JPH03130763A - Method for processing black and white silver halide photographic sensitive material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the stability of photographic characteristics even if the amt. of the fixer to be replenished is below a specific amt. by using the black and white photosensitive material which contains emulsions having the silver chloride content of a specific value or above and having the coating amt. of silver of a specific value or below. CONSTITUTION:This black and white silver halide photosensitive material is provided with the emulsion layers consisting of the emulsions having >=50mol% silver chloride content and the coating amt. of the silver is specified to <=2.8g/m<2>. This photosensitive material is processed by limiting the amt. of the fixer to be replenished to <=250ml per 1m<2> photosensitive material. A fixing defect arises if the silver chloride content is below the above-mentioned range and the coating amt. of the silver exceeds the above-mentioned amt. Such ratios are, therefore, undesirable. The combination use of hydroquinone and 1-phenyl-3- pyrazolidones or aminophenol compd. is possible and ammonium thiosulfate is usable for the fixer.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for processing black and white silver halide photosensitive materials using an automatic processor, and particularly relates to a method for processing a black and white silver halide photosensitive material using an automatic processor. This relates to a processing method that allows stable photographic performance to be obtained even when the amount is reduced.

(Background of the Invention) Black and white silver halide photosensitive materials are generally processed through the following steps after exposure: development, fixing, washing, and drying.

Recently, most of them are automatic development 4! ! (hereinafter abbreviated as automatic processing machine). At that time, the photosensitive material is normally processed while being replenished with a fixed amount of fixing solution proportional to the area of the material. Conventionally, for so-called sheet-like photosensitive materials such as X-ray photography and GraphisoArts photosensitive materials, three fixer replenishers were added for one pot of photosensitive material.
It was common to process while replenishing 30- or more, especially 390- or more.

However, photographic fixing waste liquid has a high chemical oxygen demand (so-called C, O, D) or biological oxygen demand (so-called B,
,D). Therefore, the fixing waste liquid must be treated chemically or biologically to render it harmless before it is disposed of. Since treatment of these waste liquids imposes a large economic burden, a treatment method that requires less fixing replenishment has been desired.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a processing method that uses a small amount of fixing replenisher per unit processing area in processing a transmission type black and white silver halide photosensitive material using an automatic processor. . Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method that allows obtaining products with good stability in photographic properties even when using a small amount of fixing replenisher.

(Means for Solving the Problems) An object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a transmission-type black-and-white silver halide photosensitive material using an automatic processor, in which the photosensitive material is halogenated with a silver chloride content of 50 mol% or more. The photosensitive material is made of silver emulsion and has an emulsion layer, and the amount of coated silver per 1 m of the photosensitive material is 2.8 g or less, and the amount of replenishment after fixing is 1.
．． (This was achieved by a method for processing black and white silver halide light-sensitive materials, which is characterized in that the per-capacity ratio is 250 - or less.

The black and white silver halide light-sensitive material used in the processing method of the present invention has at least one silver halide emulsion layer having a silver chloride content of 50 mol% or more, and the coated silver star is the light-sensitive material 1.
- not more than 2.8g per serving.

As silver halide with a silver chloride content of 50 mol% or more,
Any of silver chloride, silver chlorobromide, and silver chloroiodobromide may be used, but the content of silver iodide is preferably 1 mol % or less. In particular, silver chloride and silver chlorobromide are preferably used.

If silver halide with a silver chloride content of less than 50 mol % is used, poor fixing will occur in processing with a small amount of fixing replenisher. Furthermore, if the amount of coated silver exceeds 2.8 g/n (2.8 g/n), defective fixing occurs in processing under the same condition where the amount of fixing replenishment is small.

In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a silver halide emulsion having an average grain size of 0.22 μm or less.

Such fine-grain silver halide emulsions have the advantage of being less likely to cause fixing defects when processed under conditions where the amount of fixing replenishment is small.

The average grain size herein is a technical term commonly used by experts in the field of silver halide photographic chemistry and will be easily understood. Particle size means particle diameter in the case of particles that are spherical or can be approximated to a sphere. When the particles are cubic, the particle size is determined by an algebraic mean or a geometric mean based on the average particle projected area.

For details, see C.E. Mees and T.H.
"The Theory of the Photographic Process" by JaIIes, 3rd edition, pp. 36-43 (196
Please refer to Macmillan Publishing Co., Ltd.).

The silver halide grains in the photographic emulsion used in the present invention have regular (
It may have a regular crystal structure, and particularly preferred are a cube and a tetradecahedron. Further, it may have an irregular crystal shape such as a spherical shape, a plate shape, a flat shape with an aspect ratio of 3 to 20, or a composite shape of these crystal shapes.

The interior and surface layers of the silver halide grains may have a uniform phase or may consist of different phases.

Two or more silver halide emulsions formed separately may be used in combination.

The silver halide emulsion used in the present invention contains cadmium salts, sulfites, lead salts, thallium salts, rhodium salts or complex salts thereof, iridium salts or complex salts thereof, etc. in the shape of silver halide grains or during the physical ripening process. They may coexist.

The emulsion of the present invention may not be chemically sensitized, but may be chemically sensitized. As a chemical sensitization method, known methods such as sulfur sensitization, reduction sensitization, gold sensitization, etc. can be used, and these methods are used alone or in combination. A preferred chemical sensitization method is sulfur sensitization.

As the sulfur sensitizer, in addition to the sulfur compounds contained in gelatin, various sulfur compounds such as thiosulfates, diourea salts, thiazoles, rhodanines, etc. can be used. Specific examples are U.S. Patent Nos. 1,574,944 and 2.
, No. 278,947, No. 2.410.689, No. 2.
No. 728.668, No. 3.501.313, No. 3.
656. It is described in No. 955. Preferred sulfur compounds are thiosulfates and thiourea compounds, and the pAg during chemical sensitization is preferably 9.3 or less, more preferably in the range of 7.3 to 9.0. Furthermore, Mo1
sar, Klein Ge1ation, Pro
c, Sy+mp, 2nd, 301-309 (1
A method of using polyvinylpyrrolidone in combination with thiosulfate as reported by (970) et al. also gives good results.

Among the noble metal sensitization methods, the gold sensitization method is a typical method and uses a gold compound, mainly kumquat salt. There is no problem in containing complex salts of noble metals other than pure metals, such as platinum, palladium, and iridium. A specific example is U.S. Patent No. 2.448.06
No. 0, British Patent No. 618.061, etc.

As the reduction sensitizer, stannous salts, amines, formamidine sulfinic acid, silane compounds, etc. can be used, and specific examples thereof include U.S. Pat. .983.609, same 2
, No. 983.610, No. 694. , No. 367.

The silver halide emulsion in the light-sensitive material used in the present invention is
One type may be used alone, or two or more types (for example, those with different average particle sizes, those with different halogen compositions, those with different crystal habits, and those with different chemical sensitization conditions) may be used in combination.

Further, the silver halide emulsion layer may be a single layer or a multilayer (two layers, three layers, etc.). In the case of multiple layers, different silver halide emulsions may be used, or the same silver halide emulsions may be used.

Gelatin is advantageously used as a binder or protective colloid in photographic emulsions, but other hydrophilic colloids can also be used. For example, gelatin derivatives, graft polymers of gelatin and other polymers, proteins such as albumin and casein, hydroxyethyl cellulose,
Carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose derivatives such as cellulose sulfate esters, sugar derivatives such as sodium alginate and starch derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol partial acetal, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, A wide variety of synthetic hydrophilic polymeric materials can be used, such as single or copolymers of polyvinyl rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like.

As the gelatin, in addition to lime-treated gelatin, acid-treated gelatin may be used, and gelatin hydrolysates and gelatin enzymatically decomposed products can also be used.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the silver/gelatin ratio of the light-sensitive material is preferably 0.8 or more, particularly 1.5 or more, in order to prevent poor fixing under conditions where the amount of fixer replenishment is small. The gold coating amount of the hydrophilic binder on one side should be 4.0 g/m or less, especially 3. It is preferable that ogy=below.

In the present invention, JP-A No. 55-52050, page 45~
It is also possible to add a sensitizing dye (for example, cyanine dye, merocyanine dye, etc.) having an absorption maximum in the visible region as described on page 53. This enables spectral sensitization to the longer wavelength side than the inherent sensitivity range of silver halide.

These sensitizing dyes may be used alone or in combination, and combinations of sensitizing dyes are often used particularly for the purpose of supersensitization.

Along with the sensitizing dye, it is a dye that itself does not have a spectral sensitizing effect or a substance that does not substantially absorb visible light,
A substance exhibiting supersensitization may also be included in the emulsion.

Useful sensitizing dyes, supersensitizing dye combinations, and supersensitizing substances are listed in Research Disclosure +- (Re
Search Disclosure) Volume 176 1
7643 (published in December 1978), page 23, item 3.

The light-sensitive material of the present invention may contain various compounds for the purpose of preventing fogging or stabilizing photographic performance during the manufacturing process of the light-sensitive material, during its presence, or during photographic processing. That is, azoles such as hendithiazolium salts, nitroindadules, chlorohezimidazoles, promohenzimidazoles, mercaptotetrazoles, mercaptothiazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, mercaptothiadiazoles, aminotriazoles. , hendithiazoles, nitrohenzotriazoles, etc.; mercaptopyrimidines; mercaptotriazines; thioketo compounds such as oxazolinthione; azaindenes, such as triazaindenes, tetraazaindenes (especially 4-hy)'roxy Substitution (1°3.3a, 7) tetraazaindenes),
Many compounds known as antifoggants or stabilizers can be added, such as pentaazaindenes; henzene thiosulfonic acid, henzene sulfinic acid, henzene sulfonic acid amide, etc. Among these, preference is given to hensitriazoles (e.g. 5-methyl-hensitriazoles) and nitroindazoles (e.g. 5-nitroindazole). Further, these compounds may be included in the treatment liquid. Furthermore, JP-A-62
- Contains a compound that releases an inhibitor during development as described in No.
can be done.

The photographic material of the present invention may contain developing agents such as hydroquinone derivatives and phenidone derivatives for various purposes such as stabilizers and accelerators.

The photographic material of the present invention may contain an inorganic or organic hardener in the photographic emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer.

For example, chromium salts (chromium alum, chromium acetate, etc.)
, aldehydes (formaldehyde, geltaraldehyde, etc.), N-methylol compounds (dimethylol urea, etc.), dioxane derivatives, activated vinyl compounds (1,3
, 5-triacryloyl-hexahydro-5-triazine, 1,3-vinylsulfonyl-2-propatol, etc.)
, active halogen compounds (such as 2,4-dichloro-6-hydroxo-5-L riazine), mucohalogen acids (such as mucochloric acid), etc. can be used individually or in combination.

The photographic emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer of the light-sensitive material prepared using the present invention may contain coating aids, antistatic properties, smoothness improvement, emulsification dispersion, adhesion prevention, and photographic property improvement (e.g.
Various surfactants may be included for various purposes such as development acceleration, hardening, and sensitization.

For example, saponin (steroid form), alkylene oxide L'' II form (e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol condensates, polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers or polyethylene glycol alkylaryl ethers, polyethylene glycol esters, polyethylene glycol sorbitan esters) , polyalkylene glycol alkylamines or amides, silicone polyethylene oxide adducts), glycidol derivatives (e.g. alkenylsuccinic acid polyglycerides, alkylphenol polyglycerides), fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, etc. Ionic surfactants; alkyl carboxylates, alkyl sulfonates, argylbenzenesulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl phosphates, N-an-N-alkyl taurines, sulfosucci Contains acidic groups such as carboxy groups, sulfo groups, phospho groups, sulfate ester groups, phosphate ester groups, etc., such as acid esters, sulfoalkyl polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, and polyoxoethylene alkyl phosphate esters. Anionic surfactants; amphoteric surfactants such as amino acids, aminoalkyl sulfonic acids, aminoalkyl sulfates or phosphates, alkyl betaines, amine oxides; alkylamine salts, aliphatic or aromatic quaternary ammonium salts, Cationic surfactants such as heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts such as pyridinium, imidabrilam, and phosphonium or sulfonium salts containing aliphatic or heterocycles can be used.

In particular, the surfactant preferably used in the present invention is the molecule ff16 described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 513-9412.
00 or more polyalkylene oxides.

Further, in order to prevent static electricity, it is preferable to use fluorine-based surfactants described in JP-A No. 60-80849 and the like.

The photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention contains a hydroquinone reader (so-called DIR) which releases a development inhibitor in response to the intensity of the image during development in the photographic emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layers.
hydroquinone).

Specific examples thereof include U.S. Pat. No. 3,379,529, U.S. Pat. No. 3,620.746, and U.S. Pat.
No. 4, U.S. Patent No. 4,332,878, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 49-1
No. 29.536, JP-A No. 5467.419, JP-A No. 5
Compounds described in JP-A-6-153.336, JP-A-56-153-342, JP-A-59278.853, JP-A-51-90435, JP-A-59-90436, JP-A-51-138808, etc. Can be done.

The photographic light-sensitive material 11 of the present invention may contain a capping agent such as phosphor, magnesium oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, etc. in the photographic emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layers for the purpose of preventing adhesion.

The light-sensitive material used in the present invention may contain a dispersion of a water-insoluble or refractory platform polymer for the purpose of dimensional stability. For example, a polymer containing as a monomer component alkyl (meth)acrylate, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, etc. alone or in combination, or a combination thereof with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc. can be used.

It is preferable that the silver halide emulsion layer and other layers of the photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention contain a compound having an acid group. Examples of compounds having acid groups include polymers or copolymers having repeating units of organic acids such as salicylic acid, acetic acid, and ascorbic acid, and acid monomers such as acrylic acid, maleic acid, and phthalic acid. Regarding these compounds, see JP-A-61-223834 and JP-A No. 61-223834.
No. 228437, No. 62-25745, and No. 62-
The record of specification No. 55642 can be referred to.

Among these compounds, particularly preferred is ascorbic acid as a low molecular compound, and acid monomers such as acrylic acid and crosslinking monomers having two or more unsaturated groups such as divinylhenzene as high molecular compounds. It is a water-dispersible latex of copolymer.

The silver halide emulsion described above is coated onto a plastic film such as a cellulose acetate film or a polyethylene terephthalate film. Among these, polyethylene terephthalate film is preferably used.

When the silver halide photosensitive material used in the present invention contains a hylazine derivative, those shown in the following General 2(1) are preferred.

General formula (]) % formula % t (wherein A represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, B represents a formyl group, an acyl group, an alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, an alkyl or arylsulfinyl group,
It represents a carbamoyl group, an alkoxy or aryloquinocarbonyl group, a sulfinamoyl group, an alkoxysulfonyl group, a thioacyl group, a thiocarbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, or a hetearr2 group, and Rs and R- are both hydrogen atoms, or one is a hydrogen atom and the other is a hydrogen atom. It represents a substituted or pH-substituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group.

However, B, R, and the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded may form a hydrazone partial structure -N=CC.

In the present invention, development processing to form a silver image (black and white photographic processing)
applies. When using an automatic processor, this black-and-white processing typically consists of development, fixing, washing (or stabilization), and drying steps.

The most preferred developing agent used in the developer used in the present invention is a combination of dihydroxyhairzenes and 1-phenyl-3-virapritones or an aminophenol-based developing agent since it is easy to obtain good performance.

Examples of the dihydroxybenzene developing agent used in the present invention include hydroquinone, chlorohydroquinone, bromohydroquinone, 2,3-dibromohydroquinone, isopropylhydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, and 2,3-dibromohydroquinone.
Examples include dichlorohydroquinone, 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone, 2.3 dibromohydroquinone, 2,5-dimethylhydroquinone, and hydroquinone is particularly preferred.

As the developing agent for 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone or its derivative used in the present invention, 1-phenyl-44-dimethyl-3-pyrazolidone, 1-phenyl-4-methyl-
Examples include 4-hydroxymethyl-3-virapritone and l-phenyl-4,4-dihydroxymethyl-3-pyrazolidone.

Examples of p-aminophenol developing agents used in the present invention include N-methyl-p-aminophenol, p-aminophenol, N-(β-hydroxyethyl>-p-aminophenol, and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)glycine). ,
There are 2-methyl-p-aminophenol, p-benzylaminophenol, etc., among which N-methyl-p-aminophenol is preferred.

The developing agent is preferably used in an amount of usually 0.01 mol/e to 1.2 mol/l.

Preservatives for sulfite used in the present invention include sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, rhidium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, potassium metabisulfite,
Examples include formaldehyde and sodium bisulfite. The amount of sulfite is preferably 0.2 mol/E or more, particularly 0.4 mol/E or more. Further, the upper limit is preferably 2.5 mol/l.

The pH of the developer used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 9 to 13. More preferably, the range is from p + -11O to 12.

Alkaline agents used for setting pl[ include pHm moderators such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, tribasic sodium phosphate, and tribasic potassium phosphate.

JP-A-61-186259 (Borate), JP-A-60
Buffers such as No.-93433 (eg, sucrose, acetoxime, 5-sulfosalicylic acid), phosphates, carbonates, etc. may be used.

Additives used in addition to the above components include development inhibitors such as sodium bromide, potassium bromide, and potassium iodide; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dimethyl formamide, methyl cellosolve, hexylene glycol, ethanol; Organic carriers such as methanol: 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrasol, 2-mercaptohenreimidazole
5 Mercapto compounds such as sodium sulfonate, 5
-Indazole compounds such as nitroindazole, 5-
It may contain an antifoggant such as a penttriazole compound such as methylhentriazole, and if necessary, a color toning agent, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, a water softener, and the like described in JP-A-56-106244. It may also contain amino compounds and the like.

In the present invention, silver stain preventive agents such as the compounds described in JP-A-56-24347 can be used in the developer.

In the developer of the present invention, amino compounds such as alkanolamines described in JP-A-56-106244 can be used.

In addition, F. A. Mason, “Photographic
"Processing Chemistry", Focal Press (1966), pp. 226-229, U.S. Patent No. 2,1
No. 93,015, No. 2592.364, JP-A No. 4E
Those described in No. 1-64933 may also be used.

The developer used for processing the photosensitive material of the present invention is as follows:
In addition to the above-mentioned developers that combine dihydroxyhensens and auxiliary developing agents, so-called Lith developers (developers that use hydroquinones as the developing agent and keep the concentration of sulfites as a preservative low) ) may be used, or the developer described in US Pat. No. 4,452,882 (
Contains dihydroxyhenzenes, does not contain auxiliary developing agent or contains it in an amount of 0.05 g/It or less, contains sulfite in a larger amount than Lith developer (0.25 mol/1 or more), and further 5- Alternatively, a developer containing 6-nitroindazole) may be used.

For use in the platemaking field (graph ink arts field),
It is necessary to achieve high contrast photographic properties. More specifically, the high-contrast photographic characteristics herein refer to those in which the gradation T is 4 or more.

Here, γ means the slope of the line connecting the points of density 0.1 and 3.0 on the photographic characteristic curve (D-10gE curve). When T is 4 or more, there is an advantage that a sharp and good image can be obtained when halftone dots or line drawings are formatted.

The fixer used in the present invention is an aqueous solution containing periosulfate and has a pH of 3.8 or higher, preferably 4.2 to 5.5.

Examples of the fixing agent include sodium periosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate, and ammonium thiosulfate is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of fixing speed. The amount of fixing agent used can be changed as appropriate, and is generally about 0. 1 to about 3 mol/1.

The fixer may also contain water-soluble aluminum salts that act as hardeners, such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, potassium alum, and the like.

In the fixing solution, tartaric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, or their N1 forms can be used alone or in combination. It is effective to use these compounds in a concentration of 0.005 mol or more per fixer solution, particularly 0.01 mol/l to 0.01 mol/l.
03 mol/1 is particularly effective.

The fixer may optionally contain preservatives (e.g. sulfites, bisulfites), pH buffers (e.g. acetic acid, boric acid), pi(
It can contain a conditioning agent (for example, sulfuric acid), a chelating agent with water softening ability, and a compound described in JP-A-62-78551.

In the present invention, the amount of fixing replenisher is 25 per gram of light-sensitive material.
〇- or less, especially 100- to 200-. As the fixing replenisher, it is preferable to use a solution having the same composition as the fixing solution.

Various types of automatic processors can be used in the present invention, such as a roller conveyance type and a belt a conveyance type, but roller conveyance type automatic processors are preferred. Also, JP-A-11
By using an automatic processor with a developing tank with a small aperture ratio as described in No. 66040 and Japanese Patent Application No. 63-18631, there is less air oxidation and development of the developer, and stable operation is possible in the processing environment. Furthermore, the amount of developer replenishment can be reduced.

A multistage countercurrent system (for example, two stages, three stages, etc.) has long been known as a method for reducing the amount of replenishment of washing water. If this multi-stage countercurrent method is applied to the present invention, the photosensitive material after fixing will be processed in a clean direction, that is, sequentially contacting the uncontaminated processing solution during fixing, which will further improve efficiency. Good washing is done.

In the above-mentioned water-saving treatment or piping-free treatment, it is preferable to apply anti-scaly measures in the order of washing water or stabilization.

As a means for preventing corrosion, there are the ultraviolet irradiation method described in JP-A No. 60-263939, the method using a magnetic field described in JP-A No. 6 (1263940), and the use of ion exchange resin described in JP-A No. 61-131632. How to make pure water, JP-A-62
No.-115154, No. 61-153952, JP-A-6
Methods using antibacterial agents described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-220951 and No. 62-209532 and silver ion release agents described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-91533 can be used.

Furthermore, L, F, 1Irest, “Water
Qualrty Cr1teria"Photo,
Sci, & Eng, Vol, 9 Fk6 (
1965), M.W., Beach, “Mi
crobiological growths
inMotion-picture Processes
sing” SMPTE Journal Vol.
85, (1976), R. O. Deegan, “P.
Hot.

Processing Wash Water
Biocides J, ImagingTe
chl O, N6 (1984) and JP-A-5785
No. 42, No. 57-58143, No. 58-105145
Antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, surfactants, and the like described in Japanese Patent No. 57-132146, Japanese No. 5818631, Japanese Japanese Patent No. 57-97530, Japanese Japanese Patent No. 57-157244, etc. can also be used in combination.

Furthermore, R, T in the water washing bath or stabilizing bath.

Kreinan, J. Image, Tech 1
0, (6) Isothiazoline compounds described in 242N (1984), Re5earch Disclosure
Isothiapurine compounds described in re Vol. 205, N1120526-(May 1981 issue), same No. 228
Volume, I! 122845 (April 1983 issue), compounds described in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-51396, etc. are used as antibacterial agents (Microbioc).
It can also be used in combination as ide).

In addition, compounds such as those described in ``Chemistry of Antibacterial and Antifungal Research'' by Hiroshi Horiguchi, Sankyo Publishing (1987), ``Handbook of Antibacterial and Antifungal Technology'', Japanese Society of Antibacterial and Antifungal Research, Hakuhodo (1988), May include.

When washing with a small amount of washing water in the method of the present invention, it is more preferable to provide a squeeze roller washing tank as described in JP-A-63-18350.

Further, it is also preferable to employ a water washing step configuration as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-143548.

Furthermore, part or all of the overflow from the washing or stabilizing bath caused by replenishing the washing or stabilizing bath according to the treatment with anti-scaly water according to the method of the present invention is (As described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-235133, it can also be used in a processing liquid having fixing ability, which is a processing step before that.

In the present invention, "developing process time" or "developing time" refers to the time from when the tip of the photosensitive feed to be processed is immersed in the developing tank solution of the automatic processor until it is immersed in the next fixing solution. is the time from immersion in the fixing tank liquid until immersion in the next washing tank liquid (stabilizing liquid), and ``washing time'' is the time during which it is immersed in the washing tank liquid.

In addition, "drying time" is usually 35°C-1 for automatic processors.
A drying zone is installed in which hot air of 00°C, preferably 40°C to 80°C is blown, and the term refers to the time spent in the drying zone.

In the development process in the present invention, the development time is 5 seconds to 3 minutes,
Preferably 8 seconds to 2 minutes, the developing temperature is 18°C to 50°C
is preferable, and 20°C to 40°C is more preferable.

According to the present invention, the fixing temperature and time range from about 8°C to about 50°C.
It is preferably 5 seconds to 3 minutes at 'C, and more preferably 6 seconds to 2 minutes at 20C to 40C. Within this range, sufficient fixation can be achieved and the sensitizing dye can be eluted to the extent that no residual color is produced.

The temperature and time in water washing (or stabilization bath) are 0 to 5
Preferably 6 seconds to 3 minutes at 0°C, 6 seconds to 3 minutes at 15°C to 40°C
2 minutes is more preferable.

According to the method of the present invention, the developed, fixed, and washed (or stabilized) photosensitive material is dried by squeezing out the washing water, that is, passing through a squeeze roller. Drying is approximately 0℃
The drying time is suitably changed depending on the surrounding conditions, but is usually about 5 seconds to 3 minutes, particularly preferably about 5 seconds to 2 minutes at 40 to 80 degrees Celsius.

When carrying out dry-to-dry development in 100 seconds or less using the photosensitive material/processing system of the present invention, a roller made of rubber material such as that described in JP-A-63151943 is used to prevent uneven development peculiar to rapid processing. It is possible to apply this to the roller at the outlet of the developing tank, and
As described in Japanese Patent No. 51944, the discharge flow rate for stirring the developer in the developer tank should be set to 10 m/min or more, and further, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-264758, In addition, it is more preferable to perform stronger stirring at least during development processing than during standby.

Furthermore, for rapid processing, it is more preferable that the rollers in the fixer tank are opposed rollers in order to increase the fixing speed. By using opposed rollers, the number of rollers can be reduced and the processing tank can be made smaller. In other words, it is possible to make the automatic processor more compact.

Examples are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 To an aqueous solution containing 75 g of gelatin, an aqueous solution of 1 kg of ^gNOz and an aqueous solution of KBr and NaCl were simultaneously added at a constant rate for 35 minutes. Various films as shown in Table 1 can be prepared by methods well known in the art, such as changing the halogen composition formed by changing the quantitative ratio of KBr and NaCj2, and controlling the particle size by controlling the temperature at the time of addition. It was created. These emulsions contain 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7- as a stabilizer.
Citrazaindene was added. This emulsion is further added with 5-[3
-Ethyl-thiazolinylideneethylidene]-3-carboxymethyl-rhodanine 280 μl was added, then l-hydroxy-3,5-dichloro I-riazine sodium salt was added as a hardening agent, and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid was used as a coating aid. Sodium salt was added and coated on a polyethylene terephthalate film support at a silver gelatin ratio of 1.5.

For the development process, roller conveyance type automatic development@F0680A manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. was used. LD-835 (manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) was added to the 50% blackened film at a ratio of 320 parts, and LF 308 (manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) was added to 200 parts for fixing.
It was replenished at a ratio of 1R1 and treated for 200m. An automatic processor was set at a speed such that the developing time was 20 seconds at 38° C., and the various films shown in Table 1 were processed without being exposed to light, and the state of fixation missing was evaluated. In Table 1, the unfixed state x indicates that undissolved silver halide remains in the film and is at an impractical level. ○ indicates that the silver halide in the film has been removed and has been sufficiently fixed.

As shown in Table 1, silver chloride 7 is the treatment method of the present invention.
0 mol% (silver bromide 30 mol%) coating! Fit amount 2.7g
/lri' indicates that fixing is sufficient with fixing replenishment of 200 d/m. Furthermore, when the processing time of this example was further shortened to shorten the development time from 20 seconds to 15 seconds, film D was sufficiently fixed, but film C remained undissolved silver halide. was.

It has been shown that smaller silver halide grain sizes are more preferred.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a method of processing a transmission type black and white silver halide photosensitive material using an automatic processor, the photosensitive material has a silver chloride content of 50%.
having an emulsion layer consisting of a silver halide emulsion of mol% or more,
The amount of coated silver per 1 m^2 of the photosensitive material is 2.8 g or less, and the amount of fixer replenishment is 2.8 g or less per 1 m^2 of the photosensitive material.
A method for processing a black and white silver halide photosensitive material, characterized in that the volume is 50 ml or less.