JPH08338259A - Pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify the whole device and reduce the operation cost of the device by providing a combustor for introducing and burning pulverized coal, a blade for introducing compressed air, and a moving blade rotated by the exhaust gas from the combustor. CONSTITUTION: The coal carried by a coal carrier 1 is landed on a coal yard 3 by a coal unloader 2, carried to a coal banker 5 by a conveyor 4, put into a grinder (mill) 6, and pulverized into pulverized coal. The resulting pulverized coal is force-fed in a pulverized coal pipe 7 by the high pressure air from a feed source, and injected into a combustor 10. It is mixed with combustion air in a preset optimum ratio followed by burning, and a combustion turbine 11 is rotated by the generated combustion gas to drive an air compressor 9 and a generator 100. The waste heat gas after rotating the turbine 11 is sent to a waste heat boiler 120 to generate steam, the resulting steam is supplied to a steam turbine 150 through a steam pipe 150 to rotate it, and a coaxial generator 170 is driven to generate electricity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion turbine in which pulverized coal is directly injected and combusted in a combustor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional combustion turbine is a so-called gas turbine, which uses a gas fuel such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, city gas, mine gas, coke oven gas, or blast furnace gas, and will be further developed. It used liquid fuel such as kerosene, light oil, naphtha or heavy oil.

There is a further development in which coal is steamed under high temperature and high pressure conditions to be gasified and the coal gas is burned to operate a gas turbine. However, solid fuel such as coal is directly used as a solid in a combustor. There is no real thing to burn.

[0004]

As described above, the conventional combustion turbine mainly uses petroleum products as fuel, and this fuel is secondary refined and very expensive. Further, in a combustion turbine of the type in which coal is gasified into fuel, the gasifier itself is complicated and expensive.

On the other hand, solid fuel coal, which has existed as a typical fuel in the past, has not been used for direct combustion in a combustion turbine, but it is cheap and attractive.

In view of the above situation, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned fatal economic problems of the conventional combustion turbine and obtain an inexpensive combustion turbine by using coal as a fuel. It is a thing.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and includes a combustor for introducing and burning finely pulverized coal, a blade for introducing compressed air, and the above combustor. The present invention provides a pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine having a moving blade that is rotated by exhaust gas.

Further, the present invention provides an exhaust gas boiler and a steam turbine which is rotated by the steam generated in the exhaust gas boiler, and is arranged upstream of the exhaust gas boiler to supply a pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine for supplying the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas boiler. It is provided.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine in which the flow passage surface for combustion gas is entirely made into ceramics.

[0010]

The function of the present invention is basically that coal as a fuel is pulverized. The recent technological progress is to pulverize solid matter such as coal into ultrafine particles, and to select the required combustion condition from various temperature ranges, various combustion speeds, etc. when burning coal in a furnace. Burning in, etc. is almost completed.

Therefore, when coal pulverized into ultrafine particles is directly injected into a combustor and burned, pulverized coal is burned at high speed, that is, explosive combustion is performed, and combustion exhaust gas is generated. This combustion exhaust gas is injected toward the moving blades of the turbine together with compressed air created by a separately provided compressor,
Rotate the turbine.

Further, in the present invention, since the turbine exhaust gas after having worked in the turbine as described above has a high temperature and contains a large amount of unburned components, this is introduced into the exhaust gas boiler and burned, The steam generated in the exhaust gas boiler is introduced into a steam turbine to rotate it.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the ash and unburned solids produced by the direct combustion of pulverized coal in the combustor flow to the downstream side together with the combustion exhaust gas, so that the turbine corresponding to the passage of this combustion exhaust gas is provided. The inner surface and the like of the are covered with ceramics.

Recent technological advances have been remarkable in the field of materials such as ceramics, and various super wear-resistant and super heat-resistant ceramics exist in reality.

By selecting an appropriate ceramic material from among them and covering the surface of the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas with the same ceramic, it is possible to sufficiently flow against the high temperature of the combustion exhaust gas and the ash content and unburned solid content mixed therein. The road is safely protected and a stable exhaust gas flow is secured.

[0016]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The coal carried by the coal ship (1) is unloaded on the coal storage yard (3) by the coal lifter (2). The landed coal is transported to the coal bunker (5) by the conveyor (4) and is crushed by a crusher (mill).
It is put into (6) and pulverized into fine powder. The pulverized fine powder is pulverized coal pipe (7) with high pressure air from a supply source (not shown).
Is pumped through and injected into the combustor (10).

The pulverized coal directly injected into the combustor (10) is mixed with combustion air at an optimum preset ratio to perform explosive combustion, rotate the turbine (12), and connect with the turbine (12). The generated generator (100) is rotated to generate electricity.

The generator (100) of the turbine (12)
An air compressor (9) is connected to the end opposite to the connecting end coaxially with the turbine (12) and sucks and compresses the air (8) to generate combustion air required in the combustor (10). And the compressed air required by the turbine (12).

Further, in the inside of the turbine (12), the surface of the portion of the combustion exhaust gas of the combustor (10) that starts from the inlet portion and contacts the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas such as moving blades and vanes is entirely covered. Since it is covered with ceramics all over, heat resistance and wear resistance are sufficiently secured even if the combustion exhaust gas at high temperature and in which unburned parts of ash and pulverized coal remain coexist.

The exhaust heat gas after rotating the turbine as described above passes through the exhaust gas duct (110) and is discharged into the exhaust heat boiler.
(120) generates steam, and the steam passing through the steam pipe (150) rotates the steam turbine (160) to rotate the coaxial generator (17
0) generates electricity. The exhaust gas, which has undergone heat exchange in the exhaust heat boiler (120), collects soot and dust in the electric dust collector (130) and is released from the chimney (140) to the atmosphere.

As described above, according to this embodiment, pulverized coal is used as the fuel to be burned in the combustor, and since the pulverized coal is directly burned, it is not necessary to attach a gasifier or the like, and the initial The cost and operating cost are greatly reduced.

The finer the pulverization, the wider the selection range of the combustion mode and the smaller the particle size of the ash generated as a result of the combustion, and the problem of abrasion resistance in the downstream equipment becomes easier to solve.

Although the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications may be made to the concrete structure within the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

[0024]

In summary, according to the present invention, the coal is finely pulverized and directly combusted in the combustor, and the turbine is rotated by the expansion action of the flue gas, so that the entire apparatus can be simplified. ， It was possible to obtain an economically excellent system by significantly reducing the operating cost of the device.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2 of the present application, it is possible to effectively utilize the unburned matter remaining in the exhaust gas of the combustion turbine and recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas to further improve the economic efficiency. Is.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3 of the present application, in combustion of pulverized coal, ash generally promotes wear of turbine blades, etc. By reducing the particle size of the particles, the collision energy can be reduced, and by improving the heat resistance and wear resistance by making the turbine blade and the like ceramic, the pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine of the present invention can be put to practical use without problems. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Crusher 7 Pulverized coal tube 9 Air compressor 10 Combustor 11 Turbine 120 Exhaust heat boiler 160 Steam turbine

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fine powder comprising a combustor for introducing and combusting finely pulverized coal, a blade for introducing compressed air, and a moving blade that is rotated by exhaust gas from the combustor. Charcoal direct injection combustion turbine. 2. The exhaust gas boiler and a steam turbine rotated by the steam generated in the exhaust gas boiler are provided, and the exhaust gas boiler is arranged upstream of the exhaust gas boiler to supply the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas boiler. Pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine. 3. The pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion gas passage surface is entirely made of ceramics.