JPH0443172B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) This invention uses the temperature of the air in the attic to rise due to solar heat in the winter to raise the temperature of outside air introduced indoors, and This invention relates to a ventilation system for a building that ventilates the attic and creates a comfortable indoor environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer.

(Prior art and its problems) Traditionally, especially in cold regions during the winter, heating equipment such as stoves are used indoors and the room is closed, so indoor air tends to become polluted. There was a problem in that warm air inside the room was wasted and exhausted outside, causing a rapid drop in room temperature due to the inflow of cold outside air.

On the other hand, in the summer, when the roof is heated by the sun's heat, hot air is trapped in the attic, making a one-story house or a room on the top floor of a multi-story building extremely hot, even with air conditioning. The problem was that it was extremely inefficient.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.In the winter, the introduced outside air is heat-exchanged with geothermal heat and indoor exhaust air under the floor of the building, and is further heated by solar heat. The air in the attic is combined or heat exchanged to supply warm air into the room.In the summer, the attic air is ventilated to prevent heat accumulation, and the introduced outside air is exchanged with indoor exhaust and geothermal heat. The purpose of this project is to provide a ventilation system that can supply cool air into a room by using air conditioning, thereby making the indoor environment more comfortable throughout the seasons and reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the indoor ventilation system according to the present invention includes a heat exchange chamber 3 (FIG. 4) under the floor of the building, and connects the inside of the heat exchange chamber 3 with the outside air inlet 5. An outside air introduction pipe 4 that communicates with the interior of the building and an air supply pipe 6 that communicates the inside of the heat exchange room 3 with the building interior 8 are provided, and an indoor exhaust port 10 in the ceiling is provided.
An exhaust pipe 9 with an exhaust fan 12 leading to the outdoor exhaust port 11 via the inside of the heat exchange room 3 is provided, while a ridge duct 15 is formed in the building ridge 1c, and an end of the ridge duct 15 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, an air outlet 17 is provided between the roof board 25a and the shedding board 25b, and a wind passage 26 leading from the eaves air supply port 27 to the ridge duct 15 is provided.
and a vent 22 that communicates between the attic space 20 and the ridge duct 15 and a soffit air supply port 24 that communicates the attic space 20 with the outdoors,
In addition, a communication duct 18 is provided to communicate the ridge duct 15 with the inside of the heat exchange room 3, and a shutter 23 for opening and closing the soffit air supply port 24 is also provided, and a shutter 23 is provided to selectively connect the ridge duct 15 to the exhaust port 17 or the communication duct 18. A shutter 19 is provided for communication.

Another ventilation system according to the present invention is characterized in that a communication duct 18 is provided to communicate the ridge duct 15 and the exhaust pipe 9.

(Embodiments) The present invention will be described below based on illustrated embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the building 1 has an underground 2 under the floor surrounded by its concrete foundation frame 1a.
A heat exchange room 3 is provided in the building, and the inside of the heat exchange room 3 communicates with an outside air inlet 5 provided on the outdoor side of the building through an outside air introduction pipe 4 placed underground 2, and an air supply pipe 6. It communicates with the indoor room 8 via an indoor air supply port 7 provided on the indoor floor. 9 is an exhaust pipe, which is an indoor exhaust port 1 provided in the indoor ceiling.
0 is connected to an outdoor exhaust port 11 provided on the outdoor side via the inside of the heat exchange room 3, and inside the heat exchange room 3, a heat exchange part 9a is formed which is bent in a folded shape. An exhaust fan 12 is interposed between the exhaust port 3 and the outdoor exhaust port 11. Reference numeral 13 denotes the back side of the indoor ceiling panel 14a and both indoor and outdoor wall panels 1.
A heat insulating material layer provided between 4b and 14c, and 14d are floorboards placed on the earthen concrete floor 1b.

On the other hand, a ridge duct 15 is formed inside the ridge 1c of the building 1 over its entire length, and an exhaust port 17 with an exhaust fan 16 that opens downward is provided at one end, that is, the gable surface of the ridge duct 15. It is being Reference numeral 18 denotes a communication duct installed vertically along the outer wall surface of the building 1. One end communicates with the ridge duct 15 at a position close to the exhaust port 17, and the other end communicates with outside air in the underground 2 under the floor of the building. It is communicatively connected to the introduction pipe 5. An opening/closing damper-type shutter 19 is provided in the communication part of the communication duct 18 with the ridge duct 15, and in its horizontal position it blocks the communication part, and in its vertical position it blocks the communication part between the ridge duct 15 and the exhaust port 17. It is designed to block the gap between In addition, the attic space 20 is connected to the ridge duct 1 via an appropriate fitting 21 at the top of the attic space 20.
5 has a ventilation hole 22 communicating with the entire length thereof, and eave air supply holes 24 communicating with the outdoors via shutters 23 are provided at the lower portions of both sides. Furthermore, on the roof part of the building 1, there are a roof board 25a and a roof board 25.
A wind passage 26 is formed between the air passage 2 and b.
6, the eaves air supply port 27 and the ridge duct 15 are communicated with each other. 25c is roofing material.

In the above configuration, in winter, the shutter 19 is moved to the position shown by the solid line as shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust port 17 is closed and the communication duct 18 is opened, and the shutter 23 (FIG. 2) is moved to the position shown by the solid line. The exhaust pipe 9 is closed and the exhaust fan 12 of the exhaust pipe 9 is driven.
As a result, the air heated by heating the indoor air flows into the exhaust pipe 9 through the indoor exhaust port 10 and is discharged to the outside through the outdoor exhaust port 11.
Due to the pressure reduction, outside air flows into the heat exchange chamber 3 from the outside air inlet 5 through the outside air introduction pipe 4, and at the same time,
Outside air that has flowed in from the eaves air supply opening 27 (Fig. 2) flows into the ridge duct 15 from the wind duct 26 and is then connected to the connecting duct 1.
8, joins the outside air from the outside air inlet 5, enters the heat exchange room, passes through the air supply pipe 6, and is discharged indoors 8 from the indoor air supply port 7. Here, since the roof of the building 1 is heated by sunlight even in winter, the outside air flowing in from the eaves air supply opening 27 is
The solar heat is collected in the ridge duct 15 to raise the temperature, and the air is merged with outside air from the outside air introduction port 5 inside the outside air introduction pipe 4. The combined outside air exchanges heat with the warm exhaust gas passing through the heat exchange part 9a of the exhaust pipe 9 in the heat exchange chamber 3, further increases in temperature, and is discharged into the room 8 from the indoor air supply port 7 as warm air. be done. Moreover, the air in the attic space 20 does not move because the shutter 23 is closed, and functions as a heat insulating layer that prevents the heat inside the room 8 from dissipating to the outside.

In addition, in the underground 2 under the building floor, the ground temperature is always maintained higher than the outside air temperature in winter, and the heat inside the building 8 is transmitted through the floor.
It maintains a fairly high temperature. Therefore, even in the process of passing through the outside air introduction pipe 4, the introduced outside air exchanges heat with the geothermal heat and rises in temperature. Moreover, even if the outside air after the above-mentioned merging has already reached a higher temperature than the geothermal heat, the temperature drop during the process of passing through the outside air introduction pipe 4 is extremely small.

On the other hand, in the summer, the shutter 19 is moved to the position shown in the dashed line in FIG. 12
The exhaust fan 16 of the exhaust port 17 is driven. As a result, the air in the indoor room 8 is discharged from the indoor exhaust port 10 through the exhaust pipe 9 to the outside from the outdoor exhaust port 11, and due to the depressurization of the indoor room 8 due to this exhaust air, the outside air is brought out from the outside air inlet port 5 into the outside air inlet pipe. 4 into the heat exchange chamber 3 , passes through the air supply pipe 6 and is discharged indoors 8 from the indoor air supply port 7 . However, exhaust fan 1
6, the air in the ridge duct 15 is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 17, so that the attic space 20
In the case, internal air flows out from the air vent 22 to the ridge duct 15, and outside air flows in through the eave air supply port 23 for ventilation, and also in the wind duct 26, outside air flows in from the eaves air supply port 27. Eaves duct 15
flow inward.

Here, the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port 5 is as follows:
Since the underground 2 under the floor of the building is always maintained at a lower temperature than the outside air temperature in the summer, the temperature is lowered by exchanging heat with the geothermal heat as it passes through the outside air introduction pipe 4, and then inside the heat exchange room 3, the exhaust pipe 9 The temperature is further lowered by exchanging heat with the exhaust air cooled by the indoor air conditioner passing through the air, and the cooled air is discharged into the room 8 from the indoor air supply port 7. Therefore, in the attic space 20, the internal air is continuously exhausted while being replaced with outside air, so that hot air does not accumulate, and the cooling effect of the outside air flowing through the wind duct 26 causes solar heat to be generated on the roof of the building 1. heat accumulation is avoided. Therefore, the indoor space 8 is no longer heated from the ceiling side, and the cooling efficiency is significantly improved.

Note that the communication duct 18 may be directly connected to the heat exchange room 3 without being connected to the outside air introduction pipe 4, and the connection position with the ridge duct 15 is not limited to the example shown, but can be set arbitrarily, and the piping can be connected to the building. It may be done through the interior 8 instead of outside. However, the illustrated shutter 19
is shared by the exhaust port 17 and the connecting duct 18, but if the connecting position of the connecting duct 18 and the ridge duct 15 is set at a position away from the exhaust port 17, the exhaust port 1
7 and the communication duct 18 may be provided separately. Further, a plurality of air supply pipes 6 can be installed depending on the size of the room 8 and the number of rooms, and the indoor air supply port 7 can also be provided on a wall surface.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is the same as in FIGS. 1 to 4 except that the outflow side end of the communication duct 18 is connected to the exhaust pipe 9 in the underground 2. The configuration is similar to the embodiment. In such a configuration, when the exhaust fan 12 is driven in winter with the exhaust port 17 closed by the shutter 19 and the shutter 23 closed, the air duct 26 is opened from the eaves air supply port 27 shown in FIG. The outside air flowing into the ridge duct 15 passes through the communication duct 18, joins with the exhaust air from the exhaust pipe 9, and is discharged to the outside from the outdoor exhaust port 11 without flowing into the indoor room 8. Therefore, only the outside air that flows in from the outside air inlet 5 is released into the indoor room 8, but this outside air is discharged inside the heat exchange room 3 by warm exhaust air from the heating in the exhaust pipe 9 and solar heat collection on the roof. Because it exchanges heat with the heated outside air introduced from the communication duct 18, the temperature rises significantly and is discharged into the room 8 as warm air. On the other hand, in the summer, the mode is exactly the same as that of the above embodiment.

In the present invention, either a manual opening/closing method or an automatic opening/closing method can be adopted for the shutters 19 and 23, but a shutter that uses a shape memory alloy and automatically opens and closes after reaching a set temperature is particularly useful. Figures 6 and 7 show an example of an unrivaled window type shutter using this shape memory alloy, which includes long frame members 28a, 28a and short frame members 28b, 28b each having a substantially I-shaped cross section. A fixing plate 3 having a large number of slit-shaped openings 30a and 31a arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction inside a rectangular frame 28 connected with screws via a substantially triangular connecting plate 29.
0 and the slide plate 31 are fitted in an overlapping state. Thus, a projecting piece 32 is fixed to the side edge of the slide plate 31 at the longitudinal center position, and the rectangular frame 28
Brackets 33a, 3 made of two L-shaped plates are mounted on one long frame member 28a with a protruding piece 32 in between.
3b is fixed with screws, and a shape memory alloy coil spring 34 is engaged between one bracket 33a and the protrusion 32, and a normal coil spring 34 is fixed between the other bracket 33b and the protrusion 32. A coil spring 35 made of phosphor bronze or the like is attached. Reference numeral 36 indicates an insect repellent net stretched over the surface of the rectangular frame 28 opposite to the slide plate 31, and 37 indicates the rectangular frame 2.
A silicone caulking material is filled in the fitting portion between 8 and the fixed plate 30, and 38 is a rubber wedge fitted into the outer peripheral groove of the rectangular frame 28.

The coil spring 34 has a shape stored in its manufacturing process that is shortened on the low temperature side and expanded on the high temperature side, for example, at 25°C, and the spring force at the low temperature is greater than that of the normal coil spring 35. is also set to be large. Therefore, at low temperatures, the slide plate 31 is located on the coil spring 34 side, that is, on the left side in the figure, and in this position, the openings 30 of the fixed plate 30 and the slide plate 31 are closed.
a and 31a are shifted from each other, and the shutter is closed. On the other hand, when the temperature rises and exceeds 25℃,
The coil spring 35 is automatically displaced to the extended state, and the spring force of the coil spring 35 overcomes, and the slide plate 31 moves to the right in the figure, so that the openings 30a and 31a of the fixed plate 30 and the slide plate 31 are in the same position. The top and bottom are transparent and the shutter is opened.

In addition, when applying the above automatic shutter to the exhaust port 17 and the communication duct 18, please refer to Figs. 4 and 5.
Instead of the combined type shutter 19 as shown in the figure, separate automatic shutters may be provided.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the building ventilation system according to the present invention, in winter, the introduced outside air is exchanged with geothermal heat and warm exhaust heat from indoors, and also with air heated by solar heat in the attic. The temperature is raised by the confluence of
It can supply warm air indoors, and the attic space functions as a heat insulating layer that prevents heat from dissipating to the outside.In the summer, the attic space prevents hot air from building up due to solar heat through ventilation and air cooling. It is possible to reduce the temperature of introduced outside air through heat exchange with geothermal heat and exhaust gas, and supply it indoors as cold air.
As a result, it is possible to create a comfortable indoor environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer.

Further, according to another ventilation system of the present invention, in the heat exchange of the introduced outside air in the heat exchange room during the winter, the introduced outside air is heat exchanged with the warm exhaust air from indoors and the air heated by the solar heat in the attic. As a result, fresh, warm air with a higher temperature can be supplied indoors.

Further, the ventilation system of the present invention has the advantage that it can be operated only by driving the exhaust fan, and the operating cost is extremely low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention,
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a building equipped with a ventilation system, Figure 2 is a longitudinal side view of the roof, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-section of the entire building. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the entire building in another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a shutter, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 6. . 1... building, 1c... ridge, 3... heat exchange room,
4...Outside air introduction pipe, 5...Outside air inlet, 6...Air supply pipe, 8...Indoor, 9...Exhaust pipe, 10...Indoor exhaust port, 11...Outdoor exhaust port, 12...Exhaust fan , 15... Building duct, 16... Exhaust fan, 1
7...Exhaust port, 18...Connection duct, 19...Shutter, 20...Attic space, 22...Vent, 23...Shutter, 24...Soffit air supply port,
25a...Roof board, 25b...Shell board, 26...
Wind path, 27...Eave air supply opening.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchange room 3 is provided under the floor of a building, and the heat exchange room 3
An outside air introduction pipe 4 that communicates between the inside and the outside air inlet 5 and an air supply pipe 6 that communicates between the inside of the heat exchange room 3 and the inside of the building 8 are provided, and the heat is removed from the indoor exhaust port 10 in the ceiling. An exhaust pipe 9 with an exhaust fan 12 leading to the outdoor exhaust port 11 via the exchange room 3 is provided, while a ridge duct 15 is formed in the building ridge.
An exhaust port 17 is provided at the end of the ridge duct 15, and an eave air supply port 27 is provided between the roof board 25a and the roof board 25b.
A wind passage 26 leading to the ridge duct 15 is provided, and a ventilation hole 22 that communicates between the attic space 20 and the ridge duct 15 and a soffit air supply port 24 that communicates the attic space 20 with the outdoors are provided. Duct 1
5 and the inside of the heat exchange chamber 3 are connected to each other.
8, and a shutter 23 for opening and closing the soffit air supply port 24, and a shutter 19 for selectively connecting the ridge duct 15 to the exhaust port 17 or the connecting duct 18.
Ventilation system for buildings equipped with 2 A heat exchange room 3 is provided under the floor of the building, and the heat exchange room 3
An outside air introduction pipe 4 that communicates between the inside and the outside air inlet 5 and an air supply pipe 6 that communicates between the inside of the heat exchange room 3 and the inside of the building 8 are provided, and the heat is removed from the indoor exhaust port 10 in the ceiling. An exhaust pipe 9 with an exhaust fan 12 leading to the outdoor exhaust port 11 via the exchange room 3 is provided, while a ridge duct 15 is formed in the building ridge.
An exhaust port 17 is provided at the end of the ridge duct 15, and an eave air supply port 27 is provided between the roof board 25a and the roof board 25b.
A wind passage 26 leading to the ridge duct 15 is provided, and a ventilation hole 22 that communicates between the attic space 20 and the ridge duct 15 and a soffit air supply port 24 that communicates the attic space 20 with the outdoors are provided. Duct 1
5 and the exhaust pipe 9 is provided, and a shutter 23 for opening and closing the soffit air supply port 24 and a shutter 19 for selectively connecting the ridge duct 15 to the exhaust port 17 or the communication duct 18 are provided. A ventilation system for a building.