JPH08180007A - Input/output processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To optimize the distribution of input/output requests to respective channels and to prevent adverse influence on job operations by preferentially activating the input/output requests from a logical computer for which the value of a channel utilization sufficiency rate obtained from channel utilization conditions in the past and a channel utilization distribution amount specified beforehand does not reach a boundary value. CONSTITUTION: After an input/output processing using a certain channel is ended, the propriety of the activation of the input/output request newly taken out from a queue 123 is judged. At the time, the input/output request from the logical computers 101-103 for which the value of the channel utilization sufficiency rate obtained from the channel utilization conditions (data transfer time) in the past (within the interval time of a previous time) by the respective logical computers 101-103 for the channel measured and recorded by a data transfer time measurement means 130 and the channel utilization distribution amount specified beforehand for the respective logical computers 101-103 does not reach the boundary value is preferentially activated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an input / output processing system in a computer, and more particularly to an input / output processing system applied to a logical computer system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a single central processing unit (CP
U) is a system for operating a plurality of operating systems (OS) at the same time, and various computer resources (instruction processor, main memory, input / output channels (hereinafter referred to as "channels"), etc.) are logically arranged. There is known a logical computer system that realizes a plurality of logical computer operating environments by being divided into units. Regarding channels, a channel sharing function is known that enables a single channel to be used simultaneously by a plurality of logical computers.
In this channel sharing function, channel access conflict occurs when different logical computers issue different input / output requests to input / output devices under the same channel. Access control to an input / output device in a conventional input / output processor (IOP) is completely independent of the priority of the work executed on each logical computer,
It is performed by first-in first-out control (FIFO).
Therefore, in order to prevent the low priority logical computers from occupying the channels and hindering the work of the high priority system, each logical computer has a different channel or channel conflict occurs. We are taking into consideration not to do it.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a conventional input / output processing system. The computer system includes instruction processors (IP) 201 and 202, a main memory 210, an input / output processing processor (IOP) 220, and a channel 131. And 132, input / output control unit (CU) 14
0 and a plurality of input / output devices 150 and 151 are provided. In a general-purpose computer, IP, main memory, IOP,
The channels are collectively referred to as central processing unit (CPU) 100, and their general configuration and operation are well known. Hereinafter, for the sake of clarity, the case of two channels, two input / output devices, and two logical computers will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 7, the IOP 220 is a table storing the identification numbers of the CU 140 and the channels 131 and 132 connected to the input / output devices 150 and 151, respectively, in order to control the input / output operation. Holds a subchannel. O on a logical computer
The I / O request from S is notified to the IOP 220 by designating the number of this subchannel. IOP2
The reference numeral 20 connects the I / O request received from the OS to the end of the I / O request queue (described later), and extracts the I / O request from the head of the I / O request queue when activating the I / O.

Prior to starting the input / output, the IOP 220
CU 140 connected to the input / output devices 150 and 151
Then, it is checked whether or not the input / output request can be activated according to the usage states of the channels 131 and 132.
If the I / O request is in use, the I / O request is left in the queue and the same process is performed for another I / O request connected next to the queue. Regarding the channel status check, if the I / O devices are connected to a plurality of channels, all the channels are checked (for the usage status check of the channels 131 and 132, the I / O devices 150 and 151 are checked). Since it is connected to both channels, check both channels.

In the case of a logical computer system, each sub-channel is held separately for each logical computer even if it corresponds to the same input / output device.
Input / output requests to the same input / output device from different logical computers are processed as input / output requests to different sub-channels. This also applies to the case of sharing a channel, and regardless of the importance or priority of each logical computer, I / O requests are activated in order from the earliest requested time.

[0007]

As an application of a logical computer, for example, an online system for executing a current operation such as an online production operation and a development system for executing a new development operation of an operation program are operated in parallel. A logical computer system is possible. In a conventional IOP I / O processing system based on such an operation mode, I / O requests frequently occur from a development system having a low priority to an I / O device under a specific channel. If there is a large amount of data in, the channel is occupied by the logical computer on the development system side, and the execution of input / output processing on the logical computer on the online system side with high priority is delayed and the response time increases. , It is conceivable that the online production work will be adversely affected.

Therefore, conventionally, a channel used by a logical computer of high importance (for online business, etc.) and a channel used by a logical computer of low importance (for development business, etc.) are divided to form a hardware configuration. By
The above-mentioned adverse effects on business operations were avoided.
However, with such a hardware configuration,
There have been problems that the number of channels required to guarantee the performance is significantly increased and the connection configuration between the channels and the CU is not flexible.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, optimize the allocation of input / output requests to each channel regardless of the channel-related hardware configuration, and perform the work being executed by each logical computer. It is to provide an input / output processing system that can prevent adverse effects on operations.

[0010]

To achieve the above object, the input / output processing system of the present invention allows a plurality of logical computers operating on a single central processing unit to use one or more shared channels. In a logical computer system that performs input / output processing by using each channel, the channel use allocation management means that registers and manages the channel use allocation amount in the shared channel for each logical computer, and the operating logical computers for each shared channel. The data transfer time measuring means for measuring the data transfer time at every predetermined interval time and recording it in the channel management table corresponding to the shared channel, and the data transfer time measuring means for each shared channel and the logical computer. And the recorded data transfer time and the channel usage allocation amount. And an input / output processing selection starting means for preferentially selecting and activating an input / output request from a logical computer whose channel usage sufficiency ratio does not reach a predetermined boundary value. It is a thing.

Further, the channel use distribution setting means for changing the setting of the value of the channel use distribution amount in the channel use distribution management means is further provided.

Further, the channel use distribution setting means is operated by an instruction of an operating system.

[0013]

The operation based on the above configuration will be described.

The input / output processing system of the present invention is a logical computer system in which a plurality of logical computers operating on a single central processing unit perform input / output processing using one or more shared channels. Regarding the computer, the channel use distribution managing means in which the channel use distribution amount in the shared channel is registered and managed in advance, and the data transfer time by each operating logical computer for each shared channel is measured at predetermined intervals. Data transfer time measuring means recorded in the channel management table corresponding to the shared channel, and for each shared channel and logical computer, the data transfer time measured and recorded in the data transfer time measuring means and the channel use allocation amount. Calculate the channel usage satisfaction rate from There has been a structure comprising a input-output processing selection activating means for activating the output request from the logic computer which does not reach a predetermined boundary value preferentially select and.

That is, when determining whether to activate an I / O request newly fetched from the queue after the end of the I / O processing using a certain channel, the channel measured and recorded by the data transfer time measuring means is concerned. Past by each logical computer of (in the previous interval time)
I / O requests from the logical computer are prioritized because the channel usage sufficiency ratio value calculated from the channel usage status (data transfer time) and the channel usage allocation amount specified in advance for each logical computer has not reached the boundary value. It is possible to reliably guarantee the input / output performance of each logical computer according to the designation of the channel usage allocation amount. Therefore, regardless of the channel-related hardware configuration, the allocation of I / O requests to each channel is optimized, and the adverse effect on the business operation being executed by each logical computer (other logical computers due to channel occupation of a specific logical computer I / O delay) can be prevented. In addition, along with the above, the number of channels required to guarantee the input / output performance is reduced to improve the usage efficiency of the channel and the hardware related to the channel, and the degree of freedom of the connection configuration around the channel is increased. Channel-related hardware configuration can be decided more flexibly.

Further, the channel use distribution managing means further comprises a channel use distribution setting means for changing the setting of the value of the channel use distribution amount during the operation. It is possible to operate while changing the setting of the optimum channel usage distribution amount according to the input / output load status of the.

Further, by operating the channel use distribution setting means according to the instruction of the operating system, it is possible to automatically change the setting of the channel use distribution amount from within the business program. It is possible to reduce operation costs by unmanning operations that involve setting changes in volume.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the input / output processing system of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a logical computer system including an embodiment of the input / output processing system of the present invention. In the figure, 100 is a single central processing unit (CP
U), 101, 102 and 103 are logical computers, 110 is a service ratio setting means (corresponding to "channel use allocation setting means" in the claims), 114 is a service ratio management table ("channel use allocation in the claims"). (Corresponding to "management means"), 120 is a priority logical computer determining means, 121 is an input / output request receiving means, 122 is an input / output start means with priority control, 123 is an input / output request queue, 124 is an interval timer, and 130 is data. Transfer time measuring means (corresponding to "data transfer time measuring means" in claims), 131 and 132 are channels (corresponding to "shared channel" in claims), 133 and 134 are channel management tables, and 140 is Input / Output Control Unit (CU), 150 and 1
An input / output device 51 includes logical computers 101, 102,
Service ratios 111, 112, 113 of the shared channel are defined in advance in each of 103. The priority logical computer determination means 120 and the input / output activation means 122 with priority control are the "input / output processing selection activation means" in the claims.
Equivalent to. Further, the service ratio setting means 110, the service ratio management table 114, the priority logical computer determination means 12
0, input / output request receiving means 121, priority control input / output starting means 122, input / output request queue 123, interval timer 124, data transfer time measuring means 130, and channel management tables 133 and 134 are input / output processors (IOPs). ) Is equivalent to.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the service ratio management table shown in FIG. When creating a logical computer on the CPU 100 and making it available, the service ratios 111, 112, which are defined in advance for each logical computer,
113 is stored in the service ratio management table 114 by using the service ratio setting means 110.
(Hereinafter, the service ratio of the logical computer n will be described as Sn). At the same time, the service ratios of all logical computers are added, and the obtained total value is set as the total service ratio St in the total service ratio storage area 114a in the service ratio management table 114. Regarding the value of the service ratio, the instruction processor (I
It may be set in proportion to the allocation amount of P) or may be set arbitrarily. The service ratio management table 114 may be held for each CPU one by one, or may be held separately for each channel and appropriately changed according to the usage status from the OS in each logical computer. Good. That is, the service ratio management table 1
The setting contents of 14 can be freely changed while the system is operating, and the actual setting change is performed by an instruction from an operation management program that integrally manages a plurality of logical computers. This is because the OS on the logical computer issues a command for changing the channel service ratio, and the service ratio is changed from the OS to the IOP.
It can be easily realized by notifying.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the input / output request queue in FIG. When an input / output request is issued by the input / output start instruction from the OS running on the logical computer,
The IOP uses the input / output request reception means 121 to register the input / output request in the input / output request queue 123. The content of each specific input / output request is the identification number 30 of the connected CU.
1, the connection channel identification number 302, the logical computer identification number 303, and the like are collected in the input / output request table 300 and additionally registered at the end of the input / output request queue 123. It is possible to connect a plurality of channels to the input / output device. When a plurality of connection channels are connected, the identification number 3 of the connection channel in the input / output request table 300
A plurality of 02 are also stored.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the channel management table shown in FIG. When the above-mentioned input / output request is registered in the input / output request queue 123, the channel management table 40 corresponding to the identification number 302 of the connection channel in the input / output request table 300 is obtained, and the input / output request in the channel management table 40 is obtained. The value of the execution pending input / output request count 43 corresponding to the logical computer that issued the is incremented (+1). At this time, if the input / output device targeted for the input / output request is connected to a plurality of channels, the corresponding channel management table 40 is obtained for all the connected channels, and the corresponding execution hold input / output request is issued. The value of equation 43 is counted up.

Data transfer time measuring means 130 in FIG.
Is a means for measuring the time during which each logical computer uses each channel to execute data transfer for each channel, and the data transfer time for each logical computer within a predetermined measurement time (interval time) Is added. That is, the data transfer time measuring means 130
Using the signal from the interval timer 124 as a trigger, the data transfer time from the last measurement to the present time is set as the usage time of the logical computer, and the value is used for each logical computer in the channel management table 40 corresponding to the channel. After recording in the time storage area 42, a series of processing of starting measurement of the data transfer time for obtaining the next usage time is executed for all channels.
Here, the gap value (constant) of the interval time is preliminarily stored as the interval time Ti in the interval time storage area 41 in each channel management table 40.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of processing by the priority logical computer determining means in FIG. The priority logical computer determination means 120 uses the interval timer 124.
In response to the signal from, the data transfer time measuring means 130 operates in cooperation with the data transfer time measuring means 130 at regular time intervals and operates independently of the input / output starting means. That is, the priority logical computer determination means 120
Is the channel use time Tn for each logical computer recorded in the channel use time storage area 42 in the channel management table 40 corresponding to each channel by the data transfer time measuring means 130, and the contents of the service ratio management table 114 described above. Based on the above, the priority logical computer to be preferentially assigned to the vacant channel is determined, and the priority execution mask 45 in the channel management table 40 is set.

In FIG. 5, first, referring to the channel management table 40 corresponding to the channel of interest, from the recorded value of the interval time Ti and the value of the channel use time Tn of each logical computer n, Each logical computer n
The channel usage rate Un is calculated (step 501). For example, if the interval time Ti = 100 (milliseconds) the logical computer 1 channel usage time T1 = 70 (milliseconds) the logical computer 2 channel usage time T2 = 20 (milliseconds), the logical computer 1 channel usage Proportion U1 = 0.7 The channel usage rate of logical computer 2 is U2 = 0.2.

In this way, after the channel use ratios are calculated for all the logical computers, the value of the total service ratio St and the service ratio of each logical computer n set in advance are referred to by referring to the service ratio management table 114. Sn
And the value of the channel usage rate Un of each logical computer n obtained above, the sufficiency rate Jn of the service ratio of each logical computer n is obtained (step 502). For example, if the service ratio S1 of logical computer 1 = 30 and the service ratio S2 of logical computer 2 = 70, the total service ratio St = 100 Satisfaction rate of the service ratio of logical computer 1 J1 = 0.7 / (30/100) =
Approximately 2.3 Satisfaction rate of service ratio of logical computer 2 J2 ＝ 0.2 / (70/100) ＝
It will be about 0.29. As a result, the logical computer 2 whose value of the satisfaction rate of the obtained service ratio is less than 1 (corresponding to the "predetermined boundary value" in the claims) uses the shared channel up to the given service ratio. It can be seen that it is not done (I / O processing is not performed).

Next, the priority execution mask 45 in the channel management table 40 corresponding to the channel of interest is set on the basis of the value of the sufficiency rate Jn of the service ratio of each logical computer n obtained as described above (step). 503,504
a, 504b). In the priority execution mask 45, each of the constituent bits corresponds to one logical computer (the leftmost bit is logical computer 1, the next bit is logical computer 2, etc.), and the value of the service ratio satisfaction ratio Jn is less than 1. Depending on whether or not it is determined (step 503), the value of the service ratio sufficiency ratio Jn is less than 1, "ON" (step 504a), and the value of the service ratio sufficiency ratio Jn is 1 "OFF" for the above logical computers (step 504)
b) is set. Therefore, in the above example, the logical computer 1 is "OFF" and the logical computer 2 is "O".
Therefore, the priority execution mask 45 is, for example, “40”.
00H ".

By executing the above processing for all the shared channels (steps 505 and 506), all the priority execution masks of the logical computer corresponding to the data transfer time Tn measured and recorded at every interval time Ti are set. It is set for each shared channel.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the flow of processing by the input / output starting means with priority control shown in FIG. As described above, the IOP registers the input / output request issued by the OS running on the logical computer in the input / output request queue 123. Then, the input / output requests registered in the input / output request queue 123 are input / output activation means 122 with priority control.
Is sequentially taken out from the queue and it is determined whether or not the input / output processing can be started, and the input / output processing is started, or it remains registered in the input / output request queue 123. Generally, the IOP holds a status management flag indicating whether a path (channel, CU, etc.) necessary for executing input / output processing is in use or in an empty state (channel management shown in FIG. 4). If the route required by the input / output request is not empty, the channel use status flag 44 in the table 40, etc. is not registered and remains registered in the input / output request queue 123 without being activated. To do. In the input / output processing system of this embodiment, the above-mentioned priority execution mask is further checked.

In FIG. 6, the input / output request queue 123
The I / O request from the beginning of the
1), check whether the CU connected to the input / output device that is the target of the input / output request is in use (step 60)
After performing 2), if the CU is not in use, the CU
It is checked whether the channel connected to is in use (step 603). If there is a channel that is not in use, the channel is checked by the priority execution mask (steps 604 and 60).
5). That is, after recognizing the logical computer of the input / output request source that issued the input / output request by the logical computer identification number 303 in the input / output request table 300 extracted from the input / output request queue 123, the corresponding channel is associated. By referring to the channel management table 40, it is judged whether or not the priority execution mask of the I / O request source logical computer is "ON" (step 604). If "ON", the process branches to step 610. Start I / O processing for an I / O request.

On the other hand, if the priority execution mask is "OFF" in step 604, the channel management table 40 is referenced again to check the priority execution mask and execution pending input / output request of another logical computer (step 60).
5) If the priority execution mask is "ON" and the value of the number of execution pending input / output requests is not 0, there is another input / output request to be preferentially executed in the channel. Therefore, the process branches to step 606 to check other channels (step 607). Then, if the channel that meets the conditions is not found even if the other channels are checked (step 606 = YE)
S), the I / O request that was the processing target is connected to the end of the I / O request queue 123 and left in the queue, and the execution is suspended (step 620).

If, in step 605, the priority execution masks of all other logical computers are "OFF", or the number of execution pending input / output requests of all other logical computers is 0, then Since the input / output request to be preferentially executed is not suspended, the process branches to step 610 to start the input / output processing for the input / output request. When the input / output processing is started, the value of the number of execution pending input / output requests of the logical computer of the input / output request source in the channel management table 40 corresponding to all the channels connected to the target input / output device is counted down. (Step 61
0).

[0033]

As described in detail above, according to the input / output processing system of the present invention, it is possible to determine whether or not an input / output request newly fetched from the queue can be activated after the end of the input / output processing using a certain channel. At the time of judgment, the past (within the previous interval time) channel usage status (data transfer time) by each logical computer for the channel measured and recorded by the data transfer time measuring means and the designation in advance for each logical computer The value of the channel usage sufficiency rate calculated from the channel usage allocation amount has not reached the boundary value.The I / O request from the logical computer is activated preferentially. It is possible to reliably guarantee the input / output performance of the computer. Therefore, regardless of the channel-related hardware configuration, the allocation of I / O requests to each channel is optimized, and the adverse effect on the business operation being executed by each logical computer (other logical computers due to channel occupation of a specific logical computer It is possible to obtain the effect that it is possible to prevent (input / output delay, etc.). In addition, along with the above, the number of channels required to guarantee the input / output performance is reduced to improve the usage efficiency of the channel and the hardware related to the channel, and the degree of freedom in the connection configuration around the channel is increased. Thus, the effect that the channel-related hardware configuration can be determined more flexibly is obtained.

Further, the channel use distribution managing means further comprises a channel use distribution setting means for changing the setting of the value of the channel use distribution amount during the operation. According to the input / output load status of the above, there is an effect that the operation can be performed while changing the setting of the optimum channel usage distribution amount.

Further, by operating the channel use allocation setting means according to the instruction of the operating system, it becomes possible to automatically change the setting of the channel use allocation amount in the business program. It is possible to obtain an effect that the operation cost can be reduced by unmanning the operation that involves changing the amount setting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a logical computer system including an embodiment of an input / output processing system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a service ratio management table in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an input / output request queue in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a channel management table in FIG.

5 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing by a priority logical computer determining means in FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing by an input / output activation unit with priority control in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a conventional input / output processing system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 100 CPU 101, 102, 103 Logical Computer 110 Service Ratio Setting Means 114 Service Ratio Management Table 120 Priority Logical Computer Determining Means 121 I / O Request Accepting Means 122 Priority Controlled I / O Starting Means 123 I / O Request Queues 124 Interval Timer 130 Data Transfer time measuring means 131,132 channels 40,133,134 channel management table 140 input / output control unit (CU) 150,151 input / output device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A logical computer system in which a plurality of logical computers operating on a single central processing unit perform input / output processing by using one or more shared channels, in which channels are used in the shared channels for each logical computer. Channel usage allocation management means in which the allocation amount is registered and managed, and for each shared channel, the data transfer time by each operating logical computer is measured at predetermined intervals, and the channel corresponding to the shared channel is measured. Data transfer time measuring means recorded in the management table, and for each shared channel and logical computer, a channel use satisfaction rate is calculated from the data transfer time measured and recorded in the data transfer time measuring means and the channel use allocation amount. The theory that the channel utilization satisfaction rate does not reach a predetermined boundary value An input / output processing system comprising: an input / output processing selection start-up unit for preferentially selecting and starting an input / output request from a computer. 2. The configuration according to claim 1, further comprising a channel use distribution setting unit for changing the setting of the value of the channel use distribution amount in the channel use distribution management unit during operation. I / O processing system. 3. The input / output processing system according to claim 2, wherein the channel use distribution setting means is operated by a command of an operating system.