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JP2010236471A - Power generation system effectively using exhaust gas - Google Patents

Power generation system effectively using exhaust gas Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2010236471A
JP2010236471A JP2009087072A JP2009087072A JP2010236471A JP 2010236471 A JP2010236471 A JP 2010236471A JP 2009087072 A JP2009087072 A JP 2009087072A JP 2009087072 A JP2009087072 A JP 2009087072A JP 2010236471 A JP2010236471 A JP 2010236471A
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power generation
exhaust gas
generation system
boiler
internal combustion
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JP5420295B2 (en
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Hisaki Yamazaki
寿樹 山▲崎▼
Yoshihisa Shimizu
嘉久 清水
Yukimasa Yamamura
幸政 山村
Terushi Nakamura
昭史 中村
Hidetsugu Kiyonaga
英嗣 清永
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generation system effectively using an unburnt fuel component in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine. <P>SOLUTION: This power generation system includes: the internal combustion engine 100 including a combustion section 101 and a power generation section 102; and a boiler 200. The unburnt fuel component in the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is burnt as fuel in the boiler. Thereby, it is possible to effectively use the fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、内燃機関から排出される排気ガスを有効利用する発電システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a power generation system that effectively uses exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine.

内燃機関を利用した火力発電システムにおいて、その内燃機関における燃料の燃焼に伴って排出される排ガス中には未燃焼燃料成分が含まれているが、この排ガス中の未燃焼燃料成分は有効利用されずに大気中に放出されていた。   In a thermal power generation system using an internal combustion engine, unburned fuel components are contained in the exhaust gas discharged along with the combustion of fuel in the internal combustion engine, but the unburned fuel components in the exhaust gas are effectively used. Without being released into the atmosphere.

そこで、本発明は、内燃機関から排出される排ガス中の未燃焼燃料成分を有効に利用した発電システムを提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that effectively uses unburned fuel components in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine.

以下に示すように、本発明の発電システムは内燃機関と、ボイラとを備えている。この内燃機関から排出される排ガス中の未燃焼燃料成分を、ボイラにおいて補助燃料として燃焼することにより、燃料を効率的に利用することが可能である。   As shown below, the power generation system of the present invention includes an internal combustion engine and a boiler. By burning the unburned fuel component in the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine as auxiliary fuel in the boiler, the fuel can be used efficiently.

すなわち、本発明に係る発電システムは、燃料を燃焼するための燃焼部と、発電するための発電部と、前記燃料を燃焼後の未燃焼燃料成分を含む排ガスを排出するための排出口とを備える内燃機関、および、前記排出口から排出された排ガスを受け入れる受入口を備える、前記未燃焼燃料成分を燃焼するためのボイラと、を備えることを特徴とする。   That is, a power generation system according to the present invention includes a combustion unit for burning fuel, a power generation unit for generating power, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas containing unburned fuel components after burning the fuel. And a boiler for combusting the unburned fuel component, comprising an internal combustion engine, and a receiving port that receives the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port.

この発電システムは、内燃機関から排出される排ガスから熱回収するためのコジェネレーション設備を備えていることが好ましい。さらに、ボイラが、前記コジェネレーション設備によって熱回収された排ガスを受け入れることが好ましい。   The power generation system preferably includes a cogeneration facility for recovering heat from the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, it is preferable that the boiler receives the exhaust gas heat-recovered by the cogeneration facility.

コジェネレーション設備は、前記ボイラから排出された排ガスから熱回収することが好ましい。   The cogeneration facility preferably recovers heat from the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler.

本発明によると、内燃機関から排出される排ガス中の未燃焼燃料成分を有効に利用した発電システムを提供することができるようになった。   According to the present invention, it has become possible to provide a power generation system that effectively utilizes unburned fuel components in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine.

本発明の一実施形態として説明する排気ガスを有効利用した発電システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power generation system which used the exhaust gas demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention effectively.

以下、上記知見に基づき完成した本発明の実施の形態を、詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention completed based on the above knowledge will be described in detail.

なお、本発明の目的、特徴、利点、及びそのアイデアは、本明細書の記載により、当業者には明らかであり、本明細書の記載から、当業者であれば、容易に本発明を再現できる。以下に記載された発明の実施の形態及び具体的な実施例等は、本発明の好ましい実施態様を示すものであり、例示又は説明のために示されているのであって、本発明をそれらに限定するものではない。本明細書で開示されている本発明の意図ならびに範囲内で、本明細書の記載に基づき、様々に修飾ができることは、当業者にとって明らかである。   The objects, features, advantages, and ideas of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the present specification, and those skilled in the art can easily reproduce the present invention from the description of the present specification. it can. The embodiments and specific examples of the invention described below show preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are shown for illustration or explanation. It is not limited. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made based on the description of the present specification within the spirit and scope of the present invention disclosed herein.

本発明にかかる発電システムの好適な実施形態を、添付図面を参照して詳細に説明する。   A preferred embodiment of a power generation system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本発明に係る発電システム１は、内燃機関１００とボイラ２００から構成されるが、図１には、さらにコジェネレーションシステム３００を併備している発電システムを示す。   A power generation system 1 according to the present invention includes an internal combustion engine 100 and a boiler 200. FIG. 1 shows a power generation system further including a cogeneration system 300.

内燃機関１００は、通常火力発電に用いられている内燃機関であればその規模や構造に制限がなく当業者が適宜選択できる。例えば、ディーゼルエンジンが例示できる。この内燃機関１００は燃料を燃焼するための燃焼部１０１と、発電するための発電部１０２とを有し、その燃焼部における燃焼後の未燃焼燃料成分を含む排ガスを排出するための排出口１０３を備えている。本発電システムを構成するボイラ２００は、内燃機関１００の排出口１０３から排出された排ガスを受け入れる受入口２０１を備えている。このボイラ２００の構造上の特徴は、特に限定されず、燃料を燃焼させて熱や水蒸気をつくることのできるボイラの中から当業者が適宜選択することができる。例えば、水管ボイラや丸ボイラ等が例示できる。また、圧力検出器、安全弁、消防設備などの安全設備を設置してもよい。さらに、一つの内燃機関に対して複数のボイラを設けてもよい。この際、各ボイラに内燃機関からの排ガスの受入口を設ける必要がある。   As long as the internal combustion engine 100 is an internal combustion engine that is normally used for thermal power generation, the scale and structure thereof are not limited, and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art. For example, a diesel engine can be illustrated. The internal combustion engine 100 includes a combustion unit 101 for burning fuel and a power generation unit 102 for generating power, and an exhaust port 103 for discharging exhaust gas containing unburned fuel components after combustion in the combustion unit. It has. The boiler 200 constituting the power generation system includes a receiving port 201 that receives exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 103 of the internal combustion engine 100. The structural features of the boiler 200 are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art from boilers that can generate heat and water vapor by burning fuel. For example, a water tube boiler, a round boiler, etc. can be illustrated. Moreover, you may install safety equipment, such as a pressure detector, a safety valve, and a fire fighting equipment. Further, a plurality of boilers may be provided for one internal combustion engine. At this time, it is necessary to provide an intake port for exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine in each boiler.

本発明に係る内燃機関は、当業者に周知の、燃料を燃焼して発電する他の発電方式機関で置き換えてもよい。その発電方式としては、例えば、ガス燃料や液体燃料を燃やして発生させた燃焼ガスでタービンを回転させることを特徴とするガスタービン方式、あるいは、ボイラで燃料を燃焼し、水を熱することによって高温高圧の蒸気を発生させ、この蒸気によって蒸気タービンを回転させることを特徴とする汽力方式等が挙げられるが、制限はなく、必要とされる熱効率、出力等の条件に応じて当業者が適宜選択することができる。   The internal combustion engine according to the present invention may be replaced with another power generation type engine that generates power by burning fuel, which is well known to those skilled in the art. As the power generation method, for example, a gas turbine method characterized by rotating a turbine with combustion gas generated by burning gas fuel or liquid fuel, or by burning fuel with a boiler and heating water A steaming system characterized by generating steam at high temperature and high pressure and rotating the steam turbine by this steam is mentioned, but there is no limitation, and a person skilled in the art appropriately determines the conditions such as required thermal efficiency and output. You can choose.

内燃機関で燃焼される燃料は、石油や液化天然ガスなどの液体燃料や天然ガス、石炭ガス、メタン発酵ガスなどの気体燃料が好ましいが、これらに制限されない。例えば汽力発電方式では、石炭などの固形燃料も使用でき、選択した発電方式機関に適した燃料を当業者が適宜選択できる。   The fuel burned in the internal combustion engine is preferably a liquid fuel such as petroleum or liquefied natural gas, or a gaseous fuel such as natural gas, coal gas, or methane fermentation gas, but is not limited thereto. For example, in the steam power generation system, solid fuel such as coal can be used, and a person skilled in the art can appropriately select a fuel suitable for the selected power generation system engine.

さらに、本発明に係る発電システムにおいて、内燃機関１００における発電の工程で発生した排ガスから熱回収することが好ましく、この熱回収のためにコジェネレーション設備３００を設けることが好ましい。その際、コジェネレーション設備により熱回収された排ガスを、ボイラ２００の受入口２０１へ送る送ガス管には、バルブ４００と４０１を設け、内燃機関１００から排出される排ガスを、大気中に放出するように切り換えたり、ボイラ２００へ送るように切り換えたりすることが好ましい。これらのバルブ４００〜４０１の切り換えは手動で行ってもよいが、制御装置等によって自動的に制御することが好ましい。   Furthermore, in the power generation system according to the present invention, it is preferable to recover heat from the exhaust gas generated in the power generation process in the internal combustion engine 100, and it is preferable to provide a cogeneration facility 300 for this heat recovery. At that time, valves 400 and 401 are provided in the gas supply pipe for sending the exhaust gas heat-recovered by the cogeneration facility to the receiving port 201 of the boiler 200, and the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine 100 is released into the atmosphere. It is preferable to perform switching as described above or switch to send to the boiler 200. Switching of these valves 400 to 401 may be performed manually, but it is preferable to automatically control them by a control device or the like.

このコジェネレーション設備により回収された熱の利用法は制限されず、水を熱し、蒸気や温水として活用することができる。例えば、得られた蒸気により蒸気タービンを回転させて二次的発電に利用することも、得られた温水をボイラ２００に供給することもできる。この場合は、ボイラ２００に冷水を供給する場合に比較し、燃料使用量の削減効果があり、省エネルギーに寄与できる。ここで、本発電システムに備えられるコジェネレーション設備は、排ガスからの熱回収ができる範囲で特に限定がなく、当業者が周知の設備から適宜選択することができる。   The method of using the heat recovered by this cogeneration facility is not limited, and water can be heated and used as steam or hot water. For example, the steam obtained by rotating the steam turbine can be used for secondary power generation, or the obtained hot water can be supplied to the boiler 200. In this case, compared with the case where cold water is supplied to the boiler 200, there is an effect of reducing the amount of fuel used, which can contribute to energy saving. Here, the cogeneration facility provided in the power generation system is not particularly limited as long as heat recovery from exhaust gas can be performed, and those skilled in the art can appropriately select from well-known facilities.

これまでは、内燃機関から排出される未燃焼燃料成分を含む排ガスが直接大気中に放出されていた。しかし、ボイラ２００では、内燃機関から排出される排ガス中に含まれる未燃焼燃料成分を燃焼する。この燃焼のため必要な燃焼用空気を供給するため、ボイラ２００には燃焼空気供給口２０２を設けることが好ましい。ここで、内燃機関１００あるいはコジェネレーション設備３００から送られる排ガスに含まれる未燃焼燃料成分のみでは燃焼量が不足する場合、ボイラ２００へ追加燃料を供給することで、燃焼量を制御することができる。この追加燃料は、ボイラ２００で使用可能な燃料であれば、石油や液化天然ガスなどの液体燃料、天然ガスやメタン発酵ガスなどの気体燃料、あるいは石炭などの固形燃料でもよく、特に制限されない。   Until now, exhaust gas containing unburned fuel components discharged from an internal combustion engine has been directly released into the atmosphere. However, the boiler 200 burns unburned fuel components contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. In order to supply the combustion air necessary for this combustion, it is preferable to provide the combustion air supply port 202 in the boiler 200. Here, when only the unburned fuel component contained in the exhaust gas sent from the internal combustion engine 100 or the cogeneration facility 300 is insufficient in combustion amount, the combustion amount can be controlled by supplying additional fuel to the boiler 200. . The additional fuel may be liquid fuel such as petroleum or liquefied natural gas, gas fuel such as natural gas or methane fermentation gas, or solid fuel such as coal as long as it can be used in the boiler 200, and is not particularly limited.

この、ボイラ２００での燃焼によって得られる熱は直接大気中に排出してもよいが、回収して有効利用してもよい。例えば、直接二次的発電に利用してもよく、あるいは、ボイラ２００からの排ガスをコジェネレーション設備へ送り、この排ガスからさらに熱回収し、ここで回収された熱で、水を熱し、蒸気や温水として活用してもよい。例えば、得られた蒸気により蒸気タービンを回転させて二次的発電に利用することも、得られた温水をボイラ２００に供給することもできる。 ここで、コジェネレーション設備は、内燃機関１００における発電の工程で発生した排ガスから熱回収するコジェネレーション設備３００であってもよく、独立にボイラ２００からの排ガスから熱回収するコジェネレーション設備を設けてもよい。例えば、図１に示したようにコジェネレーション設備３００を用いる場合、バルブ４０２と４０３を設け、ボイラ２００から排出された排ガスを、大気中に排出するように切り替えたり、コジェネレーション設備３００へ送るように切り替えたりすることが好ましい。その場合、コジェネレーション設備３００に送る排ガス逆流を防ぐための逆止弁や、その排ガス圧力を調節するための圧力弁をバルブ４０３に併設してもよい。なお、これらのバルブ４０２〜４０３の切り換えは手動で行ってもよいが、制御装置等によって自動的に制御することが好ましい。   The heat obtained by the combustion in the boiler 200 may be directly discharged into the atmosphere, but may be recovered and effectively used. For example, it may be used directly for secondary power generation, or the exhaust gas from the boiler 200 is sent to a cogeneration facility, and further heat is recovered from this exhaust gas. It may be used as hot water. For example, the steam obtained by rotating the steam turbine can be used for secondary power generation, or the obtained hot water can be supplied to the boiler 200. Here, the cogeneration facility may be a cogeneration facility 300 that recovers heat from the exhaust gas generated in the power generation process in the internal combustion engine 100, and is provided with a cogeneration facility that independently recovers heat from the exhaust gas from the boiler 200. Also good. For example, when the cogeneration facility 300 is used as shown in FIG. 1, valves 402 and 403 are provided so that the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 200 is switched to be discharged into the atmosphere or sent to the cogeneration facility 300. It is preferable to switch to. In that case, the valve 403 may be provided with a check valve for preventing a backflow of exhaust gas to be sent to the cogeneration facility 300 and a pressure valve for adjusting the exhaust gas pressure. Note that these valves 402 to 403 may be switched manually, but are preferably controlled automatically by a control device or the like.

このように、本発明の発電システムによると、この未燃焼燃料成分をボイラ２００における燃料として有効利用することができ、加えて、ボイラ２００でこの未燃焼燃料成分を燃焼することによって排ガスが清浄化される。   As described above, according to the power generation system of the present invention, the unburned fuel component can be effectively used as the fuel in the boiler 200. In addition, the exhaust gas is purified by burning the unburned fuel component in the boiler 200. Is done.

１ 発電システム
１００ 内燃機関
１０１ 燃焼部
１０２ 発電部
１０３ 排出口
２００ ボイラ
２０１ 受入口
２０２ 燃焼空気供給口
３００ コジェネレーションシステム
４００〜４０３ バルブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation system 100 Internal combustion engine 101 Combustion part 102 Power generation part 103 Exhaust port 200 Boiler 201 Receiving inlet 202 Combustion air supply port 300 Cogeneration system 400-403 Valve

Claims (3)

燃料を燃焼するための燃焼部と、発電するための発電部と、前記燃料を燃焼後の未燃焼燃料成分を含む排ガスを排出するための排出口とを備える内燃機関と、
前記排出口から排出された排ガスを受け入れる受入口を備える、前記未燃焼燃料成分を燃焼するためのボイラと、を備えることを特徴とする発電システム。 An internal combustion engine comprising a combustion section for burning fuel, a power generation section for generating electric power, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas containing unburned fuel components after burning the fuel;
A power generation system comprising: a boiler for combusting the unburned fuel component, comprising a receiving port for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port. 請求項１に記載の発電システムであって、
前記内燃機関から排出された排ガスから熱回収するためのコジェネレーション設備を備え、
前記ボイラが、前記コジェネレーション設備によって熱回収された排ガスを受け入れることを特徴とする発電システム。 The power generation system according to claim 1,
Comprising a cogeneration facility for recovering heat from the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine,
The power generation system, wherein the boiler receives exhaust gas heat-recovered by the cogeneration facility. 請求項１または２に記載の発電システムであって、
前記コジェネレーション設備は、前記ボイラから排出された排ガスから熱回収することを特徴とする発電システム。 The power generation system according to claim 1 or 2,
The power generation system, wherein the cogeneration facility recovers heat from exhaust gas discharged from the boiler.
JP2009087072A 2009-03-31 2009-03-31 Power generation system using exhaust gas effectively Expired - Fee Related JP5420295B2 (en)

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JP2016032391A (en) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 Compound energy system

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JPH08338259A (en) * 1995-06-13 1996-12-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pulverized coal direct injection combustion turbine
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016032391A (en) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 Compound energy system

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