JPS6131609A - Cooling device of poppet valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide efficient cooling performance for a poppet valve in operating condition by forming a cooling passage in the poppet valve throughout its construction, and by putting this cooling passage in communication to an external condenser through a piston pipe which is slidable in a cylinder pipe. CONSTITUTION:A valve box 12 in which a suction/exhaust passage 13, a jacket chamber 17 and a pressure chamber 15 are provided, is fitted in a through hole which is provided with a cylinder head 11, and a guide cylinder 17 is equipped penetrating its center which is to guide the valve stem 16 of a poppet valve 1. A refrigerant chamber 26 is formed in this poppet valve 1 to store the liquid refrigerant in its bevel part 19, and a cooling passage 2 is formed along the axis of its valve stem 16 so as to open at the top 22 of the valve stem. This top 22 of valve stem is fitted to a compressing piston 23, which is fitted in a pressure chamber 5, and put in communication with a condenser 8 through a piston pipe 3, which is fixed to this piston 23 and fitted slidably in a cylinder pipe 4 provided on the condenser 8 side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a poppet valve device that appropriately opens and closes a high-temperature fluid passage on a pipeline connecting a compressor, an internal combustion engine, and a high-temperature gas furnace. In particular, the present invention relates to a poppet valve cooling device that efficiently cools the poppet valve while opening and closing the poppet valve in a suitable state to improve durability and reliability.

[Prior Art] A poppet valve device in which a valve seat is formed in a high-temperature fluid passage, a poppet valve is seated on the valve seat in the opening/closing direction of the valve, and the poppet valve is separated from the valve seat to open and close the valve at the appropriate time saves energy and has high efficiency. For example, in an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head that forms the combustion chamber leads to the combustion chamber to form the intake and exhaust passages, and the A valve seat is formed at the intake and exhaust ends, and a valve seat is provided in the opening/closing operation direction of the valve seat.

Therefore, the combustion gas sucked into the combustion chamber from the intake passage,
Here, the combustion chamber is compressed and exploded, and the energy is extracted as driving force for the engine. After that, the combustion chamber is made airtight by placing the poppet valve in close contact with the valve seat in order to exhaust the energy to the outside through the exhaust passage as exhaust gas. and, on the other hand, open the combustion chamber at a distance from this.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, the poppet valve used as described above is constantly exposed to high temperature and high pressure in a combustion chamber, etc., which accelerates corrosion of the poppet valve and shortens its life. This was a major factor.

The cause of this corrosion is metal corrosive components such as vanadium, sulfur, and sodium contained in the combustion gas at the above-mentioned high temperatures (
It is known that the compound forms a compound at a temperature of about 600° C.), and that the compound causes accelerated corrosion to poppet valves and the like. Therefore, as mentioned above, industrial machinery that uses poppet valve devices has become smaller.

With the demand for energy saving and high efficiency, it is known that cooling the poppet valve is effective as a countermeasure to the above factors, but in order to do this, it is necessary to It required complexity in the operating mechanism and had the secondary disadvantage of high cost, so it could not be realized.

[Object of the invention] The present invention was created to solve the above problems, and
An object of the present invention is to open and close a poppet valve device while effectively maintaining cooling, thereby suppressing corrosion.
The present invention provides a poppet valve cooling device that improves durability and reliability and achieves maintenance-free operation.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a poppet valve device in which a valve seat is formed in a high-temperature fluid passage, and a poppet valve is seated on the valve seat to open and close the passage. a cooling passage extending from the valve head along the axis of the valve stem and opening at the upper end of the valve stem to cool the valve; and a piston pipe communicating with the cooling passage and connected to the upper part of the valve stem. , a cylinder pipe that surrounds the piston pipe and guides it slidably along the piston pipe; a guide pipe that surrounds the cylinder pipe slidably and eccentrically; A coupling means for movably and bendably supporting the pipe and cushioning and supporting the pipe in the operating direction, and a cooling pipe connected to the guide pipe and condensing the refrigerant evaporated from the cooling passage are arranged. The refrigerant stored in the poppet valve receives heat and evaporates in order to cool the poppet valve, and then the evaporated refrigerant is After flowing into the above-mentioned piston pipe, cylinder pipe, and guide pipe in sequence, the above-mentioned (Achieving cooling while efficiently circulating the refrigerant and maintaining the airtightness of the passage, thereby suppressing corrosion of the poppet valve, improving the durability and reliability of the poppet valve device, and improving maintenance. Free...

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provided in an internal combustion engine will be specifically described based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cylinder head 11 forming a combustion chamber 10 is provided with a through hole, into which a valve box 12 is fitted. This valve box 12 has an intake/exhaust passage 13 facing upward from the bottom of the valve box 12. Jacket room 14. Each of the pressure chambers 15 is partitioned, and a guide cylinder 17 is provided that penetrates through the pressure chambers 15 and guides the valve stem 16 of the poppet valve 1 in the opening/closing direction. The intake/exhaust passage 13 communicates with an intake/exhaust passage 13 extending from the combustion chamber 10 to the cylinder head 11, and a valve seat 18 is provided at the end on the combustion chamber side. The valve stem 16 of the poppet valve 1 is guided into the guide tube 17 so that the valve head portion 19 of the poppet valve 1 is tightly engaged with the valve seat 18, and this opens and closes to open and close the intake/exhaust passage 13 and the combustion chamber 10. 1C is configured to be airtight and open.

On the other hand, a jacket chamber 1 is located above the intake/exhaust passage 13.
4 is provided to surround the valve stem 16 of the poppet valve 1, and is supplied with cooling water or the like to cool the valve stem 16 of the poppet valve 1 through the guide tube 17, and also to cool the valve stem 16 of the poppet valve 1. 12 and the cylinder head 11. Further, the jacket chamber 14 is provided with an inlet 20 and an outlet 21 at appropriate positions for circulating the cooling water.

Furthermore, a pressure chamber 15 is formed above the jacket chamber 14 for biasing the poppet valve 1 in the closing direction.

The pressure chamber 15 is fitted onto the upper end portion 22 of the valve stem, and a pneumatic piston 23 is connected to the pressure chamber 15 so as to be movable along the valve box 12.
4, and a fluid supply pipe 24 is provided in this, and by supplying fluid from this, the pneumatic piston 23 and the poppet valve 1 connected thereto are configured to move in the closing direction. ing.

In addition, the valve 1 is moved by the urging force of the pressure chamber 15,
A rocker arm 25 is provided on the pneumatic piston 23 to drive it in order to operate in the valve opening direction with a greater urging force, and this is interlocked with a drive device (not shown).

Furthermore, a cooling device for the poppet valve 1 according to the present invention, which is provided to cool the poppet valve 1 and reduce corrosion due to exposure to combustion gas, will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2.

Inside the poppet valve 1, a refrigerant chamber 26 for storing liquid refrigerant is formed in one valve head portion, and from this, the valve stem 1
The cooling passage 2 opens at the upper end 22 of the valve stem along the axis of the valve 6.
is formed.

Therefore, the poppet valve 1 is uniformly cooled by the evaporative refrigerant that is led from the refrigerant chamber 26 to the passage 2 and flows out from the upper end portion 22 of the valve stem.

However, the refrigerant that is stored in the refrigerant chamber 26 and evaporated is one that has a thermal conductivity tens of thousands of times higher than that of metal and is excellent in cooling performance.

On the other hand, in order to efficiently utilize the refrigerant that evaporates from the poppet valve 1, the cooling device for the poppet valve 1 of the present invention constitutes a refrigerant circulation system that condenses the refrigerant into droplets and recirculates the droplets. .

Specifically, a pneumatic piston 2 connected to a poppet valve 1
3 is opened to communicate with the cooling passage 2, and a circular piston tube 3 having a bellows portion 27 for absorbing the impact force transmitted from the poppet valve 1 is fixed thereto with, for example, bolts or nuts. do.

Generally speaking, a sealing means 28 (described later) is provided along the circumferential direction on the upper side of the piston pipe 3, and the cylinder 4 is fixed thereto through the sealing means 28 so as to be slidable and airtight. It is inserted while maintaining its sex.

Further, the cylinder pipe 4 is slidably and bendably installed in the guide pipe 5, and is able to withstand the impact force and inertia force transmitted from the piston pipe 3, and the eccentric load generated by the combination of these forces. It is designed to buffer them.

For example, in the embodiment, a convex spherical portion 2 is provided at the top of the cylinder pipe 4.
9, and the convex spherical portion 29 is fitted to the guide tube 5 so as to be in line contact with the guide tube 5, so that the cylinder tube 4 can be bent freely around the fitting point with the guide tube 5. The poppet valve 1 is slidably fitted in the direction of operation of the poppet valve 1. Rough 1. The amount of sliding and eccentricity mentioned above is buffered in the direction of their operation. The joint means 7 has a flange portion 3o formed on the circumferential side of the guide tube 5 and the cylinder tube 4, and a compression coil, for example, is formed between the flange portions 3o in parallel with the axial direction. A buffer member 31 such as a spring is provided, and these are fastened and adjusted at appropriate intervals using, for example, bolts, nuts, etc., thereby absorbing the impact load in the operating direction of the poppet valve 1. In addition, for eccentric loads, the bearing surfaces of the bolts and nuts of the flange portion 30 are recessed into, for example, a spherical shape, and then filled with urethane.

By providing, for example, a buffer ring 32 made of chloroprene or the like, loads in the bending direction, that is, in the eccentric direction, are buffered. In this case, it goes without saying that the engagement hole of the flange portion 30 should have a hole diameter that matches the eccentricity amount with respect to the shaft diameter of the bolt or the like.

The guide pipe 5 connected as described above is further connected to the condenser stand 33.
It is connected to the condenser 8 fixed above, and the evaporated refrigerant evaporated from the poppet valve 1 flows into the condenser 8, becomes droplets, and then falls to be used as a cooling refrigerant again. - By the way, the above-mentioned condenser 8 mainly consists of a cooling fluid storage chamber 34 that stores cooling fluid, and a cooling pipe chamber 35 connected to the cooling fluid storage chamber 34, which are connected to the inside of the condenser casing 36. The area is divided into sections.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling fluid storage chambers 34 are divided into sections separated from each other, and the cooling pipes 9 are connected to them so as to cross over. Further, the cooling pipes 9 are arranged at intervals in the height direction and width direction of the casing 36,
A cooling fluid is supplied to these to condense the evaporated refrigerant. Further, one side of the storage chamber 34 has a cooling fluid supply port 3.
7 is provided with a cooling fluid outlet 38 on the other side, and the storage chamber 3
The cooling fluid supplied to the inside of the cooling fluid is always adjusted to a constant temperature or a set temperature. On the other hand, the storage chamber 34 is provided with an air pressure adjusting means 39, which allows the storage chamber 34 to
It is configured to control the air pressure inside to change the level of the coolant stored therein, and to control the amount of refrigerant to be condensed by controlling the cooling fluid supplied to the plurality of cooling pipes 9. Further, the cooling pipe chamber 35 is provided with an air pressure regulating valve 40 and a refrigerant replenishing device 41 for replenishing the refrigerant circulation system with refrigerant for automatic control.

Therefore, on the one hand, the evaporated refrigerant that has received heat and evaporated from the cooling passage 2 flows into the piston pipe 3. It flows into the cooling pipe chamber 35 through the cylinder pipe 4 and the guide pipe 5, where it comes into contact with the cooling pipe 9, is heat-radiated and condensed, and falls into the cooling passage 2 as droplets. On the other hand, a part of the refrigerant that has been turned into droplets is transferred to the cylinder pipe 4. The heat is received and evaporated from the piston pipe 3, and the cooled refrigerant flows into the cooling pipe chamber 35 again as an evaporated refrigerant.

That is, the refrigerant is circulated as a liquid or a gas.

In order to efficiently cool the refrigerant in such a configuration, the refrigerant circulation system, particularly the seal structure of the sliding portion, is important, and reliably refrigerant circulation must be achieved. In this embodiment, this is configured as follows.

As shown in FIG. 3, a groove 43 is formed on the outer periphery of the upper part of the piston tube 3 in order to fit a belt-shaped seal ring 42 having an appropriate interval thereinto, and the groove 43 is provided with a groove 43 in the vertical direction of the groove 43. A plurality of buckling grooves 44 are provided at appropriate intervals.

In addition, a buck ring 45 that is biased radially outward in the piston pipe 3 is fitted into the buck ring groove 44, and is further surrounded by a buck ring 45 made of a material having excellent elasticity, for example. A band-shaped seal ring 42 having excellent wear resistance is attached to the groove 43 to make the cylinder pipe 4 slidable and airtight. Above buck ring 45
It is formed into a multi-layered structure, and includes an elastic ring, a coil spring, etc. covered with rubber and a spongy body. On the other hand, the outer periphery of the band-shaped seal ring 42 is formed into a generally gentle spherical shape, and rack-shaped labyrinths 46 are provided at both ends of the band-shaped seal ring 42 in the axial direction.
In addition, a small protrusion 47 that partially protrudes outward in the radial direction is formed, and the back side corresponding to the small protrusion 47 is recessed outward in the radial direction and has a substantially uniform thickness. This forms a vacuum chamber 48 with respect to the groove 43 of the piston pipe 3.
is formed. Furthermore, the labyrinth 46 is formed axially inward of the decompression chamber 48 .

On the other hand, at the upper and lower ends of the groove portion 43, cylinder pipes 4. The decompression chamber 48 is located in the sliding gap with the piston pipe 3.
A gas passage 49 is provided for forcibly feeding refrigerant, for example, to the refrigerant circulation system, which is pushed out by expansion and contraction of the refrigerant.

The sealing means 28 having such a structure allows the cylinder pipe 4 to slide smoothly, reliably seals the evaporative refrigerant and droplet refrigerant, and circulates them effectively.

Further, 1. Cooling fins 51 that stand up radially outward on the outer circumferential portion of the cylinder pipe 4 are formed at predetermined intervals at least in sections that overlap with the stroke of sliding along the piston pipe 3. , cylinder pipe 4 and piston pipe 3
The sealing means 28 is provided so as to function properly by dissipating the frictional heat generated by the sliding movement.

By the way, in order to closely engage the poppet valve 1 with the valve seat 18, it is effective to rotate the poppet valve 1 with respect to the valve seat 18 to expand surface contact. A steel ball race 53 is fixedly provided on the pneumatic piston 23, and the steel balls 5 roll along the steel ball race 53.
A rocker arm 25 is provided through the poppet valve 2 so that it is configured independently of the rotation of the poppet valve 1. rocker arm 25
is connected to a drive device (not shown), and presses the pneumatic piston 23 more than the urging force of the pressure chamber 15 to open the poppet valve 1.
It is constructed so that the valve does not open. This rocker arm 25
is formed in a Y shape to surround the cylinder pipe 4 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and discharges lubricating oil in the radial direction from a rocker arm shaft 55 that supports the rocker arm 25. A lubricating oil supply passage 58 is provided extending into the arm 25 from a lubricating oil supply port 57 formed in a diameter that takes into consideration the lifting height of the arm 25 or a groove shape corresponding to the armhole 56, and further provided therein. is branched into a Y-shape to supply lubricating oil to the steel balls 52 to prevent smooth rolling and seizure.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained below.

The poppet valve 1 is movable along the guide cylinder 17 of the valve body 12 in the opening/closing operation direction, and the valve head portion 19 is moved along the guide tube 17 of the valve body 12.
The intake/exhaust passage 13 and the combustion chamber 10 are made airtight or open appropriately by being closely engaged with or separated from each other. Further, the biasing force in the closing direction of the poppet valve 1 changes depending on the amount of fluid supplied from the fluid supply pipe 24 to the pressure chamber 15, and the pneumatic piston 23 is connected along the valve box 12. The poppet valve 1 is operated in the closing direction.

Next, the operation of the cooling device for the poppet valve 1 of the present invention will be explained.

When the poppet valve 1 is exposed to combustion gas, the refrigerant in the refrigerant chamber 26 in the valve head section 19 receives heat and evaporates due to the heat received.
The pneumatic piston 23 rises along the cooling passage 2 and rises sequentially. Piston tube 3. Cylinder pipe 4. It flows into the cooling pipe chamber 35 of the condenser 8 via the guide pipe 5.

Further, this refrigerant contacts the plurality of cooling pipes 9 and is condensed into droplets, and then falls down the pipes into the refrigerant chamber 26.
It is again used as an evaporative refrigerant. By repeating this cycle, the poppet valve 1 is efficiently and evenly cooled, and corrosion of the exposed surface of the poppet valve 1 is thereby suppressed, improving durability over a long period of time.
The durability and reliability of the engine will be greatly improved.

In addition, in order to achieve efficient cooling, the convex spherical surface portions 29 of the guide tube 5 and the cylinder tube 4 are made to be in close contact with each other through the seal ring 6 and to be able to freely slide.
By fitting them together, it can be bent freely around the center of rotation, making it possible to sufficiently cope with the eccentric load transmitted from the piston pipe 3. In addition, since the eccentric load and impact load are applied to the fitting portion in an accelerated manner, a joint means 7 is provided to buffer this load, thereby reducing noise and the like. This suppresses the occurrence of fatigue fractures due to long-term repeated stress and improves durability.

Further, the sealing means 28 provided between the piston pipe 3 and the cylinder pipe 4 is configured to slide smoothly on the piston pipe 3 sliding along the guide pipe 5, and is made of an elastic material, for example. A small protrusion 47 is formed on the band-shaped seal ring 42. By providing the decompression chamber 48, the decompression chamber 48 deforms appropriately against the sliding surface during sliding to improve sealing performance, and also forces the intervening refrigerant from the decompression chamber 48 through the gas passage 49. The passageway is configured to reduce sliding resistance.

Therefore, the poppet valve 1 is made slidable and cooling is achieved, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the engine.

[Effect of the invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

(1) Since the cooling device is configured to cool the poppet valve while it is being driven, the poppet valve can be sufficiently and uniformly cooled to prevent corrosion of exposed surfaces and improve sufficient durability and reliability. .

(2) Accelerated impact transmitted from the poppet valve,
In order to absorb the eccentric load, a cylinder tube with a convex spherical surface is fitted onto the guide tube to make it slidable and bendable, and these are connected by a coupling means, so that the above load can be absorbed sufficiently. It can buffer and prevent noise and improve the durability of the engine.

3) Since the screw tube is configured so that it does not slide on the cylinder tube via the sealing means, it can be operated smoothly and in close contact with the cylinder tube, and the drive can improve the cooling efficiency without escaping the refrigerant.

(4) By controlling the amount of cooling water filled into the cooling pipe in the condenser, the temperature of the refrigerant can be freely controlled, thereby making it possible to adjust the temperature of the poppet valve.

(5) The rocker arm is formed in a Y shape, and is mounted on the pneumatic piston with no steel balls, and this is provided via rolling steel balls, and lubricating oil is supplied to the steel balls, so the pneumatic piston and can be actuated in the valve-opening direction independently of the rotation of the poppet valve.

[F]) The refrigerant that cools the poppet valve has a thermal conductivity tens of thousands of times higher than that of metal, so it can be cooled in a short time.

(7) Since a bellows part is formed in the piston pipe, it buffers C1 against the rotational shock and eccentric load of the valve stem.
Prevent damage to sealing means, sealing rings, etc.

(8) Since it is possible to achieve a structure in which the poppet valve is fixed to the pneumatic piston with screws, the poppet valve can be installed easily without any load being applied to the part, and fatigue can be prevented.

(9) The device is extremely compact and can be produced at low cost.

Since cooling fins are formed on the circumferential side of the OC cylinder, thermal deformation and uneven wear of the seal ring etc. can be suppressed.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is an overall view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a detailed view of the main part of Figure 1 showing the sealing means, Figures 4 and 5 are a rocker arm that operates the poppet valve in the opening direction, The figure is a sectional view taken along the line IV-TV in FIG. 1. In the figure, 1 is a poppet valve, 2 is a cooling passage, 3 is a screw, a ton pipe, 4 is a cylinder pipe, 5 is a guide pipe, 7 is a coupling means, 8 is a condenser, and 9 is a cooling pipe. Patent applicant Nobuo Kinuya, patent attorney representing Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a poppet valve device in which a valve seat is formed in a high-temperature fluid passage and a poppet valve is seated on the valve seat to open and close the passage, a valve stem is inserted into the poppet valve from its valve stem part in order to cool the poppet valve. A cooling passage that runs along the axis and opens at the upper end of the valve stem, a piston pipe that communicates with the cooling passage and is connected to the upper part of the valve stem, and a piston pipe that surrounds and slides along the piston pipe. A cylinder tube that freely guides, a guide tube that slidably and eccentrically surrounds the cylinder tube, a cylinder tube that supports the cylinder tube movably and bendably with respect to the guide tube, and a direction in which the cylinder tube is operated. and a condenser connected to the guide pipe and provided with a cooling pipe for condensing the refrigerant evaporated from the cooling passage. cooling system.