JPS5826409A - Insulated wire - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an insulated wire with excellent lubricity.

In recent years, electronics manufacturers that use enamelled wire have started using high-speed automatic wire winding machines in order to speed up the manufacturing of their equipment.

However, during the winding process, the insulating layer of enamelled wire is easily subject to mechanical bending damage due to friction, etc., and after being incorporated into equipment, layer show occurs, resulting in a large loss rate, which is a major problem. ing.

In order to reduce such mechanical damage, an enamelled wire with excellent lubricity is desired.

This is true not only for automatic winding machines but also for manual winding. For example, when inserting enameled wire into a narrow slot in a motor, enamelled wire with good lubricity is required to improve manual efficiency. .

Recently, various motors,
It is desired that the efficiency of various transformers be further improved, and among these various devices, it is especially important to increase the efficiency of various motors, including motors for refrigerators such as coolers, air conditioners, and refrigerators. This is strongly desired, and in order to improve the efficiency of these various motors, measures have been taken to insert more enamelled wires into narrow slots to further increase the space factor.

Since enameled wire itself has poor lubricity, a conventional method to solve this problem has been to apply various liquid lubricants such as liquid paraffin and refrigerating machine oil onto the enameled wire. However, as mentioned above, in order to improve the efficiency of motors, more enameled wires were inserted into narrow slots to increase the space factor, and conventional lubricants such as refrigeration oil were replaced. A number of problems have arisen that cannot be solved with the conventional coated enamelled wire. In other words, liquid lubricants such as refrigerating machine oil lack lubricity and slipperiness, so even if you try to insert more enameled wire into the slot, you may not be able to insert it, or you may be forced to insert it with great force. However, since the coating of the enameled wire is mechanically damaged, there is a problem in that layer shorts increase. Furthermore, the disadvantage of enamelled wire is that it has poor lubricity, and even after it is incorporated into a device as a coil, the film of the enamelled wire is subject to further mechanical damage due to electromagnetic vibration, etc. There is also the problem that it becomes impossible to perform its functions. Even if a large amount of ITE lubricant is applied in an attempt to improve lubricity, the effect is almost negligible.
- It has the disadvantage that it has a negative effect on the adhesive strength of the adhesive tape for the purpose.

On the other hand, attempts have been made to coat enameled wires with solid lubricants such as solid paraffin and carnauba wax, which have better lubricity and slipperiness than liquid lubricants.

However, most solid lubricants are poorly soluble or insoluble in solvents, and even if they do dissolve, the concentration is low.
When applying solid lubricants to electric wires, the current method is to apply a solution in which several percent of the lubricant is dissolved in a solvent such as petroleum benzine or cylene, and then evaporate the solvent. . Therefore, in this method, since most of the solvent is solvent, a large amount of wasted solvent is consumed, exhaust equipment is required for hygiene and safety reasons, and equipment for removing the emitted solvent by burning etc. is required as a pollution control measure. There is a risk of fire as it uses a solvent with a low flash point. Moreover, when performing heat drying, a heating furnace is required. Next, in terms of characteristics, when the solvent comes into contact with the wire surface, depending on the wire type, crazing occurs and the wire loses its commercial value, so the applicable types are limited, and the lubricant solution has a low concentration and very low viscosity. Because of this, it is not possible to control the thickness of the lubricant film, and the only option is to allow it to adhere to the wire as it passes through the solution, making it extremely difficult to appropriately control the amount of lubricant applied.

Furthermore, if enameled wire coated with these solid lubricants is applied to a refrigerator motor, etc., the lubricant extracted by the refrigerant will clog the compressor valve or the refrigerant blow-out nozzle in the expander, reducing the refrigerating capacity. There is a risk of a decline. Furthermore, if the lubricant is extracted by the refrigerant, the lubricity and sliding properties of the enameled wire itself will deteriorate, and the coating of the enamelled wire will be easily damaged by electromagnetic vibrations.

As a method of imparting lubricity to enameled wires, polyethylene is added to the insulating paint for enameled wires in advance.
Methods have been proposed in which various liquid and solid lubricants such as synthetic resins with excellent lubricity such as polypropylene and tetrafluoroethylene resin, silicone oil, fluorine surfactants, paraffin wax, carnauba wax, and montan wax are added. ing.

However, in the case of synthetic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and tetrafluoroethylene resins, these synthetic resins are poorly soluble in the solvent of insulating paint for enameled wires, so they cannot be uniformly dispersed in the paint. Not only does it have the disadvantage of being difficult to apply and the stability of the paint is poor, but it is also not compatible with the insulating material of the enamelled wire, making it difficult to disperse uniformly in the insulating film, and furthermore, the appearance may deteriorate. There is also the problem of doing so. Furthermore, when a liquid lubricant is added, the slipperiness and lubricity are insufficient, as in the case where it is applied onto an enameled wire. Also, when adding a solid lubricant, the lubricant may be extracted by a refrigerant or solvent, just like when applied to enameled wire, so it cannot be applied to refrigerator motors, enamelled wire, etc. Not only is it difficult, but like when adding synthetic resin, solid lubricants are poorly soluble in enamelled wire solvents,
Furthermore, since it is not compatible with insulating materials for enameled wires, it has the disadvantage of poor paint stability, as well as the disadvantage that uniform dispersion in the insulating film may result in poor appearance. ing.

The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve these problems.

The present invention comprises a conductor, one or more insulating films provided on the conductor, and a lubricious insulating film provided on the insulating film, and the lubricious insulating film contains at least one molecule. It is an insulated wire made by coating and baking a paint whose main component is a resin whose terminal end is a linear alkyl group with 21 or more carbon atoms. Solid paraffin for insulated wire,
Compared to applying solid lubricants such as carnauba wax, or adding these solid lubricants or synthetic resins with excellent lubricity such as polyethylene or polypropylene to insulation paint to obtain insulated wires, the insulation of the present invention The wire itself has comparable lubricity.

In the insulated wire of the present invention, the material itself coated and baked on the outermost layer has excellent lubricity, and unlike conventional wires, lubricant exists on the surface of the insulated wire or in the insulation film. do not have.

The paint used in the present invention is a synthetic resin with excellent lubricity such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or solid paraffin.
Compared to paints containing solid lubricants such as carnauba wax,
It has excellent stability and uniformity, and the resulting insulated wire also has an excellent appearance. Furthermore, compared to those obtained by applying solid lubricants such as solid paraffin and carnauba wax to the surface of insulated wires, or by adding these solid lubricants to insulation paints, there is less extractable material from refrigerants and solvents, etc. There is no risk of clogging of valves, nozzles, etc., and it can also be applied to refrigerator motors, etc., which require refrigerant resistance.

The insulated wire of the present invention is composed of a conductor, one or two types of insulating coating provided on the conductor, and a lubricating insulating coating provided on the insulating coating.

The lubricating insulating film must be provided on the first or second type of insulating film provided on the conductor.

This is because if a lubricating insulating film is provided directly on the conductor, the mechanical properties may be lacking. The ratio of the upper layer lubricating insulation coating to the total coating thickness of the insulated wire is determined by applying the insulating paint usually 3 to 20 times until the desired coating thickness is achieved so as not to adversely affect the mechanical properties of the resulting insulated wire. This is done by repeating baking (-1 digit), so in order to minimize the proportion of the lubricating and insulating film thickness in the total film thickness, only the last one of the coating and baking processes should be performed. The most desirable method is to use a paint to form a lubricating insulating film.The thickness of the outer lubricating insulating film formed by this method is 20% of the total film thickness of the resulting insulated wire. % or less is preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical properties.

In the insulated wire of the present invention, the insulating film provided as the lower layer may be of any type. For example, polyurethane
There are polyvinyl formal, polyester, polyesterimide, polyhydanyl-yne, polyamideimide, polyimide, polyesteramideimide, polyamide, etc., and insulating coatings made by combining two or more of these, such as polyurethane-polyamide, polyester-polyamide, nylformal, etc. It's good to have it.

When considering the application of the insulated wire of the present invention to fields such as refrigerator motors, preferred materials for the lower layer insulation film are polyvinyl formal, polyester, polyesterimide, polyamideimide, polyesteramideimide,
It is an insulating film formed using one or more types of polyimide or the like.

In the insulated wire of the present invention, the two-layer lubricating insulating film is coated with a paint whose main component is a resin in which at least one molecule has a linear alkyl group having 10 to 21 or more carbon atoms at the end. It is formed by baking. The linear alkyl group at the end of the molecule and the main chain may be bonded in any manner such as an amide bond, imide bond, ester bond, urethane bond, or urea bond. In addition, the number of carbon atoms in the straight chain alkyl group bonded to the molecular end M^( must be 21 or more in order to obtain good lubricity; if the number of carbon atoms is less than 21, the lubricity is not sufficient. That is, as long as the linear argyl group at the end of the molecule has 21 or more carbon atoms (CH2 B-, CHs), even a slightly branched argyl group is effective.

The main chain constituting the resin whose molecule terminal is a linear alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms may be any resin. For example, polyamideimide, polyimide, polyester,
Examples include polyesterimide, polyurethane, polyesteramideimide, polyamide, polyhydrogyl ether, and the like.

As a method for introducing a linear argyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms into the molecular end of these resins, for example, various raw materials used to obtain the main chain of the resin to be obtained and carbon atoms at the molecular end described later are used. A method of reacting with a compound used to introduce a linear alkyl group of number 21 or more to form a main chain and simultaneously introducing a t'h alkyl group at the end of the molecule; By reacting only the various raw materials used to obtain the resin, the resin is depolymerized with a compound used to introduce a linear argyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms at the end of the molecule. Examples include a method of introducing a linear alkyl group at the terminal.

In the present invention, examples of compounds used to introduce a linear alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms into the molecular terminal of the resin used to form the lubricating insulating film include fatty acids and their argyl esters. In addition to acid halides, there are higher alcohols, amines, fatty acid amides, etc.

Examples of fatty acids include docozanic acid, l-licozanic acid, tetracosanoic acid, pencucozanic acid, hegizacozanoic acid, heptacozanoic acid, octacozanic acid, nonacozanoic acid, and l-liaconic acid, and derivatives of these fatty acids include esters and acid anhydrides. , acid halides, etc.

Examples of higher alcohols include n-heneicosanol, n-docosanol, n-tetracosanol, n-hegizacosanol, n-octacosanol, n-triacontanol, and the like. Examples of amines: heneicosylamine, tocodylamine, I-! Examples of fatty acid amides include tocosylamide, hexacosylamide, octacosylamide, and the like. Of course, when using these compounds to introduce a long-chain argyl group at the end of the molecule, it is necessary to select a compound that has a functional group that can react with the various raw materials used to obtain the main chain.

Moreover, these compounds do not need to be used alone, and may be used as a mixture. For example, Hegist wax S sold by Hoechst Javan Co., Ltd., which has Monchun wax acid (chain 13 - length C28 to C32) as its base.
1 This is a derivative of monk's wax acid also sold by Hoechst Japan. Hoechstwax E (ester of monk's wax acid) or Hoechstwax OP (partially saponified ester of monk's wax acid)
etc. can also be used.

In the present invention, any solvent may be used to dissolve the resin in which the terminal of at least one molecule is a linear alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms and use it as a paint. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and
Solvents containing -N-dimethylaldeamide, m-cresol, P-cresol, and various types of gicilenol as main components are preferred.

Further, as a solvent for adjusting the viscosity of the polymer solution, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, aluene, methylethylketone, cyclohexanone, cellosolve acetate, etc. can be used.

In the present invention, a resin in which at least one molecule terminal is a linear argyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms is used. - A paint whose main component is a solution of Tree J17, in which at least one molecule has a straight chain argyl group with carbon VI21 or more at the end, or other materials as long as the properties of the resin solution are not impaired. It refers to a product made by adding one or more of thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, curing agents, fillers, pigments, dyes, etc.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Reference Examples and Examples below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following reference example, unless otherwise specified, the reaction is 31! The reaction was carried out in a reaction vessel equipped with a four-eye flask equipped with a cooling tube, a distillation tube, a thermometer, and a stirrer, with thorough stirring. A mantle heater was used to heat the reaction vessel.

The characteristics of the insulated wires obtained in the examples and comparative examples were measured in accordance with JIS C3008, except for the coefficient of static friction.

The coefficient of static friction is a measurement of the coefficient of static friction between two insulated wires, and the measurement method is to attach two insulated wires in parallel to a metal block and place them on a plane -1-.
Place the metal block on the two sides of the parallel insulated wires so that each wire makes a right angle, and apply the required minimum load to the metal block without moving the former metal block along the two insulated wires on the plane. It is obtained by dividing by the load of the block.

Reference example 1゜l・limellitic acid anhydride 384.3! and N-methyl-
2-pyrrolidone 1.053.8. F was stirred in a reaction vessel, and Nakaradiphenylmethane-4,.4.'-diisocyanene.-1.500.5j! was gradually added, heated and reacted at 80°C for 3 hours, and then further heated at 20°C/
Heating was continued at the rate of time. During this time, the viscosity of the molten WM gradually increased with the generation of carbon dioxide gas. Heating was stopped when the temperature reached 160°C, and the reaction was continued at that temperature for an additional 2 hours to obtain a polyamideimide polymer solution. Reduced specific viscosity of polymer (0.5f tree JIM/100m
1 (7) N, N'-dimethylamide, a
Measured at 30°C (the same applies hereafter) is 0.38 dl/l
Met. Dilute the polymer solution with Kijirol to reduce the resin content to 2
A 5% polyamide-imide resin paint was used. The viscosity of this paint (measured at 30°C with a B-type viscometer, the same applies hereinafter) is 17
It was Boyz.

Reference Example 2, l.limellitic anhydride 381. ．． L/, Hoechst Wax S (Hegist Japan '4J [Chain% 28-32
o monk wax acid) ], 4. ．． ], 1,
While stirring N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 1670.8/diphenylmethane-4...4. ′−
Diisosia $-1-500.5/ml was slowly added. After heating and reacting at 80°C for 3 hours, further heat at 20°C/
When the temperature reached 70°C, the heating was stopped, and the reaction was continued at that temperature for 1.5 hours. A base polyamideimide resin solution was obtained. The reduced specific viscosity of the obtained resin was 0.4.9 dl! /l.

This resin solution was diluted with Kijirol to obtain a paint with a resin content of 25%. The viscosity of this paint was 38 voids.

Reference Example 3 Trimellitic anhydride 382.4. , P docosanoic acid 6.8! , N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 1667.0/
was charged into the reaction chamber 17-, and while stirring, diphenylmethane-1,.
1. '-Diisocyanate 1.500.5f was added, 80
Heated to °C.

After reacting at 80°C for 3 hours, the temperature was raised at a rate of 20°C/hour, and when the temperature reached 75°C, heating was stopped, and the reaction was continued at that temperature for 1 hour and 4.5 minutes. A polyamide-imide resin solution in which at least one molecule has a linear alkyl group having 21 carbon atoms at the terminal was obtained.

The reduced specific viscosity of the obtained resin was (1.70 dl/l).

This resin solution was diluted with Kijirol to obtain a paint with a resin content of 25%. The viscosity of this paint was 60 voids.

Reference example 4.

Dimethyl terephucrate 388.71 P (2,0 mol) Ethylene glycol 93.1 j' (1,5
Mol) Glycerin 92. i, f (1
, 0 mol) lead acetate 0.8F
After reacting at 4,0°C for 2 hours, 20°C/hour 18
The temperature was further increased at a rate of -.

During this time, xylene and reaction by-products were distilled out of the system through a cooling pipe. The viscosity of the contents gradually increased. 24.0
Once the temperature reached °C, the system was reduced in pressure while maintaining that temperature to continue the reaction. The viscosity of the contents increased further.

Thirty minutes after the start of pressure reduction, the pressure inside the system was returned to normal pressure, heating was stopped, and cresol was added so that the resin content was 4.0%, and the resin was dissolved by heating. Thereafter, 2% by weight of each of tetrabutyl titanate and zinc octylate were added to the resin content to obtain a polyester paint. The viscosity of the resulting paint was 72 voids.

Reference example 5゜dimethyl terephthalate 388.4.1 (2゜0 mol)
Ethylene glycol 93.1 / (1.5 mol) Glycerin 92.1, P (1,,
0 mol) methyl behenate ], 3.2. P lead acetate 0.8P Gysilene 300.0F was charged into a flask, and a paint was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 4. The viscosity of the polyester resin paint obtained in this way, in which at least one molecule has a linear alkyl group having 21 carbon atoms at the end, was 69 voids.

Reference Example 6゜Dimethyl terephthalate 1-388. /I・p(2,o
mole) ethylene glycol +, sc+, o, r(
3゜0mol) Glycerin 184・,2y
(z, o mol) Lead acetate 0.8! Pour 300.0% of xylene into a flask, raise the temperature of the contents while stirring well until the temperature reaches 14.0°C, react at that temperature for 1.5 hours, and then heat to 20'C.
The temperature was further increased at a rate of 200° C./hour, and when it reached 200° C., the reaction was continued at that temperature for 1 hour. During this time, xylene and methanol, a reaction by-product, were distilled out of the system through the cooling pipe.

Thereafter, the temperature of the contents was cooled to 10°C, and 4(・4.′-diaminodiphenylmethane 3 f) 6 was added to the system.
．． 5, P (2.0 mol)■・limellitic acid anhydride
7(18,5,P (4·,0 mol)) was added. When the temperature of the contents was raised again, a yellow precipitate was formed in the contents at around 120°C, and the contents solidified.

Stirring was once stopped, the temperature was kept at 14.0°C for 30 minutes, and then the temperature was raised to 180°C over about 1 hour. During this time, water, a reaction product, was dissolved out of the system through a cooling pipe. As the contents became fluid, stirring was started again, and while the temperature was raised to 280° C. over a further 1 hour, the contents became transparent and the viscosity gradually increased. After continuing the reaction at 280°C for 2 hours, the pressure inside the system was reduced and the reaction was continued for another 1 hour.The system was then returned to normal pressure.Cresol was immediately added to make the resin concentration approximately 35%, the reaction was stopped, and the contents The substance was dissolved in cresol. To 100 parts by weight of the resin, 2 parts by weight each of tetrabutyl titanate and zinc octylate were added and mixed to obtain a polyesterimide paint.

The viscosity of this paint was 30 voids.

Reference Example 7゜Dimethyl terephthalate) 388.4. , P (2
,0 mol) 21-ethylene glycol 186.2. f' (3,0 mol) Glycerin I 8d,,2, f'
(2.0 mol) Hegist Wax E 8'7.6
F lead acetate 0.8f xylene 3oo, o, p were placed in a flask, and while stirring well, the temperature of the contents was raised until the temperature reached 14.0°C. After reacting at that temperature for 1.5 hours, the mixture was heated to 20°C.
When the temperature is further increased at a rate of /hour and reaches 200℃,
The reaction was allowed to proceed at that temperature for 1 hour. During this time, xylene and methanol, a reaction by-product, were distilled out of the system through the cooling pipe.

After that, the temperature of the contents was cooled to 110°C, and 4.
・4・'-Diaminodiphenylmethane 396.5. F
(2.0 mol) l.limellitic anhydride 768.5/(4.,0
mol) was added. When the temperature of the contents is raised again,
A yellow precipitate was formed in the contents at around 120°C, and the contents solidified.

Once stirring was stopped and the temperature was kept at 14.0°C for 30 minutes, the temperature was raised to 1.80°C over about 1 hour. During this time, 22
- Water, a reaction by-product, was dissolved out of the system through a cooling pipe. The contents will become fluid, so start stirring again.
Furthermore, while the temperature was raised to 230° C. over a period of time, the contents became transparent and the viscosity gradually increased. After continuing the reaction at 230°C for 2 hours, the pressure inside the system was reduced and the reaction was continued for another 1 hour.The inside of the system was then returned to normal pressure, and cresol was immediately added so that the resin concentration was about 35% to stop the reaction. ,
The contents were dissolved in cresol. Here, resin 10
2 parts by weight of each of tetrabutylticunate and zinc octylate were added and mixed with respect to the 0-layer coating to prepare a paint. The end of at least one molecule thus obtained has 27 carbon atoms.
The viscosity of the polyesterimide resin paint having a linear argyl group of ~31 was 464 Poise.

Comparative Examples 1 to 9 and Examples 1 to 6 Using the paints prepared in Reference Examples 1 to 7 and commercially available paints, coating and baking the paints were repeated in the combinations shown in Table 1, and insulation was obtained. Got the wire.

The characteristics of the obtained insulated wire are also listed in Table-1.

23-47- As is clear from Table 1, the insulated wire of the present invention does not exhibit extremely superior lubrication properties compared to the conventional insulated wire.

Furthermore, it is clear that the insulated wire of the present invention has superior mechanical properties when compared to insulated wires in which the entire coating is composed of a lubricating insulating film (Comparative Examples 2.4...8). .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the insulated wire of the present invention, and shows 1...conductor 2...insulating coating 3...lubricating insulating coating. 25- B1 49-

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Consists of a conductor, one or more insulating films provided on the conductor, and a lubricating insulating film provided on the insulating film, and the lubricating insulating film is An insulated wire characterized in that it is formed by coating and baking a paint whose main component is a resin in which the terminal end of at least one molecule is a linear alkyl group having 21 or more carbon atoms. (2) The lubricating film is formed by applying and baking only once a paint whose main component is a resin in which at least one molecule has a linear alkyl group with a carbon number of 21 or more at the end. An insulated wire according to claim (1). (3) The insulated wire according to claim IJ old 1), characterized in that the thickness of the outermost lubricating film accounts for 20% or less of the total film thickness of the insulated wire.