JPS6029124B2 - calculation equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a calculation device, and more specifically, it is a method for graphically displaying calculation results obtained by adding or subtracting a certain number, such as a prime number, to another number, such as a prime number. The present invention relates to a calculating device for determining whether a certain number consists of the sum or product of a certain factor, such as a prime number, and another factor, such as a prime number, either graphically or using a sign.

In traditional calculators, using an analog slide rule as an example, you can calculate the product of one number by another number, or the quotient obtained by dividing one number by another number. , there is a limit to the accuracy of the number of layers in these numbers, and skill is required to correctly read up to the third digit.
Taking a digital calculator as an example, although the number of layers described above can be determined extremely accurately, it requires an extremely complicated electronic, electrical, or mechanical mechanism to store this number of layers.

In the calculation device of the present invention, the above certain number, another number,
A certain factor or another factor is digitally numbered in advance on a diagram using codes that are determined for each number or factor and have a certain relationship between them, and the relationship that exists between each of these numbers. is read out digitally using a code using a fixed scale provided in connection with the drawing board and a movable scale that can be moved in a fixed relationship with respect to the fixed scale.

According to the calculating device of the present invention, it is possible not only to calculate the sum or product of two numbers digitally and accurately in a short time using signs, but also to calculate the difference between two numbers or factor a certain number. The effect is expected to be that it can be digitally decomposed using codes accurately and in a short time.

A diagram showing an embodiment of the calculation instrument of the present invention will be described.

In Figure 1, each horizontal row of 25 compartments is accompanied by a vertical row of 36 compartments, the total number of compartments in the row and column being 9
It becomes 00. Numbers from 0 to 899 are partially written in these sections to indicate the address of the section, but it is convenient to distinguish the results of calculations by color-coding prime numbers, factors, etc. In addition to the above-mentioned addresses, these sections are marked with the symbols shown in FIG. For example, the numerals in FIG. 2 indicate that all partitions having a diagonal line from the upper left to the lower right named "2" have a factor of address "2". Therefore, the parcels with addresses "6" at the intersection of the 11th column and the 3rd row are "4", "3" and "5".
In FIG. 3, a drawing board 11 representing the division shown on the base 1 is fixed, and a fixed scale 2 is provided so as to surround this drawing board 11.
Movable scales 3 and 4 are provided so that both ends of the fixed scale 2 are supported in a movable manner.

There is a groove 6 along the length of the fixed scale 2, into which a piece 7 provided near the end of each of the movable scales 3 and 4 is engaged for continuous operation. A scale 5 is engraved on each of the movable scales 3 and 4. Therefore, the movable scales 3 and 4 can slide on the fixed scale 2, and the grooves 6
The movable scale of the piece 7 can be moved parallel to the fixed scale using the scale 5 as a guide. The method of using the calculation instrument of the present invention is as follows.

First, a method for finding a number sequence having the prime number 19 as a factor will be explained using an example. The block at the intersection of the first row and the 20th column is given the address "19'',
The section at the intersection of the second row and the first nail row has “38”
The address has been given. If the center point of address 19 and the center point of the address spot are placed on a straight line using the movable scale 3, this straight line will be located on the margin above the first row of aircraft in Figure 1 and form the 0th row. The center point of the section that corresponds to the section one row above the intersection of the possible horizontal row and the vertical row that is on the right margin of the 2g difficult row in the same figure and is thought to form the second muscle lock row. (hereinafter referred to as the right zero point). Now, use the scale 5 of the movable scale 3 to double and triple the distance between the center point of address 19 and the center point of address 38 in the direction of increasing the number of addresses.
By multiplying and equalizing, addresses 57 and 76 are obtained. These addresses 19, 3, 57, and 76 are all labeled with one of the white hearts in the embodiment of FIG. Addresses larger than address 76 are determined as follows. In the example above, the addresses with numbers larger than address 76 are all the way to the left of the first vertical row on the fourth row, so in this case, the addresses that have numbers larger than address 76 are all the way to the left of the first vertical row. Find the relationship between the new address and the above right zero point, which is newly set on the direction and corresponds to the relationship between address 0 and address 76, and find the center point of the division of this new address (hereinafter referred to as the second right zero point). ) is the new right zero point, if the movable scale 3 is moved in parallel using the fixed scale 2, the above straight line of the movable scale 3 will show one number sequence of new addresses 95, 114, 133, and 152. .

Addresses with numbers greater than address 152 are again numbered 7.
Since the horizontal row can be swung completely to the left of the first vertical column, a new number sequence can be obtained by moving the movable scale 3 in parallel to the new third right zero point in the same way as in the above method. At this time, address 0 of movable scale 4
There are addresses 228, 304, etc. on the straight line connecting the center point of the left zero point (hereinafter referred to as the left zero point) and address 76, and the distance between the corresponding addresses on the straight line of this movable scale 4 is calculated by Exactly corresponds to the distance in the direction of translation.

From this fact, moving the movable scale 3 in parallel using the scale 5 of the movable scale 4 using the pieces 7 of the movable scale 3 and the grooves of the fixed scale 2 means that the pieces 7 of the movable scale 4 and the grooves of the fixed scale 2 It turns out that using the groove to move the movable scale 4 in parallel while using the scale 5 of the movable scale 3 is complementary to each other. This means that you can use the movable scale 3 to find one number sequence, and when this number sequence is completed, you can use the movable scale 4 to move the movable scale 3 in parallel to find the continuation of the previous number sequence. and,
The handling of the movable scale 3 and the movable scale 4 indicates that they are interchangeable.

Next, as a method of using the calculation device of the present invention, a method of finding out which prime numbers a certain number belongs to a sequence of numbers as factors will be explained using another example.

The block at the intersection of the 12th row and the 2nd column has “276”
' has been given the address. When placing the center point of address 276 and the right zero point on a straight line using the movable scale 3, this straight line will be at address 253, address 230, address 207, etc.
. . . It passes through address 46 and address 23, and it is found that the number sequence that constitutes these belongs to a number sequence in which the prime number 23 is a factor. These addresses 23, 40... Address 20
7. Addresses 230 and 253 are all labeled one of the black diamonds in the embodiment of FIG. Furthermore, as a method of using the calculation instrument of the present invention, a method of calculating the sum or difference between a certain number and another number will be explained using an example.

A certain number 53 is located at the intersection of the third row and the fourth column.
Another number 134 is given at the address "134" at the intersection of the 6th machine row and the 10th row. Measure the distance between the center points of , and the distance between the center points of address 0 and address 134, respectively, and define them as a and b. Using the movable ruler 4, place the center points of address 0 and address 53 on a straight line. , (since the distance between both center points is given as a) move the movable scale 4 to the center point of address 134.
Use the movable scale 3 to move in parallel until the straight lines on the front line match, and move the movable scale 3 from the center point of address 134 in the direction away from address 0 on the new straight line that coincides with the center point of address 134. When a is read on the scale 5, a + b is given on the drawing board 11 as an address "787''.

To find the difference between two numbers, just reverse the above steps.
As explained above, according to the calculator of the present invention, it is possible to easily find a number sequence in which a certain number, such as a prime number, is a factor, and also to find out what kind of number a certain large number is, especially any prime number. It is easy to find out whether it is a factor.

In the board shown in Figure 1, the number of addresses is from 0 to 899.
However, for addresses over 900,
By creating another drawing board in accordance with the method of making the drawing board shown in FIG. 1, replacing this other drawing board with the drawing board shown in FIG. It is possible to perform calculations to find a sequence of numbers whose factors are the numbers on the plane shown in Figure 1. In the drawing board shown in Figure 1, for addresses exceeding 900, there is no need to create a separate drawing board.
The same calculation as above can be performed by overlaying a board identical to the board shown in FIG. 1 with the address matching the board shown in FIG.

An example of how to overlap these addresses will be explained. The board fixed to the first drawing is called the first drawing board, and the board that overlaps is called the second drawing board. The section at the intersection of the 38th yellow column and the first slow row on the first drawing board is given the address "850'', and from the code this section has, it is clear that the address 850 has the prime number 17 as a factor. To find a sequence with the prime number 17 as a factor, add address 0 on the second board to address 850 on the first board, and add 850 (=
When adding 850-10) and treating it as a new address, calculations similar to those in Figure 1 can be performed for addresses exceeding 900.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram configuring an embodiment of the calculating device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a table explaining the meanings of the symbols on the board of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the calculating device of the present invention. In the figure, 2... fixed length, 3, 4...
Movable scale, 11... drawing board. Seiza 2, Saba', Groove 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drawing board in which zeros, natural numbers, and codes determined by factors of these natural numbers and having a certain relationship between them are digitally placed in sections constituted by vertical rows and horizontal columns. ,
A calculation instrument comprising a base capable of fixing the drawing board, a fixed scale fixed on the base, and a movable scale movable in parallel to the fixed scale. 2. In the calculation instrument described in claim 1, the two scales are moved relatively in parallel by a groove provided on the fixed scale and a piece provided on the movable scale to engage with the groove. A computing device configured to: