[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

JPS60254586A - セラミツクヒ−タ - Google Patents

セラミツクヒ−タ

Info

Publication number
JPS60254586A
JPS60254586A JP59110109A JP11010984A JPS60254586A JP S60254586 A JPS60254586 A JP S60254586A JP 59110109 A JP59110109 A JP 59110109A JP 11010984 A JP11010984 A JP 11010984A JP S60254586 A JPS60254586 A JP S60254586A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic
heating element
powder
outer periphery
insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP59110109A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH0230149B2 (ja
Inventor
渥美　守弘
均 吉田
伊藤　信衛
欣也 渥美
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Soken Inc
Original Assignee
Nippon Soken Inc
NipponDenso Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Soken Inc, NipponDenso Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Soken Inc
Priority to JP59110109A priority Critical patent/JPS60254586A/ja
Priority to US06/739,474 priority patent/US4633064A/en
Priority to DE19853519437 priority patent/DE3519437A1/de
Publication of JPS60254586A publication Critical patent/JPS60254586A/ja
Publication of JPH0230149B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0230149B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
    • C04B35/5611—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on titanium carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
    • C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
    • C04B35/58071—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides based on titanium borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/58085—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicides
    • C04B35/58092—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicides based on refractory metal silicides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/001—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating directly with other burned ceramic articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3804—Borides
    • C04B2235/3813—Refractory metal borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3839—Refractory metal carbides
    • C04B2235/3843—Titanium carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/3873—Silicon nitrides, e.g. silicon carbonitride, silicon oxynitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3891—Silicides, e.g. molybdenum disilicide, iron silicide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5445—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5463—Particle size distributions
    • C04B2235/5472—Bimodal, multi-modal or multi-fraction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
    • C04B2235/786—Micrometer sized grains, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/34—Oxidic
    • C04B2237/343—Alumina or aluminates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
    • C04B2237/363—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
    • C04B2237/368—Silicon nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/58—Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles
    • C04B2237/588—Forming a gradient in composition or in properties across the laminate or the joined articles by joining layers or articles of the same composition but having different particle or grain sizes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/78—Side-way connecting, e.g. connecting two plates through their sides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/84—Joining of a first substrate with a second substrate at least partially inside the first substrate, where the bonding area is at the inside of the first substrate, e.g. one tube inside another tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はセラミックヒータ、特にディーゼル機関のグロ
ー１フグ等に有効に適用されるセラミックヒータに関す
るものである。
〔従来技術〕
ディーゼル機関には低温時の始動用部品としてグロープ
ラグが用いられておシ、機関の始動性向上のために速熱
性のグロープラグが要求されている。発明者らはこの要
求に応えるべく、電気絶縁性のセラミック部材の先端外
周に、耐酸化性の導電性セラミックたる珪化モリブデン
（Ｍｏ５ｉＩ）と低熱膨張係数の絶縁性セラミックたる
窒化珪素（ＳＬＬ）の混合粉末を焼結してなるヒータを
形成し、ヒータが燃焼室の雰囲気内に露出するように設
置するグロープラグを開発した（特願昭５’７−３４１
６３号、特願昭５９−’７０６７０号）。このグロープ
ラグではヒータが直接に燃焼室内を加熱するので速熱性
にすぐれている。またヒータの構成要素たるＭＯ８１ｔ
はヒータに耐酸化性を与え、また低熱膨張係数を有する
Ｓｉ、８Ｎ４　はヒータに耐熱衝撃性を与える。
ところで、このヒータでは、ヒータ自体の耐熱衝撃性は
非常にすぐれているが、ヒータを支持する絶縁性セラミ
ック部材とそのまゎシに形成したヒータの接合部では両
者の熱膨張係数、熱伝導率等の緒特性の相異により熱応
力が生じ、耐熱衝撃性を低下させるという問題がある。
〔発明の目的〕
本発明は上記の問題に鑑みてなされたもので、内燃機関
の燃焼室等を直接に加熱することができて速熱性にすぐ
れ、かつ耐熱衝撃性が改善されたセラミックヒータを提
供することを目的とする。
〔発明の構成〕
本発明のセラミックヒータは通電にょシ発熱するセラミ
ック発熱体の一つの端面に、電源に接続する一対の通電
線の先端を互に所定の間隔をおいて埋設し、セラミック
発熱体の外周部に沿って発熱部を形成する。
セラミック発熱体は、両通電線の埋設部を含み発熱部と
なる外局部と、両通電線の埋設部に挟まれた部分を含む
中心部とよシなシ、画部分は一体焼結して接合せしめで
ある。外周部は導電性セラミック粉末例えばＭ　ＯＳ　
ｆＬ　＊　粉末と絶縁性セラミック粉末例えばＳｉｔ　
Ｎ４　粉末の混合粉末の焼結体によシ形成する。この場
合、導電性セラミック粉末の平均粒径を絶縁性セラミッ
ク粉末のそれよりも小さく、望ましくは１７２以下とす
る。
中心部も上記外周部と同一材料、同一混合割合の２＠の
セラミック粉末の混合物の焼結体で形成する。ただし導
電性セラミック粉末の平均粒径を絶縁性セラミックと同
じないしはそれよりも大きくする。
セラミック体の外周部では小径の導電性セラミック粉末
が絶縁性セラミック粉末を取囲んで互に連なり電流は外
周部を流れ発熱せしめる。
一方、中心部では大径の導電性粉末間に小径の絶縁性粉
末が介在するので両者は直列に列んだ状態となって外周
部に比し抵抗が大きく両通電線の埋設部間は短絡は生じ
ない。
また中心部と外周部は同一材料、同一組成であるので、
両者の接合部では熱応力は生じない。
〔実施例〕
以下、本発明の詳細をグロープラグに適用した下記の実
施例および実験例にもとすき説明する。
第１図はセラミックグロープラグを示すもので、Ｍ　Ｏ
Ｓ　’１−　禦と８１ｓＮａの混合粉末を焼結してなる
セラミック発熱体１がＳｉ、ｓ　Ｎ、とアルミナ（Ａｄ
ｓ　Ｏｓ　）　の混合粉末を焼結してなる支持部材２の
外端面に接合せしめてあり、支持部材２内にはセラミッ
ク発熱体１に接続するタングステンの通電線３ａ、３ｂ
が埋設しである。支持部材２の外周には金属パイプ４を
取付け、該パイプ４に筒、状の金属ボデー艷の一端が接
合しである。金属ボデー５の他端開口には電気絶縁グツ
シュ８を介在せしめて中心電極７を配し、中心電極ツお
よびブツシュ８は取付ナツト９によシボデー５に固着せ
しめである。ナツト９およびボデー５間はＯリング１０
によシシールされている。通電線３ｂの他端はホールデ
ィングピン６によシ中心電極と接続し、通電線５ａの他
端は金属パイプ４と接続している。グロープラグはその
ボデー５に形成したねじ５１によシ図略の燃焼室壁のね
じ穴に固定される。
セラミック発熱体１は、通電線３ａ、３’ｂの埋設部を
含む断面コ字形の外周部１１と、上記両埋設部に挾まれ
た部分を含み上記外周部１１にで囲まれた板状の中心部
１２とよシなる。いずれもＭｏ５ＬとＳｉ＊Ｎｎ　粉末
よシなシ、かつ配合割合を同一にした混合物の焼結体で
ある。
但し、外周部１１ではＭＯ８ｉｆｆｉ　粉末の平均粒径
はＳｉ、、　Ｎ４　粉末のそれよ）も小さく、中心部１
２ではＭｏＳｉ、粉末の平均粒径は５ｉｓＮ４　のそれ
と同じないしそれよりも大きくしである。
第２図は外周部１１の組織を、第３図は中心部の組織を
、それぞれモデル的に示したものである。外周部１１で
はＳｉ、ｓＮ４　粉末のまわりを導電性のＭｏＳｉ２　
粉末がとシかこみ、通電を良好にしている。一方、中心
部１２ではＭＯ６Ｌ粉末と５ＬＮａ　粉末が直列に列ん
だ状態となっておシ、外周部よシも比抵抗が大きい。
第４図はＭＯ８１！　粉末とＳＬｓ　Ｎ４　粉末を混合
した焼結体において、ＭＯ８ｉ＊（平均粒径０．９ｔｎ
ｐと３．５　ｍ　Ｈの２種）の配合比３０モｙｖｘと５
１ｓＮａ　マ０モ／Ｌ／％の組合せで５ｊ−ｓＮａ　の
粒径を変化させた場合の比抵抗を示すものである。
Ｓ’１．ａＮａ　の平均粒径が相対的に大きくなるほど
比抵抗は小さくなる。
□、図にヶｆヤー七２ヶ、熱４．よおい７、ヤ絡しない
ようにするためには、外周部１１の抵抗値よりも中心部
１２の抵抗値を大きくする必要がある。発熱によシ抵抗
値は変化するが、この場合も同様にする必要がある。
第５図は第４図のＡの組合せをセラミック発熱体を外周
部１１に用い、Ｂの組合せを中心部１２に用いた場合の
、抵抗値を示すものである。
第５図（８）は外周部、第５図（ハ）は中心部について
示す。なお、外周部１１と中心部１２の厚さを第１表の
ように種々変えたセラミック発熱体を用いてテストした
。
第　１　表 上表においてｔｌ　は中心部１２の厚さ、１ｍは外周部
１１の厚さである（第１図参照）。また上表において常
温抵抗値は中心部１２のそれである。第５図において（
１）〜（４）は上表における実施何屋に対応する。
第５図より知られるように温度の上昇とともに外周部１
１および中心部１２ともに抵抗値が上昇する。しかしい
ずれの実施例においても１３００°Ｃに至る間、中心部
１２の抵抗値の方が大きくグロープラグのセラミック発
熱体として用いられ得る。ただし、中心部の抵抗値は外
周部の１．７倍程度ないしそれ以上であることが望まし
く、実施例４２〜／Ｉ６４が最も適している。
なお、上記実施例ではセラミック発熱体の外周部と中心
部を第４図のＡ、Ｂの組合せとしたが、Ａ％Ｃの組合せ
とすることもできる。
次に上記実施例のセラミック発熱体を用いたグロープラ
グと、セラミック発熱体の中心部１２の部材としてアル
ミナ、炭化珪素、窒化珪素の各焼結体を用いた比較材に
ついてスポーリングに関するテストを行なった。即ち、
各グロープラグに電圧を印加して種々の温度に飽和発熱
させ、セラミック発熱体１の部分を２０°Ｃの水中に浸
漬するサイクルを１０回繰返し行ない、抵抗値の変化が
１０％以上となる温度を調べた。
結果を第２表に示す。表においてＸ印は抵抗値変化が１
０Ｘに達したもの、○印は達しなかったものを示す。
Ｆコロ 第　２　表 セラミック発熱体の中央部 と外周部の接合部には両者の熱膨張係数、熱伝導率等の
緒特性が相違すると熱応力によシフラックが生じる。抵
抗値の変化はこのクラックが外周部に進展して生じるも
のであって、１０Ｘの抵抗変化を発生せしめるクラック
は、中央部をＡｆｌｍＯｓ、ＳＩＣ，Ｓｉｎ　Ｎ４とし
たときそれぞれ２５０°Ｃ１４００°Ｃ，４５０°Ｃで
あるのに対し、本発明により中央部を外周部と同一成分
、同一組成とすると５００　”Ｃでも上記クラックは生
じない。
〔発明の作用効果〕
上記したように本発明はセラミック発熱体の中心部と、
中心部と一体焼結されてこれを包む外周部とを成分、組
成は同一であるが比抵抗の異る別部材で構成し、この場
合中心部の比抵抗を外周部のそれよシも大きくシ、外周
部の端面に一対の通電線の端部を所定の間隔をおいて埋
設してセラミックヒータを形成せしめたもので、ａ電す
ることによシミ流は外周部を流れて発熱させる。一方、
側進電線の埋設部間は中心部で遮ぎられておシ、中心部
の高比抵抗によシ゛短絡が防がれる。そして中心部と外
周部の接合部は成分、組成が同一の部材が焼結接合され
ている　′ので、冷熱が繰返されても熱応力が生じてク
ラックが発生するようなことがなく、すぐれた耐熱衝撃
性が示され、本発明のセラミックヒータはグロープラグ
等に適用して極めてすぐれた効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図（８）は本発明のセラミックヒータを備えたグロ
ープラグの縦断面図、・第１図（ハ）は第１図（８）の
セラミックヒータの端面図、第２図はセラミックヒータ
の外周部の組織をモデル的に示す図、第３図はセラミッ
クヒータの中心部の組織をモデル的に示す図、第４図は
セラミックヒータを構成する成分の粒径と比抵抗の関係
を示す図、第５図はセラミックヒータの温度と抵抗値の
関係を示す図である。 １・・・・・・セラミック発熱体 １１・・・・・・外周部 １２・・・・・・中心部 ２・・・・・・セラミック発熱体保持部材３ａ、３ｂ・
・・・・・通電線 第７図 ／Ａノ　（Ｂ）

Claims (5)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. （１）　通電によシ発熱するセラミック発熱体の一つの
    端面に、電源に接続する一対の通電線の先端を所定の間
    隔をおいて埋設してなるセラミックヒータにおいて、通
    電線の埋設部を含むセラミック発熱体の外周部を導電性
    セラミック粉末と絶縁性セラミック粉末の混合物であっ
    て導電性セラミック粉末の平均粒径が絶縁性セラミック
    粉末のそれよシも小さい混合物の焼結体で形成し、側進
    電線の埋設部に挟まれた部分を含み上記外周部で囲まれ
    た中心部を上記外周部と同一材料で同一配合割合の導電
    性セラミック粉末および絶縁性セラミック粉末の混合物
    であつの焼結体で形成し、上記外周部および中心部を一
    体！結してなるセラミックセータ。
  2. （２）上記セラミック発熱体の外周部を構成する導電性
    セラミック粉末の平均粒径が絶縁性セラミック粉末の１
    　／　２以下である特許請求の範囲第１項記載のセラミ
    ックヒータ。
  3. （３）上記セラミック発熱体の中心部の比抵抗が外周部
    の比抵抗の１゜７倍以上である特許請求の範囲第１項記
    載のセラミックヒータ。
  4. （４）上記導電性セラミックが珪化モリブデン、珪化タ
    ングステン、硼化チタン、炭化チタンのいずれかであシ
    、上記絶縁性セラミックが窒化珪素である特許請求の範
    囲第１項記載のセラミックヒータ。
  5. （５）上記セラミック発熱体が絶縁性セラミックよりな
    る支持部材の先端に接合され、上記通電線は上記支持部
    材内を延びてその先端が上記セラミック発熱体に埋設せ
    しめられた特許請求の範囲第１　項記載のセラミックヒ
    ータ。
JP59110109A 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 セラミツクヒ−タ Granted JPS60254586A (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59110109A JPS60254586A (ja) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 セラミツクヒ−タ
US06/739,474 US4633064A (en) 1984-05-30 1985-05-30 Sintered ceramic electric heater with improved thermal shock resistance
DE19853519437 DE3519437A1 (de) 1984-05-30 1985-05-30 Keramische heizvorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59110109A JPS60254586A (ja) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 セラミツクヒ−タ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60254586A true JPS60254586A (ja) 1985-12-16
JPH0230149B2 JPH0230149B2 (ja) 1990-07-04

Family

ID=14527270

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59110109A Granted JPS60254586A (ja) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 セラミツクヒ−タ

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4633064A (ja)
JP (1) JPS60254586A (ja)
DE (1) DE3519437A1 (ja)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS631926A (ja) * 1986-06-20 1988-01-06 Kyocera Corp 耐熱カバ−
JPS6461356A (en) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-08 Nippon Denso Co Ceramic material
JPH1041052A (ja) * 1996-07-23 1998-02-13 Ube Ind Ltd セラミックス抵抗発熱体及びその製造方法
US5877474A (en) * 1996-03-29 1999-03-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug and heating element made of ceramic material
US5948306A (en) * 1996-03-29 1999-09-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
JP2002531373A (ja) * 1998-12-04 2002-09-24 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 焼結されたピン型加熱器

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62131065A (ja) * 1985-12-03 1987-06-13 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 高分子正温度特性組成物
JPH0617272B2 (ja) * 1986-02-12 1994-03-09 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 窒化珪素−アルミナ系複合セラミツクスおよびその製造方法
DE3734274C2 (de) * 1986-10-09 1996-07-11 Nippon Denso Co Keramische Glühkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
JPH01313362A (ja) * 1988-06-09 1989-12-18 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミック発熱体およびその製造方法
CA1314581C (en) * 1988-07-08 1993-03-16 Yoshinori Nishino Heater device used for floor material etc. and floor material with heater contained therein
US5146536A (en) * 1988-11-07 1992-09-08 Westover Brooke N High temperature electric air heater with tranversely mounted PTC resistors
US5004893A (en) * 1988-11-07 1991-04-02 Westover Brooke N High-speed, high temperature resistance heater and method of making same
US5304778A (en) * 1992-11-23 1994-04-19 Electrofuel Manufacturing Co. Glow plug with improved composite sintered silicon nitride ceramic heater
EP0635993B1 (en) * 1993-07-20 2000-05-17 TDK Corporation Ceramic heater
US5367994A (en) * 1993-10-15 1994-11-29 Detroit Diesel Corporation Method of operating a diesel engine utilizing a continuously powered glow plug
JP2828575B2 (ja) * 1993-11-12 1998-11-25 京セラ株式会社 窒化珪素質セラミックヒータ
DE4444685A1 (de) * 1994-12-15 1996-06-20 Behr Thomson Dehnstoffregler Thermostatisches Arbeitselement mit einem elektrischen Widerstandsheizelement
JP3411498B2 (ja) * 1997-04-23 2003-06-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ、その製造方法、及びセラミックグロープラグ
DE19857958A1 (de) 1998-12-16 2000-06-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stiftheizer
DE19949823A1 (de) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gesinterter keramischer Verbundkörper
US6582629B1 (en) * 1999-12-20 2003-06-24 Saint-Gobain Ceramics And Plastics, Inc. Compositions for ceramic igniters
RU2178958C2 (ru) * 2000-02-17 2002-01-27 Институт физики твердого тела РАН Жаростойкий материал
JP2002367760A (ja) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ヒータ及びグロープラグ
JP4553529B2 (ja) * 2001-08-28 2010-09-29 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ及びそれを用いたグロープラグ
DE102004057268A1 (de) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-08 Webasto Ag Heizgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
JP5134375B2 (ja) * 2006-01-13 2013-01-30 日本碍子株式会社 ヒータの支持構造
DE102007051482A1 (de) 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Evonik Röhm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten Formkörpern
DE102010002164A1 (de) 2010-02-19 2011-10-06 Evonik Röhm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten Formkörpern
WO2014003093A1 (ja) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 京セラ株式会社 ヒータおよびこれを備えたグロープラグ

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1021691A (en) * 1961-10-19 1966-03-09 Kanthal Ab Improvements in heat-resistant and oxidation-proof materials containing molybdenum disilicide
US3895219A (en) * 1973-11-23 1975-07-15 Norton Co Composite ceramic heating element
US3875476A (en) * 1974-01-10 1975-04-01 Honeywell Inc Igniter element
US3875477A (en) * 1974-04-23 1975-04-01 Norton Co Silicon carbide resistance igniter
JPS55126989A (en) * 1979-03-24 1980-10-01 Kyoto Ceramic Ceramic heater
US4437440A (en) * 1979-06-20 1984-03-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Auxiliary combustion chamber preheating device
GB2084247B (en) * 1980-08-23 1984-03-07 Kyoto Ceramic Glow plugs for use in diesel engines
US4486651A (en) * 1982-01-27 1984-12-04 Nippon Soken, Inc. Ceramic heater
JPS598293A (ja) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-17 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 セラミツクヒ−タ
US4475029A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-10-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
US4444039A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-04-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Die forging press
US4499366A (en) * 1982-11-25 1985-02-12 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS631926A (ja) * 1986-06-20 1988-01-06 Kyocera Corp 耐熱カバ−
JPS6461356A (en) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-08 Nippon Denso Co Ceramic material
US5877474A (en) * 1996-03-29 1999-03-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug and heating element made of ceramic material
US5948306A (en) * 1996-03-29 1999-09-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
JPH1041052A (ja) * 1996-07-23 1998-02-13 Ube Ind Ltd セラミックス抵抗発熱体及びその製造方法
JP2002531373A (ja) * 1998-12-04 2002-09-24 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 焼結されたピン型加熱器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3519437A1 (de) 1985-12-05
DE3519437C2 (ja) 1993-07-15
US4633064A (en) 1986-12-30
JPH0230149B2 (ja) 1990-07-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPS60254586A (ja) セラミツクヒ−タ
JP5989896B2 (ja) セラミックヒータ
US4639712A (en) Sheathed heater
JPH04257615A (ja) セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ
JPH0155368B2 (ja)
JPS62252829A (ja) デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ
US6737612B2 (en) Ceramic heater and glow plug having the ceramic heater
WO2012014872A1 (ja) ヒータおよびこれを備えたグロープラグ
JP3078418B2 (ja) セラミック発熱体
JPH04268112A (ja) セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ
JP3601079B2 (ja) セラミックヒータ
JP3269253B2 (ja) セラミックヒータ
JP2004061041A (ja) セラミックグロープラグ
JPH0228045B2 (ja)
JP2003342655A (ja) 合金、該合金を含有する電極及び点火装置
JPS61121276A (ja) セラミツクヒ−タ
JPS6086787A (ja) セラミツクヒ−タ
JP3050262B2 (ja) セラミック製グロープラグ
JPS58106325A (ja) 内燃機関用の直熱形予熱栓
JPH01121626A (ja) ディーゼルエンジン用グロープラグ
JPS5996692A (ja) セラミツクヒ−タ装置
JPS60219A (ja) 自己制御型グロ−プラグ
JPH07151332A (ja) セラミックグロープラグ
JPS61185884A (ja) セラミツクヒ−タ
JPS6166392A (ja) グロ−プラグ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term