JPWO2011013247A1 - 脂肪性肝炎−肝癌モデル動物 - Google Patents
脂肪性肝炎−肝癌モデル動物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(1)肝細胞において大滴性の脂肪沈着が観察され,肝細胞の風船様膨化が観察された。
(2)炎症性細胞浸潤が認められた。
(3)中心静脈を中心とした線維化が観察された。
(1)肝細胞の脂肪変性、線維化が門脈周囲ではなく、ヒトの病理組織と同様に中心静脈を中心に進行して行く。
(2)病態の進行により、脂肪沈着、炎症細胞の消失が観察されるが肝線維化のみが観察されるヒトの"burned-out NASH"と呼ばれる病理組織像も観察される。
〔1〕 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与して作製される脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物、
〔2〕 前記脂肪性肝炎が非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎である、〔1〕に記載の非ヒト動物、
〔3〕 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与して作製される糖尿病モデル非ヒト動物、
〔4〕 前記臓器炎症誘導剤がN-アセチル-β-D-グルコサミニダーゼ阻害剤である、〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物、
〔5〕 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与し、高脂肪食を用いて飼育することにより脂肪肝を生じさせる工程を含む、〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物、
〔6〕 前記非ヒト動物がマウスである、〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物、
〔7〕 非ヒト動物の臓器へ炎症を誘導する工程を含む、脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物の生産方法、
〔8〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、脂肪性肝炎の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法、
(a)〔1〕に記載の脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程
〔9〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の脂肪性肝炎の改善に対する薬効評価方法、
(a)〔1〕に記載の脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程
〔10〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、糖尿病性疾患の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法、
(a)〔3〕に記載の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患に対する改善効果を評価する工程
〔11〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の糖尿病性疾患の治療もしくは予防のための薬剤における副作用のリスク評価方法、
(a)〔3〕に記載の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬剤を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患の治療もしくは予防のための薬剤の副作用を評価する工程
〔12〕 〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物をさらに飼育して作製される、肝癌モデル非ヒト動物、
〔13〕 以下の病理学的形態によって構造的に特徴付けられる、〔12〕に記載の非ヒト動物、
(a)塊状型の索状肝細胞癌
(b)炎症性細胞の浸潤
(c)正常肝細胞を圧排するように発育した肝硬変由来の肝臓癌
〔14〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、肝癌の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法、
(a)〔12〕または〔13〕に記載の肝癌モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程
〔15〕 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の肝癌治療に対する薬効評価方法、
(a)〔12〕または〔13〕に記載の肝癌モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程
を、提供するものである。
各週齢時のマウスを屠殺して、肝臓を中心に各臓器を病理組織学的に解析し(HE染色、脂肪染色、マクロファージ、線維芽細胞の免疫染色)、NAS (NAFLD Activity Score, 参考文献:Kleiner DE et al. Hepatology. 2005 Jun;41(6):1313-21.)を算出し病理像を詳細に検討した。本発明のモデル動物は、ヒトにおいて使用されるNAFLD Activity Scoreを用いてNASHの判定を行うことが可能であり、NASHモデル動物として非常に有用である。
また、血清生化学検査では富士ドライケムを用いて検討し、遺伝子発現解析はtakara Real-Time RT-PCRを用いて検討した。
本発明の好ましい態様としては、臓器炎症誘導剤を投与して作製される脂肪性肝炎モデル動物(本明細書において「本発明のモデル動物」と記載する場合あり)を提供する。
本発明における臓器炎症誘導剤としては、好ましくは、N-アセチル-β-D-グルコサミニダーゼ阻害剤が挙げられる。
(1) 肝細胞において大滴性の脂肪沈着が観察され、肝細胞の風船様膨化が観察される。
(2) 炎症性細胞浸潤が認められる。
(3) 中心静脈を中心とした線維化が観察される。
(a)本発明の脂肪性肝炎モデル動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程
(a)本発明の脂肪性肝炎モデル動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程
(a)本発明の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患に対する改善効果を評価する工程
即ち本発明は、本発明の糖尿病モデル動物を用いた、医薬品の副作用のリスク評価方法を提供する。
(a)本発明の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬剤を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患の治療もしくは予防のための薬剤の副作用を評価する工程
(a)塊状型の索状肝細胞癌
(b)炎症性細胞の浸潤
(c)正常肝細胞を圧排するように発育した肝硬変由来の肝臓癌
(a)本発明の肝癌モデル動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程
(a)本発明の肝癌モデル動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程
なお本明細書において引用された全ての先行技術文献は、参照として本明細書に組み入れられる。
(a)NASHモデルマウスの作製
妊娠C57BL6J/JJcl, C3H/HeNJcl, BALB/cByJJcl(日本クレア社製)、C57BL6J/NCrlCrlj(日本チャールズリバー社製)を飼育、出産させた。出生後2日齢のC57BL6J/JcL, BALB/cByJJcl, C3H/HeNJclマウス雄(日本クレア社製)の各々の膵臓β細胞のN-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase)に、特異的に細胞毒性を与え(例えばstreptozotocin 10 mg/mL(SIGMA社製)を20μL/headを皮下注射するなど)、膵臓へ炎症を与えて、末梢組織へ直接的または間接的に炎症を惹起し、インスリン抵抗性を引き起こした。4週齢までCE-2(日本クレア社製)の飼料、滅菌水を与え飼育し、満4週齢で離乳させた後より粗脂肪含量が通常食よりも高い(or 約30%以上の)High Fat Diet食(日本クレア社製)またはD12492(リサーチダイエット社製)、滅菌水を与え、20週齢まで飼育した。
各週齢にてマウスを24時間の絶食の後、エーテル麻酔下で屠殺、採血を行い、各臓器をOCT compound(sakura fine technical社製)にて凍結後、切片化して病理学的解析を行った。本モデルでは、血清生化学的検査においては、正常個体群に比べ、空腹時血糖、Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)、及び中性脂肪の値は高く、インスリン抵抗性及び高脂血症を発症した(図1)。組織学的には5週齢時に肝細胞の膨化を伴う、顕著な脂肪肝が観察され、8週齢時には肝臓内の脂肪はほぼ消失し、ヒトのburned-out NASHと同様の組織学的病態進行を示した(図2)。6週齢時には肝臓内にマクロファージをはじめとする炎症性細胞の浸潤と集簇が観察され、肝臓の中心静脈を中心に線維化が進行した。さらに経時的な変化を観察すると8週齢時には中心動脈を結ぶように線維化が進行し、10週齢時には再生結節の形成を示し、肝硬変状態となった(図3)。また病理組織像よりNASを算出した結果、NASH期には平均値5となり、この値の変化により、薬理効果判定も可能となった(図5)。
Claims (15)
- 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与して作製される脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物。
- 前記脂肪性肝炎が非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎である、請求項1に記載の非ヒト動物。
- 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与して作製される糖尿病モデル非ヒト動物。
- 前記臓器炎症誘導剤がN-アセチル-β-D-グルコサミニダーゼ阻害剤である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物。
- 臓器炎症誘導剤を投与し、高脂肪食を用いて飼育することにより脂肪肝を生じさせる工程を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物。
- 前記非ヒト動物がマウスである、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物。
- 非ヒト動物の臓器へ炎症を誘導する工程を含む、脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物の生産方法。
- 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、脂肪性肝炎の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法。
(a)請求項1に記載の脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程 - 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の脂肪性肝炎の改善に対する薬効評価方法。
(a)請求項1に記載の脂肪性肝炎モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)脂肪性肝炎に対する改善効果を評価する工程 - 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、糖尿病性疾患の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法。
(a)請求項3に記載の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患に対する改善効果を評価する工程 - 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の糖尿病性疾患の治療もしくは予防のための薬剤における副作用のリスク評価方法。
(a)請求項3に記載の糖尿病性疾患モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬剤を投与する工程
(b)糖尿病性疾患の治療もしくは予防のための薬剤の副作用を評価する工程 - 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の非ヒト動物をさらに飼育して作製される、肝癌モデル非ヒト動物。
- 以下の病理学的形態によって構造的に特徴付けられる、請求項12に記載の非ヒト動物。
(a)塊状型の索状肝細胞癌
(b)炎症性細胞の浸潤
(c)正常肝細胞を圧排するように発育した肝硬変由来の肝臓癌 - 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、肝癌の治療用もしくは予防用物質のスクリーニング方法。
(a)請求項12または13に記載の肝癌モデル非ヒト動物へ被検物質を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程 - 以下の工程(a)および(b)を含む、薬物の肝癌治療に対する薬効評価方法。
(a)請求項12または13に記載の肝癌モデル非ヒト動物へ被検薬物を投与する工程
(b)肝癌に対する治療効果を評価する工程
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