JPH11272202A - Method and device for three-dimensional display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reproduce moving images to provide a more natural stereoscopic view by use of a three-dimensional display method and device by avoiding the phantom phenomenon of front and rear display images as viewed from an observer. SOLUTION: A three-dimensional display method for displaying three-dimensional images, when observing images displayed on two-dimensional display devices, by varying the positions of focal points and therefore imaging positions by use of focal point changing means, then displaying on the two-dimensional display devices two-dimensional images which correspond to the imaging positions, among two-dimensional images obtained by the sampling of the depths of the three-dimensional images, and repeating the two-dimensional images at high speeds within the afterimage time of the human eye, has a first step in which the two-dimensional images are displayed separately on the two-dimensional display devices 101, 102 according to their respective imaging positions and a second step in which, when the two-dimensional images are not those on the frontmost surfaces as viewed from the observer, the portions of the two-dimensional images hidden by object images in the two-dimensional images located in front of the former two-dimensional images as viewed from the observer are hidden by masks to prevent the portions of the two-dimensional images from being displayed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a method of obscuring an image portion to be hidden from an observer in a depth sampling type stereoscopic display device having a variable focus type stereoscopic display device. The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display technique capable of solving inconsistencies between an actual image in stereoscopic vision and an image by a depth sampling type stereoscopic display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a stereoscopic display device for reproducing a three-dimensional image by developing a two-dimensional image of a two-dimensional image display device in a depth direction, a variable focus type three-dimensional display device (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-258).
No. 271) or a depth sampling type stereoscopic display device ("Three-dimensional video" edited by Shuichi Inada, Shokodo Co., Ltd., 199
1.7.5, p13-24) are well known.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the display principle of a variable focus lens type device as an example of the variable focus type stereoscopic display device. Here, the varifocal lens is a lens whose focal length changes due to the action of interposing a Fresnel lens and a liquid crystal layer between transparent electrodes and applying an electric field to change the refractive index of the liquid crystal.

[0004] First, as shown in FIG.
206 is depth-sampled on a parallel surface at a position equivalent to the distance from the observer, and decomposed into a set 1207 of depth-sampled images that are two-dimensional images.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, this depth sampled image 1207 is displayed on the two-dimensional display device 1001 in a time-division manner, and the focal length of the varifocal lens 1002 is synchronized with the position to be displayed. Change. Accordingly, from the lens principle, the image position of the depth sampled image 1207 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 1001 changes in the depth direction according to the focal length of the variable focus lens 1002.

Therefore, if this is performed at high speed within the afterimage time of the human eye, a three-dimensional image (stereoscopic image) can be obtained due to the afterimage effect.
Observed as 1003. FIG. 10A shows a case where the three-dimensional image is a virtual image (the two-dimensional display device 1001 is arranged within the focal length of the variable focus lens 1002).
This shows a case where the two-dimensional image is a real image (the two-dimensional display device 1001 is arranged outside the focal length of the varifocal lens 1002).

FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the display principle of a vibrating screen type device as an example of the depth sampling type stereoscopic display device.

[0008] Depth sampling is a method in which an object is divided in a plane parallel to the depth direction and divided and arranged in space. As shown in FIG. 12, a three-dimensional object 1206 is depth-sampled, and a set 1 of depth-sampled images that are two-dimensional images is obtained.
Decompose into 207. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the depth sampled image 1207 is displayed on the two-dimensional display device 1101 in a time division manner in synchronization with the position of the image, and the two-dimensional display device 1101 is synchronized with this display. Driving device 1102
To quickly move to a position corresponding to the sampling position in the depth direction. If this is performed at high speed within the afterimage time of the human eye, it can be observed as a three-dimensional image (stereoscopic image) 1103 due to the afterimage effect.

In the above-mentioned conventional three-dimensional display device, since the display image is actually changed and displayed in the depth direction, physiological factors (binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment, dynamic parallax, etc.) of human stereoscopic vision are displayed. ) Has an almost satisfactory advantage.

[0010]

However, since the depth direction is displayed in a time-division manner and integrated into a three-dimensional image by the afterimage phenomenon, the observer (for example, 100 in FIG.
4, hidden from the position of 1104) in FIG.
The back side or inside of the object (for example, 1005 in FIG. 10, FIG. 11)
1105), or it is difficult to avoid a phantom phenomenon in which an object behind can be seen through. This is a major obstacle in reproducing a natural image, and has been a major cause of the fact that these stereoscopic display devices can be used substantially only for reproducing a wire frame image.

On the other hand, holography is well known as a stereoscopic display system which almost satisfies the physiological factors of stereoscopic vision and can avoid the phantom phenomenon. However, holography has problems in that coherent light is required for imaging, and the amount of necessary information is enormous, so that electrical rewriting is difficult and is not suitable for dynamic display.

As described above, in the conventional stereoscopic display device, it has been difficult to substantially satisfy physiological factors of stereoscopic vision and to reproduce a natural three-dimensional image as a moving image while avoiding the phantom phenomenon.

An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for preventing a phantom phenomenon of a display image before and after viewed from an observer, enabling reproduction of a moving image, and enabling more natural stereoscopic viewing in a stereoscopic display method and apparatus. Is to do.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0015]

The following is a brief description of an outline of a typical invention disclosed in the present application.

(1) when observing the display image of the two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, changing the focal position by the variable focus means to change the image forming position;
Displaying the two-dimensional image corresponding to the image forming position on the two-dimensional display device among the two-dimensional images obtained by depth-sampling the three-dimensional stereoscopic image within the afterimage time of the human eye at high speed. In a three-dimensional display method for displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, a two-dimensional image is divided into two separate images in accordance with the image forming position.
A first step of displaying on the two-dimensional display device, and if the two-dimensional image is not the foreground two-dimensional image as viewed from the observer,
A second step of covering a portion of the object image in the two-dimensional image, which is located in front of the two-dimensional image from the observer, where the two-dimensional image is hidden with a mask, and not displaying the portion of the two-dimensional image. Have.

(2) The second step uses the same number of masks as the number of two-dimensional images located in front of the two-dimensional image displayed by the two-dimensional display device as viewed from the observer, and the pattern of each mask is used. Is a pattern of a portion where the object image in each of the two-dimensional images located in front of the two-dimensional image hides the two-dimensional image, and the respective masks are superimposed, so that the front of the two-dimensional image is viewed from the observer. Is a step of not displaying a portion of the object image in the two-dimensional image in which the two-dimensional image is hidden.

(3) According to the movement of the position of the observer, one or more of a parallel movement, enlargement or reduction is performed on the mask.

(4) When displaying a translucent stereoscopic image,
The transmittance of the mask is changed, and the hidden portion of the two-dimensional image is displayed at a desired transmittance in the two-dimensional image in front.

(5) Focus changing means for changing the image forming position of the display image, a plurality of two-dimensional display devices for displaying a two-dimensional image obtained by depth sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, and the plurality of two-dimensional display devices One or more mask devices respectively disposed on the front surfaces of a plurality of two-dimensional display devices except for a two-dimensional display device for displaying a two-dimensional image on the forefront, and synchronized with a change in the focal position of the focus variable means. A shutter device for selecting a corresponding display image from among the display images of the plurality of two-dimensional display devices, and a display device for displaying each display image of the two-dimensional display device at a position that can be observed through the focus variable device. 3D display device.

(6) The display means comprises a projection screen and a projection optical system provided in each of the two-dimensional display devices for projecting a display image of the two-dimensional display device on the projection screen. .

(7) A plurality of reflection means, wherein the display means reflects an image projected from the two-dimensional display device, which is arranged on the same optical axis as the projection screen, on the front surface, and transmits the image on the rear surface as it is. A projection optical system provided in each of the two-dimensional display devices for reflecting a display image of the two-dimensional display device on the reflection device and projecting the reflected image on the projection screen.

(8) The display means comprises a plurality of reflectors which reflect an image projected from the two-dimensional display device arranged on the same optical axis to a front surface and transmit an image on the rear surface as it is.

(9) When the two-dimensional display device is of a transmission type, each of the mask devices is arranged on each back surface of the two-dimensional display device.

(10) Focus changing means for changing the image forming position of the display image, and light from a light source from the front or side is reflected on the same optical axis as the focus changing means toward the observer, and ,
A plurality of reflection devices each having a means for transmitting light from the rear are arranged on a rear surface of a transmission type two-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image obtained by depth-sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. A three-dimensional display device in which a mask device is disposed on each of the back surfaces of the pair of the reflection device and the two-dimensional display device, excluding the pair of the reflection device and the two-dimensional display device that displays the two-dimensional image of the rearmost surface.

(11) The reflecting device comprises a holographic optical element.

(12) Focus changing means for changing the image forming position of a display image, and light of a light source from the front or side is reflected on the same optical axis as the focus changing means in the direction of the observer, and ,
A mask device having means for transmitting or blocking light from an arbitrary pixel through the rear surface is arranged on the rear surface of a transmission type two-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image obtained by depth-sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image into a set. This is a three-dimensional display device in which a plurality of sets are arranged.

(13) The mask device comprises a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal element.

(14) The mask device uses a twisted nematic type liquid crystal, a guest-host type liquid crystal, or a holographic polymer dispersed type liquid crystal, and arranges pixels vertically and horizontally to control the state of an arbitrary pixel. Consists of a device capable of:

(15) The mask device is means for mechanically translating the mask, means for translating the display while maintaining the relative positions of the pixels in the mask display, or optical elements utilizing refraction or diffraction of light. And means for translating the light beam of the mask image in parallel.

(16) means for detecting the movement of the observer;
A function of moving and deforming the mask in accordance with the detected movement amount.

(17) The variable focus means is a variable focus lens.

[0033]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments (examples) of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating a form in which the screen is projected from the front, and FIG. 1B is a view illustrating a form in which the screen is projected from the back.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic display device according to the first embodiment is, for example, a conventional variable display device including two-dimensional display devices 101 and 102, a projection screen 103, a variable focus lens 104, and shutter devices 105 and 106. It comprises a focus lens type stereoscopic display device and a mask device 107 having means for moving the mask. Two-dimensional display device 101,
As the 102, a CRT, a projector, a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an EL display, or the like can be used.

In the case where the two-dimensional display devices 101 and 102 are of a transmission type like a liquid crystal display, FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the mask device 1302 is
It may be arranged on either the front surface or the rear surface of the three-dimensional display device 1301.

The shutter devices 105 and 106 are devices for displaying depth images on a screen sequentially in a time-division manner in synchronization with a change in the focal position of the varifocal lens, that is, a change in the image-forming position. A mechanical shutter, a shutter using liquid crystal, a ferroelectric shutter using electro-optic effect of a ferroelectric substance, or domain switching can be used.

As another time-sharing method, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, only when the two-dimensional display device 1401 is a transmission type or a reflection type, a method of blinking the light source 1404 itself in synchronization with the position of the image, or as shown in FIG. A shutter device for transmitting / blocking the light can be disposed in front of the light source to perform time division.

Here, when displaying the front and rear depth images from one two-dimensional display device, it is necessary to draw / delete the images at high speed (for example, in the case of three front and rear depth images, 1
In the case of 30 frames per second per sheet, a two-dimensional display device needs to display 90 frames per second), and the mask device also needs to repeat drawing / erasing at high speed.
Here, this problem can be solved by using a plurality of two-dimensional display devices and a plurality of mask devices.

The variable focus lens 104 periodically changes the focus position, that is, the image formation position, and uses a two-frequency liquid crystal driven by switching between high frequency and low frequency. Above and fast.

A desired sampled two-dimensional image is displayed on each of the two-dimensional display devices 101 and 102, and the shutter devices 105 and 106 are initially closed. When the focal position of the varifocal lens 104 is periodically changed, the shutter device 105 is opened in synchronization with the timing at which the image forming position reaches the position 108, and an image is projected on the projection screen 103 from the two-dimensional display device 101. To display the image 108,
The shutter device 105 is immediately closed. Next, the shutter device 106 is opened in synchronization with the timing at which the image forming position reaches the position 109, and the image is projected from the two-dimensional display device 102 onto the projection screen 103 through the mask device 107 to display the image 109. , Immediately the shutter device 106
Close.

The above procedure is repeated in synchronization with the periodic change of the focal position of the variable focus lens 104. At this time, since the speed of one cycle of the varifocal lens 104 is 60 Hz or more, it is within the afterimage time of the human eye, and the observer observes the images 108 and 109 at different imaging positions almost simultaneously, and Is recognized as a solid. It should be noted that the mask device 107 displays a mask image for concealing a portion that is originally hidden by the image 108 and cannot be seen, and plays a role of blocking light in a portion where the images overlap. The image 1 from the observer
A part of the image 109 that should not be seen behind 08 is seen through.

Therefore, by disposing a mask device 107 for covering a portion which is hidden behind the image 108 and is not visible at the front or rear surface of the display device or at a position optically equivalent thereto, the image displayed from the two-dimensional display device 101 is obtained. The portion which must be hidden by the mask 108 is blocked by the mask device 107 and is not projected, so that the later image 109 is not seen through.

Here, it is expected that a trapezoidal distortion may be generated in the projected image. However, the distance between the two-dimensional display device 101 and the projection screen 103 may be set large so that this does not cause a problem, and the projection angle may be set small. . Alternatively, a display image of the two-dimensional display device 101 which is deformed in consideration of the trapezoidal distortion may be displayed, or the display image may be deformed by a lens system.

FIG. 5 shows a conceptual diagram of the mask device 107.
A liquid crystal panel (guest-host liquid crystal, twisted nematic liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal, holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, etc.) having mask display pixels 502 arranged vertically and horizontally is used as a mask of the mask device 501. And
Any of the pixels can be switched between transmission / blocking, transmission / reflection, and transmission / absorption. In order to display a translucent substance in a three-dimensional three-dimensional form, a liquid crystal panel (a substance capable of gradation expression) capable of changing the transmittance is used for the mask display 503 of the mask device to display the substance. Through the transmittance according to the
It is a mask device that can express even translucent materials.

FIG. 7 shows the concept of the mask display portion of the mask device 501.

(A) For example, since the display image 701 is displayed on the foreground, there is no image on the front, so that the image is projected as it is as a projection image 710 without a mask.

(B) The next display image 702 is passed through the mask image 707 in order to hide the portion hidden by the display image 701 on the front, so that the projection image 711 of only the portion not hidden by the mask is projected. .

(C) Similarly, the next display image 703 passes through the mask image 708 that hides the display image immediately in front and passes through the mask image 707 that covers and hides the display image in front, thereby forming a projection image. 712 is projected.

(D) Similarly, the next display image 704 passes through the mask image 709 that hides the display image immediately in front and mask image 70 that covers and hides another display image in front.
8 and passes through a mask image 707 that covers the foreground display image, whereby a projection image 713 is projected. A conventional three-dimensional display device displaying a four-dimensional stereoscopic display image with a depth is seen through the back as in a display image 705, but an image displayed by the present method is viewed as a projected image 714 with a rear view. It is possible to display without being transparent.

Further, when the observer moves, the mask is moved by the mask moving means following the movement to observe a part of the rear image which must be hidden from the front image by the observer. Hide according to the position of the person.

FIG. 8 shows the concept of the movement of the mask. Images 801 to 809 show images that are moved in various directions from the image 805 from the front. For example, in the case of the left-right direction, when the observer moves from the front to the right toward the stereoscopic display device, it is necessary to move the mask from the front 805 to the left as shown at the right 806 so that the observer can see from the observer's position. Some parts are visible and those that must be hidden are hidden by the mask.

In the case of the vertical direction, the upper side 802 from the front side 805
F, or move down 808. By simultaneously moving in the vertical and horizontal directions, it is possible to move to the upper right 803, the lower right 809, and the like.

The amount of movement is proportional to the amount of movement of the observer in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the size of the mask to be displayed is enlarged in the front-back direction in proportion to the amount of movement of the observer in the front and rear positions. ,to shrink.

The structure of the present invention has the advantage that only a mask device having a mask moving means is added to the structure of the conventional three-dimensional display device, and that complicated processing of the image is not required. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a moving image such as a moving image that requires high-speed display.

FIG. 6 shows a conceptual diagram of the mask moving means of the mask device. To realize the movement function, FIG.
FIG. 6B shows a method of shifting the display of pixels vertically and horizontally in a circuit using a shift register or the like as shown in FIG. 6A or inputting an input signal which is shifted in advance by software or the like. Such a method of mechanically translating the mask device itself vertically and horizontally, light incident on the mask device by changing the angle of an optical element such as a prism or a parallel plate with respect to the mask device as shown in FIG. May be bent by using refraction or diffraction of light such that the position is moved in parallel, or may be moved in parallel.

As means for detecting the position of the moving observer, means for detecting the moving position by sensors is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9A, a plurality of infrared sensors are arranged so as to be able to detect an observer at a certain angle, and the range of the sensor from the front or the rear of the observer is detected. FIG. 9B shows an infrared sensor system for detecting the position of the observer by measuring the distance from the sensor to the observer, and measuring the distance from the sensor to the observer. As shown in FIG. 9 (c), a sound wave sensor method, a laser distance measurement method for detecting the position of an observer by measuring a distance using reflection of a laser beam, and an optical sensor on a floor surface, or front, rear, left and right. An optical sensor system for arranging and detecting a place where light is blocked by the observer, or calculating the position of the observer by image processing from an image from a fixed camera as shown in FIG. Camera system for detecting the position of the observer of markers with the marker from the image, it is possible to use either.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a case where the screen is projected from the front, and FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a case where the screen is projected from the back.

In the first embodiment, two three-dimensional displays are performed in the depth direction from images from two two-dimensional display devices. However, the three-dimensional display device according to the second embodiment has a plurality of two-dimensional display devices. A plurality of three-dimensional images are displayed in the depth direction from an image from the display device.

As shown in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional display device according to the second embodiment is designed to cover an image formed before each image.
In front of each display device or at an optically equivalent position, a mask device for displaying a mask for hiding a portion overlapping an image displayed in front of the image as viewed from the observer is located in front of the display image. By arranging the number of images,
The problem of seeing through even when there are a plurality of depths can be solved.

For example, the image projected from the two-dimensional display device 201 onto the projection screen 205 is
06 forms an image 217. The next image from the two-dimensional display device 202 is an image 217 from the two-dimensional display device 201.
Is transmitted through a mask device 211 for covering the image and forms an image 218. Image 21 from the next two-dimensional display device 203
7 denotes images 218 and 2 from the two-dimensional display devices 201 and 202.
The light is transmitted through mask devices 212 and 213 for covering and covering the image 19 to form an image 220. In this way, a required number of mask devices for hiding an image displayed on the front surface as viewed from the observer are transmitted through a front surface of the two-dimensional display device desired to be displayed.

Only when the two-dimensional display devices 201 and 202 are of a transmissive type or a reflective type (such as a liquid crystal display requiring a backlight or utilizing reflection),
A shutter device is placed in front of the backlight (including EL, LED, fluorescent tube, discharge tube, bulb) to transmit / block light from the light source of the backlight, or a backlight instead of the shutter device The time division can be performed by directly blinking the light source.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a configuration of a stereoscopic display apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
(A), (b) is a conceptual diagram for each explaining a different imaging method.

In the first and second embodiments, a large number of masks of the mask device are required in front of each two-dimensional display device depending on the number in the depth direction, and a mask having the same operation exists for each display device. ing.

The three-dimensional display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of FIG.
As shown in (1), the center of the luminous flux of all projected or transmitted images is the same, and the image from each two-dimensional display device is configured to pass only the necessary mask.

For example, an image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 301 passes through the shutter device 307 and the projection optical system 321, and is projected by the reflection device 314 onto the projection screen 305.
Is projected to The projected image is transferred to the variable focus lens 30.
6 forms an image on an image 317. Two-dimensional display device 30
The image displayed in 2 passes through the shutter device 308 and the projection optical system 322, passes through the mask device 311 for obstructing the image formed in front of the image when viewed from the observer by the reflection device 315. Are projected on the projection screen 305. The projected image is converted to a varifocal lens 306.
To form an image 318.

The image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 303 is
In the process of forming an image 319, a mask device 31 for covering an image formed in front of the image as viewed from the observer
Pass through 1 and 312. The mask of the mask device masks the shaded portions of the images 317 and 318 displayed from the two-dimensional display device. In this way, the image behind the observer as viewed from the observer passes through a common mask device that hides the image in front of the image, so that in this method, only (number of images in the depth direction-1) masks are prepared. There is an advantage that can be configured by doing.

Here, in order to match the optical axes of the images from the two-dimensional display devices, a half mirror, HOE (holographic optical element: reflects only light from one direction, and reflects light from other directions) 314, 315, and 316 that transmit light from the rear surface and reflect light from the front surface.

The reflection device is provided with an HPDLC holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (reflection / transmission or cut-off /
By using a liquid crystal that can drive the transmission operation,
The functions of the reflection device and the shutter device can be shared by one reflection device, and the three functions of the reflection device, the shutter device and the mask device can be shared by one reflection device by arranging the pixels in the HPDLC. it can.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
A structure in which a plurality of display devices are stacked using a transmissive device (such as a liquid crystal display) as a two-dimensional display device is described.

The stereoscopic display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of FIG.
As shown in (a), a reflection device having a HOE is arranged to reflect light of a light source from the front or side to the direction of an observer to have the same function as a backlight of a display device, and to have a back surface. Is transmitted. By arranging the mask device immediately behind the reflection device, it is possible to hide a part of the image of the rear two-dimensional display device, which must be hidden by the image of the front two-dimensional display device.

For example, an image 415 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 403 is masked by an image 416 by the mask device 410, that is, a portion that is shaded by the two-dimensional display device 402.
An image 417, that is, a portion that becomes a shadow of the two-dimensional display device 401 is masked by the mask device 409, and is formed as an image 415.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, by arranging pixels vertically and horizontally, any pixel is transmitted / blocked or transmitted / reflected, and light from a light source from any direction other than from the rear is transmitted. HPDLC reflects light in the direction of the observer so that light from the unmasked back surface is transmitted, and the masked portion does not allow light to pass in the direction of the observer.
It is a configuration in which a mask device including is arranged.

By arranging the mask device immediately after the two-dimensional display device, it is possible to hide a part of the image of the rear two-dimensional display device which must be hidden by the image of the two-dimensional display device in front. Configuration. For example, 2
An image 415 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 403 is displayed on the two-dimensional display device 403 by the mask device 419.
02 is masked, and the mask device 418 masks the image 417, that is, the shadow portion of the two-dimensional display device 401, and forms an image 415. In the case of this configuration, when the image position of the two-dimensional display device matches the focal length of the lens, the two-dimensional display device 401,
By displaying a two-dimensional image in the order of 402, 403, and 404, images 414, 415, 416, and 417 are projected.

As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. .

[0077]

The effects obtained by typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows.

A stereoscopic display device including a variable focus type stereoscopic display device or a depth sampling type stereoscopic display device,
Switching to blocking, transmission / scattering, transmission / reflection, and a mask device having a mask that can move,
The movement device that moves the mask device along with the movement of the observer does not specify the position of the observer, concealing the part that should be originally hidden from the observer,
There is an advantage that a natural three-dimensional image can be reproduced as a moving image.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for describing a configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram for describing a configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram for describing a configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a mask device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a moving device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining display of a mask of the mask device.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining movement of a mask device mask.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining a viewpoint movement detection method.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a configuration of a stereoscopic display device using a conventional variable focus lens.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a configuration of a conventional depth sampling type stereoscopic display device.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the principle of depth sampling.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of a stereoscopic display device using a variable focus lens.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram for describing a configuration of a stereoscopic display device using a variable focus lens.

[Explanation of symbols]

101, 102: two-dimensional display device, 103: projection screen, 104: variable focus lens, 105, 106: shutter device, 107: mask device, 201 to 204
Two-dimensional display device, 205 ... Projection screen, 206 ...
Variable focus lens, 211 to 216 ... Mask device, 221
224: Projection optical system, 301 to 304: Two-dimensional display device, 305: Projection screen, 306: Variable focus lens, 307 to 310: Shutter device, 311 to 313
... Mask device, 314-316 ... Reflection device, 321-3
24: projection optical system, 401 to 404: two-dimensional display device,
405 to 408: Reflecting device, 409 to 411: Mask device, 412: Variable focus lens, 413: Light source, 501:
Mask device, 601-603 ... Mask device, 610, 6
11: parallel plate / prism, 901: three-dimensional display device, 9
02: infrared sensor, 903: ultrasonic distance sensor / laser distance sensor, 904: optical sensor, 905: camera.

Claims (17)

[Claims] When observing a display image of a two-dimensional display device through a variable focus unit, a step of changing a focal position by the variable focus unit to change an imaging position, and depth sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. Displaying the two-dimensional image corresponding to the image forming position on the two-dimensional display device among the two-dimensional images thus obtained at a high speed within the afterimage time of the human eye. In the display method, a first step of displaying the two-dimensional image on different two-dimensional display devices according to the image forming position, and a case where the two-dimensional image is not the foreground two-dimensional image as viewed from an observer The portion of the object image in the two-dimensional image located before the two-dimensional image viewed from the observer, where the two-dimensional image is hidden, is covered with a mask.
And a second step of not displaying the portion of the two-dimensional image. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second step uses the same number of masks as the number of two-dimensional images that are in front of the two-dimensional image displayed by the two-dimensional display device as viewed from an observer. The object image in each of the two-dimensional images located in front of the two-dimensional image is a pattern of a portion that hides the two-dimensional image, and the masks are superimposed on each other, so that the two-dimensional image is located in front of the two-dimensional image as viewed from the observer. 2. The stereoscopic display method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of not displaying a portion of the object image in the two-dimensional image where the two-dimensional image is hidden. 3. The three-dimensional display method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of a parallel movement, an enlargement, and a reduction are performed on the mask in accordance with the movement of the position of the observer. . 4. When displaying a translucent three-dimensional image, the transmittance of the mask is changed so that a hidden portion of the two-dimensional image is displayed at a desired transmittance in the two-dimensional image in front of the mask. The stereoscopic display method according to claim 1, wherein: 5. A focus changing means for changing an image forming position of a display image, a plurality of two-dimensional display devices for displaying a two-dimensional image obtained by depth sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image, and a plurality of two-dimensional display devices. Except for a two-dimensional display device for displaying the foreground two-dimensional image, one or a plurality of mask devices are respectively disposed on the front surfaces of a plurality of two-dimensional display devices, and in synchronization with a change in the focal position of the focus variable means. A shutter device for selecting a corresponding display image from among the display images of the plurality of two-dimensional display devices, and a display device for displaying each display image of the two-dimensional display device at a position that can be observed through the focus variable device. A stereoscopic display device. 6. The display means comprises: a projection screen;
The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5, comprising a projection optical system provided in each of the two-dimensional display devices for projecting a display image of the two-dimensional display device on the projection screen. 7. The display means comprises: a projection screen;
A plurality of reflection devices arranged on the same optical axis, which reflect an image projected from the two-dimensional display device to the front surface and transmit the rear image as it is, and a display image of the two-dimensional display device to the reflection device. 6. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5, further comprising a projection optical system provided in each of said two-dimensional display devices for reflecting and projecting on said projection screen. 8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein said display means comprises a plurality of reflecting devices which reflect an image projected from said two-dimensional display device arranged on the same optical axis to a front surface, and transmit an image on a rear surface as it is. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5. 9. When the two-dimensional display device is of a transmission type,
The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein each of the mask devices is arranged on each back surface of the two-dimensional display device. 10. A focus changing means for changing an image forming position of a display image, and light of a light source from the front or side is reflected on the same optical axis as the focus changing means in a direction of an observer, and A reflection device having a means for transmitting light from the back is used as a transmission device for displaying a two-dimensional image obtained by depth-sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
The reflection device and the two-dimensional display device, except for a pair of the reflection device and the two-dimensional display device, which are arranged on the back surface of the two-dimensional display device and arranged as a set and display a two-dimensional image of the rearmost surface. A three-dimensional display device, wherein a mask device is arranged on each back surface of the set. 11. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflection device comprises a holographic optical element. 12. A focus changing means for changing an image forming position of a display image, and light of a light source from the front or side is reflected on the same optical axis as the focus changing means in a direction of an observer, and A mask device having a means for transmitting or blocking light from an arbitrary pixel through the back is arranged on the back of a transmissive two-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image obtained by depth-sampling a three-dimensional stereoscopic image into a set. A three-dimensional display device, wherein a plurality of sets are arranged. 13. The mask device according to claim 12, wherein the mask device comprises a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal element.
3. The stereoscopic display device according to 1. 14. The mask device uses a twisted nematic type liquid crystal, a guest-host type liquid crystal, or a holographic polymer dispersed type liquid crystal, and arranges pixels vertically and horizontally to control the state of an arbitrary pixel. 12. Apparatus according to claim 5, comprising a possible device.
Item 3. The stereoscopic display device according to item 1. 15. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the mask device is configured to mechanically translate the mask, or to translate the display while maintaining the relative positions of the pixels of the mask display, or to an optical element utilizing refraction or diffraction of light. 15. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5, further comprising: means for translating a light beam of the mask image in parallel. 16. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5, further comprising: means for detecting a movement of the observer; and a function of moving and deforming the mask according to the detected movement amount. 17. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 5, wherein the focus changing unit is a variable focus lens.