JPWO2015174419A1 - Blood purification equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

It is possible to easily connect the blood purification circuit and the blood purification device, and to reduce the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost, and to discharge the drainage from the drainage container. Provided is a blood purification apparatus that can be automatically discharged outside the apparatus. In the blood purification apparatus provided with the blood purification circuit 1 and the dialyzer 2, the connection flow paths (ad) are respectively extended from the ports (connection portions) of the dialyzer 2, and the connection flow paths (ad) are connected to each other. The dialyzer 2 and the blood purification circuit 1 can be connected to each other, and the first connector 3 formed by bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit 1 and the connection flow paths (a to d) A second connector 4 formed by bundling the distal end portion, and the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected so that the blood purification circuits 1 corresponding to the connection portion of the dialyzer 2 can communicate with each other. It has been done.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body.

  In general, a blood purification apparatus for performing dialysis treatment purifies blood circulating extracorporeally in an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit that constitute a blood circuit for circulating a patient's blood extracorporeally. Blood purifier, and a device body on which various treatment means such as a blood pump for blood purification treatment with the blood circuit and the blood purifier are arranged. An arterial puncture needle and a venous puncture needle can be attached to the tips of the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit, respectively.

  Then, after puncturing the patient with the arterial puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle, the patient's patient flows through the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit by driving the blood pump. Blood is purified by a purifier. In dialysis treatment, a dialysate introduction tube for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier and a dialysate lead-out tube for extracting dialysate from the blood purifier are connected to the blood purifier, respectively. .

  Usually, when blood purification treatment is performed, it is necessary to connect the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit constituting the blood circuit, the dialysate introduction tube and the dialysate lead tube, respectively, to the blood purifier, The connection work is troublesome, and careful connection work is required so as not to connect by mistake. In order to solve this problem, a blood purification apparatus in which a blood purification circuit having a blood circuit or the like and a blood purification device are integrated has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-6-292722

  However, in the above-described conventional blood purification apparatus, the blood purification circuit having a blood circuit and the like and the blood purification device are integrated, so that the connection work before the blood purification treatment is unnecessary and the workability is improved. Although there are many types of blood circuits, etc. and blood purifiers depending on their use (for children or adults) and performance (difference depending on the treatment mode, etc.), such blood circuits, etc. When integrating the blood purifier and the blood purifier, there are numerous combinations and it is necessary to prepare them.

  Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture and prepare combinations with extremely low use frequency, which increases the manufacturing cost and holds many combinations with high and low use frequencies as inventory. Since this is necessary, there is a problem that the cost for maintenance increases.

  By the way, a dialysate introduction tube is connected to a storage bag (dialysate storage container) containing dialysate, and a dialysate lead-out tube is connected to a storage bag (drainage storage container) that can store drainage. When blood purification treatment is performed with a blood purification device that is configured to introduce the dialysis fluid into the blood purification device and lead out the drainage, when the drainage container is full, it is drained manually. There was also a problem that it was necessary to dispose of the liquid.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can easily connect the blood purification circuit and the blood purifier, and can reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blood purification apparatus capable of automatically discharging drainage liquid from the drainage storage container to the outside of the apparatus.

  The invention according to claim 1 is connectable to a blood purification circuit having an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit constituting at least a blood circuit for extracorporeally circulating blood of a patient, and the blood purification circuit A blood purifier having a plurality of connection portions and purifying blood circulating outside the body in the blood circuit, and various treatment means for performing blood purification treatment in the blood circuit and the blood purifier are provided. In the blood purification apparatus comprising the apparatus main body, a connection flow path is extended from each connection portion of the blood purification device, and the blood purification device and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow channel. A first connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit, and a second connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the connection flow path, the first connector And Wherein the blood purification circuit corresponding to the connection portion of the blood purifier by the second connector is connected is allowed to communicate with each other, respectively.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, the blood purification circuit introduces a dialysate introduction tube for introducing a dialysate into the blood purifier, and derives the dialysate from the blood purifier. The distal end of the dialysate introduction tube and the dialysate lead-out tube are connected to the second connector while being bundled together with the distal end portion of the blood circuit.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the first or second aspect, in a state where the first connector and the second connector are connected, the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit and the connection flow path It is characterized in that the front end of the can be sealed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, the first connector and the second connector are formed with a mark that allows a normal type or a connection direction to be visually recognized. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the first connector and the second connector can be connected only to a regular type or a connection direction. It has a shape.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising detection means capable of detecting a connection state of the first connector and the second connector. To do.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the apparatus main body detects that the first connector and the second connector are connected by the detecting means. The liquid feeding is performed by the purification circuit.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first connector or the second connector identifies specific information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device. It is characterized in that an enabling identification means is formed.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the eighth aspect, the identification means comprises an identification code assigned to the first connector or the second connector, and the reading means disposed on the apparatus main body. The unique information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device can be identified by reading the information of the identification code.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the ninth aspect, the apparatus main body includes a display unit capable of displaying information of the identification code read by the reading unit.

  The invention according to claim 11 is the blood purification device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the device main body can be held only when the first connector and the second connector are connected. And the identification means can be identified while the first connector and the second connector are held by the holding means.

  The invention according to claim 12 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the apparatus main body can limit a treatment condition based on information identified by the identification means. Features.

  According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, at least a blood purification circuit having an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit constituting a blood circuit for circulating the patient's blood extracorporeally can be connected to the blood purification circuit. A blood purifier having a plurality of connection portions and purifying blood circulating outside the body in the blood circuit, and various treatment means for performing blood purification treatment in the blood circuit and the blood purifier are provided. In the blood purification apparatus comprising the apparatus main body, the blood purification circuit is connected to a dialysate storage container containing dialysate, a dialysate introduction tube for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier, and a drain. A dialysis fluid outlet tube that is connected to a drainage storage container that can store a liquid and that drains the drainage from the blood purifier; and is connected to the drainage storage container, and the drainage is discharged from the drainage storage container. Outside the device And having a discharge tube for discharging, to the discharge tube, characterized in that the drainage liquid feed can pump disposed.

  A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, wherein the pump disposed in the discharge tube is a squeezed pump.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the thirteenth or fourteenth aspect, the drain tube has an extending portion that extends at least to a position higher than the dialysis fluid storage container. And

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect, the extending portion has an outside air intake means for restricting the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while allowing the outside air to be introduced into the channel. It is attached.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the connection flow path is extended from the connection portion of the blood purifier, and the blood purifier and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow path. And a first connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit, and a second connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the connection flow path, wherein the first connector and the second connector are connected to each other. As a result, the blood purification circuits corresponding to the connection portions of the blood purification device can be communicated with each other, so that the connection operation between the blood purification circuit and the blood purification device can be easily performed and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, the cost for maintenance can be reduced.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the distal ends of the dialysate introduction tube and the dialysate lead-out tube are connected to the second connector while being bundled together with the distal end of the blood circuit, the first connector and the second connector are connected. By doing so, the blood circuit corresponding to the connection part of the blood purifier, the dialysate introduction tube, and the dialysate outlet tube can be communicated with each other.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the tip of the blood purification circuit and the tip of the connection flow path can be sealed in a state where the first connector and the second connector are connected, During liquid feeding, it is possible to prevent liquid from leaking and to perform sealing work simultaneously with connection work.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the first connector and the second connector are formed with the mark that allows the normal type or the direction of the connection to be visually recognized, so that it is possible to suppress erroneous connection during connection work.

  According to invention of Claim 5, since the 1st connector and the 2nd connector have the shape which enables a connection only in a regular kind or the direction of a connection, it can prevent erroneous connection at the time of connection work reliably. it can.

  According to invention of Claim 6, since the detection means which can detect the connection state of a 1st connector and a 2nd connector was provided, the operation | work and operation | movement according to the said connection state can be performed.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the apparatus main body causes the blood purification circuit to perform liquid feeding on the condition that the detection means detects that the first connector and the second connector are connected. It can be avoided that the first connector and the second connector are fed to the blood purifier without being connected.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the first connector or the second connector is formed with the identification means that can identify the specific information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device. Can be reliably and smoothly performed.

  According to invention of Claim 9, an identification means consists of the identification code provided to the 1st connector or the 2nd connector, blood is read by reading the information of the said identification code with the reading means arrange | positioned at the apparatus main body. Since the unique information of the circuit for purification or blood purifier can be identified, more unique information can be given.

  According to the invention of claim 10, since the apparatus main body includes the display means capable of displaying the information of the identification code read by the reading means, the specific information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purifier is given to the medical staff. Can be visually recognized.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, the apparatus main body includes the holding means that can be held only when the first connector and the second connector are connected, and the first connector and the second connector are held by the holding means. Since the identification means can be identified in the connected state, the first connector and the second connector are always connected when the identification means is identified, and it is ensured that the connection of the first connector and the second connector is forgotten. Can be prevented.

  According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the apparatus main body can limit the treatment conditions based on the information identified by the identification means, so that the safety of the blood purification treatment can be further improved.

  According to the invention of claim 13, the blood purification circuit is connected to the dialysate storage container containing the dialysate, and can contain the dialysate introduction tube for introducing the dialysate into the blood purifier, and the drainage. A dialysate outlet tube connected to the drainage storage container and leading the drainage from the blood purifier, and a discharge tube connected to the drainage storage container and discharging the drainage from the drainage storage container to the outside of the apparatus In addition, since the discharge tube is provided with a pump capable of feeding the drainage, the drainage can be automatically drained from the drainage container to the outside of the apparatus.

  According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the pump disposed in the discharge tube is a squeezing type pump, so that the sewage type pump is driven to discharge the effluent from the effluent storage container to the outside of the apparatus. In addition, the flow path of the discharge tube can be closed by stopping.

  According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, since the discharge tube has an extending portion that extends at least to a position higher than the dialysate container, it is possible to prevent the drainage from unintentionally leaking from the discharge tube. be able to.

  According to the invention of claim 16, since the outside air intake means for restricting the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of the outside air into the channel is attached to the extension portion, The liquid can be discharged out of the apparatus more smoothly and reliably.

The front view and side view which show the blood purification apparatus (state before attaching a blood purification device and a connector to an apparatus main body) which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. II view in FIG. Front view and side view showing the blood purification apparatus (with the blood purifier and connector attached to the apparatus main body) The schematic diagram which shows the connection relation of the 1st connector and the 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus Schematic diagram showing the connection relationship during blood purification treatment in the blood purification apparatus The perspective view which shows the state in which the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus were connected. The top view which shows the state in which the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus were connected VIII-VIII line sectional view in FIG. The perspective view which shows the 1st connector in the blood purification apparatus The perspective view which shows the 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus Block diagram showing the overall configuration of the blood purification apparatus Table for storing unique information in the storage unit of the blood purification apparatus Flow chart showing control contents in the blood purification apparatus The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the blood purification apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Flow chart showing control contents of the blood purification apparatus The schematic diagram which shows the blood purification apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the blood purification apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIGS. Mainly from a dialyzer 2 as a purifier, a first connector 3, a second connector 4, and a dialysis apparatus body 8 (corresponding to the "apparatus body" of the present invention) having a reading means 13, a control unit 17, and the like. It is configured.

  The dialyzer 2 is configured by housing a plurality of hollow fibers in which micropores (pores) are formed in a casing portion, and the casing portion has a plurality of connection portions connectable to the blood purification circuit 1. A blood introduction port 2a, a blood outlet port 2b, a dialysate inlet port 2c, and a dialysate outlet port 2d are formed. Further, in the present embodiment, connection flow paths (a to d) each made of a flexible tube extend from the blood introduction port 2a, the blood lead-out port 2b, the dialysate introduction port 2c, and the dialysate lead-out port 2d. Has been.

  The blood purification circuit 1 includes an arterial blood circuit 1a in which an arterial puncture needle can be attached to the proximal end, a venous blood circuit 1b in which a venous puncture needle can be attached to the proximal end, and a dialyzer 2. A dialysate introduction tube (1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) for introducing dialysate and a dialysate lead tube (1g, 1h) for extracting dialysate (drainage) from the dialyzer 2 are provided. Further, the blood purification circuit 1 according to the present embodiment includes a replacement fluid introduction tube (1e ', 1f') branched from the dialysate introduction tube 1e. Furthermore, the blood purification circuit 1 according to the present embodiment has a main body H, and the main body H is formed with flexible iron tubes (D1 to D5) for ironing.

  The flexible tube D1 for ironing is connected to the middle of the artery side blood circuit 1a (between the tubes 1aa and 1ab constituting the artery side blood circuit), and the ironing pump P1 disposed in the dialyzer body 8 It is attached to (blood pump). Further, the ironing flexible tube D2 is connected in the middle of the dialysate introduction tube (1c, 1d), and the ironing flexible tube D3 is a replacement fluid introduction tube (1e ′, 1f ′). Connected in the middle and attached to the ironing pumps P2 and P3 disposed in the dialyzer body 8 respectively. Furthermore, the ironing flexible tube D4 is connected to the dialysate outlet tube (1g, 1h) and attached to the ironing pump P4 provided in the dialyzer body 8. The ironing flexible tube D5 is attached to the ironing-type pump P5 and can ensure the accuracy of the weigh scale 7 by discharging the liquid accumulated in the storage bag B2 by driving out of the system. .

  Then, the main body H is fitted and attached to a portion (stator) where the peristaltic pumps P1 to P5 in the dialyzer main body 8 are disposed (see FIGS. 1 and 2), and the cover 12 is closed (see FIG. 3). Thus, the flexible tubes (D1 to D4) for ironing are collectively attached to the ironing pumps (P1 to P4). Thus, after puncturing the patient with the arterial puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle, when the ironing pump P1 (blood pump) is driven, the patient's blood is circulated extracorporeally in the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b. It has become possible to let you.

  In addition, a storage bag B1 that stores dialysate to be supplied to the dialyzer 2 is connected to the base end of the dialysate introduction tube (1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) (base end of the tube 1c). Between the tube 1d and the tube 1e), a heating bag 5 for heating the dialysate is connected, and at the base end of the dialysate outlet tube (1g, 1h) (base end of the tube 1h) A storage bag B2 for storing the dialysate (drainage) discharged from the dialyzer 2 is connected.

  When the peristaltic pump P2 is driven, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 flows toward the dialyzer 2, and when the peristaltic pump P4 is driven, the dialysate (drainage) in the dialyzer 2 is directed toward the storage bag B2. Will flow. The storage bags B1 and B2 are configured to be respectively hooked on hooks F disposed on the dialyzer main body 8, and weights are measured in real time by the weigh scales 6 and 7. Thereby, the dialysate can be supplied to the dialyzer 2 at the set flow rate, and the dialysate can be discharged from the dialyzer 2.

  In the present embodiment, a flexible tube D3 for ironing is connected between the replacement fluid introduction tube 1e 'branched from the dialysate introduction tube 1e and the replacement fluid introduction tube 1f' connected to the venous blood circuit 1b. The flexible tube D3 for ironing is attached to the ironing pump P3. Then, by driving the ironing pumps P2 and P3, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 can be supplied to the venous blood circuit 1b to be replenished. Alternatively, the tip of the replacement fluid introduction tube 1f 'may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a, and the dialysate may be supplied to the arterial blood circuit 1a for replacement.

  Here, in this embodiment, the connection flow paths (ad) are respectively extended from a plurality of connection portions (each port) of the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier), and the connection flow paths (ad) are connected to the connection flow paths (ad). The dialyzer 2 and the blood purification circuit 1 can be connected to each other, and the tip of the blood purification circuit 1 (specifically, the tube 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a, the venous blood circuit 1b, The first connector 3 formed by bundling the tube 1 f of the dialysate introduction tube and the tip 1 g of the tube 1 g of the dialysate lead-out tube, and connection flow paths (ad) extending from each port of the dialyzer 2 2 and the second connector 4 formed by bundling the distal ends of the two, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected to thereby dialyzer 2 (blood purifier). Connections (each For blood purification circuit corresponding is allowed to communicate with each other respectively over g).

  As shown in FIG. 9, the first connector 3 is formed with a locked portion 3 a, a concave shape 3 b, and a connection port 3 c that communicates with the tip of the blood purification circuit 1. As shown in FIG. 10, the connector 4 is formed with a locking claw 4 a, a convex shape 4 b, and a connection port 4 c that communicates with the tip of the connection channel (ad). And when the 1st connector 3 and the 2nd connector 4 are connected, as shown to FIG. 6, 7, while the latching claw 4a latches to the to-be-latched part 3a, the convex shape 4b becomes the concave shape 3b. It is designed to fit.

  Thus, in a state where the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, the locking claw 4a is locked to the locked portion 3a, so that the connection of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 is inadvertent. Can be prevented from being released. The second connector 4 is formed with an operation portion 4d for unlocking the locking claws 4a. By operating the operation portion 4d, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected. Can be released.

  In addition, since the convex shape 4b is configured to fit into the concave shape 3b in a state where the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, it is possible to connect only to a regular type or a connection direction. ing. That is, when the types of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are not regular or when the directions are opposite to each other, the convex shape 4b is not fitted into the concave shape 3b. It is possible to prevent the second connector 4 from being erroneously connected. In the present embodiment, shapes (concave shape 3b and convex shape 4b) that can be connected only to the regular type or the direction of connection are formed in a part of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4. However, the whole connecting portion of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 may have a shape that enables connection only in a regular type or a connection direction.

  Further, in a state where the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, as shown in FIG. 8, each connection port 3c is configured to be tightly fitted to each connection port 4c. Thereby, the blood purification circuit 1 and the connection flow paths (a to d) communicate with each other to allow the liquid to flow, and the front end of the blood purification circuit 1 and the front ends of the connection flow paths (a to d). The part is sealed to prevent leakage when the liquid flows. In the state where the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, a separate sealing material for sealing the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit 1 and the distal end portion of the connection flow paths (a to d) is provided. May be.

  However, the legitimate type or the direction in which the connection direction can be visually recognized may be formed on the first connector 3 and the second connector 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the tube connected to the first connector 3 FIG. 15 shows colored portions m1 to m4 (marks) that are arbitrarily color-coded, and colored portions m1 to m4 that are colored according to the tubes connected to the second connector 4, respectively. As shown, the mark m5 may be formed on each of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4, and the normal type or the direction of connection may be visible. Note that the number of tubes connected to the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 is not limited to four, and any number (multiple) may be used. Even in this case, as shown in FIGS. Further, it is preferable to form the mark m6, m7 and mark m8 which are color-coded.

  Thus, by connecting the first connector 3 and the second connector 4, the arterial blood circuit 1a is connected to the blood introduction port 2a via the connection flow path a, and the venous blood circuit 1b is connected to the connection flow path b. And the dialysate introduction tube (1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) is connected to the dialysate introduction port 2c via the connection channel c, and is connected to the dialysate introduction tube (1g, 1h). ) Is connected to the dialysate outlet port 2d via the connection channel d. As a result, the patient's blood can be purified by the dialyzer 2 in the course of extracorporeal circulation, and the dialysate can be supplied to and discharged from the dialyzer 2.

  Furthermore, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 according to the present embodiment are formed with identification means α and β that can identify unique information of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2, respectively. These identification means α and β are composed of identification codes assigned to the first connector 3 or the second connector 4, and information on the identification codes is read by the reading means 13 (see FIG. 11) provided in the dialyzer body 8. The unique information of the blood purification circuit 1 or dialyzer 2 can be identified.

  The identification means α, β according to the present embodiment is composed of a barcode (including a two-dimensional barcode called “QR code (registered trademark)”) to which information is added in a predetermined format, and from a barcode reader. Information can be optically read by the reading means 13. The identification means α and β are not limited to barcodes or the like, but are those that hold information magnetically or have projections for identification (in this case, identification is based on the position and size of the projections). May be possible).

  In particular, the identification means α and β according to the present embodiment are connected to the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (the first connector 3 or the second connector 4) when blood purification treatment or preparation (priming or the like) is performed. The unique information including the use conditions of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2) can be identified. More specifically, the use conditions as unique information in the identification means α and β include parameters indicating restrictions or tolerances related to blood purification treatment or preparation thereof, and examples thereof include the following.

  That is, the use conditions related to blood purification treatment included in the specific information include the corresponding treatment modes (CHD, CHF, CHDF, PE, etc.), the longest treatment time, the upper and lower limits of the patient weight for adaptation, the blood flow operation range Upper / lower limit values, dialysate flow rate operation range upper / lower limit values, replacement fluid flow rate operation range upper / lower limit values, blood pressure monitoring alarm upper / lower limit values, dialysate pressure monitoring alarm upper limit value / Lower limit value, upper limit value / lower limit value of fluid replacement pressure monitoring alarm, upper limit value / lower limit value of filter differential pressure monitoring alarm, upper limit value / lower limit value of TMP monitoring alarm, upper limit value / lower limit value of blood flow control range, blood return Examples include the upper and lower limits of the flow rate operation range. In addition, the usage conditions for blood purification treatment preparation (priming) include priming (liquid filling) flow rate, priming time, priming method (pump and clamp operation specifications), test method after priming, test pass range after priming, etc. Is mentioned.

  In addition, the unique information of the identification means α and β according to the present embodiment includes additional information such as the expiration date of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 in addition to the use conditions described above. As such additional information, in addition to the expiration date, for example, the name, model, manufacturer, serial number, membrane area, priming volume (of the blood purification circuit 1 or dialyzer 2 connected to the first connector 3 or the second connector 4) (Liquid filling capacity), material / component, usage method, sterilization method, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the dialysis apparatus body 8 includes various treatment means 16 (for blood purification treatment using a blood circuit (arterial blood circuit 1a and venous blood circuit 1b) and dialyzer 2 (blood purifier). An actuator such as a blood pump and sensors) and the like, and in addition to the reading means 13 described above, a display means 9, a storage section 14, an input means 15 and a control section 17 are provided. . The dialysis machine body 8 includes a holding unit 10 (see FIG. 3) for holding the dialyzer 2 in a predetermined posture.

  The display means 9 displays the set value in blood purification treatment, the state of the patient and the device, etc. In this embodiment, the display means 9 is composed of a touch panel and can display information of the identification code read by the reading means 13. ing. The input means 15 is used to input settings for performing blood purification treatment or preparation thereof, and in the present embodiment, the input means 15 includes a touch panel that also serves as the display means 9. The display means 9 and the input means 15 may be separate.

  The storage unit 14 includes a storage or the like disposed in the dialysis apparatus main body 8 and stores unique information read by the reading unit 13. Specifically, information read by the reading unit 13 (use conditions, specifications, additional information, etc. as specific information) is input and stored in a table of the storage unit 14 as shown in FIG. It is configured as follows. Note that the information storage method by the storage unit 14 is not limited to using the table as described above, and may be any method.

  The control unit 17 is composed of a microcomputer or the like disposed in the dialysis apparatus main body 8, and performs blood purification treatment or preparation based on the use conditions of the unique information read by the reading means 13. That is, after being read by the reading means 13, the control means 17 controls the treatment means 16 on the basis of the use conditions of the unique information stored in the storage section 14 to perform blood purification treatment or preparation thereof. . Furthermore, the control part 17 is comprised so that the conditions at the time of blood purification treatment can be restrict | limited based on the information identified by the identification means (alpha) and (beta).

  On the other hand, the dialysis machine main body 8 includes holding means 11 (see FIGS. 1 to 3) that can be held only when the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected to each other. The identification means α and β are read by the reading means 13 while the 3 and the second connector 4 are held, and the identification is made possible. That is, the holding means 11 is configured to be able to hold the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 connected, and not to hold (not hold) in the unconnected state. When the identification information α and β are read, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are always connected.

  However, it has a detection means capable of detecting the connection state of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4, and the dialysis machine body 8 uses the detection means to detect that the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected. It is also possible to cause the blood purification circuit 1 to perform liquid feeding (that is, driving of the ironing pumps P1 to P4) on the condition that it has been detected. In this way, if the detection means capable of detecting the connection state of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 is provided, it is possible to perform operations and operations according to the connection state, and the first connector 3 and the second connector 4. If the blood purification circuit 1 is made to perform liquid feeding on the condition that the detection means detects that the two connector 4 is connected, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are not connected. It is possible to avoid the liquid being fed to the dialyzer 2.

Next, the control content in the dialysis apparatus (blood purification apparatus) according to the present embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
First, after a medical worker inputs an initial setting by the input means 15 in S1, the dialyzer 2 and the blood purification circuit 1 are attached to the dialyzer body 8 (S2), and the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 Are connected and held by the holding means 11 (S3). The initial setting input by the input unit 15 is transmitted to the control unit 17.

  Then, the reading means 13 reads the unique information of the identification means α and β of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 held by the holding means 11 (S4), and the read information (specific information including usage conditions and Additional information etc.) is displayed on the display means 9 (S5). Of the information read by the reading unit 13, the unique information including the usage conditions is transmitted to the storage unit 14 and stored in, for example, a table included in the storage unit 14.

  Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the initial setting input in S1 is appropriate in consideration of the use conditions stored in the storage unit 14 (S6), and is not appropriate (that is, the initial settings match the use conditions of the specific information). If it is determined that it has not been performed, the process proceeds to S7, for example, the display means 9 displays "inappropriate", and is appropriate (that is, the initial setting matches the usage condition of the specific information). ), The process proceeds to S8.

  In S8, the expiration date among the information read as additional information by the reading means 13 is taken into consideration, and it is determined whether or not the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 is within the expiration date. If it is determined that it has exceeded the expiration date, the process proceeds to S9, for example, the display means 9 displays “Outside expiration date” and is within the expiration date (that is, the expiration date has not been exceeded). If it is determined, the process proceeds to S10.

  In S10, priming, which is a preparation process for blood purification treatment, is performed based on the use conditions stored in the storage unit 14. When priming is completed, detailed setting (setting of treatment conditions and the like related to blood purification treatment) is performed by the medical staff at S11 by the input means 15, and subsequently attached to the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b. The patient and the blood purification circuit 1 are connected by puncturing the patient with the puncture needle thus obtained (S12).

  Thereafter, blood purification treatment is performed based on the use conditions stored in the storage unit 14 (S13). In this S13, the control part 17 controls the treatment means 16 based on the use conditions memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 14, and the appropriate blood purification treatment (dialysis treatment) according to the said use conditions is performed. When the blood purification treatment (including the blood return step) is completed, the patient and the blood purification circuit 1 are separated by removing the puncture needle from the patient (S14). Thus, a series of control is completed.

  According to the said embodiment, a connection flow path (ad) is each extended from the connection part (each port) of the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier), and the dialyzer 2 is passed through the said connection flow path (ad). And the blood purification circuit 1 can be connected to each other, and the first connector 3 formed while bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit 1 and the distal end portion of the connection channel (ad) are bundled. The blood purification circuit 1 corresponding to the connection portion of the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) is communicated with each other by connecting the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 to each other. Since it is possible, the connection work between the blood purification circuit 1 and the dialyzer 2 (blood purification device) can be easily performed, and the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, the distal ends of the dialysate introduction tubes (1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) and the dialysate lead-out tubes (1g, 1h) are blood circuits (arterial blood circuit 1a and venous blood circuit 1b). The blood circuit corresponding to the connecting part of the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) is connected to the second connector 4 while being bundled together with the distal end of the blood. The liquid introduction tube and the dialysate outlet tube can be communicated with each other.

  In particular, in a state where the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, the tip of the blood purification circuit 1 and the tip of the connection channel (a to d) can be sealed, so the dialyzer 2 ( When liquid is supplied to the blood purifier, it is possible to prevent liquid (priming liquid, blood, dialysate, etc.) from leaking and to perform sealing work simultaneously with connection work. In addition, the incorrect connection at the time of a connection operation | work can be suppressed by forming the mark which can visually recognize a regular kind or the direction of a connection in the 1st connector 3 and the 2nd connector 4. FIG.

  Furthermore, since the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 according to the present embodiment have shapes (concave shape 3b and convex shape 4b) that can be connected only to the regular type or the direction of connection, Incorrect connection can be reliably prevented. In addition, the first connector 3 or the second connector 4 according to the present embodiment is formed with the identification means α and β that can identify the unique information of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2, so that it corresponds to the unique information. Blood purification treatment can be performed reliably and smoothly. It is sufficient that the identification means α and β are formed on at least one of the first connector 3 and the second connector 4.

  Furthermore, the identification means α, β according to the present embodiment is composed of an identification code given to the first connector 3 or the second connector 4, and the reading means 13 disposed in the dialyzer body 8 (apparatus body). By reading the information of the identification code, the unique information of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 can be identified, so that more unique information can be given. Moreover, since the dialyzer main body 8 includes the display means 9 that can display the information of the identification code read by the reading means 13, the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) is provided to the medical staff. Unique information can be made visible.

  The dialysis machine body 8 according to the present embodiment includes holding means 11 that can be held only when the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are connected, and the holding means 11 allows the first connector 3 and Since the identification means α and β can be identified while the second connector 4 is held, the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 are always connected when the identification means α and β are identified. Thus, forgetting to connect the first connector 3 and the second connector 4 can be reliably prevented. In addition, since the dialysis apparatus main body 8 can restrict | limit treatment conditions based on the information identified by the identification means, it can improve the safety | security of a blood purification treatment more.

  In addition, according to the above-described embodiment, the identification means α, β capable of identifying the specific information including the use conditions of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) at the time of blood purification treatment or preparation thereof, Since the reading means 13 capable of reading the unique information of the identification means α and β and the control unit 17 for performing blood purification treatment or preparation based on the use conditions of the unique information read by the reading means 13 are provided. It is possible to easily and smoothly perform a setting operation when blood purification treatment or preparation thereof is performed.

  The dialysis machine main body 8 includes a storage unit 14 that stores the unique information read by the reading unit 13, and the control unit 17 performs blood purification treatment based on the use conditions of the unique information stored in the storage unit 14. Alternatively, since the preparation is performed, the blood purification treatment or the preparation thereof can be performed more reliably. In particular, the use conditions as the unique information in the identification means α and β include parameters indicating restrictions or tolerances relating to blood purification treatment or preparation thereof, so that the blood purification circuit 1 and dialyzer 2 are preliminarily provided in the dialyzer body 8. It is not necessary to store in advance parameters indicating the restrictions and permissible ranges for each (blood purifier).

  Furthermore, since the unique information of the identification means includes additional information such as the expiration date of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) in addition to the use conditions, the control unit 17 determines the additional information based on the additional information. Blood purification treatment or preparation thereof can be performed. Moreover, since the control part 17 of the dialyzer main body 8 can restrict | limit treatment conditions based on the information identified by the identification means (alpha) and (beta), it can improve the safety | security of blood purification treatment more.

  Furthermore, by connecting the first connector 3 and the second connector 4, the blood purification circuit 1 corresponding to the connection part of the dialyzer 2 (blood purifier) can be communicated with each other, and the identification means α, β Is formed on the first connector 3 or the second connector 4 so that the blood purification circuit 1 and the dialyzer 2 can be easily connected, and blood purification treatment or preparation thereof can be performed. Setting work can be performed easily and smoothly.

Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
As in the first embodiment, the blood purification apparatus according to this embodiment is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. 1, a dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, a weigh scale 18, and a control means 19. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st Embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The weigh scale 18 includes a plurality of storage bags B1 (dialyte storage containers) that store dialysate to be introduced into the dialyzer 2, and one storage bag B2 (drainage storage container) that can store drainage from the dialyzer 2. ) Is hooked and held on the hook F, and the weight of the storage bag B1 and the storage bag B2 (the total weight of the storage bag B1 and the storage bag B2) can be measured in real time. The storage bags B1 and B2 are made of flexible storage containers, and the storage bag B2 is in an empty state in which no drainage is stored before the blood purification treatment is started. Yes.

  Here, the blood purification circuit according to the present embodiment is connected to each of the accommodation bags B1 (dialysis fluid accommodation containers) containing the dialysate, and the dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing the dialysate into the dialyzer 2; Connected to the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container) that can store the drainage, connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for leading the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), It has a discharge tube L4 for discharging the drained liquid from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus.

  A replacement fluid introduction tube is disposed between the dialysate introduction tube L1 according to the present embodiment (upstream from the position where the squeeze pump P2 is disposed) and the air trap chamber d1 connected to the venous blood circuit 1b. L2 is connected. An ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the replacement fluid introduction tube L2, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is attached to the ironing pump P3.

  Here, in the middle of the discharge tube L4 according to the present embodiment, the ironing flexible tube D5 is connected, and the ironing flexible tube D5 is attached to the ironing pump P5. ing. This ironing type pump P5 is composed of the same pumps as the ironing type pump P1 (blood pump) to the ironing type pump P4, and when driven, the drainage liquid in the storage bag B2 is discharged to the outside of the apparatus (outside the system) via the discharge tube L4. It can be discharged by flowing.

  Thus, when the peristaltic pump P2 is driven during blood purification treatment, the dialysate in the plurality of storage bags B1 flows toward the dialyzer 2, and when the peristaltic pump P4 is driven, the dialysate (drainage) of the dialyzer 2 is discharged. Liquid) flows toward the storage bag B2. Further, by driving the squeezing type pump P3, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 can be supplied to the venous blood circuit 1b to be replenished. The tip of the replacement fluid introduction tube L2 may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a, and the dialysate may be supplied to the arterial blood circuit 1a for replacement.

  The control means 19 is composed of a microcomputer and the like electrically connected to the weight scale 18 and the ironing pumps P1 to P5, and the ironing pumps P1 to P1 are based on the weight measured by the weight gauge 18 and preset values stored in advance. The drive of P5 can be controlled. By the control by the control means 19, during blood purification treatment, the peristaltic pumps P2 to P4 can be fed by rotating at a predetermined rotational speed based on the discharge amount per rotation stored in advance. Yes.

  The driving speed of the peristaltic pump 4 is controlled so as to be the same as that of the peristaltic pump P1 when water is not removed from the patient as a treatment condition. Control is made so that the driving speed is obtained by adding the flow rate due to water removal. If there is a difference between the weight of the storage bag B1, B2 detected by the weighing scale 18 and the theoretical weight after a predetermined time has elapsed, the control means is used to correct the difference. The driving speed of the ironing type pump P4 can be automatically finely adjusted by the control by the control No. 19. The driving speed at this time is referred to as a correction speed.

  Further, the amount of drainage fed into the storage bag B2 is calculated from the driving amount (rotation speed) of the ironing pump P4, and the total amount sent is a predetermined value (the upper limit capacity of the storage bag B2 minus the storage bag B2). When the storage capacity B2 is exceeded, it is determined that the storage bag B2 is full, and the squeeze pump P5 is driven to perform the drainage process. By such a drainage process, the drainage can be discharged from the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container) to the outside of the apparatus via the discharge tube L4.

Next, control by the control means 19 according to the present embodiment will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
First, when the liquid feeding step S1 is started, the ironing pumps P2 and P3 are driven at a predetermined speed in S2, and the ironing pump P4 is driven at a correction speed (predetermined speed before being corrected in S10). . At this time, the ironing pump P5 is stopped and the discharge tube L4 is closed.

  Then, in S3, it is determined whether or not the net dialysate remaining amount (Vd_total) of the storage bag B1 (dialysate storage container) has become 0, and it is determined that the net dialysate remaining amount is 0. Advances to S4, stops the ironing-type pumps P2 to P4 (the ironing-type pump P5 maintains the stopped state), and ends the series of controls. On the other hand, if it is determined in S3 that the net dialysate remaining amount is not 0, the process proceeds to S5, and the drainage amount of the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container) calculated based on the driving amount of the ironing pump P4. It is determined whether or not (Vf_total) is equal to or greater than a value obtained by subtracting the lower limit capacity (Vf_min) of the storage bag B2 from the preset upper limit capacity (full capacity) (Vf_max) of the storage bag B2.

  If the determination in S5 is Yes, the draining process is started in S6. If the determination is No, the driving speed of the peristaltic pump P4 is corrected every predetermined time in S10, and the corrected speed (weigh scale) After obtaining the difference between the weights of the storage bags B1 and B2 detected at 18 and the theoretical weight), the process returns to S1 and a series of subsequent control is performed again. When the draining process of S6 is started, the ironing pumps P2, P3, and P4 are stopped at S7 or the ironing pump P5 is driven at a predetermined speed while maintaining the current correction speed.

  Thereafter, a value obtained by subtracting the lower limit capacity (Vf_min) of the storage bag B2 from the upper limit capacity (full water capacity) (Vf_max) of the storage bag B2 in which the drainage capacity (Ve) based on the measurement value of the weigh scale 18 is preset in S8. If the determination in S8 is Yes, the draining process is terminated in S9, and the process returns to S1. If the determination in S8 is No, the process returns to S7 to repeat the determination. .

  According to this embodiment, the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialyte storage container) that stores dialysate, and a dialysate introduction tube L1 that introduces dialysate into the dialyzer 2 and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the pump disposed in the discharge tube L4 includes the ironing type pump P5, so that the waste liquid is discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside by driving the ironing type pump P5. In addition, the flow path of the discharge tube L4 can be closed by stopping. Therefore, it is possible to omit the drainage operation with a very simple configuration at a low cost.

  In addition, since the weight of the plurality of storage bags B1 (dialysate storage containers) and the storage bag B2 (drainage storage containers) can be measured together in the weighing scale 18 according to the present embodiment, Compared with the case in which a weighing scale is provided for each of the storage bags B1 and B2, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and measurement errors can be suppressed. In particular, since there is one storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of the storage bags B2, and the cost can be further reduced.

  Further, during the blood purification treatment (for example, while the treatment is performed by operating the peristaltic pumps P2, P3, P4), the drainage of the containing bag B2 is drained using the peristaltic pump P5. It can be automatically discharged in a short time to the outside of the apparatus. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the water removal error caused by performing the blood purification treatment and the drainage of the drainage simultaneously (in parallel) to the extent that there is no practical problem. That is, by using the ironing pump P5, it is possible to continue (in parallel) the blood purification treatment even when draining the drainage from the storage bag B2 (interrupting the blood purification treatment). It is not necessary).

Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
As in the first and second embodiments, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. Circuit 1, dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, weigh scale 18, and control means 19. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st, 2 embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The discharge tube L4 according to the present embodiment has an extended portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyzed fluid storage container), and the outside air to the flow path of the extended portion L5 An outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid (drainage) inside the flow path while allowing introduction is attached. The outside air intake means 20 is composed of, for example, a check valve or a hydrophobic filter, and is connected to the uppermost portion of the extending portion L5 to allow the outside air to be taken in.

  According to this embodiment, the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialyte storage container) that stores dialysate, and a dialysate introduction tube L1 that introduces dialysate into the dialyzer 2 and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

  In particular, the discharge tube L4 according to the present embodiment has the extending portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyte storage container), and therefore, the drainage tube L4 does not intentionally discharge the liquid. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of the outside air into the channel is attached to the extending portion L5, the flow of the drainage liquid in the extending portion L5 is prevented. It can be carried out more smoothly and reliably and discharged outside the apparatus.

Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
As in the first to third embodiments, the blood purification apparatus according to this embodiment is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. Circuit 1, dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, weigh scale 18, and control means 19. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st-3rd embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Sensors such as a bubble detector capable of detecting bubbles contained in blood circulating extracorporeally in the blood purification circuit 1 on the distal side (venous side puncture needle side) of the venous blood circuit 1b according to the present embodiment. 21 is attached, and an anticoagulant for suppressing blood coagulation is provided downstream (between the ironing pump P1 and the dialyzer 2) from the ironing pump P1 (blood pump) of the arterial blood circuit 1a. A syringe 22 for injection is connected.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a replacement fluid introduction tube L6 is connected to a predetermined portion of the dialysate introduction tube L1 (downstream side of the connection portion of the replacement fluid introduction tube L2), and the tip thereof is the artery side blood circuit 1a. It is connected to a predetermined part (between the ironing pump P1 and the dialyzer 2). Further, a valve means 23 is disposed across the replacement fluid introduction tube L6 and the dialysate introduction tube L1. The valve means 23 can arbitrarily close and open the dialysate introduction tube L1 and the replacement fluid introduction tube L6, and has a valve operable by an actuator such as a motor.

  A heating means 24 for heating the dialysate introduced into the dialyzer 2 or the blood purification circuit 1 is connected in the middle of the dialysate introduction tube L1, and the liquid level in the air trap chamber d2 is adjusted. A liquid level detection sensor 25 for detection is attached. In addition, a blood leakage sensor 26 is attached to the dialysate outlet tube L3 so that it can be detected when blood leaks from the dialyzer 2 to the dialysate flowing through the dialysate outlet tube L3. . In addition, the code | symbol p1-p3 in the figure has shown the hydraulic pressure sensor for detecting the hydraulic pressure in a flow path.

  According to this embodiment, the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialyte storage container) that stores dialysate, and a dialysate introduction tube L1 that introduces dialysate into the dialyzer 2 and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the pump disposed in the discharge tube L4 includes the ironing type pump P5, so that the waste liquid is discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside by driving the ironing type pump P5. In addition, the flow path of the discharge tube L4 can be closed by stopping. Therefore, it is possible to omit the drainage operation with a very simple configuration at a low cost.

  In addition, since the weight of the plurality of storage bags B1 (dialysate storage containers) and the storage bag B2 (drainage storage containers) can be measured together in the weighing scale 18 according to the present embodiment, Compared with the case in which a weighing scale is provided for each of the storage bags B1 and B2, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and measurement errors can be suppressed. In particular, since there is one storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of the storage bags B2, and the cost can be further reduced.

  Further, during the blood purification treatment (for example, while the treatment is performed by operating the peristaltic pumps P2, P3, P4), the drainage of the containing bag B2 is drained using the peristaltic pump P5. It can be automatically discharged in a short time to the outside of the apparatus. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the water removal error caused by performing the blood purification treatment and the drainage of the drainage simultaneously (in parallel) to the extent that there is no practical problem. That is, by using the ironing pump P5, it is possible to continue (in parallel) the blood purification treatment even when draining the drainage from the storage bag B2 (interrupting the blood purification treatment). It is not necessary).

  In particular, the discharge tube L4 according to the present embodiment has the extending portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyte storage container), and therefore, the drainage tube L4 does not intentionally discharge the liquid. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of the outside air into the channel is attached to the extending portion L5, the flow of the drainage liquid in the extending portion L5 is prevented. It can be carried out more smoothly and reliably and discharged outside the apparatus.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of the dialyzer 2, another blood purifier (hemofilter, plasma separator, blood adsorber, etc.) may be used, or for blood purification. Instead of the circuit 1, a flow path (arterial blood circuit and venous blood circuit) having no dialysate introduction tube and dialysate lead-out tube may be used. That is, if the blood purification circuit has at least an arterial blood circuit 1a and a venous blood circuit 1b that constitute a blood circuit for circulating the patient's blood extracorporeally, the dialysate introduction tube and the dialysate derivation are provided. What does not have a tube, or what has other flow paths, such as a replacement fluid line, may be used.

  In the present embodiment, the identification means α and β are formed on the first connector 3 and the second connector 4. However, the identification means α, β, the reading means 13 and the like are not provided, or the identification means α , Β may be such that unique information that does not include the use conditions of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (blood purification device) can be identified. Furthermore, in the second to fourth embodiments, instead of the ironing type pump P5, another general-purpose pump may be used. The applied blood purification treatment is not limited to dialysis treatment, and may be other treatment for purifying the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally.

  The connection flow path is extended from the connection part of the blood purifier, and the blood purifier and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow path. A first connector formed while being bundled and a second connector formed while being bundled with the tip of the connection flow path, and the connection portion of the blood purifier is connected by connecting the first connector and the second connector. A blood purification device or a blood purification circuit that can communicate with a blood purification circuit corresponding to each is connected to a dialysis fluid storage container containing a dialysis fluid and introduces the dialysis fluid into the blood purification device Connected to an introduction tube, a drainage storage container that can store drainage, and is connected to the dialysate discharge tube that drains the drainage from the blood purifier, and to the drainage storage container, from the drainage storage container Drained liquid outside the device And having a discharge tube that, in the discharge tube, if drainage blood purification device feeding pumps have been arranged, or may be such that another function is added.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood purification circuit 1a Arterial blood circuit 1b Venous blood circuit 2 Dialyzer (blood purifier)
3 First connector 4 Second connector 5 Heating bag 6 Weigh scale 7 Weigh scale 8 Dialysis machine main body (device main body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Display means 10 Holding | maintenance part 11 Holding | maintenance means 12 Cover 13 Reading means 14 Memory | storage part 15 Input means 16 Treatment means 17 Control part 18 Weighing scale 19 Control means 20 Outside air intake means 21 Sensors 22 Syringe 23 Valve means 24 Heating means 25 Liquid Position detection sensor α, β identification means

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can easily connect the blood purification circuit and the blood purifier, and can reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. and to provide a blood purification equipment that can.

The invention according to claim 1 is connectable to a blood purification circuit having an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit constituting at least a blood circuit for extracorporeally circulating blood of a patient, and the blood purification circuit A blood purifier having a plurality of connection portions and purifying blood circulating outside the body in the blood circuit, and various treatment means for performing blood purification treatment in the blood circuit and the blood purifier are provided. In the blood purification apparatus comprising the apparatus main body, a connection flow path is extended from each connection portion of the blood purification device, and the blood purification device and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow channel. A first connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit, and a second connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the connection flow path, the first connector And Wherein the blood purification circuit corresponding to the connection portion of the blood purifier is allowed to communicate with each other respectively by the second connector is connected, and said first connector or second connector, the blood purification circuit or blood Identification means for identifying the specific information of the purifier is formed, and the apparatus main body includes holding means that can be held only in a state where the first connector and the second connector are connected. The identification means can be identified while the first connector and the second connector are held .

The invention according to claim 8 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the identification means comprises an identification code assigned to the first connector or the second connector, The information of the identification code is read by a reading means provided in the main body, whereby the unique information of the blood purification circuit or blood purification device can be identified.

A ninth aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to the eighth aspect , wherein the apparatus main body includes a display unit capable of displaying information of the identification code read by the reading unit.

The invention according to claim 10 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the apparatus body can limit a treatment condition based on information identified by the identification means. Features.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the connection flow path is extended from the connection portion of the blood purifier, and the blood purifier and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow path. And a first connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the blood purification circuit, and a second connector formed by bundling the distal end portion of the connection flow path, wherein the first connector and the second connector are connected to each other. As a result, the blood purification circuits corresponding to the connection portions of the blood purification device can be communicated with each other, so that the connection operation between the blood purification circuit and the blood purification device can be easily performed and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, the cost for maintenance can be reduced.
In addition, since the first connector or the second connector is formed with the identification means that can identify the specific information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device, the blood purification treatment according to the specific information is reliably and smoothly performed. be able to.
Further, the apparatus main body includes holding means that can be held only in a state where the first connector and the second connector are connected, and the identification means is in a state where the first connector and the second connector are held by the holding means. Since the identification is made possible, the first connector and the second connector are always connected at the time of identification by the identification means, and forgetting to connect the first connector and the second connector can be reliably prevented.

According to invention of Claim 8 , an identification means consists of the identification code provided to the 1st connector or the 2nd connector, blood is read by reading the information of the said identification code with the reading means arrange | positioned at the apparatus main body. Since the unique information of the circuit for purification or blood purifier can be identified, more unique information can be given.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the apparatus main body includes display means capable of displaying the information of the identification code read by the reading means, so that information specific to the blood purification circuit or blood purifier is provided to the medical staff. Can be visually recognized.

According to the invention of claim 10 , since the apparatus main body can limit the treatment conditions based on the information identified by the identification means, the safety of the blood purification treatment can be further improved.

Front and side views illustrating the implementation blood purification apparatus according to embodiment (a state prior to attachment to the blood purifier and the connector apparatus main body) of the present invention II view in FIG. Front view and side view showing the blood purification apparatus (with the blood purifier and connector attached to the apparatus main body) The schematic diagram which shows the connection relation of the 1st connector and the 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus Schematic diagram showing the connection relationship during blood purification treatment in the blood purification apparatus The perspective view which shows the state in which the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus were connected. The top view which shows the state in which the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus were connected VIII-VIII line sectional view in FIG. The perspective view which shows the 1st connector in the blood purification apparatus The perspective view which shows the 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus Block diagram showing the overall configuration of the blood purification apparatus Table for storing unique information in the storage unit of the blood purification apparatus Flow chart showing control contents in the blood purification apparatus The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the 1st connector and 2nd connector in the blood purification apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing a blood purification apparatus according to a first reference example Flow chart showing control contents of the blood purification apparatus Schematic diagram showing a blood purification apparatus according to a second reference example Schematic diagram showing a blood purification apparatus according to a third reference example

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 11, a blood purification circuit 1 and a blood purification apparatus are used. As a dialyzer 2, a first connector 3, a second connector 4, and a dialysis device main body 8 (corresponding to the “device main body” of the present invention) having a reading means 13 and a control unit 17. ing.

Next, a first reference example will be described.
As in the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus according to this reference example is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. The dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, a weight scale 18 and a control means 19 are provided. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to the said embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Here, the blood purification circuit according to the present reference example is connected to each of the accommodation bags B1 (dialysis fluid accommodation containers) containing the dialysate, and the dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing the dialysate into the dialyzer 2, Connected to the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container) that can store the drainage, connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for leading the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), It has a discharge tube L4 for discharging the drained liquid from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus.

A replacement fluid introduction tube is provided between the dialysate introduction tube L1 according to this reference example (on the upstream side of the position where the squeeze pump P2 is disposed) and the air trap chamber d1 connected to the venous blood circuit 1b. L2 is connected. An ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the replacement fluid introduction tube L2, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is attached to the ironing pump P3.

Here, an ironing flexible tube D5 is connected to the middle of the discharge tube L4 according to the present reference example, and the ironing flexible tube D5 is attached to the ironing pump P5. ing. This ironing type pump P5 is composed of the same pumps as the ironing type pump P1 (blood pump) to the ironing type pump P4, and when driven, the drainage liquid in the storage bag B2 is discharged to the outside of the apparatus (outside the system) via the discharge tube L4. It can be discharged by flowing.

Next, control by the control means 19 according to this reference example will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
First, when the liquid feeding step S1 is started, the ironing pumps P2 and P3 are driven at a predetermined speed in S2, and the ironing pump P4 is driven at a correction speed (predetermined speed before being corrected in S10). . At this time, the ironing pump P5 is stopped and the discharge tube L4 is closed.

According to this reference example , the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialysate storage container) that stores dialysate, dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing dialysate into dialyzer 2, and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

Further, according to the present reference example , the pump disposed in the discharge tube L4 includes the ironing type pump P5. Therefore, by driving the ironing type pump P5, the drainage liquid is discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. In addition, the flow path of the discharge tube L4 can be closed by stopping. Therefore, it is possible to omit the drainage operation with a very simple configuration at a low cost.

In addition, since the weighing scale 18 according to the present reference example can measure the weights of the plurality of storage bags B1 (dialysate storage containers) and the storage bag B2 (drainage storage containers) together, Compared with the case in which a weighing scale is provided for each of the storage bags B1 and B2, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and measurement errors can be suppressed. In particular, since there is one storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of the storage bags B2, and the cost can be further reduced.

Next, a second reference example will be described.
As in the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus according to this reference example is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. The dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, a weight scale 18 and a control means 19 are provided. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to the said embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

The discharge tube L4 according to the present reference example has an extended portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyzed fluid storage container), and the outside air to the flow path of the extended portion L5 An outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid (drainage) inside the flow path while allowing introduction is attached. The outside air intake means 20 is composed of, for example, a check valve or a hydrophobic filter, and is connected to the uppermost portion of the extending portion L5 to allow the outside air to be taken in.

According to this reference example , the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialysate storage container) that stores dialysate, dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing dialysate into dialyzer 2, and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

In particular, the discharge tube L4 according to the present reference example has the extending portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyzed solution storage container), so that the drainage liquid does not intentionally leak from the discharge tube L4. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of the outside air into the channel is attached to the extending portion L5, the flow of the drainage liquid in the extending portion L5 is prevented. It can be carried out more smoothly and reliably and discharged outside the apparatus.

Next, a third reference example will be described.
As in the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus according to this reference example is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body. As shown in FIG. The dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, a weight scale 18 and a control means 19 are provided. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to the said embodiment, and those detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Sensors 21 such as a bubble detector capable of detecting bubbles contained in blood circulated extracorporeally in the blood circuit 1 are provided on the distal end side (venous side puncture needle side) of the venous blood circuit 1b according to the present reference example. An anticoagulant for injecting blood coagulation is injected into the downstream side of the arterial blood circuit 1a from the peristaltic pump P1 (blood pump) (between the peristaltic pump P1 and the dialyzer 2). For this purpose, a syringe 22 is connected.

Furthermore, in the present reference example , a replacement fluid introduction tube L6 is connected to a predetermined portion of the dialysate introduction tube L1 (downstream side of the connection portion of the replacement fluid introduction tube L2), and the tip thereof is the artery side blood circuit 1a. It is connected to a predetermined part (between the ironing pump P1 and the dialyzer 2). Further, a valve means 23 is disposed across the replacement fluid introduction tube L6 and the dialysate introduction tube L1. The valve means 23 can arbitrarily close and open the dialysate introduction tube L1 and the replacement fluid introduction tube L6, and has a valve operable by an actuator such as a motor.

According to this reference example , the blood purification circuit is connected to a storage bag B1 (dialysate storage container) that stores dialysate, dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing dialysate into dialyzer 2, and drainage fluid. Connected to a storage bag B2 (container for drainage) that can be stored, and connected to the dialysate outlet tube L3 for discharging the drainage from the dialyzer 2, and to the storage bag B2, the drainage from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus Since the discharge tube L4 has a discharge tube L4 and a pump (squeezing type pump P5) capable of supplying the drainage to the discharge tube L4, the drainage liquid is automatically discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. Moreover, it can be discharged in a short time.

Further, according to the present reference example , the pump disposed in the discharge tube L4 includes the ironing type pump P5. Therefore, by driving the ironing type pump P5, the drainage liquid is discharged from the storage bag B2 to the outside of the apparatus. In addition, the flow path of the discharge tube L4 can be closed by stopping. Therefore, it is possible to omit the drainage operation with a very simple configuration at a low cost.

In addition, since the weighing scale 18 according to the present reference example can measure the weights of the plurality of storage bags B1 (dialysate storage containers) and the storage bag B2 (drainage storage containers) together, Compared with the case in which a weighing scale is provided for each of the storage bags B1 and B2, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and measurement errors can be suppressed. In particular, since there is one storage bag B2 (drainage storage container), it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of the storage bags B2, and the cost can be further reduced.

In particular, the discharge tube L4 according to the present reference example has the extending portion L5 that extends at least to a position higher than the storage bag B2 (dialyzed solution storage container), so that the drainage liquid does not intentionally leak from the discharge tube L4. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the outside air intake means 20 that restricts the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of the outside air into the channel is attached to the extending portion L5, the flow of the drainage liquid in the extending portion L5 is prevented. It can be carried out more smoothly and reliably and discharged outside the apparatus.

In the present embodiment, the identification means α and β are formed on the first connector 3 and the second connector 4. However, the identification means α, β, the reading means 13 and the like are not provided, or the identification means α , Β may be such that unique information that does not include the use conditions of the blood purification circuit 1 or the dialyzer 2 (blood purification device) can be identified. Furthermore, in the first to third reference examples , instead of the ironing type pump P5, another general-purpose pump may be used. The applied blood purification treatment is not limited to dialysis treatment, and may be other treatment for purifying the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally.

The connection flow path is extended from the connection part of the blood purifier, and the blood purifier and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow path. A first connector formed while being bundled and a second connector formed while being bundled with the tip of the connection flow path, and the connection portion of the blood purifier is connected by connecting the first connector and the second connector. The blood purification circuit corresponding to each of the first and second connectors can communicate with each other , and the first connector or the second connector is formed with identification means for identifying the specific information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device. The holding means can be held only when the first connector and the second connector are connected, and the identification means can be identified while the first connector and the second connector are held by the holding means. If blood purification equipment that may be like those other functions are added.

Claims (16)

A blood purification circuit having an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit constituting a blood circuit for circulating at least the patient's blood extracorporeally;
A blood purifier for purifying blood circulated extracorporeally in the blood circuit, having a plurality of connecting portions connectable to the blood purification circuit;
An apparatus main body on which various treatment means for blood purification treatment with the blood circuit and the blood purifier are disposed;
In the blood purification apparatus comprising
A connection flow path is extended from each connection portion of the blood purifier, and the blood purifier and the blood purification circuit can be connected via the connection flow path. The blood is provided with a first connector formed by bundling the front end portion and a second connector formed by bundling the front end portion of the connection flow path, and the blood is connected to the first connector and the second connector. A blood purification apparatus characterized in that the blood purification circuits corresponding to the connection portions of the purifier can be communicated with each other.   The blood purification circuit has a dialysate introduction tube for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier and a dialysate lead tube for extracting dialysate from the blood purifier, and the dialysate introduction tube and dialysate The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the leading end of the outlet tube is connected to the second connector while being bundled together with the leading end of the blood circuit.   3. The front end portion of the blood purification circuit and the front end portion of the connection flow path can be sealed in a state where the first connector and the second connector are connected. The blood purification apparatus as described.   The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first connector and the second connector are formed with marks that allow a visual recognition of a normal type or a connection direction.   The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first connector and the second connector have a shape that allows connection only in a regular type or a connection direction.   The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising detection means capable of detecting a connection state of the first connector and the second connector.   7. The apparatus body according to claim 6, wherein the blood purification circuit performs liquid feeding on condition that the detection means detects that the first connector and the second connector are connected. Blood purification device.   8. The identification device according to claim 1, wherein the first connector or the second connector is formed with identification means capable of identifying unique information of the blood purification circuit or the blood purification device. Blood purification device.   The identification means comprises an identification code assigned to the first connector or the second connector, and the blood purification circuit or blood is read by reading the information of the identification code by a reading means arranged in the apparatus body. 9. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the specific information of the purifier can be identified.   The blood purification apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the apparatus main body includes display means capable of displaying information of the identification code read by the reading means.   The apparatus main body includes holding means that can be held only when the first connector and the second connector are connected, and the identification is performed while the first connector and the second connector are held by the holding means. The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein means can be identified.   The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the apparatus body is capable of limiting a treatment condition based on information identified by the identification means. A blood purification circuit having an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit constituting a blood circuit for circulating at least the patient's blood extracorporeally;
A blood purifier for purifying blood circulated extracorporeally in the blood circuit, having a plurality of connecting portions connectable to the blood purification circuit;
An apparatus main body on which various treatment means for blood purification treatment with the blood circuit and the blood purifier are disposed;
In the blood purification apparatus comprising
The blood purification circuit is connected to a dialysate storage container containing dialysate, and connected to a dialysate introduction tube for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier, and a drainage storage container capable of storing drainage. A dialysate outlet tube for draining drainage from the blood purifier, and a drain tube connected to the drainage storage container and draining the drainage from the drainage storage container to the outside of the device, A blood purification apparatus, wherein the discharge tube is provided with a pump capable of supplying drainage.   14. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the pump disposed in the discharge tube comprises a squeezing type pump.   The blood purification apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the discharge tube has an extending portion that extends at least to a position higher than the dialysate container.   16. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the extending portion is attached with outside air intake means for restricting the discharge of the liquid inside the channel while permitting the introduction of outside air into the channel.

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