한 후 또한 진공하에서 340 ℃, 360 ℃, 380 ℃의 순으로 각각 30 분간씩 가열하고, 또한 진공하 425 ℃에서 1 시간 가열하여 무색 투명의 막을 형성하였다. 얻어진 막의 평가 결과를 표 1에 나타낸다.
실시예 2
참고예 2 기재의 (A-1) 성분 용액 84.1 g과, 참고예 3 기재의 (B) 성분 용액 15.9 g을 혼합하고, 고형분 함유량 10.6%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 조성물을 20.32 cm (8 인치) 실리콘 웨이퍼상에 스핀 코트법에 의해 도포하고, 대기중 80 ℃에서 5분 간, 계속해서 질소하 200 ℃에서 5 분간 가열한 후, 또한 진공하에서 340 ℃, 360 ℃, 380 ℃의 순으로 각각 30 분간씩 가열하고, 또한 진공하 425 ℃에서 l 시간 가열하여 무색 투명의 막을 형성하였다. 얻어진 막의 평가 결과를 표 l에 나타낸다.
실시예 3
참고예 4 기재의 (A-2) 성분 용액 84.1 g과, 참고예 3 기재의 (B) 성분 용액 15.9 g을 혼합하고, 고형분 함유량 10.6%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 조성물을 20.32 cm (8 인치) 실리콘 웨이퍼 상에 스핀 코트법에 의해 도포하고, 대기중 80 ℃에서 5 분간, 계속해서 질소하 200 ℃에서 5 분간 가열한 후, 또한 진공하에서 340 ℃, 360 ℃, 380 ℃의 순으로 각각 30 분간씩 가열하고, 또한 진공하 425 ℃에서 l 시간 가열하여 무색 투명의 막을 형성하였다. 얻어진 막의 평가 결과를 표 l에 나타낸다.
비교예 1
비교 참고예 1 기재의 조성물 용액 87.6 g과, 참고예 3 기재의 (B) 성분 용액 12.4 g을 혼합하고, 고형분 함유량 8.3%의 조성물 용액을 얻었다. 얻어진 조성물을 20.32 cm (8 인치) 실리콘 웨이퍼상에 스핀 코트법에 의해 도포하고, 대기중 80 ℃에서 5 분간, 계속해서 질소하 200 ℃에서 5 분간 가열한 후, 또한 진공하에서 340 ℃, 360 ℃, 380 ℃의 순으로 각각 30 분간씩 가열하고, 또한 진공하 425 ℃에서 1 시간 가열하여 무색 투명의 막을 형성하였다. 얻어진 막의 평가 결과를 표 1에 나타낸다.
실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 비교예 1 | |
저장 안정성 | ○ | ◎ | ◎ | ○ |
비유전율 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.8 |
막 밀도 (g/㎤) | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
탄성율 (GPa) | 5.1 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.6 |
흡수성 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
본 발명에 의하면, 얻어지는 막이 저비유전율 및 고탄성율이며, 반도체 소자 등에 있어서의 층간 절연막 재료로서 유용한 폴리오르가노실록산계의 막 형성용 조성물을 제공할 수 있다.
Claims (10)
- (A) 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 및 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 알칼리 촉매의 존재하에 가수분해하고 축합한 가수분해 축합물, 및(B) 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물, 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 및 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물의 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 실란 화합물을 산 촉매의 존재하에 가수분해하고 축합한 가수분해 축합물을, (A) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산) 100 중량부에 대하여 (B) 성분 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산) 1 내지 900 중량부로 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 막 형성용 조성물.<화학식 1>RaSi(OR1)4-a<화학식 2>Si(OR2)4<화학식 3>R3 b(R4O)3-bSi-(R7)d-Si(OR5)3-cR6 c상기 식들에서,R은 수소 원자, 불소 원자 또는 1가의 유기기를 나타내며, R1 및 R2는 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,R3 내지 R6는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 각각 1가의 유기기를 나타내고,R7은 산소 원자, 페닐렌기 또는 -(CH2)n-으로 표시되는 기 (여기서, n은 1 내지 6의 정수임)을 나타내고,a는 1 내지 2의 정수를 나타내고,b 및 c는 서로 동일하거나 상이하며 0 내지 2의 정수이고,d는 0 또는 1을 나타낸다.
- 제1항에 있어서, (A) 성분의 가수분해 축합물의 GPC법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량이 5만 내지 1,000만인 막 형성용 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, (B) 성분의 가수분해 축합물의 GPC법에 의한 중량 평균 분자량이 500 내지 30만인 막 형성용 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, (A) 성분이 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물의 가수분해 축합물 (완전 가수분해 축합물 환산)을 5 내지 75 중량% 함유하는 막 형성용 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, (A) 성분이 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 및 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물을 포함하는 실란 화합물의 가수분해 축합물인 막 형성용 조성물.
- 삭제
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, pH가 7 이하인 막 형성용 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항 기재의 막 형성용 조성물을 기판에 도포하고 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 막의 형성 방법.
- 제8항 기재의 막 형성 방법에 의해서 얻어지는 절연막.
- 제9항 기재의 절연막을 갖는 반도체 장치.
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EP (1) | EP1090967B1 (ko) |
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KR100677782B1 (ko) | 2000-01-17 | 2007-02-05 | 제이에스알 가부시끼가이샤 | 절연막 형성용 재료의 제조 방법 |
US6902771B2 (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2005-06-07 | Jsr Corporation | Process for producing silica-based film, silica-based film, insulating film, and semiconductor device |
US7128976B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2006-10-31 | Jsr Corporation | Composition for film formation, method of film formation, and silica-based film |
JP2002012638A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-15 | Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co Ltd | 高エネルギー線硬化性組成物および樹脂成形体 |
JP2002285086A (ja) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Jsr Corp | 膜形成用組成物、膜の形成方法およびシリカ系膜 |
KR20020095103A (ko) | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-20 | 제이에스알 가부시끼가이샤 | 실리카막의 형성 방법, 실리카막, 절연막 및 반도체 장치 |
JP2003100738A (ja) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-04 | Jsr Corp | 積層体、積層体の形成方法、絶縁膜ならびに半導体用基板 |
US7307343B2 (en) | 2002-05-30 | 2007-12-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Low dielectric materials and methods for making same |
US7122880B2 (en) | 2002-05-30 | 2006-10-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Compositions for preparing low dielectric materials |
JP2004269693A (ja) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-30 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 多孔質膜形成用組成物及びその製造方法、多孔質膜の製造方法、多孔質膜、層間絶縁膜、及び半導体装置 |
US20040198882A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-07 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silica-containing coating composition for forming films and method for forming silica-containing films |
JP4409515B2 (ja) | 2003-04-09 | 2010-02-03 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 絶縁膜形成用コーティング組成物、その組成物を使用した低誘電絶縁膜の製造方法、その組成物より製造される半導体素子用低誘電絶縁膜およびその絶縁膜からなる半導体素子 |
JP4465233B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-30 | 2010-05-19 | 三星電子株式会社 | 多官能性環状シロキサン化合物、この化合物から製造されたシロキサン系重合体及びこの重合体を用いた絶縁膜の製造方法 |
US7504470B2 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2009-03-17 | Silecs Oy | Polyorganosiloxane dielectric materials |
JP4437456B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-20 | 2010-03-24 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 塗膜形成方法 |
JP2008205008A (ja) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-09-04 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 半導体層間絶縁膜形成用組成物とその製造方法、膜形成方法と半導体装置 |
JP2008201832A (ja) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-09-04 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | シロキサン重合体とその製造方法、該重合体を含有する多孔質膜形成用塗布液ならびに多孔質膜と、該多孔質膜を用いた半導体装置 |
JP2008201833A (ja) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-09-04 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 膜形成用組成物、低誘電率絶縁膜、低誘電率絶縁膜の形成方法及び半導体装置 |
US8642246B2 (en) | 2007-02-26 | 2014-02-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions, coatings and films for tri-layer patterning applications and methods of preparation thereof |
CN101641767B (zh) * | 2007-03-16 | 2013-10-30 | 富士通株式会社 | 硅系绝缘膜的蚀刻后处理剂、半导体装置的制造方法以及半导体装置 |
US8557877B2 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2013-10-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Anti-reflective coatings for optically transparent substrates |
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JP3517890B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-18 | 2004-04-12 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶表示素子用絶縁膜形成用塗布液 |
US5733644A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1998-03-31 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Curable composition and method for preparing the same |
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US6090448A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2000-07-18 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Polyol-based precursors for producing nanoporous silica thin films |
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- 2000-09-28 EP EP20000121101 patent/EP1090967B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US6410150B1 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
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EP1090967A2 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
DE60043285D1 (de) | 2009-12-24 |
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