JPH0379216A - No-burr shearing method of plate and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate burrs in shearing particularly of a sheet and obtain a seared plane with high accuracy by giving bite through a rolling cut shear and by cutting back from the opposite side in shearing a plate. CONSTITUTION:In shearing a plate W, a pair of upper and lower fixed cutter mechanisms B and another pair of upper and lower main cutter mechanisms A in which at least one of them is an arc or an approximate elliptical cutter are used. First, in the state that the plate W is held with the fixed cutter mechanisms B, bite is given to the plate W by rolling shearing with the arc or the approximate elliptical cutters A1 and A2 of the main cutter mechanisms A. Next, the whole thickness is sheared by cutting back with the cutter on the side opposite to the bite side. There are methods that the upper edge A1 gives the bite and the lower edge B2 cuts back, that the lower edge A2 gives the bite and the upper edge B1 cuts back, and that the lower edge A2 gives the bite and the upper edge A1 cuts back.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for shearing plate materials without burrs.

[Conventional technology and its technical issues]

A commonly used method for shearing plate materials is the guillotine cut method, which uses a straight blade as the upper blade and moves it up and down at an angle to the horizontal, but this method produces severe noise due to breakthrough during shearing, twisting, There were problems with large deformations such as bending and camber, and poor accuracy due to burrs.

As another shearing method, a rolling shear method is known in which an arc-shaped cutter is used as the cutter on one side, and shearing is performed by rolling this on the cutter on the other side. This method is effective in reducing noise and deformation, which are disadvantages of the guillotine cut method. However, even with this method, there was a problem in that the occurrence of burrs could not be eliminated.

The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its basic purpose is to provide a method that can relatively easily shear plate materials with high precision without burrs. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method which allows, in particular, shearing thin sheets without burrs.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method that can shear plate materials with high precision without burrs, with less noise, and with less deformation such as twisting, bending, camber, etc.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a compact and simple-structured apparatus suitable for carrying out the method.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method in which a circular arc-shaped or approximately elliptical cutter is used to bite into a plate at least once by rolling shear, and then cut back.

That is, in shearing a plate material, the present invention uses a fixed blade mechanism consisting of a pair of upper and lower blades, and a main blade mechanism of a pair of upper and lower blades, at least one of which is an arcuate or elliptical blade. In the first step, while the plate material is held between the fixed blade mechanism, the plate material is bitten by rolling shear using the arc-shaped blade or approximate elliptical blade of the main blade mechanism, and the second step
It is characterized by shearing the entire thickness by cutting back with a blade on the side opposite to the biting side as a step.

Examples of the first and second stages include the following.

■As the main blade mechanism, the upper blade is an arc-shaped or approximately elliptical blade, and the lower blade is a straight blade, and the upper blade makes a bite and the lower blade cuts back.

■As the main blade mechanism, a straight blade is used for the upper blade, and an arc-shaped or approximately elliptical blade is used for the lower blade.The lower blade makes a bite, and the upper blade makes a cut.

■A method in which arc-shaped or approximately elliptical cutters are used for both the upper and lower blades as the main blade mechanism, with the lower blade making bites and the upper blade cutting back.

In another method of the present invention, arc-shaped or approximately elliptical blades are used as the upper and lower blades, and shearing is performed in three stages. That is, a fixed blade mechanism consisting of one set of upper and lower blades, and a separate upper and lower blade mechanism. Using a pair of main cutter mechanisms in which both the blade and the lower blade are arc-shaped or approximately elliptical cutters, the plate material is bitten by rolling shear with the upper or lower blade while the plate material is held between the fixed blade mechanism. , In the second step, the plate material is cut back to the extent that it does not separate by rolling shear of the knife on the opposite side of the biting side.
In the third step, the entire thickness is again sheared by rolling shearing with the upper or lower blade.

Furthermore, the device of the present invention basically consists of a fixed cutter provided on the bed side, a fixed cutter facing the fixed cutter that can be raised and lowered freely, and a fixed cutter that is suspended from a drive means via a hinge mechanism and is attached to at least one side of the fixed cutter. A rolling cutter having a pair of upper and lower main cutters having arcuate or approximately ellipsoidal blades, in which a skid to which the arcuate or approximately ellipsoidal blades are attached is driven by a guide mechanism arranged in the plate thickness direction at one end. It is characterized by being configured so that a trajectory is given.

The driving means includes a hydraulic cylinder and a mechanical type, and in the case of the former, the upper and lower skids of the main blade mechanism are integrated,
It is preferable to install the upper and lower cutters at the open positions of the upper and lower skids, since the intended purpose can be achieved with a single driving means.

In the latter case, a crank and a cam are used, and a skid with an arcuate blade or an approximate elliptical blade is moved by the cam and guide mechanism so that the blade performs a rolling motion, while the other blade has a straight blade. If so, you can use a crank to move it. This is advantageous over varnishes in that conventional shearing equipment can be utilized.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the shearing method according to the invention, and FIGS. 8 to 18 show an example of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the method.

First, the device will be explained. In FIGS. 8 and 9, 1 is a frame installed on the base floor, 3 is a crown installed on the frame 1, and on the ceiling of the crown 3, as shown in FIG. Hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b are installed at a predetermined interval.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, these hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b are mounted so as to be swingable by a hinge mechanism 40 including a seat and a pin. Each hydraulic cylinder 4a, 4b
piston rod 41a.

41b extends downward and swingably suspends the skid (slide) 5 by hinge mechanisms 42a and 42b. The hinge mechanisms 42a and 42b are made up of a yoke 420 fixed to the piston rods 41a and 41b, a pin 421 passing through the yoke 420 and the upper end of the skid 5, and a pin 421, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, for example. It includes a spherical sliding bearing 422 arranged between the outer periphery and the hole in the skid.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 12, the skid 5 has a height extending from the crown side to the frame side, and a window hole 5o larger than the width of the workpiece W is provided in the middle part. . A main knife mechanism A is replaceably fixed to the skid 5 with screws or the like.

That is, in this embodiment, the main blade mechanism A uses an arc-shaped blade with a required curvature in its blade portion as the upper blade A1, and a straight blade with a predetermined shear angle as the lower blade A2. , A2 are fixed so as to protrude into the window hole 50.

On the frame corresponding to both sides of the skid 5 in the longitudinal direction,
Thickness direction guides 7a and 7b having a groove-shaped cross section are provided, and the skid 5 is fitted into these thickness direction guides 7a and 7b so that movement of both side edge portions is not restricted. Further, the skid 5 can be raised and lowered without wobbling in the thickness direction.

A plate retainer 8 shown in FIGS. 8, 10, and 12 is arranged behind the skid 5.

The plate holder 8 has plate thickness direction guides 7a on both sides.

Hydraulic cylinder 82 is arranged in a holding frame 80 provided in contact with 7b, and is raised upward by a spring 81.
When a and 82b press down on the same plate presser, the workpiece W
It is designed to be fixed.

Note that the plate holder is configured to form a predetermined gap with the workpiece W under the action of a spring 81 in a normal state.

A linear blade (upper blade) B□, which is one side of the fixed blade mechanism B, is replaceably attached to the lower part of the plate holder 8. A pair of straight blades (lower blade) B2 is fixed on the frame side at a relative position facing the straight blade (upper blade) B. The straight cutter (upper blade) B□ and the lower blade A
A slight clearance is formed between the two blades and between the straight blade (lower blade) B2 and the upper blade A4.

Further, between the thickness direction of one longitudinal end of the skid 5 and the frame 1, there is a guide or regulation mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a guide mechanism) for creating a rolling motion locus for the arc-shaped blade as the upper blade Ai. )10 are provided. In this embodiment, the guide mechanism 10 is shown in FIGS. 8 and 13.
As shown in the figure, a mounting seat 100 is provided on the upper part of the frame 1, and a transfer element 101 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 100, while a groove plate 102 is fixed to the surface of the skid 5 with bolts. A guide groove 103 is formed in which the roller 101 rolls into contact.

The guide groove 103 shown in the figure has a curved line corresponding to a cycloid line. Note that the transfer element 101 and the groove plate 102 may be attached to opposite sides.

FIGS. 14(a) and 14(b) show an embodiment in which a linear guide is used as the guide mechanism 10. FIG. (a) is skid 5
A plate 102 having a linear guide groove 104 formed in the front end thereof is fixed with screws 111, and a frame-side transfer element 101 is fitted into this plate. (b) is a rod type, in which a linear guide rod 106 extending obliquely is attached to the frame 1 through a fixed seat 105, a guide cylinder 107 is slidably fitted to this linear guide rod 106, and the guide cylinder 107 A shaft 108 protruding perpendicularly from the skid 5 is passed through a through hole 52 drilled in the skid 5 via a bush 109 and fixed with a fixing nut 110.

Considerable precision and miniaturization can also be achieved when a curved groove is adopted as the guide mechanism 1o, but obtaining a curved guide requires high machining accuracy, which increases costs and requires repair when worn. becomes difficult. Moreover, when performing burrless shearing, it is necessary to adjust the bottom dead center position of the blade according to the thickness of the various materials. In this case, in the case of a one-curve guide, a deviation occurs between the locus of the hinge part of the blade during rolling and shearing and the guide groove.

As a result, the shearing process of the blade tends to be strictly different from the original rolling shear trajectory, which deteriorates the accuracy of the bottom dead center of the blade and adversely affects the force life of the blade when the single-arc blade moves horizontally. coming out.

On the other hand, when a linear guide is adopted, as shown in FIG. W1
) is chosen, but the hinge point of the straight guide and skid 5 (
The pin positions) always match, so the horizontal slippage of the cutter does not occur. However, in order to establish a linear guide, the shape of the cutter A1 must change from a circular arc to an approximate ellipse.

To be more specific, the condition for the curved blade to shear without slipping on the lower blade of the straight blade is that the shearing length dx of the lower blade during shearing and the rolling length ds of the curved blade are as shown in Fig. 16. It is equivalent. With these dx and ds, when the curved blade is part of a circular arc, point a on the blade forms a cycloid line locus, and the following equation holds true. Note that c, d, and
Point e is a point that divides bf into four equal parts.

x=RO-RsinO y=R(1-cosθ) If you change the cycloid line to straight line y=ax, y=ax
is the secant of the cycloid line, and the following equation holds.

y=ax...(1)x=RO-Rs
inO-(2) y=R(1-cosθ)-(3)s=Rθ
...(4) Here.

x, y: Coordinate values of point a (end point of blade) R: Curved curved blade radius R (x, y) 0: Angle formed by a line connecting point a and the center point of R and a vertical line S: Curved shape Smax of the curved length of the blade is the same as the length of the straight blade.

Therefore, the shape of the curved blade (
y = f (x)), which can be easily obtained by inputting the above equation into a computer, determining the value of X, and calculating the value of R. In that case, 1
The shape of the curved blade is an approximate ellipse as shown in FIGS. 16 and 16a. Therefore, the motion trajectory during shearing for each point of the blade shown in FIG. 16 is shown in FIG. 17. Therefore, from this FIG. 17, the specifications of the stroke control of the hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b may be determined, or the shape of the cam in the mechanical drive described later may be determined.

Figures 18 and 19 show two cams 19 in the cam driving system.
a, 19b and the motion curve of the hinge point. 18th
In the figure, line C is the motion curve of hinge point C on the cutter, H
The line is the locus of the end point of the rod 43a when the cam is driven, the H line is the motion curve of the hinge point e on the cutter, and the line 1 is the locus of the end point i of the rod 43b when the cam is driven.

Note that the main blade mechanism A is not limited to the case where the upper blade A is an arc-shaped blade as shown in FIGS. 8 to 13. That is, contrary to the above, the upper blade A1 is a straight blade, and the lower blade A2 is
It can also be used as an arc-shaped knife.

Further, both the upper blade A1 and the lower blade A2 may be arc-shaped blades as shown in FIG. 1a. If the lower blade is an arc-shaped blade,
As schematically shown in FIG. 1a, the guide mechanism 10 described above may be disposed between the lower side of the skid 5 and the frame. Yet again. The arcuate cutter described above can be replaced with the approximate elliptical cutter described above.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a control system for such a hydraulically driven burrless shear. FIG. 1 shows the hydraulic circuit 12 of the hydraulic cylinders 4a, 4b, which is connected to a hydraulic pressure generating device 120 including a hydraulic pump, an accumulator 121 provided on a discharge path from now on, and an oil path 125 from the accumulator 121. , pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 4a,
servo valves 122a, 122b for controlling the strokes of the servo valves 122a, 122b, respectively.
A locking valve 123a is disposed downstream of the locking valve 123a.

123b. Locking valve 123a.

Reference numeral 123b is a safety valve that suddenly stops the lowering of the cutter, and is equipped with a two-position switching valve 1230 connected to the cylinder ports of the servo valves 122a and 122b, and an electromagnetic two-position switching valve 1231 that operates the safety valve. 2 position switching valve 1
, 231 from the upstream side of the servo valves 122a, 122b through a branch path 126.

FIG. 2 shows shear control using the hydraulic circuit. The workpiece material is stored in the computer 13 in advance.

An optimal stroke progera 11 is constructed according to the plate thickness, etc., and the signal from this computer 13 is converted into two systems of D/A converters 130a and 130bt' voltage and sent to servo amplifiers 131a and 131b, where It is converted into a current value and sent to the electromagnetic part of the servo valves 122a and 122b,
As a result, the controlled hydraulic flow rate is sent to the respective hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b, and the strokes S□ and S2 are controlled as illustrated in FIG. 5 to be described later, and the guide mechanism 1o
The desired rolling motion is given to the arc-shaped cutter by the cooperative action with The strokes SL and s2 at this time are fed back to the computer 13 by the position detectors 14a and 14b, and the deviation is corrected. The position detectors 14a and 14b may be of any type, such as a linear scale, as long as they can convert distance into an electrical quantity, and in this embodiment, the pin 421 of the hinge mechanism 42 as shown in FIGS. A detector 140 is attached to the crown side, and a main body 141 is attached to the crown side.

Next, the hydraulically driven shearing method according to the present invention will be explained.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5. First, the work W is placed on the bed, and at this time half of the skid 5 is located on the bed side, but since there is a window hole 5°, the work W extends through it.

Next, strokes S□ and S2 as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are applied to the hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b, respectively, by a control system as shown in FIG. 2, for example. At this time, first, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders 82a and 82b extend downward, so that the material presser 8 is lowered, and as shown in FIG. 3(a), the upper blade B1 of the fixed blade mechanism B and the lower blade of the frame side B2
The workpiece W is clamped and fixed with variable pressure via the pressure reducing valve 431.

In this state, the upper blade A□ (in this example, an arc-shaped blade) of the main blade mechanism A is in the state shown in FIG. 4 O, which is the initial position. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 4a and the hydraulic cylinder 4
As a result, the upper blade A□ rolls on the lower blade B2 of the fixed cutter mechanism B as shown in Figures 4 (■ to ■). )'like,
Workpiece W is bitten.

That is, first, the upper blade A is extended by the hydraulic cylinder 4a side.
Yu reaches a position where the left end side is a few millimeters above the thickness of the workpiece,
It continues to fall and shearing starts (Fig. 5 (D), then the hydraulic cylinder 4a side is shortened and at the same time the hydraulic cylinder 4b side is extended, so the rolling cut continues (Fig. It bites in and the first stage is completed (Fig. 5 ■). Then, the hydraulic cylinder 4b side is shortened and returns to the initial position.

The rolling motion of the upper blade A□ at this time is controlled by a guide mechanism 10 in the thickness direction of the skid 5. for example,
If it is a groove type, the transfer element 101 on the frame side is controlled by moving along guide grooves 103, 104 on the front surface of the skid.

Further, the biting depth is determined by the hydraulic cylinder 4 due to the servo valves 122a, 122b and the locking valves 123a, 123b.
Precise control can be achieved by hydraulic control to a and 4b.

Next, both hydraulic cylinders 4a and 4b are simultaneously operated to the shortening side from the initial position, and as a result the skid 5 rises, the lower blade A of the main blade mechanism A is moved as shown in FIGS. 2 (in this example, a straight blade) rises and comes into contact with the workpiece W, and in the second step, cuts back at the same position as the biting line C from below with the upper blade B1 of the fixed blade mechanism B. The workpiece W is sheared by this upper and lower punching mechanism, resulting in a smooth cut without burrs. FIG. 3(d) shows a state in which shearing is completed, then the skid 5 reaches the top dead center, and finally the skid 5 descends again and returns to the initial position in a). Next is the hydraulic cylinder 82a.

By returning 82b to the initial position, the plate holder 8 rises due to the action of the spring 81, and the upper blade B separates from the workpiece W. This completes one cycle of shearing. This hydraulic drive type is suitable for thin objects that require precision.

Note that when an arcuate cutter is used as the lower blade A2 of the main cutter mechanism A, biting or cutting is performed by drawing a rolling trajectory that is upside down compared to the upper blade A1.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show an embodiment of an apparatus and method in which a mechanical type is used as the blade perturbation source.

Figures 6a to 6c show details of the device.

In this embodiment, as the main blade mechanism A, a straight blade is used as the upper blade A0, and an arc-shaped blade is used as the lower blade A2. It goes without saying that instead of this, the upper blade A□ and the lower blade A may both be arc-shaped blades or approximate elliptical blades, as shown in FIG. 6d.

In the case of the former embodiment, a plurality of rotating shafts 15a, 15b, and 15c are horizontally suspended above the crown 3. The first rotation shaft 15a is a drive shaft, and is rotated by a transmission mechanism 17 including a motor 16 and a clutch, and its movement is caused by the rotation shaft 15b.
, 15c through a gear system 18.

The lower rotating shaft 15c has a brake 150 at the end and a crank mechanism 11a at the middle.

11b, and cams 19a, 19b and a cam 220 are attached to the outside thereof. The crank mechanism 11a
, llb suspends the upper blade A machine attached to the skid 5 by hinge mechanisms 2a and 2b, and cams 19a and 19b are used to rotate the arc blades as shown in Fig. 4 above (however, the top and bottom are reversed). For example 7 so that you can give exercise
It is made into a predetermined shape as shown in Figure (a), and the sixth
As shown in Figure a, the followers 20a and 20b in contact with the cams 19a and 19b are attached to a plate 200, and the skid 5' is attached to the plate 200 with hinge mechanisms 42a and 4.
The rod 43a is suspended via the rod 2b.

43b are connected, and overlap adjustment mechanisms 21a, 21b, such as a screw type, for controlling the biting amount are provided in the middle of the rods 43a, 43b. Hinge mechanism 4
2a, 42b are shown in FIG. 6b and are similar in structure to those shown in FIGS. 11 and 13 above.

The guide mechanism 1o described above is provided at the longitudinal end of the skid 5'. This guide mechanism 1
o, various types shown in FIGS. 8 to 14 can be used.

The crown 3 is also provided with a hydraulic pump 22, and the tip of a piston 225 of the hydraulic pump 22 is in contact with the cam 220 via a spring 226.
0, the piston 225 descends to discharge pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22, and the discharged oil is sent to material holding cylinders 23a and 23b fixed to the crown side. Material holding cylinder 23
a.

A lower blade B1 as one side of the fixed end mechanism B is attached to the piston 23b, and is pressed down against the spring 24 to come into contact with the workpiece W and fix it.

To explain the shearing method according to this embodiment, the upper blade A□ is moved by the crank mechanisms 11a and llb, and the cam 19a
, 19b moves the lower blade A2, and in the first step, the lower blade A2 bites into the workpiece W, and then the upper blade A8 descends and cuts back at the biting line position, thereby performing shearing.

That is, when the first rotating shaft 15a as a drive shaft is driven, the third rotating shaft 15c is rotated by the gear system 18.
The hydraulic pump 22 is actuated by the cam 220, and the material presser cylinders 23a, 23b are actuated.
As shown in a), the upper blade B1 of the fixed end piece mechanism B lowers and holds the workpiece W together with the lower blade B2. Then two 19a,
19b, the lower blade A2, which was in the initial position, moves upward on the shearing start side and rolls upward under the upper blade B, shearing by the required injection amount. This is the state shown in FIG. 7(b).

When this is finished, the lower blade A2 moves to the initial position, and at the same time, the upper blade A moves to the crank mechanism 11a.

11b, it moves downward while maintaining a horizontal state. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7(d), the upper blade Ai performs cutting and shearing along the biting line C in the previous stage, and the separation of the workpieces is completed. This results in a burrless cut as in the previous embodiment.

After material separation, both upper blade A and lower blade A2 return to their initial positions,
Stop. At the same time, the pressure on the screw 1-225 is released and returned by the spring 226, so that the upper blade B machine of the fixed end piece mechanism B releases the grip on the workpiece W. This completes one cycle.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6d, a drive shaft 16 is disposed horizontally below the upper rotation shaft 15c, and cams 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d are mounted on the rotation shaft 15c and the drive shaft 16, respectively.
are attached to these cams, and rods are attached to these cams via cam followers as in FIG.
42d, and an arcuate or approximately elliptical upper blade A2 and lower blade A2 are attached to the skids 5, 5'. A guide mechanism 10, 10' is provided at the longitudinal end of the skid 5, 5'.

As this guide mechanism 10, 10', various types shown in FIGS. 8 to 14 can be used. The remaining mechanisms are the same as those shown in FIG. 6, so illustrations and explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, both the upper and lower blades have cams 19a.

19b, 19c, and 19d, and in the first step, the lower blade A or the upper blade A2 rolls into the workpiece and bites into it, and then the upper blade A2 or the lower blade A rolls at the biting line position. Sendan is performed by cutting back. The movement of the material presser at this time is the same as in the previous embodiment.

Note that, as described above, shearing by biting in the first stage and cutting back in the second stage is suitable for thick plates. Three-stage shearing is suitable for burrless shearing of thin sheets. In this case, the main cutter mechanism A shown in Fig. 6d, or more preferably, Fig. 1a, has an arc shape or an approximate ellipse for both the upper and lower blades, and the drive is hydraulic. .

Figures 20(,) to d) are 3 by the apparatus of Figure 1a.
A staged shear scheme is shown. In this case, first, the second
As shown in Figure 0 (a), the upper blade B□ and lower blade B of the fixed blade mechanism B
2 clamps and fixes the workpiece W, as a first step, the upper blade A□ rolls on the lower blade B2 as shown in Fig. 20(b), so that the workpiece W is not separated. Add bite.

For details of the movement of the upper blade A at this time, please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5 and their explanations.

Next, in the second step, the lower blade A2 is moved by the movement of the skid 5.
rises, and as shown in Fig. 20(c), this lower blade A
2 performs a rolling motion on top of the upper blade B1, and cuts back from the opposite side at the same position as the biting line in the first stage. The depth of this cut is controlled to such an extent that the workpieces are not separated. The movement of the lower blade A2 at this time is as shown in FIG. 4 with the top and bottom reversed.

Then, in the third stage, the skid 5 descends again and the second
As shown in FIG. 0(d), the upper blade A1 rolls on the lower blade B2, thereby reversing the biting line position at the first stage. The workpiece W is now separated.

Compared to the two-stage shearing method, this method
The clearance between the lower blade A2 and the upper blade B can be increased.

Therefore, thin plates can be sheared cleanly without burrs.

Next, an example of the present invention will be shown.

A cold-open rolled steel plate with a thickness of 3.2 mm was sheared using the following three methods as a workpiece.

! , conventional straight blade jar shear angle: 1.5', Ri IJ 7 lance: 0.05m
m■, standard rolling shear knife curvature radius: 10m, clearance: 0.05mmmm
0 Shearing cutter of the present invention: Fig. 1a (upper and lower arc-shaped blades) Cutting tool curvature radius 2 10 m for both upper and lower sides Clearance: Ao and 82-0.05 mm A2 and B, -
0.05mm Blade movement type: Fig. 3 Guide machine a: Curved guide method Vertical distance between work A and B2 in the first stage 20.96m5+ (70% cutting into the plate thickness) The shearing results by the above method are shown below. Shown in Table 1.

The deformations of the products in Table 1 were torsion, bending, and camber, and the evaluation was by tentacle. It also burrowed by tentacles.

From FIG. 1, it can be seen that the present invention is an excellent method that can solve the so-called three evils of shearing.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention described above, there is no breakthrough during shearing, noise can be reduced, the stroke can be made smaller, so high speeds can be achieved, and twisting, camber, side bending (
In addition to the basic effect of the rolling cut shear, which is that it can reduce the deformation of the shear, etc., the first stage is the rolling cut shear, and the second stage is to cut back from the opposite side, which poses a difficult problem in terms of shearing. This has the excellent effect of eliminating burrs and making it possible to process a sheared surface with good accuracy.

Further, according to the device of the present invention, it is suitable for implementing the above method,
Moreover, the upper end of the arc is driven by a hydraulic cylinder or cam and hinge mechanism with a high degree of freedom in stroke, and the motion trajectory of the blade is guided in the thickness direction of one longitudinal end of the skid, simplifying the mechanism. In addition to this, combined with the fact that the guide does not protrude in the width direction of the frame, an excellent effect can be obtained in that the device can be made smaller.

Also, when the guide mechanism is a linear guide.

Since the horizontal slip of the curved blade is eliminated, the life of the blade can be extended, and the guide mechanism is easy to manufacture and adjust, making it inexpensive, and the bottom dead center position accuracy is also improved. It will be done.

Furthermore, using arc-shaped or approximate elliptical blades on the top and bottom,
When performing stepwise shearing, an excellent effect is obtained in that the thin plate can be sheared into clean cuts without burrs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the device used in the shearing method according to the present invention, Fig. 1a is a front view showing another embodiment of the main edge mechanism, and Fig. 1b is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the fixed blade mechanism. figure,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the control system of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 (a) to (d) are sectional views showing the shearing process according to the present invention.
Figures 4 0 to ■ are front views showing the movement of the arc-shaped blade in the first stage, Figures 5 (a) and (b) are line diagrams illustrating the cylinder stroke to obtain the movement shown in Figure 4, and Figure 6 The figure is a front view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention, Figure 6a is a perspective view of the cam in Figure 6, Figure 6b is a perspective view of the hinge mechanism,
Figure 6c is a front view showing the drive mechanism of the hydraulic pump, Figure 6d is a front view showing the drive mechanism of the hydraulic pump.
The figure is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which the cutter is different from that in FIG. 6, FIGS. 7(a) to (d) are sectional views showing the shearing process in the embodiment of FIG. A rear view showing an example of a shearing device, FIG. 9 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 10 is a side view of the shearing device.
- A cross-sectional view along the X-line in Figure 11, a cross-sectional view along the X-X line in Figure 8, and a cross-sectional view along the
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line 1 of Figure 8, Figure 14a and Figure 1.
Fig. 4b is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the guide mechanism in the present invention, Fig. 15 is a line diagram showing the relationship between the change in shear bottom dead center and the guide when a linear guide is used as the guide mechanism, and Fig. 16 Figure 16a is a diagram showing the relationship between the linear guide and the shape of the blade, Figure 16a is a front view showing the relationship between the arcuate blade and the approximate elliptical blade in the present invention, and Figure 17 is the top view of the blade when using the linear guide. Fig. 18 is a diagram showing the motion curve of the rod and hinge point when a cam is used as the drive source, and Fig. 19 is a diagram showing the coordinate values of each point of the device corresponding to the trajectory in Fig. 18. Explanatory drawings showing points, FIGS. 20(a) to 20(d) are cross-sectional views schematically showing the three-stage shearing method according to the present invention. 1... Frame, 4a, 4b... Hydraulic cylinder, 5
5'...Skid, 10...Guide mechanism, lla,
11 b...Crank mechanism, 19a, 19b, 19
c. 19d...Cam, A...Main blade mechanism, Ai...Upper blade, A. ...Lower blade, B...Fixed knife mechanism, B process...Upper blade,
B2...Lower blade, W...Work Figure 1a Figure 2 Figure 6d e [Phase] ■■ 7th surface No. 11 Figure 4't2 21 Figure 14a Figure 14b/\1 Figure 76a Figure 17 Figure 20 (a) (b) (C) (d) Figure 18 Figure 19 Correction Contents

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A method for shearing plate materials, which includes a fixed blade mechanism consisting of a pair of upper and lower blades, and a pair of upper and lower main blades in which at least one other is an arcuate blade or an approximately elliptical blade. In the first step, the plate material is clamped by the fixed blade mechanism, and the plate material is bitten by rolling shear by the arc-shaped blade or approximate elliptical blade of the main blade mechanism, and in the second step, the biting side and A burr-less shearing method for plate materials that is characterized by shearing the entire thickness by cutting back with a knife on the opposite side. (2) The plate material according to claim 1, in which the main blade mechanism uses an arc-shaped or approximately elliptical blade for the upper blade and a straight blade for the lower blade, and the upper blade makes a bite and the lower blade cuts back. Burrless shearing method. (3) The plate material according to claim 1, in which the main cutter mechanism uses a straight cutter for the upper cutter and an arcuate or approximately elliptical cutter for the lower cutter, where the lower cutter makes a bite and the upper cutter cuts back. Burrless shearing method. (4) The burr of the plate material according to claim 1, in which arc-shaped or approximately elliptical cutters are used as the main cutter mechanism for both the upper and lower blades, the lower blade makes a bite, and the upper blade cuts the material. No shearing method. (5) A method of shearing plate material, in which the upper and lower
A fixed cutter mechanism consisting of a set of fixed cutter mechanisms, and a main cutter mechanism of a set in which the upper and lower blades are both arc-shaped or approximately elliptical cutters, are used. Alternatively, the plate material is bitten by rolling shearing with the lower blade, the second step is rolling shearing of the blade opposite to the biting side to cut back the plate material to the extent that it does not separate, and the third step is rolling shearing again with the upper or lower blade. A burr-less shearing method for plate materials, which is characterized by shearing the entire thickness at . (6) A fixed cutter provided on the bed side, a fixed cutter facing the fixed cutter that can be raised and lowered, and a top and bottom fixed cutter that is suspended from a drive means via a hinge mechanism and has an arcuate or approximately elliptical cutter on at least one side. A skid having a set of main cutter mechanisms and having the arcuate or approximately elliptical cutter attached thereto is configured to give a rolling motion locus to the cutter via a guide mechanism arranged in the thickness direction of the end plate. A burrless shearing device for plate materials, which is characterized by: (7) The burrless shearing device for plate material according to claim 6, wherein the driving means is a hydraulic cylinder, the upper and lower skids of the main knife mechanism are integrated, and the upper and lower knives are attached to the opening positions of the upper and lower skids. . (8) A patent claim in which the driving means is a crank and a cam, and the skid on which the arcuate blade or approximate elliptical blade is attached is moved to give the blade a rolling trajectory through the cam and the guide mechanism. A burrless shearing device for plate materials according to scope 6.