JPH114555A - Permanent magnet rotating machine - Google Patents
Permanent magnet rotating machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH114555A JPH114555A JP9153276A JP15327697A JPH114555A JP H114555 A JPH114555 A JP H114555A JP 9153276 A JP9153276 A JP 9153276A JP 15327697 A JP15327697 A JP 15327697A JP H114555 A JPH114555 A JP H114555A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- magnet
- unit
- rotor
- electric machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Landscapes
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は永久磁石回転電機に
関する。The present invention relates to a permanent magnet rotating electric machine.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】回転電機は従来より小型軽量かつ高効率
であることが望まれている。例えば電気自動車等の電動
車両用に用いる場合、経済走行の要請や、バッテリの単
位当たりの走行距離の向上が望まれ、そのためには小型
軽量で高効率であることが必要である。2. Description of the Related Art It is desired that a rotating electric machine be smaller, lighter and more efficient than before. For example, when it is used for an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle, demand for economical running and improvement of a running distance per unit of battery are desired, and for that purpose, it is necessary to be small, light and highly efficient.
【0003】小型軽量で高効率の回転電機としては、磁
束発生手段に永久磁石を用いた永久磁石回転電機が最適
であることが知られている。It is known that a permanent magnet rotating electric machine using a permanent magnet as a magnetic flux generating means is the most suitable as a small, lightweight and highly efficient rotating electric machine.
【0004】最近では、永久磁石として希土類磁石を用
いることにより、高い磁束密度を確保し、効率を向上す
ることが図られている。Recently, it has been attempted to use a rare earth magnet as a permanent magnet to secure a high magnetic flux density and improve efficiency.
【0005】しかしながら希土類磁石は導電性が高く,
抵抗が小さいために、渦電流が発生し易く、逆に効率を
下げる原因となってしまう。However, rare earth magnets have high conductivity,
Since the resistance is small, an eddy current is easily generated, which causes a reduction in efficiency.
【0006】その問題を解決するため、希土類磁石に代
表される磁束密度の高い導電性永久磁石と非導電性永久
磁石を回転子軸方向に交互に配置することによって、永
久磁石内部の渦電流を減少させるものが特開平5−22768
6 号公報に記載されている。To solve this problem, conductive permanent magnets having a high magnetic flux density represented by rare-earth magnets and non-conductive permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the rotor to reduce eddy currents inside the permanent magnets. What is reduced is JP-A-5-22768
No. 6 is described.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記公報
に記載の技術は、非導電性永久磁石を一部に用いるた
め、導電性永久磁石のみを使用する場合に比して、磁石
の利用率が悪くなり、効率を上げることができない。However, the technology disclosed in the above publication uses a non-conductive permanent magnet for a part thereof, so that the utilization rate of the magnet is lower than when only a conductive permanent magnet is used. And efficiency cannot be improved.
【0008】また、上記技術は永久磁石を異種材料で構
成するため、2種の材料のうち機械強度の弱い材料を基
準に回転電機を構成しなければならず、信頼性が低下す
るという問題がある。Further, in the above technology, since the permanent magnet is made of a different material, the rotating electric machine must be constructed based on a material having a low mechanical strength among the two materials, which causes a problem that reliability is reduced. is there.
【0009】上記に鑑み本発明は、磁石表面の渦電流を
低減しながら、高効率を達成できる永久磁石回転電機を
提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet rotating electric machine that can achieve high efficiency while reducing eddy currents on the magnet surface.
【0010】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的は、巻線が巻回
された固定子突極を有する固定子と、該固定子に回転空
隙をもって回転可能に保持され、永久磁石を周囲または
内部に設けた回転子とを備えた永久磁石回転電機におい
て、前記永久磁石の各磁極は、導電性の単位磁石が回転
子周方向に複数個並設されたものであることを特徴とす
る永久磁石回転電機によって達成される。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a stator having a stator having salient poles on which windings are wound, and a rotor which is rotatably held with a rotating gap, and which has a permanent magnet around or inside the stator. Wherein each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet comprises a plurality of conductive unit magnets arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the rotor. Achieved by electric motor.
【0011】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施形態を図を
用いて説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【0012】図1は永久磁石回転電機の断面図、図2は
図1の永久磁石回転電機の平面図、図3は回転子の斜視
図を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the permanent magnet rotating electric machine of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rotor.
【0013】なお本実施形態は固定子巻線突極数が12
極,回転子の永久磁石極数が8極のものであるが、他の
突極数,極数のものに対しても本発明を適用可能であ
る。In this embodiment, the number of stator winding salient poles is 12
Although the number of poles and the number of permanent magnet poles of the rotor are eight, the present invention is applicable to other salient poles and poles.
【0014】図において、永久磁石回転電機1は固定子
2と回転子3からなり、固定子2は固定子鉄心4と固定
子巻線5とで構成される。Referring to FIG. 1, a permanent magnet rotating electric machine 1 includes a stator 2 and a rotor 3, and the stator 2 includes a stator core 4 and a stator winding 5.
【0015】回転子3は、回転子3の回転方向に分割さ
れ、かつ磁石幅τm1の単位磁石群で構成された導電性永
久磁石6が円周方向に互いに異なる極性となるように配
置した構成としている。The rotor 3 is divided in the direction of rotation of the rotor 3 and is arranged such that the conductive permanent magnets 6 composed of a unit magnet group having a magnet width τ m1 have different polarities in the circumferential direction. It has a configuration.
【0016】すなわち、図3のように、N・Sの極性を
持った単位磁石群で構成された永久磁石とS・Nの極性
を持った単位磁石群で構成された導電性永久磁石が回転
子鉄心7に形成された永久磁石挿入孔12に挿入されて
構成され、シャフト8,ベアリング10,101を介し
てエンドブラケット11,111に回転自在に保持され
ている。That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a permanent magnet composed of a unit magnet group having a polarity of NS and a conductive permanent magnet composed of a unit magnet group having a polarity of SN are rotated. It is inserted into a permanent magnet insertion hole 12 formed in the iron core 7 and is rotatably held by end brackets 11 and 111 via a shaft 8 and bearings 10 and 101.
【0017】なお、ここでは固定子鉄心4の外周にフレ
ーム9がある構成で示したが、必要によってはフレーム
を省いても良い。Although the frame 9 is shown on the outer periphery of the stator core 4 here, the frame may be omitted if necessary.
【0018】ここで、単位磁石の磁石幅をτm1,固定子
巻線突極41,42の間隔をτm とした場合、τm1<τ
m としている。Here, when the magnet width of the unit magnet is τ m1 and the interval between the stator winding salient poles 41 and 42 is τ m , τ m1 <τ
m .
【0019】このような構成とすることにより、例え
ば、固定子巻線突極41,42に対向する導電性永久磁
石6は、複数個の単位磁石で形成されているため、各単
位磁石の表面積が小さくなり、電気抵抗を大きくでき
る。このため、高調波磁束による渦電流が流れにくくな
り、渦電流による損失も低減できる。With such a configuration, for example, the conductive permanent magnets 6 facing the stator winding salient poles 41 and 42 are formed by a plurality of unit magnets. And electrical resistance can be increased. For this reason, eddy currents due to the harmonic magnetic flux are less likely to flow, and losses due to the eddy currents can be reduced.
【0020】従って、希土類磁石に代表される磁束密度
の高い導電性永久磁石を用いても、高効率の回転電機を
実現でき、小型軽量,高効率の永久磁石回転電機を提供
することができる。Therefore, even if a conductive permanent magnet having a high magnetic flux density typified by a rare earth magnet is used, a high-efficiency rotating electric machine can be realized, and a small, lightweight, and high-efficiency permanent magnet rotating electric machine can be provided.
【0021】なお、この例ではN・SあるいはS・Nの
単位磁石が極性を持った後(着磁後)に、永久磁石挿入孔
12に挿入する構成としたが、単位磁石材を挿入後に着
磁しても良い。この場合、単位磁石材の挿入作業が向上
する効果が得られる。In this embodiment, after the unit magnet of NS or SN has polarity (after magnetization), the unit magnet is inserted into the permanent magnet insertion hole 12, but after the unit magnet material is inserted, It may be magnetized. In this case, the effect of improving the work of inserting the unit magnet material can be obtained.
【0022】図4は、本発明の他の実施形態を示す。FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
【0023】図2の実施形態との違いは、単位磁石が絶
縁物13を介して形成されている点にある。The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 2 lies in that the unit magnet is formed via an insulator 13.
【0024】前記絶縁物13は、単位磁石間に挿入する
構成としても良いが、接着剤や樹脂などで単位磁石と共
に一体に充填,固着する構成とすると、単位磁石の固着
と絶縁物13の構成が同時にできる効果が得られる。The insulator 13 may be inserted between the unit magnets. However, if the insulator 13 is integrally filled and fixed together with the unit magnet with an adhesive or a resin, the fixing of the unit magnet and the structure of the insulator 13 will be described. Can be obtained at the same time.
【0025】上記構成によれば、単位磁石が絶縁物13
で絶縁されるため、渦電流が単位磁石間で流れなくな
り、さらなる渦電流損失の低減が図れる。According to the above configuration, the unit magnet is made of the insulator 13
As a result, eddy current does not flow between the unit magnets, and eddy current loss can be further reduced.
【0026】なお、以上の説明では、絶縁物13を挿入
あるいは、接着剤などによる充填での構成で示したが、
単位磁石に予め、コーティングなどで必要箇所に絶縁物
13を形成しておいても良い。この場合、絶縁物13の
挿入あるいは、接着剤などによる充填等の作業工程を省
くことができるので、作業性が向上する効果が得られ
る。In the above description, the insulator 13 is inserted or filled with an adhesive or the like.
The insulator 13 may be formed on the unit magnet in a necessary place by coating or the like in advance. In this case, a work process such as insertion of the insulator 13 or filling with an adhesive or the like can be omitted, so that an effect of improving workability can be obtained.
【0027】図5及び図6は、本発明の他の実施形態を
示す。FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the present invention.
【0028】図2の実施形態との違いは、単位磁石群の
中央に位置する単位磁石の高さhを、その両側にある単
位磁石の高さh1,h2と異ならしめた点にある。The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 2 is that the height h of the unit magnet located at the center of the unit magnet group is different from the heights h1 and h2 of the unit magnets on both sides thereof.
【0029】すなわち図5は、中央部の単位磁石2個の
高さhに対して、両端部の単位磁石の高さh1を小さく
したものであり、図6は、中央部の単位磁石の高さhに
対して、端部へ行くに従って高さh1,h2を小さくし
たものである。That is, FIG. 5 shows that the height h1 of the unit magnets at both ends is smaller than the height h of the two unit magnets at the center, and FIG. 6 shows the height h of the unit magnets at the center. The height h1 and the height h2 are reduced toward the end with respect to the height h.
【0030】上記構成によれば、導電性永久磁石6の形
状を、単位磁石の高さhの選択によって略台形,略半円
形など容易に形成することができる効果が得られる。According to the above configuration, there is an effect that the shape of the conductive permanent magnet 6 can be easily formed such as a substantially trapezoidal shape or a substantially semicircular shape by selecting the height h of the unit magnet.
【0031】なお、希土類などの導電性の高い永久磁石
を用いない場合も同様に、単位磁石の高さhの選択によ
って略台形,略半円形など容易に形成することができる
ものである。In the case where a permanent magnet having a high conductivity such as a rare earth element is not used, a substantially trapezoidal or semi-circular shape can be easily formed by selecting the height h of the unit magnet.
【0032】なお、上記実施形態では、回転子鉄心7の
磁石挿入口13の形状と各単位磁石の形状をほぼ同形状
としているが、図7及び図8の様に、図3に示した永久
磁石挿入孔12と同じ形状(この例では、長方形)とし
て、永久磁石挿入孔12と単位磁石の間に絶縁物13あ
るいは空気層等の絶縁空間を設けても良い。In the above embodiment, the shape of the magnet insertion opening 13 of the rotor core 7 and the shape of each unit magnet are substantially the same, but as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the permanent magnet shown in FIG. An insulating space such as an insulator 13 or an air layer may be provided between the permanent magnet insertion hole 12 and the unit magnet in the same shape as the magnet insertion hole 12 (a rectangle in this example).
【0033】以上の構成によれば、導電性永久磁石両端
部の磁束量を抑制できるので、固定子巻線突極と磁石間
に生ずるコギングトルクを低減できる効果が得られる。According to the above configuration, since the amount of magnetic flux at both ends of the conductive permanent magnet can be suppressed, the effect of reducing the cogging torque generated between the stator winding salient pole and the magnet can be obtained.
【0034】図9は、本発明の永久磁石回転電機の他の
実施形態を示す。FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the permanent magnet rotating electric machine of the present invention.
【0035】図2との違いは、中央部にある単位磁石の
幅τm1と両端部にある単位磁石の幅τm2を異ならしめた
点にある。The difference from FIG. 2 is that the width τ m1 of the unit magnet at the center and the width τ m2 of the unit magnet at both ends are different.
【0036】すなわち、図9は、中央部の単位磁石4個
の幅τm1に対して、両端部の単位磁石のτm2を小さくし
たものである。That is, in FIG. 9, τ m2 of the unit magnets at both ends is smaller than τ m1 of the four unit magnets at the center.
【0037】上記構成によれば、単位磁石の幅τm1を磁
石の位置によって変えることで、導電性永久磁石6の形
状を、より台形,半円形に近づけることができる効果が
得られる。According to the above configuration, by changing the width τ m1 of the unit magnet depending on the position of the magnet, the effect of making the shape of the conductive permanent magnet 6 closer to a trapezoid or a semicircle can be obtained.
【0038】なお、以上は導電性永久磁石6の形状を長
方形の例で説明したが、図10及び図11の様な円弧形
状及び星形形状など、特に永久磁石形状にこだわるもの
ではない。In the above, the shape of the conductive permanent magnet 6 has been described as an example of a rectangle, but the shape of the permanent magnet is not particularly limited to an arc shape and a star shape as shown in FIGS.
【0039】また、導電性永久磁石が回転子鉄心の表面
に配置される構成のものに使用しても同様の効果が得ら
れる。The same effect can be obtained by using a structure in which the conductive permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of the rotor core.
【0040】また、以上は永久磁石回転子構造を有する
永久磁石回転電機について説明したが、回転電機だけで
なく、発電機でもよく、外転型,内転型回転子を用いた
回転電機にも適用可能である。Although the above description has been given of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine having a permanent magnet rotor structure, not only a rotating electric machine but also a generator may be used, and a rotating electric machine using an external rotation type or an internal rotation type rotor may be used. Applicable.
【0041】さらには、回転電機のみならず、リニアモ
ータ等への適用も可能である。Further, the present invention can be applied not only to rotating electric machines but also to linear motors and the like.
【0042】[0042]
【発明の効果】導電性永久磁石を複数個の導電性単位磁
石群で構成することにより、磁石表面の渦電流を低減し
ながら、高効率の永久磁石回転電機を得ることができ
る。According to the present invention, by forming a conductive permanent magnet from a plurality of conductive unit magnet groups, a highly efficient permanent magnet rotating electric machine can be obtained while reducing eddy currents on the magnet surface.
【図1】本発明の一実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機の
断面図を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】図1の永久磁石回転電機の平面図を示す。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the permanent magnet rotating electric machine of FIG. 1;
【図3】図1の永久磁石回転子の斜視図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the permanent magnet rotor of FIG. 1;
【図4】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図6】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図7】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 7 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図8】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 8 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図9】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電機
の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 9 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図10】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電
機の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図11】本発明の他の実施形態をなす永久磁石回転電
機の一部平面図を示す。FIG. 11 is a partial plan view of a permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
1…回転電機、2…固定子、3…回転子、4…固定子鉄
心、5…固定子巻線、6…導電性永久磁石、7…回転子
鉄心、8…シャフト、9…外周フレーム、10,101
…ベアリング、11,111…エンドブラケット、12
…永久磁石挿入孔、13…絶縁物、41,42…固定子
巻線突極。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... rotating electric machine, 2 ... stator, 3 ... rotor, 4 ... stator core, 5 ... stator winding, 6 ... conductive permanent magnet, 7 ... rotor core, 8 ... shaft, 9 ... outer peripheral frame, 10,101
... bearings, 11, 111 ... end brackets, 12
... permanent magnet insertion holes, 13 ... insulators, 41, 42 ... stator winding salient poles.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 渋川 末太郎 茨城県ひたちなか市大字高場2520番地 株 式会社日立製作所自動車機器事業部内 (72)発明者 小泉 修 茨城県ひたちなか市大字高場2520番地 株 式会社日立製作所自動車機器事業部内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Suetaro Shibukawa 2520 Oji Takaba, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki Co., Ltd.Automotive Equipment Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Osamu Koizumi 2520 Odaiba-Koba, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki Co., Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd. Automotive Equipment Division
Claims (5)
子と、該固定子に回転空隙をもって回転可能に保持さ
れ、永久磁石を周囲または内部に設けた回転子とを備え
た永久磁石回転電機において、前記永久磁石の各磁極
は、導電性の単位磁石が回転子周方向に複数個並設され
たものであることを特徴とする永久磁石回転電機。1. A stator comprising a stator having salient poles on which windings are wound, and a rotor rotatably held by the stator with a rotating gap and having a permanent magnet provided around or inside thereof. In the permanent magnet rotating electric machine, each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is formed by arranging a plurality of conductive unit magnets in a circumferential direction of the rotor.
方向に環状に並設されたものであることを特徴とする永
久磁石回転電機。2. The permanent magnet rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are annularly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor at intervals.
単位磁石とは異なった大きさの単位磁石を少なくとも一
つ含むことを特徴とする永久磁石回転電機。3. The permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet includes at least one unit magnet different in size from other unit magnets included in the same magnetic pole. Rotating electric machine.
単位磁石群に含まれる他の前記単位磁石の径方向高さよ
りも大きいことを特徴とする永久磁石回転電機。4. The unit magnet according to claim 3, wherein the radial height of the unit magnet at the center in the circumferential direction is larger than the radial height of other unit magnets included in the same unit magnet group. Permanent magnet rotating electric machine.
きさよりも大きい永久磁石挿入孔と、前記永久磁石と前
記永久磁石挿入孔の空隙を充填する絶縁材とを有するこ
とを特徴とする永久磁石回転電機。5. The permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the rotor fills a permanent magnet insertion hole having a size larger than a cross section of the unit magnet group in a rotor circumferential direction, and a gap between the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet insertion hole. A permanent magnet rotating electric machine characterized by having an insulating material.
Priority Applications (1)
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---|---|---|---|
JP15327697A JP3690067B2 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15327697A JP3690067B2 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH114555A true JPH114555A (en) | 1999-01-06 |
JP3690067B2 JP3690067B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=15558935
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JP15327697A Expired - Lifetime JP3690067B2 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine |
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