JPH0941506A - Building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize the temperature change of building itself for air conditioning by connecting an underfloor space, in which cold storage and heat storage are enabled, and an attic space through a ventilating duct in a high heat-insulating high-airtight building. SOLUTION: Warm air in an attic space 1b warmed by solar radiation 7 in the daytime is stored on earthen-floor concrete 15 in an underfloor space 2 by operating a ventilating duct 4 while being circulated into each room 1a through ventilating louvers 3 and the temerature of the whole building 1 is elevated at the time of the winter season, heat dissipated from earthen-floor concrete 15 is circulated after sunset, and the temperature is not lowered suddenly. The ventilating duct 4 is operated so that air is blasted in the direction of the attic space 1b from the underfloor space 2 in the summer season. At night windows 8 in a second floor section are opened, and the cooled outside air is circulated to each room 1a to cool the room 1a while cold is stored on the earthen-floor concrete 15 in the underfloor space 2 through the ventilating louvers 3. The attic space 1b is cooled by the air through the ventilating duct 4, and discharged to the outside through the ventilating louvers 3 and the windows 8. The cold air on the earthen-floor concrete 15, in which cold is stored, is circulated to the ventilating duct 4 in the daytime.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building capable of air-conditioning by a so-called passive effect, which utilizes a temperature change of the building itself which moves up and down by sunlight.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, Japanese wooden buildings were designed for summer, so they lacked heat insulation and airtightness, and were cool in summer but cold in winter. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
The natural room temperature a of a building in winter rapidly rises due to solar radiation from the sun during the day, but falls as the sun sets and approaches the outside temperature b, resulting in a large temperature difference between day and night.

Therefore, conventionally, highly heat-insulating and airtight buildings in which heat insulation and airtightness are improved by using a heat insulating material or an aluminum sash have been widely used.

[0004]

However, in the case of the conventional building described above, the natural room temperature c of the building in winter is relatively higher than the natural room temperature a of the wooden building, but the fluctuation of the natural room temperature c of day and night. The width d is almost the same as the fluctuation width e of the natural room temperature a in the case of a wooden building. Therefore, in any case, the temperature difference is large and a comfortable living space cannot be obtained.

For this reason, air-conditioning control of the entire building is also performed, but in this case, a large-scale air-conditioning device is required and running costs increase.

[0006] In addition, although heating is performed in each room by an open type combustion appliance such as oil or gas stove, in this case, it is necessary to move from a room that is heated to another room that is not heated. At that time, the body will be directly affected by the temperature difference. In addition, it is not a healthy space because the air gets dirty due to heating.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building which has cold storage and heat storage properties under the floor and can be effectively used for air conditioning.

[0008]

A building of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a building having high heat insulation and airtightness.
Insulating material is laid on the underfloor base, and the underfloor space where the cool storage heat storage material that can store and store heat is installed on this insulating material, and the ventilation gallery that connects each room from this underfloor space to the attic It is provided with a ventilation duct provided between the space and the attic and for blowing air between the underfloor space and the attic. In addition, a heat exchange type ventilation fan and an air conditioner are provided in the back of the cottage.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of the overall construction of the building 1.

That is, the building 1 is provided with an underfloor space 2 capable of storing and storing heat, a ventilation gallery 3 and a blower duct 4.

The building 1 has a so-called external heat insulating structure in which a wall material and a ceiling material of a heat insulating panel 12 are attached to the outside of a wooden frame 11 to make the whole highly airtight and highly heat insulating. The heat insulating panel 12 is also provided so as to surround the outer peripheral foundation 13 of the outer peripheral portion of the building 1. Also,
A heat insulating material 14 is also laid on the underfloor substrate inside the outer peripheral foundation 13 so that the inside of the building 1 is completely insulated from the outside. However, the building 1 is not limited to such a wooden outer heat insulating structure as long as it has high airtightness and high heat insulating properties, and may be a steel frame building 1.

On the surface of the heat insulating material 14 inside the outer peripheral foundation 13 of this building 1, earth concrete 15 is cast, and the space closed by the earth concrete 15 and the floor material 16 constitutes the underfloor space 2. ing. And
By forming a flow of air in the underfloor space 2, cold storage and heat storage in the soil concrete 15 and use of the cold storage or the stored cold air or warm air are performed.
Therefore, as the underfloor space 2, if the space is too wide, the air does not flow smoothly, and there are some places where the air stays.
It is configured in consideration of these. For example, when pouring the soil concrete 15, a recess 15a or a groove (not shown) for adjusting the flow of air may be formed.

In addition to the soil concrete 15, a cool heat storage material other than the soil concrete 15 may be used as long as it has a sufficient heat capacity and can store and store heat. However, in the case of a concrete material such as the soil concrete 15, the material can be shared with the outer peripheral foundation 13, so that the workability can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ventilation gallery 3 is provided on a floor material 16 facing the window of a room 1a such as a dining room and a living room on the first floor of the building 1, and these rooms 1a are And the underfloor space 2 are communicated with each other. In addition, each room 1a on the second floor of the building 1
The doors 17 and the ceiling material 18 are also provided.
And thereby, each room 1a from the above-mentioned underfloor space 2 to the attic 1b of the building 1 is connected.

The blower duct 4 is composed of a long tubular body 41, and a reversibly rotatable fan 42 is provided inside thereof. This blower duct 4 has an underfloor space 2 and an attic 1
It is inserted in the partition storage 19 on the first and second floors of the building 1 so as to communicate with the space b, and sends the air in the attic 1b to the underfloor space 2 or the air in the underfloor space 2 to the attic 1b.
It can be sent to.

In this embodiment, the blower duct 4 is inserted inside the partition storage 19.
May be configured to pass through the inside of the closet, or may be exposed in the room and formed like a pillar.

Further, the building 1 constructed in this way
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the air conditioner can be assisted by providing the heat exchange type ventilation fan 5 and the cooling / heating device 6 in the attic 1b.

Next, an air conditioning method by the building 1 will be described.

First, in winter, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the air duct 4 is operated so that air is blown from the attic 1b toward the underfloor space 2. Then, the air warmed by the sunlight 7 in the daytime gathers in the attic 1b, so that the warm air in the attic 1b passes through the ventilation duct 4 to the underfloor space 2
The heat is stored in the soil concrete 15 and is circulated to each room 1a through the ventilation gallery 3, so that the temperature of the entire building 1 is increased. At this time, the soil concrete 15
By storing heat in the room temperature, a rapid rise in room temperature is suppressed. Then, after the sun goes down, the heat radiation from the stored soil concrete 15 is circulated to each room 1a through the ventilation gallery 3 and the temperature of the entire building 1 does not suddenly decrease. In this case, by operating the heat exchange type ventilation fan 5, fresh air circulates in the building 1.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the fluctuation range D of the natural room temperature 10 with respect to the change of the outside air temperature b in one day is compared with the fluctuation range d of the natural room temperature c in a normal building with high heat insulation and airtightness. Even so, the natural room temperature 10 becomes the highest, and the room temperature until the time of going to bed is improved. Moreover, since the entire building 1 becomes warm, the building 1 does not feel cold even at a relatively low natural room temperature 10. Therefore, on a sunny day, there is almost no need for heating, and as shown in Fig. 3 (b), the air conditioner 6 in the attic 1b can be used as an auxiliary device only during times when people feel cold, such as on a cloudy or rainy day. It would be good to heat the room.

Further, in the summer season, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the air duct 4 is operated so that air is blown from the underfloor space 2 toward the attic 1b. Then, at night, the window 8 on the second floor of the building 1 is opened. Then, the cold outside air at night is circulated to each room 1a through the window 8 and each room 1a
Is cooled and stored in the soil concrete 15 in the underfloor space 2 via the ventilation gallery 3. After that, the attic 1b is cooled through the air duct 4 and then discharged to the outside air through the ventilation gallery 3 and the window 8. Then, during the daytime, the cold air cooled by the stored soil concrete 15 cools not only the first floor but also the attic 1b through the ventilation duct 4, so if the sunlight is blocked and ventilation is improved, Building 1 will not feel the heat even if the room temperature is high. If it is still hot, window 8 as shown in Fig. 5 (b)
Is closed, and the cooling / heating device 6 may be used for auxiliary cooling. In this case, by operating the heat exchange type ventilation fan 5, fresh air circulates in the building 1.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, in winter, air is blown from the attic to the underfloor space by a ventilation duct to store heat generated by solar radiation in the underfloor space. This suppresses the rapid temperature rise in the room and circulates the accumulated heat to each room through the ventilation gallery, thereby preventing a rapid decrease in room temperature after sunset. Also, in the summer, air is blown from the underfloor space to the attic by a ventilation duct to store the cool air taken in through windows at night in the underfloor space through a ventilation gallery,
This stored cool air can cool the first floor, and at the same time, the air can be blown to the attic through the air duct to cool the attic. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a sudden drop in room temperature after sunset in the winter and a sudden rise in temperature due to solar radiation in the summer, so that the entire building is kept at a stable room temperature with a small temperature difference throughout the whole day and year. It can be kept and made a comfortable living space.

Further, according to the present invention of claim 2, a heat exchange type ventilation fan provided in the back of the hut keeps cool air or warm air circulating in each room in the building fresh and provides a more comfortable and healthy living space. can do. In addition, since the addition of air conditioning and heating is small and the operating time is shortened due to the high heat insulation and airtightness and the passive effect due to the architectural design, the temperature of the entire room in the building can be kept at a low running cost without using a large-scale air conditioning system. It becomes possible to make adjustments.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the outline of the overall structure of a building.

2 (a) and 2 (b) are plan views showing the floor plan of the first and second floors of the building. FIG.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are cross-sectional views of the building illustrating the daytime and nighttime heating states of the building.

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a temperature change due to heating.

5 (a) and 5 (b) are cross-sectional views of the building for explaining nighttime and daytime cooling states of the building.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a temperature change of a conventional building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Building 1a Room 1b Attic 14 Insulation material 15 Dirt concrete (Cool storage material) 2 Underfloor space 3 Ventilation louver 4 Blower duct 5 Heat exchange type ventilation fan 6 Air conditioner

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An underfloor space in which a heat insulating material is laid on an underfloor substrate, and a cold storage heat storage material capable of storing cold and heat is provided on the heat insulating material, and an underfloor space in the building having high heat insulation and high airtightness. And a ventilation gallery that communicates each room from the attic to the attic, and a ventilation duct that is provided between the underfloor space and the attic and blows air between the underfloor space and the attic. building. 2. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchange type ventilation fan and an air conditioner in the back of the cottage.