JPH08176464A - High-concentration water-base suspension of inorganic substance and/or filler and/or pigment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a high-concn. water-base suspension of an inorg. material and/or a filler and/or a pigment which has an excellent storage stability at low concn. by selecting a suspension which has a specified solid content of a dispersed material (at least one component selected from among inorg. materials, fillers, and pigments), is neutral to or has positive electric charge to the outside, and is prepd. by using a dispersant (e.g. an ampholytic surfactant) having a specified wt.-average mol.wt.

CONSTITUTION: The water-base suspension is prepd. by dispersing an inorg. material, a filler, or a pigment using at least one dispersant and has a solid content of 60 wt.% or higher. An ampholytic surfactant used as a dispersant pref. has a group of the formula [wherein R₁ and R₇ are each H or methyl; R₂ and R₃ are each methyl or ethyl; R₄ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl or its isomeric group; X is O or NH; Y is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl; R₅, R₆, R₈ and R₉ are each H; and (an) is Cl], has a wt.-average mol.wt. of 60,000-200,000, and does not have an aziridine group.

COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises an inorganic substance, a filler or a pigment dispersed in one or more dispersants.
It relates to an aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments with a solids content of 60% by weight or more for dry minerals or fillers or pigments.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The term "positive charge" as used herein means hereinafter that the particles have a positive zeta potential on their surface (P. Ney,
“Zeta potentials and floatability of minerals”, A
pplied Minerology, Volume 6, especially pages 22-23., Springer Pu
lbications, Vienna, New York, 1973). This also applies to the term "negative charge", which occurs for example in cellulose fibers,
As an anion it forms a stabilized suspension. The neutral "charge" of a particle is such that the negative and positive charges cancel each other out of the particle. The isoelectric point does not necessarily exist at pH = 7. The isoelectric point of the particle surface and the ampholytic polyelectrolyte and / or its salt, partial salt and / or complete salt is the pH value when the positive and negative charges neutralize each other externally.

In the present application, the neutral monomer unit means a monomer unit which does not have a dissociable group (for example, a carboxyl group), and examples thereof include an ethylene group. An externally neutral polyelectrolyte of the present invention having an external or external charge is defined herein by the number of positive or negative groups in the polymer. Thus, in an amphoteric, externally neutral polyelectrolyte, the number of positive charges in the cationic monomer unit is equal to the number of negative charges in the anionic monomer unit. Ampholytic polyelectrolyte (am
In photeric activated polyelectrolyte), the non-neutral monomer unit has a predominantly positive charge. In the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, the non-neutral monomer unit has mainly a negative charge.

However, this does not mean that the polyelectrolyte automatically becomes electrically positive, for example if the positive charge is excessive. The reason is that the “acid strength” and the “base strength” are different from each other. Thus, for example, amphoteric polyelectrolytes having an equal number of positive and negative groups are electrically positive or negative. This is
The same applies to amphoteric and cationic polyelectrolytes and amphoteric and anionic polyelectrolytes. Changing the pH value affects the dissociation of "acid or base groups". Particularly when the pH value is 5 to 10, the polymer electrolyte of the present invention has the following charge states with respect to the outside.

[0005]

[Table 1]

Neutralization of the negative group with monovalent and / or divalent and / or trivalent cations affects the degree of dissociation of the negative group, and thus the state of charge to the outside. Anionically stabilized calcium-containing mineral calcium carbonate, dolomite, etc. are usually prepared by milling with anionic polyacrylates, as described, for example, in EP0100947 or French Patent 820806. To be done. The latter patent discloses that for anionically stabilized suspensions, partially neutralized polyacrylic acid provides better viscosity stability than fully neutralized acids. ing. The disclosed range of neutralization is 40-96% neutralization, but this neutralization does not give satisfactory results for the cationic suspension according to the invention of the present application.

It is clear from the examples disclosed in French Patent No. 820,806 that a degree of neutralization of 60-70% is optimum although neutralizations below 50% do not achieve the object. Minerals can also be made into suspensions with amphoteric dispersants, as disclosed in EP 0256312. In the case of the amphoteric polyelectrolytes disclosed in this prior publication, the isoelectric point lies in the highly acidic pH range and is therefore suitable for the pigment and / or filler and / or mineral suspensions of the invention. Not not. Furthermore, only ampholyte electrolytes containing mainly anionic monomers in the molar monomer composition are mentioned. This prior art particle has a negative charge on its surface.

However, for many applications anion stabilization is not desirable. On the contrary, it is advantageous to use slurries having neutral or negatively charged particles. When calcium carbonate is coated with an anionic dispersant and used as a filler in the paper industry, the negatively charged filler in the paper fiber, which is originally negatively charged by its carboxyl group, is replaced by a cationic binder. Need to be combined.

In order to achieve the highest degree of filling and good filler sticking in the paper, in neutralizing and agglomerating particles of negatively charged mineral and / or filler and / or pigment, Negatively charged paper fibers can also agglomerate, which can lead to poor quality paper and more irregular paper transparency. In the prior art, this unpleasant effect is almost inevitable. For this reason, dry milled powder products that currently have only a slightly negative charge or a neutral or slightly positive surface charge to the outside are still mainly used in paper mills. .

However, it is very difficult to obtain the required fineness with dry crushed products. Further, the powder has a problem of generating dust. Produced by the dispersion method and cationically stabilized
Suspension of Organisms and / or Fillers and / or Pigments Partially calcium-containing minerals such as calcium carbonate, dolomite, etc., which are stabilized as cations, ie have a positively charged surface, are , Neutral and / or cationic protective colloids and / or cationic dispersants (West German patent application Nos. 3,707,221 and 3,7,221).
No. 30,833)) or in a combination of fully neutralized anionic and cationic dispersants as described in EP 0278602A1. Usually produced by, but the amount of cationic polymer used in the latter is such that the particles have a positive charge in suspension.

EP 0278602 also discloses polyacrylic acid. Pure, unneutralized polyacrylic acid is unsuitable. The reason is that crystallization already started at + 20 ° C., so that it can no longer be added and used. Once crystallization begins, the polymer solution must be heated to 100 ° C to redissolve the crystals. Manufacturing in winter and in cold regions with non-neutralized polyacrylic acid is unthinkable.

[0012] These methods have the disadvantage that the milling method, ie the grinding method and the dispersing method, must be carried out in separate steps. The prior art has the following possibilities. a) Calcium-containing rock is finely pulverized by a drying method to a required fineness. There is a limit to the fineness that can be achieved with this method. Aggregation due to van der Waals forces greatly hinders crushing to high fineness. The variance is then
This is carried out in a separate step using the above dispersant.

B) Calcium-containing rock is pulverized by a wet method with a low solid content (about 30% by weight) without using a powdering agent or a dispersant, and is subjected to a filter press treatment, a coagulant addition or a centrifugal separation treatment. To obtain the desired concentration. Then, in another step, the above-mentioned dispersant is used for dispersion. c) The calcium-containing rock is wet-milled with an anionic dispersant to the desired fineness, dried and then dispersed again with the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or protective colloid described above. Agglomerates which cannot be completely ground again form during drying. That is, the fineness obtained is smaller than in the original case. In addition, anionic dispersants that have not been destroyed during drying can interfere with the subsequent dispersion process and thus increase polyelectrolyte consumption.

In the above production method, the above-mentioned viscosity stabilization of ac cannot be performed for a long time. As a result, the production of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment suspensions must be carried out at the user's plant or in the immediate vicinity of the user, and is destroyed in a short time by a large viscosity increase or settling. It is often not possible to reduce the viscosity by dilution. The reason for this is that high concentrations are crucial for subsequent steps, for example in the paper industry for coating slips or colorants.

As a cation, produced by grinding
Stabilized minerals and / or fillers and / or
Is a pigment suspension recently by TAPPI Papermaker in Washington DC in April 1989.
Loreen Goodwi at Columbia River Carbonates Opened in
As described in the lecture by n, attempts have been made to produce fillers containing partially stabilized calcium as a cation by milling at a low solids content.

This method has the drawback that the solid content is limited to 45 to 50% by weight. At higher concentrations, the suspension is no longer processable because the viscosity is so high. This viscosity is unstable over time. Due to the low solids, the suspension has a strong tendency to settle,
It is therefore unstable during storage. The shipping costs are about 50% greater for dry products than the 70 wt% suspension for dry products, and also have about 50% greater storage capacity for both the manufacturing plant and the user's plant. is necessary.

European Patent 0104904 describes an aqueous slurry of inorganic particles containing at least 40% by weight solids. This slurry contains a cation having a group having a nitrogen atom and an amphoteric polyelectrolyte.
It is not clear to those skilled in the art what is meant by. The only amphoteric compounds described are very misleading as they do not have a clear amphoteric character. Both DMDAAC (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) and acrylamide are used in copolymers called amphoteric, but their structures are totally cations.

In the case of an aqueous slurry, it is acceptable for the dispersed inorganic particles to settle within 3 to 7 days,
However, this is not conceivable for shipping by ship from Scandinavia to England, which lasts, for example, 4-7 days, and the unloading of the large ships currently used to carry out this type of transport is not possible. Will. It is virtually impossible to stir the cargo of such a large vessel. For the same reason, 4 in a 56-ton tank truck
Rail transport from Austria to Northern Germany, which lasts ~ 7 days, is also impossible. Currently, rail and ship transport is highly desirable for ecological reasons.

* From the user's point of view, the following requirements (characteristics) are desirable for the suspension. * Low viscosity and good storage for weeks. * It is necessary to produce very finely divided fillers in order to obtain the required properties, such as low abrasion of the paper machine mesh during papermaking and the coating doctor of the coating plant. Rough fillers in papermaking stocks produce dust in photocopying and the like.

* Paper opacity, paper glossiness, and paper whiteness largely depend on the powderyness and filling degree of the filler in or on the paper. Opacity and whiteness are currently very important for paper mills. * Currently, as a papermaking raw material, it is usually necessary that the inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment have an equivalent spherical diameter of particles of 50 to 90% by weight of less than 2 μm (Se
measured with digraph 5100).

[0021] As coating compositions, today's minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments are generally used, with up to 99% by weight of the particles having an equivalent spherical diameter of less than 2 μm (measured with Sedigraph 5100). * The stability of the viscosity must be guaranteed for several weeks, so that the suspension is not impaired during transport or storage by sedimentation or increased viscosity or leads to unnecessarily high stirring costs. At present, a storage capacity of several thousand m ³ of such suspensions is required to guarantee production in the paper industry.

* Particles of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments must be able to be fixed during papermaking without the use of large amounts of fixing aids. The strength value of the finished paper is high with a high degree of filling of minerals and / or pigments and / or
Or it should not be significantly impaired by the filler. High loadings can save cellulose, which has enormous benefits to the paper industry.

* When used on paper, pigment and / or filler and / or inorganic coating slips should not penetrate into the paper as much as possible and remain on the surface of the paper,
The result is optimum fiber coating. The cationic coating of the anion on the cellulose remains very well on the surface. * The resulting solids concentration should be as high as possible.

[0024]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide a filler and / or mineral and / or suspension having a high solids content, low viscosity and stability on storage. The above-mentioned problem is that the inorganic substance, the filler or the pigment is dispersed in one or more dispersants, and the dry inorganic substance, the filler or the dry pigment is
The solution is an aqueous suspension consisting of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments with a solids content of 60% by weight or more, which aqueous suspension has the following characteristics: That is, the dispersant used is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes in which the number of negative charges on the anionic monomer units is equal to the number of positive charges on the cationic monomer units and optionally also contains neutral monomer units and / or One or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and / or one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and / or one or more non-neutral monomer units having a predominantly negative charge Amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes and / or one or more partially neutralized amphoteric polyelectrolytes and / or one or more partially neutralized amphoteric predominantly non-neutral monomer units having a negative charge Contains anionic polyelectrolyte and / or filler and / or
Alternatively, the pigment and / or the inorganic particles have a neutral or positive charge to the outside.

Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the amphoteric polyelectrolytes according to the invention are compared with the prior art in which the fillers and / or pigments and / or inorganic particles likewise have an external neutral or positive charge. In contrast, it has a low viscosity for a long period of time and a very good viscosity stability, and nevertheless sedimentation of inorganic particles does not occur even without stirring.

The amphoteric polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte, and the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte, wherein the number of negative charges of the anionic monomer unit is equal to the number of positive charges of the cationic monomer unit, are simplified below. Is referred to as the amphoteric polyelectrolyte of the present invention. Amphoteric polyelectrolytes in which the number of negative charges on anionic monomer units is equal to the number of positive charges on cationic monomer units are simply referred to as "amphoteric".

Some of the partially neutralized ampholytic polyelectrolytes are within the scope of this invention. The amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte, and the amphoteric polyelectrolyte in which the number of negative charges in the anionic monomer unit is equal to the number of positive charges in the cationic monomer unit, have positive and negative substituents on the ethylene main chain. Are preferred.

Further, the substituent having a cation charge is the following group:

[0029]

[Chemical 9]

Those which are bound to the main chain via are more preferred. Of the above, the former group is very suitable.
Further, as the amphoteric polymer electrolyte of the present invention, those having a quaternary ammonium group, a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group, and / or a group containing an acidic phosphate ester are more advantageous. Advantageous as the amphoteric polymer electrolyte of the present invention are one or more compounds of the compound group represented by the following general formula (I). That is, formula (I):

[0031]

[Chemical 10]

[Wherein R ₁ , R ₅ , R ₆ and R ₇ are preferably hydrogen atoms, and / or R _{1 to} R ₇ are alkyl groups, preferably C _{1 to} C ₁₈ alkyl groups, particularly preferably C ₁ ~ C
₆ alkyl groups, optimally methyl groups, and / or aryl groups, preferably 6-membered rings, especially unsubstituted 6-membered rings; R
₈ and R ₉ are a hydrogen atom and / or an alkyl group, preferably a C _{1 to} C ₁₈ alkyl group, particularly preferably a C _{1 to} C ₆ alkyl group, most preferably a methyl group and / or an aryl group, preferably a 6-membered ring , In particular an unsubstituted 6-membered ring; and (an) ⁻ is chloride and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or HSO ₄ ⁻ and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite; R ₈ or R ₉ is Z

[0033]

[Chemical 11]

In the case of

[0035]

[Chemical 12]

X may be O and / or N
-H; Y is _{-CH 2 -, - C 2 H} 4 -, - C 3 H 6 -, - C 4 H 8 -,
Or -C ₅ H ₁₀ -, Z is

[0037]

[Chemical 13]

And / or

[0039]

Embedded image

And / or

[0041]

[Chemical 15]

And / or

[0043]

Embedded image

And / or an acidic phosphoric acid ester group, n is 1 to 18; and Z may be partially neutralized with a mono-, di- and / or trivalent cation]. Is a compound. Alkali metal cation and /
Alternatively, alkaline earth metal cations and / or earth metal cations are advantageously used in the present invention, with alkaline earth metal cations being preferred. Particularly preferred is Ca
⁺⁺ and / or Mg ⁺⁺ and / or Sr ⁺⁺ ,
Particularly preferred is Ca ⁺⁺ and / or Mg ⁺⁺ .

The degree of neutralization of Z with polyvalent cations is 1 to 99 mol% in each case relative to Z in b,
50-98 mol% are advantageous, 70-97 mol% are preferred and 95 mol% are particularly preferred. In the case of neutralization with monovalent cations such as K ⁺ and / or Na ⁺ and / or Li ⁺ , the degree of neutralization of Z is 1 to 99 mol% for each Z in b, 1 to 50 mol % Is advantageous, preferably 1 to 25 mol%, particularly preferably less than 5 mol%.

Z has a cation of 2 and / or 3
NH4 ⁺ , primary, secondary, tertiary amine ions and / or quaternary ammonium ions, which are valences and which can give rise to a very unpleasant odor and can be harmful to health
When it is 4 ⁺ , it may be sufficiently neutralized. Further, Z may be present without being neutralized. R ₈ or R ₉

[0047]

[Chemical 17]

If, and not, and the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte is used in combination with the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte, so that the particles have a neutral or positive surface charge, the ratio of a to b is As follows, amphoteric and anionic amphoteric amphoteric and cation (amphoteric cationic) a = 5 to 49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 99 mol% b = 51 to 95 mol% b = 50 mol%, b = 49 to 1 mol%, where n = 1 to 18 and (an) ⁻ are chlorine ions and / or bromine ions and / or iodine ions and / or HSO ₄ ⁻ and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ^−. And / or nitrite ions; the following mixtures are also preferred, with amphoteric and anionic amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 47-49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51-80 mol% b = 51-53 mol% b = 50 mol% b = 49-20 mol% And n = 1 to 18 and (an,) ^- is chloride ion and / or bromide and / or iodide ions and / or HSO ₄ ^- a and / or nitrite ions ^- and / or CH ₃ SO _4.

R ₈ or R ₉ is

[0050]

Embedded image

And when the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte is used in combination with the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte, so that the particles have a neutral or positive surface charge,
The ratio of a and b is as follows: amphoteric and anionic amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 10 to 66 mol% a = 66.66 mol% a = 67 to 99 mol% b = 34 to 90 mol% b = 33.33 mol % b = 1 to 33 mol% where n = 1 to 18 and (an,) ^- is chloride ion and / or bromide and / or iodide ions and / or HSO ₄ ^- and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ^- and / or nitrite It is nitrate ion.

Further advantageous are the following mixtures: Amphoteric and anionic Amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 64 to 66 mol% a = 66.66 mol% a = 67 to 90 mol% b = 34 to 36 mol% b = 33.33 mol% b = 10 to 33 mol% where n = 1 to 18 and (an,) ^- is chloride ion and / or bromide and / or iodide ions and / or HSO ₄ ^- a and / or nitrite ions ^- and / or CH ₃ SO _4.

Particularly preferred as the amphoteric polymer electrolyte of the present invention is represented by the above formula (I), wherein R ₁ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R ₂ is a methyl group or an ethyl group; R ₃
Is a methyl group or an ethyl group; R ₄ is —CH ₃ , —C ₂ H ₅ , —
C ₃ H ₇ , -C ₄ H ₉ or isomers thereof; X = 0 or N
_{-H; Y = -CH 2 -,} - C 2 H 4 -, - C 3 H 6 -, - C 4 H 8 - or -C ₅ H ₁₀ -; R ₅ and R ₆ is a hydrogen atom; R ₇ is Hydrogen atom or methyl group; R ₈ and R ₉ are hydrogen atoms;

[0054] (an,) ^- is Cl ^- in Y is - (CH _{2) 3} - is particularly advantageous when the. In the present invention, the amphoteric anion means that the anionic charge of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is dominant over the cationic charge. Further, the amphoteric cation means that the cation charge of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is dominant with respect to the anion charge.

In the present invention, amphoteric and weak anions or cations mean that the corresponding negative or positive excess charge of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is very small.
An amphoteric and weak anion means that the ratio of anion charge to cation charge is 55:45 to 51:49 mol%. An amphoteric and weak cation means that the ratio of anion charge to cation charge is 45:55 to 49:51 mol%.

The terms "weak" and "slight" used in the present application are used synonymously. As the polymer electrolyte of the present invention, those represented by the following formula (II) are particularly preferable.

[0057]

[Chemical 19]

[In the formula,

[0059]

(Equation 5)

When C = 0 Z = 0 (cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cation and / or alkaline earth metal cation and / or earth metal cation and / or amine and / or alkanolamine and / or quaternary ammonium cation, (an) ^- = chloride, bromide, _{^{iodide, SHO 4 -, CH 3 SO}} 4 -
And / or nitrite ion, and in the polymer electrolyte of the present invention, a and b are present in the following ratios. Amphoteric and slightly anion Amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 49 to 47 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 80 mol% b + c = 51 to 53 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 49 to 20 mol% where n = 1 to 18].

Particularly preferred polyelectrolytes of the above formula (II) are (cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cations and / or alkaline earth metal cations, (an) ⁻ = chlorine ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, HSO ₄ ⁻ , CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion, and in the polyelectrolyte of the present invention, a and b are present in the following ratios, and are slightly anionic amphoteric amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 49 to 48 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 70 mol% b + c = 51 to 52 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 49 to 30 mol% and

[0062]

(Equation 6)

Is a compound of Further, among the polymer electrolytes of the present invention, a and b having the following ratios are advantageous. Amphoteric slightly anion Amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 49 to 47 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 81 mol% b + c = 51 to 53 mol% b = 0 to 50 mol% b + c = 49 to 20 mol% c = 50 to 0 mol% Among the polyelectrolytes of the above formula (II), particularly advantageous ones are (ca
t) ⁺ = alkaline earth metal ion, (an) ^- = chlorine ion,
In the bromine atom, iodine, HSO ₄ ⁻ , CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion, and the polyelectrolyte of the present invention, a
And b and c are present in the following ratios: slightly anionic amphoteric amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 49 to 48 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 70 mol% b + c = 51 to 52 mol% b = 0 to 25 mol% b + c = 49 to 30 mol% c = 25 to 50 mol% and

[0064]

(Equation 7)

Is a compound of Further advantageous polyelectrolytes of the general formula (II) are (cat) ⁺ = Na ⁺ , K ⁺ ,
Li ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , (an) ^- = chloride ion, bromine ion,
Iodine ion, HSO ₄ ⁻ , SH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion, and in the polyelectrolyte of the present invention, a, b and c are present in the following ratios, amphoteric slightly anion amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 49 to 48.5 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 60 mol% b + c = 51 to 51.5 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 49 to 40 mol% and

[0066]

(Equation 8)

Is a compound of Particularly preferable results are obtained when the polymer electrolyte of the present invention of the above formula (II) has the following definition. That is, (cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cation, (an) ^- = halogen ion, and in the polyelectrolyte of the present invention, a, b and c are present in the following ratios, and are slightly amphoteric and slightly anionic amphoteric. Cation a = 49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 mol% b = 51 mol% b = 50 mol% b = 49 mol% c = <1 mol% c = <1 mol% and

[0068]

[Equation 9]

Is a compound of The polyelectrolyte of the above formula (II) is further advantageous in that it is amphoteric and slightly anionic amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 49 to 48.5 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 60 mol% b + c = 51 to 51.5 mol% b = 0 to 10 mol% b + c = 49 to 40 mol% c = 40 to 50 mol% and

[0070]

[Equation 10]

It is an electrolyte of. Particularly preferable results are obtained when the polymer electrolyte of the above formula (II) has the following definition. Ie (cat) ⁺ = alkaline earth metal cation,
(An) ⁻ = halogen ion and in the polymer electrolyte of the present invention, a, b and c are present in the following ratios, and amphoteric and slightly anionic amphoteric and cation a = 49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 mol% b = 2 mol% b = 2 mol% b = 2 mol% c = 49 mol% c = 48 mol% c = 47 mol% and

[0072]

[Equation 11]

Is a compound of A mixture of an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte represented by the above formula (II) and an amphoteric polyelectrolyte in which the number of cationic monomer units is equal to the number of anionic monomer units, the one defined below is more advantageous. That is, (cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cation and / or earth metal and / or amine cation and / or alkanolamine cation and / or quaternary ammonium cation; (an) ^- = chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, HSO ₄ ^-, CH ₃ SO ₄ ^- a and / or nitrite ions, and compounds a and b and c are present in the following proportions in the polymer electrolyte of the present invention.

Amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 50 mol% a = 70 to 99 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 30 to 1 mol% A further advantage of the mixtures according to the invention is the polyelectrolytes of the formula (II) above. The ratio of a to b to c is as follows.

Amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 50 mol% a = 75 to 98 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 25 to 2 mol% preferably amphoteric amphoteric and cation a = 50 mol% a = 80 to 97 mol % B + c = 50 mol% b + c = 20 to 3 mol% More preferably, a cation is an amphoteric amphoteric a = 50 mol% a = 90 to 96 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 10 to 4 mol% Particularly preferably, Amphoteric and cation a = 50 mol% a = 95 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b + c = 5 mol%.

Further advantageous is a mixture of an amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte and an amphoteric and cationic polyelectrolyte, defined below, of the formula (II). That is, (cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cation and / or alkaline earth metal cation and / or earth metal cation and / or amine and / or alkanolamine and / or quaternary ammonium cation, (an)
^- = chloride, bromide, iodide, HSO ₄ ^-, CH
₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion, and in the polyelectrolyte of the present invention, the ratio of a, b and c is amphoteric and slightly anion Amphoteric and cation a = 47 to 49 mol% a = 70 to 99 mol% b + c = 51 to 53 mol% b + c = 30 to 1 mol% better than anion is slightly anion amphoteric and cation a = 48 to 49 mol% a = 75 to 98 mol% b + c = 51 to 52 mol% b + c = 25 to 2 mol%, preferably amphoteric and slightly anion amphoteric and cation a = 48.5 to 49 mol% a = 80 to 97 mol% b + c = 51 to 51.5 mol% b + c = 20 to 3 mol% particularly preferably amphoteric and slightly anion Amphoteric cation a = 49 mol% a = 95 mol% b + c = 51 mol% b + c = 5 mol%.

Mixtures of amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes of the above formula (II) with amphoteric and cationic polyelectrolytes of the following definition are particularly advantageous.
(cat) ⁺ = alkali metal cation and / or alkaline earth metal cation and / or amine and / or alkanolamine and / or quaternary ammonium cation, (an) ^- = chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, HSO ₄ ^-, CH ₃ SO ₄ ^- and / or nitrite ions,
In the polymer electrolyte of the present invention, a, b and c are present in the following ratio. That is, amphoteric and slightly cation Amphoteric and cation a = 51 to 53 mol% a = 80 to 97 mol% b + c = 49 to 47 mol% b + c = 20 to 3 mol% Preferably, amphoteric and slightly cation Amphoteric cation a = 51 to 52 mol% a = 90 to 96 mol% b + c = 49 to 48 mol% b + c = 10 to 4 mol% Particularly preferably, amphoteric slightly cation Amphoteric cation a = 51 mol% a = 95 mol% b + c = 49 mol% b + c = 5 mol%.

Amphoteric and cation, amphoteric and weak anion,
The favorable degree of neutralization of the amphoteric weak cations and the anionic components in the amphoteric polyelectrolytes with alkaline earth metal cations, in particular Ca ⁺⁺ and / or Mg ^++, is between 0.1 and 100 mol%, which is better Is from 50 to 100 mol%, preferably 7
0-99 mol%, optimally 98 mol%; or the anionic component is not neutralized.

Amphoteric and cation, amphoteric and weak anion, amphoteric
Weak cations and anions in amphoteric polyelectrolytes
The preferred degree of neutralization with monovalent cations of the
00 mol%, better is 0.1-50 mol%, preferred
0.1 to 39 mol% or 0.1 to 30 mol%, more preferably
More preferably 0.1-35 mol% or 0.1-25 mol% or
0.1-15 mol%, optimally less than 1 mol%;
The anion component is not neutralized. Ca⁺⁺And Mg⁺⁺As
When a divalent cation is used, the degree of neutralization exceeding 90% is preferable.
Good. Ca⁺⁺The degree of neutralization of more than 90% according to
At Na ⁺Better than 1% neutralization degree due to
Is.

The degree of polymerization of the polymer electrolyte of the present invention is 32%.
By measuring the viscosity of an aqueous solution with a concentration of 5 mPa.s to 150 mPa.s.
It is advantageously in the range of s. Viscosity is 15mPa.s-100m
It is preferably in the range of Pa.s, particularly preferably in the range of 25 mPa.s to 70 mPa.s. In a mixture of an amphoteric and cationic polyelectrolyte and an amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte, the degree of polymerization of the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte is Intrinsic viscosity, 5ml / g ～ 50
ml / g, preferably 15 ml / g to 40 ml / g, particularly preferably 25 ml / g to 35 ml / g; amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes and amphoteric polymers The degree of polymerization of the electrolyte and the polyelectrolyte that is slightly amphoteric and anionic is 5 to 5% as measured by the viscosity of a 32% by weight aqueous solution.
150 ml / g, preferably 15-100 ml / g, particularly preferably
25-70 ml / g.

It is further advantageous for the dispersant to contain one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes in which the number of negative charges on the anionic monomer units is equal to the number of positive charges on the cationic monomer units. Even more advantageously, the dispersant comprises a mixture of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a mainly positive charge.

The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
It is further advantageous that the non-neutral monomer units contain a mixture with one or more amphoteric, slightly cationic polyelectrolytes having predominantly positive charges. The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, and one non-neutral monomer unit has predominantly a negative charge. Those containing a mixture with the above amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes are more advantageous.

The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
A mixture of one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge and one or more amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. What is included is even more advantageous. The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
Mixtures of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge and one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. It is advantageous to the thing containing.

The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
One or more amphoteric and slightly cationic amphoteric polyelectrolytes, in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, and one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic, in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. Even more advantageous are those containing a mixture with a molecular electrolyte. It is further advantageous for the dispersant to contain one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes whose non-neutral monomer units have predominantly a positive charge.

More preferably, the dispersant contains one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric, slightly cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge. is there. It is further advantageous that the dispersant contains one or more amphoteric, slightly cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have predominantly a positive charge.

The dispersant includes one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge and one or more amphoteric anionic polymers whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. Those that contain a mixture with the electrolysis rate are advantageous. The dispersant comprises one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge and one or more amphoteric anionic polymers whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. Even more advantageous are those containing a mixture with an electrolyte.

The dispersant includes one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes whose non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, and non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge.
Those containing a mixture of the above amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes are more advantageous. The dispersant comprises one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge and one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly negative charge. Those containing a mixture with the polyelectrolyte of are more advantageous.

The dispersant is one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
It is further advantageous that the non-neutral monomer units contain a mixture with one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic polyelectrolytes having predominantly negative charges. Even more advantageously, the dispersant contains one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units are predominantly negatively charged.

With amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes, despite the slight excess of negative charge (carboxyl group), the particles of filler are either surface neutral or slightly positively charged. Have. This is probably because some of the carboxyl groups are neutralized with Ca ⁺⁺ ions and the carboxyl groups no longer exist in a dissociated state.
This is probably because it acts neutral to the outside. As a result, the dissociated cationic groups become dominant, and the filler particles become
It does not have a negative charge despite the excess of carboxyl groups in the actual dispersant.

In the polymer molecule, 51 to 53 mol% of carboxyl groups and 47 of quaternary ammonium groups are contained in the polymer molecule.
This is the case with a ratio of −49 mol%. A ratio of 51 to 52 mol% of carboxyl groups and 49 to 48 mol% of quaternary ammonium groups in the polymer molecule is more preferable. A ratio of 51 mol% of carboxyl groups and 49 mol% of quaternary ammonium groups in the polymer molecule is particularly preferable.

The dispersant preferably contains 0 to 100% by weight of the first amphoteric polyelectrolyte and 100 to 0% by weight of the second amphoteric polyelectrolyte. The dispersant is 0.1-99.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and 99.9-0.1% by weight.
Further preferred are those containing a mixture with one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes. The dispersant is 50 to 99.9 wt% or 80 to 99.9 wt% or 10 to 50 wt% or 10 to
30% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, 0.1-50% by weight
Or 0.1-2.0 wt% or 50-90 wt% or
Particularly preferred are those containing a mixture of 70 to 90% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes.

More preferably, the dispersant contains 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and 99.9 to 0.1% by weight of one or more amphoteric slightly cationic polyelectrolytes. The dispersant comprises 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, and 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes. Those containing a mixture of the above are more preferred.

The dispersant comprises 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, 60 to 79.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, and 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more amphoteric anion high. Those containing a mixture with a molecular electrolyte are more preferable. The dispersant is 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, and 0.1 to 99.8% by weight.
Further preferred are those containing a mixture with one or more amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes.

The dispersant is 0.1-99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, 0.1-99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, and 0.1-99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric amphiphilics. Further, those containing a mixture of an anion and a polyelectrolyte are more preferable. The dispersant is 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and 0.1 to 99.8% by weight.
More preferred are those containing a mixture of one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes with 0.1 to 99.8% by weight of one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes.

The dispersant more preferably contains 0 to 100% by weight of the first amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte and 0 to 100% by weight of the second amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. The dispersant further comprises those containing from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight of a first amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight of a second amphoteric and by definition a cationic polyelectrolyte. preferable.

The dispersant is 50 to 99.9% by weight or 70 to 9% by weight.
9.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, 0.1
More preferred are those containing .about.50% by weight or 0.1 to 30% by weight of one or more amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes.
The dispersant is 90-99.9% by weight or 75-90% by weight or 80% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes;
More preferred are those containing a mixture with 1 to 10% by weight or 25 to 10% by weight or 20% by weight of one or more amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes.

The dispersant may comprise 80-99.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric, slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, and 0.1-20% by weight.
Those containing a mixture with one or more amphoteric anion polymer electrolytes are more preferred. The dispersant is 0.1-99.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, and 99.9-0.1
Even more preferred are those which contain, by weight, one or more amphoteric amphiphiles, but which contain a mixture of anions with polyelectrolytes.

The dispersant is 50 to 99.9% by weight or 70 to 90% by weight.
% Or 75% by weight of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and 0.1 to 50% by weight or 10 to 30% or 25% by weight of one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes Is more preferable. The dispersant is
Preference is given to those containing 0.1-99.9% by weight of one or more amphoteric, but cationic polyelectrolytes, and 99.9-0.1% by weight of one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic polyelectrolytes.

The dispersant is 0.1 to 99.9% by weight or 50 to 99.
More preferred are those containing a mixture of 9% by weight of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and 0.1-99.9% by weight or 0.1-50% by weight of one or more amphoteric, slightly anionic polyelectrolytes. The dispersant is comprised of 0-100% by weight of the first amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte and 0-100% by weight of the second polyelectrolyte.
Those containing amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes are more preferable.

According to the invention, the mineral or filler or pigment is especially a group 2 main group element and / or a group 3 main group element and / or a group 4 subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Contains elements. Preferably, minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments containing calcium and / or silicon and / or sometimes aluminum and / or titanium are used. Minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments containing calcium carbonate are preferred.
Very particular preference is given to natural calcium carbonate and / or precipitated calcium carbonate and / or marble and / or chalk and / or dolomite and / or
Alternatively, it is calcium carbonate containing dolomite.

The aqueous suspension is composed of 97.0 to 99.97% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water and 0.03 to 3.0% by weight of the ampholytic polyelectrolytes according to the invention, dry inorganic or It is preferable that the solid content of the dry filler or dry pigment is 60 to 80% by weight. The aqueous suspension contains 98.5-99.95% by weight of minerals and / or
Or filler and / or pigment and water, 0.05-1.
Composed of 5% by weight of the ampholytic polyelectrolyte of this invention,
It is preferable that the solid content of the dry inorganic material, dry filler or dry pigment is 65 to 77% by weight.

The aqueous suspension is composed of 98.8 to 99.90% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water and 0.1 to 1.2% by weight of the ampholytic polyelectrolytes according to the invention, Good results are obtained with a solids content of 67-76% by weight with respect to the dry filler and / or the dry pigment. The aqueous suspension contains 99.5% or 98.8% or 99.6% by weight of minerals and / or
Or a filler and / or pigment and water, and 0.5 wt% or 1.2 wt% or 0.4 wt% amphoteric and externally neutral polyelectrolyte (viscosity 37 mPa.s), dry inorganic or dry filled The particle distribution is such that the solid content for the agent or the dry pigment is 72% by weight or 72% by weight or 67% by weight, and 70% by weight, 90% by weight or 60% by weight of the particles have an equivalent spherical diameter of less than 2 μm. In some cases, excellent results are obtained.

The aqueous suspension contains 97 to 99.89% by weight, preferably 98.5 to 99.8% by weight, more preferably 99.2 to 99.65% by weight.
% By weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water, 0.11 to 3.00% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1.5
%, More preferably 0.35 to 0.8% by weight of an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte and a mixture of amphoteric slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric slightly cationic polyelectrolytes. It is further advantageous if the solids content of the dry mineral or dry filler or dry pigment is 60-80% by weight, preferably 62-75% by weight, in particular 65-72% by weight.

The aqueous suspension contains 99.6% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water, 0.4% by weight.
Excellent results are obtained when it is composed of the above-mentioned dispersant mixture of the present invention. The aqueous suspension contains 99.6% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water;
Mol% and C are 0 mol%), and the intrinsic viscosity is 27.3
0.35% by weight of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte (ml / g); represented by the above formula (II) (where a is 50% by mole, b is 50% by mole and C is 0% by mole) and is measured in a 32% by weight aqueous solution. 0.1% by weight of an amphoteric polyelectrolyte having a viscosity of 37 mPa.s, with a solid content of 67% by weight and 60% by weight of particles of 2% by weight.
Particularly good results are obtained with equivalent spherical diameters smaller than μm.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly concentrated suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments which is stable on storage, milled at high solids and milled and dispersed at high solids. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method which can be manufactured by carrying out in one processing step. The above object is achieved by the present invention, which provides an aqueous suspension production method characterized by the following steps. That is, (a) an aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments,
Wet milled with the dispersion / milling agent mixture of this invention,
(b) the amphoteric polyelectrolyte of the invention is added completely before grinding, or (c) a portion of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte of the invention is added before grinding, and (d) this A portion of the ampholytic polyelectrolyte of the invention is added during milling, and / or
Alternatively, (e) a part of the amphoteric polymer electrolyte according to the present invention is added after pulverization.

The following method is also advantageous. That is,
(a) amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes are added completely before grinding, or (b) amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polymers A portion of the electrolyte is added prior to grinding, and (c) a polyelectrolyte of slightly amphoteric anion and / or a portion of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is added during grinding and / or (d) amphoteric This is a method comprising adding a part of a slightly anionic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric polyelectrolyte after pulverization.

The following method is also advantageous. Ie
(a) Add amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte completely before grinding, or (b) add amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or part of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte before grinding. , And (c) Add a part of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte to the pulverization, and / or (d) pulverize a part of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte It is a method that consists of adding later.

The following method is also particularly advantageous. Ie
(a) 50-100 wt% amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes are added before grinding, and (b) 0-50 wt% amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes. A polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric polyelectrolyte is added during milling, and / or (c) 0-50% by weight of amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric polyelectrolyte is added after milling, It is a method consisting of things.

The following method is also advantageous. That is (a) 5
0 to 100% by weight of amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are added before grinding, (b) 0 to 50% by weight
Of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte of (c) 0 to 50
This is a method which comprises adding, after pulverization, amphoteric polyelectrolytes and / or polyelectrolytes of amphoteric cations by weight.

Very good results are obtained using the following method. That is, (a) 70 to 100% by weight of amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes are added before grinding, and / or (b) 0 to 30% by weight of amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes. And / or (c) 0 to
This is a method comprising adding 30% by weight of an amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric polyelectrolyte after pulverization.

The following method is also advantageous. That is (a) 70-1
00% by weight of an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are added before grinding, then (b) 0-30% by weight of an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are added during grinding, And / or (c) 0 to 30% by weight of an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are added after pulverization.

The following method is also advantageous. That is, (a) a portion of the amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, and then (b) the amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or Or a portion of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte is added during milling, and / or (c) the amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and/
Alternatively, it is a method comprising adding a part of a polyelectrolyte having a small amount of amphoteric anion after pulverization.

The following method is also advantageous. (a) Add the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte completely before crushing, or (b) add a portion of the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte before crushing, then (c) add a portion of the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte. And (d) a part of the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte is added after crushing.

The following method is particularly advantageous. Ie
(a) Before pulverizing 10 to 90% by weight or 20 to 40% by weight or 30% by weight of amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte To (b) 10
-90 wt% or 60-80 wt% or 70 wt% amphoteric slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric slightly anionic polyelectrolyte are added during milling, and / Or (c) 0-
80% by weight or 0 to 20% by weight of an amphoteric slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric slightly anionic polyelectrolyte is added after milling.

The following method is particularly preferable. That is (a) 5
Add 0 to 100% or 70 to 100% by weight of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte before grinding, then (b) add 0 to 50% or 30% by weight of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte during grinding. And / or (c) 0-50% by weight or
It is a method comprising adding 0 to 30% by weight of an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte after pulverization.

If, on the one hand, the desired final fineness is obtained in one milling step, 100% by weight of amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes,
Or on the other hand 100% by weight of amphoteric polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cation polyelectrolytes are added before milling, which gives excellent results. If several milling steps are required to obtain the desired final fineness. Excellent results are obtained by dividing the amount of dispersant required according to the intermediate fineness obtained.

According to the invention, the aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments is used in papermaking. Other applications include treatment of the paper surface with a size press of a paper machine (pigment coloring), use in a paper coating plant, precoating or topcoat of paper coating, and impurity control (pitch control). Used in wood pulp, used to reduce the CDD of circulating water in a papermaking machine (reduces chemical oxygen demand), used in a wastewater treatment plant, used in papermaking as an anionically stabilized pigment, and There are applications for pre-aggregating suspensions of minerals and / or fillers or for pre-aggregating (immobilizing) the coating slips of coating equipment.

The present invention was successful by producing a suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments by grinding at a high solids content above 60% by weight. The particles of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments in this suspension are likely to have a positive electrostatic charge and are considered to be sterically stabilized, the suspension having a sufficiently stable viscosity over several weeks. Therefore, it can be transported satisfactorily over a long distance, does not cause precipitation, and has excellent retention during papermaking, for example.

An unexpected and surprising effect is that a suitable combination of one or more cationic monomers and one or more anionic monomers, and the amphoteric polyelectrolyte obtained by polymerisation, before and / or during the milling step. And / or the appropriate addition time after this step and the milling was carried out under high shear and temperature so that mutual neutralization of oppositely charged monomer units during wet milling does not occur. Therefore, the solidification of the polymer does not occur. Conversely, optimum milling and long-term stabilization of the suspension are achieved.

The zeta potential of the filler and / or pigment and / or the inorganic particles is positive or neutral to the outside. Ie in neutral fillers and / or pigments and / or inorganic particles,
The sum of the positive and negative charges on the surface of the particles cancel each other out. With regard to viscosity and sedimentation behavior, particularly good storability is crucial, in particular, to prevent loss of service during transport and in large storage tanks. According to the suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments produced according to the invention, the place of manufacture (the place of manufacture of the suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments) and the place of use (eg papermaking) Factory) can be freely selected. The production site can thus be adapted to the geological occurrence of the mineral and / or filler and / or pigment raw materials, without having to consider the customer's location for purely theoretical reasons. You can also choose your means of transportation quite freely and make the best choice ecologically.

Dry minerals and / or fillers and / or
Alternatively, an aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments, having a solids content of 60% by weight or more with respect to the pigment, grinds rough rough ore into the composition of the invention, A molecular electrolyte is added at the start of this milling and / or an additional portion of the ampholytic polyelectrolytes of this invention is added during and / or after milling to reduce the viscosity.

The process according to the invention provides a suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments having a particle distribution, a concentration and a storability at low viscosity, which is ideal for the user, mainly the paper industry. It is a great economic and quality improvement as it can be obtained in one processing step. * The concentration of the aqueous slurry is preferably from 60 to 78% by weight of the dry mineral. * The average equivalent diameter of the spherical particles of the raw material before the crushing step according to the present invention is preferably 10 to 50 µm (measured by Sedigragh 500).

[0123]

【Example】

Preliminary Notes for the Examples (a) Viscosity Measurement of Amphoteric Polyelectrolytes This viscosity measurement was performed using a Brookfield Viscometer PVF-100
Performed using 00 rpm. Spindle 1 was used for the individual measurements.

For all samples, the concentration was 32% by weight in water.
Of polymer. The pH value when measuring viscosity was matched to the pH value given in the corresponding examples. The anionic groups were not neutralized. The measurement was performed with a low 400 ml beaker. The temperature during the measurement was 20 ° C., and the measurement was performed after stirring for 1 minute.

The above viscometry is carried out with the exception of the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in a mixture of amphoteric slightly cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric slightly anionic polyelectrolytes. , Used for all the following examples. (b) of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments
Suspension Fineness The fineness characteristics of the suspensions produced by this invention were determined by gravity sedimentation analysis using a SEDIGRAPH 5100 from Micromeritics, USA.

The measurements of cationically stabilized suspensions were carried out in distilled water. Dispersion of the sample was performed with a high-speed stirrer and an ultrasonic vibrator. The powder was measured in a 0.1% solution of Na4P2O7. The measured particle distribution is shown on a XY plotter as a Passage sum curve (eg Belger, P., Schweizerische Vereinig.
ungder Lack-und Farben-Chemiker, XVII FATIPEC Con
See gess, Lugano, 23-28 September 1984). That is, the particle diameter of the corresponding sphere diameter is plotted on the X-axis, and the weight percentage of the particles is plotted on the Y-axis.

(C) Mineral and / or filler and / or
Or Viscosity Measurement of Pigment Suspension. This Brookfield Viscometer PVF-100 Model 1
Performed using 00 rpm. The following spindles were used for the individual measurements. Spindle RV2 40 to 320 mPas RV3 320 to 800 mPas RV4 800 to 1600 mPas RV5 1600 to 3200 mPas RV6 3200 to 8000 mPas The measurement was performed with a low 400 ml beaker.

The temperature during the measurement was 20 ° C. The measurement is 1
All samples were vigorously agitated for 2 minutes (5000 rpm, agitator impeller diameter 50 m)
m). The above viscosity measurement method was adopted in all the following examples. (d) The specific viscosity of the anionic dispersant in the application examples using the Greek letter “μ” as a symbol was measured as follows.

The polymer / copolymer solution had 60 g Na
50 g of the dried polymer / copolymer were dissolved in 1 l of distilled water containing Cl and 100% neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution (pH 9) for the measurement. Then, using a capillary viscometer with a Baume's constant of 0.000105 placed in a heating bath kept at 25 ° C., the time required for a precisely defined volume of the alkaline polymer / copolymer solution to pass through the capillary is determined. It was measured and compared with the time taken for an equal volume of 60 g NaCl / l dummy solution to pass through the capillary.

Therefore, the specific viscosity μ can be defined as follows.

[0131]

(Equation 12)

The best results are obtained when the capillary diameter is chosen so that the time required for the polymer / copolymer containing NaCl solution is 90 to 100 seconds. (e) an amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte in a mixture of an amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolyte, and the intrinsic viscosity of poly-DADMAC, Or reference example 1
The intrinsic viscosity of a) to 1c) was measured according to the following literature. B. Vollmert “Outlines of macromolecular chemistry”
， Volume III E. Vollmert-Verlag, Karlsruhe 1985

(B) Pigment, filler and inorganic suspension
Measurement of electric charge by SCD is performed by Muetek's "Streaming Current Detector" (P) in Holsink near Munich.
CD-02 type) was used. The titration is “Investigations o
n the use of Polyelectrolyte titration in the fiel
This was carried out in accordance with the results of the report of the thesis of Peter Hess (Darmstadt) (1983) entitled "d of paper manufacture", especially after page 33. The standard titration solution was 0.01 M polyvinyl potassium sulfate solution (PPV) from SERVA.
S) was used.

Production Example I Reference Example According to Prior Art Reference Example 1a 60% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter (Se) of less than 2 μm.
A 60% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with a particle distribution having a digraph 5100) was added to 0.1% by weight poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (intrinsic viscosity
25 ml / g) and 0.02 wt% sodium polyacrylate (specific viscosity 0.35, 100% carboxyl groups are neutralized with NaOH)
And dispersed. In each case, the dry marble was used as a standard, and strong shearing force (8,000 rpm, stirring blade diameter 50 mm) was used.

Viscosity (mPas) After 1 hour After 2 days After 6 days After 12 days 204 420 640 1560 In reference example 1a, the viscosity of the prior art is unstable and the suspension is
It indicates that after 2 weeks it is no longer usable.

Reference Example 1b A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having an average equivalent diameter of spherical particles of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was measured with a Dynomill (0.6 crushing container) using a crusher made of glass (1 diameter). The powder was pulverized in accordance with the above formula to obtain a particle distribution curve (measured by Sedigraph 5100) in which 60% by weight of the particles had a particle diameter corresponding to the particle shape of less than 2 μm. Formulation 5000g Marble 15g Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride), Intrinsic viscosity 25ml / g 4.5g Sodium polyacrylate (specific viscosity 0.35, 100% of carboxyl groups are neutralized with NaOH) 2472g Water Grinding had to be stopped as further jamming made it impossible to do further grinding. It was not possible to reach the desired final fineness.

Reference Example 1c A 60% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having an average equivalent diameter of spherical particles of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was crushed with a Dynomill (0.6 μl crushing container) using a crusher made of glass (1 mm diameter). As a result, a powder distribution curve was obtained in which 60% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter smaller than 2 μm (Sedi
measured with graph 5100). Formulation 5000g Marble 15g Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride), Intrinsic viscosity 25ml / g 4.5g Sodium polyacrylate (specific viscosity 0.35, 100% of carboxyl groups are neutralized with NaOH) 3346g Water Even at a concentration of 60% by weight, Grinding properties when using poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) were not improved compared to Reference Example 1b. Grinding to the desired fineness in the prior art was not possible with viscosities below 2000 mPas.

II. EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION Example 1 A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with a particle distribution in which 60% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was prepared in various amounts on dry marble. An amount of the copolymer represented by the following formula (III) was used. The copolymer also changed the molecular weight or the intrinsic viscosity of a 32 wt% aqueous solution. Dispersion was performed with vigorous stirring (blade diameter of 8000 rpm stirrer 50 mm).

[0139]

Embedded image

The purpose of this test series is to determine the optimum viscosity and molecular weight of the ampholytic polyelectrolytes and the optimum amount of dispersants.

[0141]

[Table 2]

The optimum viscosity of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is 30 to 50 mPas
Is. Example 2 60% by weight of particles have a spherical equivalent diameter smaller than 2 μm (Sedi
A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having a particle distribution of having (according to graph 5100) is represented by the above formula (II) with respect to dry marble (where a = 70 mol%, b = 30 mol%). ) Made using various amounts of copoly. This copolymer also has a molecular weight of 32 or
The intrinsic viscosity of the wt% aqueous solution was changed and used. Dispersion was performed with vigorous stirring (8000 rpm, agitator blade diameter 50 m
m).

The purpose of this test series is to determine the optimum viscosity and molecular weight of the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte and the optimum amount of dispersant.

[0144]

[Table 3]

Example 3 A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with a particle distribution in which 60% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) is applied to dry marble in various amounts. The copolymer represented by the above formula (III) (provided that a
= 47 mol%, b = 53 mol%). This copolymer also has a molecular weight, or 32% by weight
It was used by changing the intrinsic viscosity of the aqueous solution. Dispersion was performed with vigorous stirring (8000 rpm, diameter of stirring blade 50 mm).

The purpose of this series of tests is to determine the optimum viscosity and molecular weight of the polyelectrolytes of amphoteric and slightly anionic and the optimum amount of dispersant.

[0147]

[Table 4]

Example 4 A 72% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having a spherical particle having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in accordance with the following formulation using a pulverized glass body (diameter: 1 mm) and Dynomill. Grinding with a (0.6 grinding container) gave a particle distribution curve in which 70% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter smaller than 2 μm (measured with Sedigraph 5100). Formulation 5000 g Marble 25 g Amphoteric copolymer represented by the formula (III) in Example 1 (viscosity 37 mPas) 1925 g Water 2 hours 1 day 5 days 8 days 16 days 30 days Viscosity (mPas) 215 255 300 365 430 515 Surface after 7 days Charge: +7.9 μVal / g solid When the ampholytic polyelectrolytes of the invention are used according to the invention in high concentrations, very low viscosities, which are reasonably stable over a period of several weeks, have been produced by milling and produce finely divided inorganic and It is clear in Example 4 that it is obtained by a suspension of fillers and / or pigments.

Example 5 7 of a Champagne chelk whose spherical particles have an equivalent mean diameter of 12 μm (measured with Sedigraph 5100).
A 2% by weight aqueous slurry was pulverized by a Dynomill (0.6 pulverization container) using a glass pulverized body (diameter 1 mm) according to the following formulation, and 90% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter smaller than 2 μm. Got the curve (Sedig
measured with raph 5100).

Example 6 A 72% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having spherical particles having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in a dynomill (0.6 mm in diameter) according to the following formulation using a glass pulverized body (diameter: 1 mm). Grinding in a grinding container) gave a particle distribution curve in which 90% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter smaller than 2 μm (measured with Sedigraph 5100). Prescription 5000
g marble Surface charge after 7 days + 10.1μVal / g solid

Example 7 On a pilot plant scale, the marble used in Example 6 was crushed in a vertically installed Permill (Sussmeier, 180 volumes) using a glass crusher (1-2 mm diameter),
At a concentration of 4.5% by weight, a particle distribution curve was obtained in which 90% of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (measured with Sedigraph 5100). About 2 tons of this slurry was produced. The surface charge after 7 days was +11.9 μVal / g solid. Examples 5, 6 and 7 can be made in high concentrations, even with the very fineness used in coating formulations, without any problems due to grinding coarsely ground rough.

Example 8 A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having spherical particles having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in a dynomill (a diameter of 1 mm) in accordance with the following formulation. 0.6 grain container) to obtain a particle distribution curve (measured with Sedigraph 5100) in which 60% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm. Formulation 5000 g Marble 20 g Amphoteric copolymer represented by the formula (III) of Example 1 2472 g Added water 2 hours 1 day 5 days 8 days 16 days 30 days Viscosity (mPas) 120 130 140 212 208 520 Surface charge after 7 days Was +4.8 μVal / g solid.

The use of amphoteric, externally neutral polyelectrolytes in high concentrations in this invention results in very low viscosities that are sufficiently stable over several weeks to produce finely divided inorganic and / or fillers produced by grinding. And / or being obtained with a suspension of pigments (used as a papermaking filler)
Obvious in Example 8.

Example 9 A 72% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having spherical particles having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in a dynomill (a diameter of 1 mm) using a glass pulverized body (diameter: 1 mm) according to the following formula. Crush with 0.6l crushing container)
A particle distribution curve was obtained (measured with Sedigraph 5100) in which 60% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm. Formulation 5000 g Marble 25 g Amphoteric polymer of Example 4: a) 95 mol% of the carboxyl groups are neutralized with Ca (OH) ₂ and b) 95 mol% of the same are neutralized with Mg (OH) ₂ . 2460g Added water 1 hour 1 day 4 days 8 days 16 days Viscosity (mPas) a) 96 110 130 140 160 b) 104 155

Neutralization of the carboxyl groups in the amphoteric polyelectrolyte with calcium and / or magnesium according to the present invention, despite the relatively high solids content, results in only a slight increase in dispersant than in Example 8.
Example 9 shows that better viscosities are obtained than with the same unneutralized ampholytic polyelectrolytes.

Example 10 A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having spherical particles having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in a dynomill (a diameter of 1 mm) according to the following formula. 0.6 grain container) to obtain a particle distribution curve (measured with Sedigraph 5100) in which 60% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm. Formulation 5000g Marble 20g Amphoteric cationic polymer represented by the above formula (III) (however, a = 95mol%, b = 5mol%) intrinsic viscosity 27.3m / g) 2.5g ratio of anion group and cation group is 1: 1 Exists in. Amphoteric copolymer similar to Example 1 (viscosity 37 mPas). Added before milling. 2.5g "The same as the first 2.5g added" was added during grinding 2742g Water 2 hours 1 day 4 days 8 days 16 days 30 days Viscosity (Cp) 450 450 520 615 730 830

By combining the amphoteric polyelectrolytes of this invention in accordance with this invention, it is possible to produce a transportable, non-sedimentable slurry of calcium carbonate by crushing roughly crushed rough stones.
0 indicates. The viscosity at high concentrations is good.

The marble slurries made in Manufacturing Examples 4 + 8 were compared for their retention during papermaking with the marble slurries currently commonly made with anionic dispersants. Test conditions Material: 80% Birch sulfate
Grinding degree 23 ° SR 20% Pine sulfate Retention aid 0.05% Polyacrylamide (Intrinsic viscosity 700m
l / g) Britt- of Paper Reseach Material of Syracuse, USA
Perform jar retention test 1. 275 ml of 2% fiber suspension (OD3.63 g fiber), 2
Introduce 75 ml of distilled water into Britt-jar. 2. Britt-jar stirrer at 700 rpm. 25.4 ml of a 3.5% suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments are added. 4. After 20 seconds, add the corresponding amount of retentive agent. 5. After another 25 seconds, the drain cock is opened to allow 100 ml of backwater to flow out.

6. The CaCO3 content in the backwater is H
It is measured by complexometric titration after digestion with Cl or flame AAS method. For the other minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments, the backwater is filtered through a membrane filter, ashed at 600 ° C. and made water-soluble, for example by alkali melt die aging with NaOH / KOH in a zirconium crucible. In acidic condition, A
Measured by AS. The respective minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments can be estimated in view of the corresponding conversion factors. 7. The filler retention can be calculated by the amount of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment added per 100 ml and the measured amount of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment per 100 ml of backwater. .

[0160] By using the marble suspension produced by the new production method of the present invention, without impairing the paper formation and the strength of the paper,
Filler retention can be increased, and its development is significantly improved.

The aqueous suspension of the present invention and the method for producing the suspension of the present invention have the following advantages. * Unlike previously known methods, high concentration (60% by weight or more) by wet crushing from roughly crushed rough stones
Suspensions of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments can be prepared.

* It is possible to increase the filler without significantly lowering the tear strength of the paper, which provides a significant economic advantage in paper production. Further, it has been found that the composition of the present invention can increase the filling degree from 15% to 17% by weight without significantly impairing the strength of the paper, especially the tear strength. * In a very recent practical test, it was found that the filler can be increased from 16% to 26% without compromising the properties of the paper.

* The suspension according to the invention has a low viscosity and excellent storage stability without sedimentation problems. * There is a great advantage in terms of filler retention during use, for example during papermaking. * Grinding and dispersion are possible under high grinding power and boiling temperature of water. * You can select the best ecological transportation.

A preferred embodiment of this invention is that the dispersant comprises one or more cationic polyelectrolytes and / or one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, and one or more It is characterized in that the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the non-neutral monomer units are predominantly a mixture of one or more partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes with a negative charge.

Hereinafter, the partially neutralized anionic or cationic polyelectrolyte and the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic or cationic polyelectrolyte will be referred to as the anionic polyelectrolyte of the present invention for the sake of simplicity. It is also referred to as the cationic polyelectrolyte of the present invention. The dispersant comprises one or more homopolymeric cationic polyelectrolytes and / or one or more copolymeric amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, and one or more homopolymeric and copolymeric Partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or mixtures of one or more amphoteric anion partially neutralized polyelectrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units have predominantly negative charges are available. . It is advantageous for the amphoteric kaolin polyelectrolyte, in which the khaotin polyelectrolyte and / or the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge, to have a positive charge-generating group on the substituents of the ethylene backbone.

Based on the main chain

[0167]

[Chemical 21]

Further preference is given to the substituents attached via the. In addition, the cationic polyelectrolyte has a quaternary ammonium group, and the non-neutral monomer unit mainly has a positive charge, and the amphoteric kaotine polyelectrolyte has a quaternary ammonium group and a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group and / or
Alternatively, it is advantageous to have a group containing an acidic phosphate ester.

The chaotic amphoteric polyelectrolyte has the formula (I
Particular preference is given to compounds which consist of one or more of the compounds according to V). That is, formula (IV):

[0170]

[Chemical formula 22]

[Wherein R ₁ , R ₅ and R ₆ are hydrogen atoms and / or R _{1 to} R ₆ are alkyl and / or aryl groups, and R ₅ is a group of the following formula,

[0172]

[Chemical formula 23]

(In the formula, X is an oxygen atom and / or N-
H; Y is _{-CH 2 -, - C 2 H} 4 -, - C 3 H 6 -, - C 4 H
₈ — or —CH ₅ H ₁₀ —) may be a group; n
Is from 20 to 3,000, and (An) ^- chloride and / or bromide and / or iodide ions and / or HSO ₄ is ^- and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ^- and /
Or nitrite ion].

In the above general formula (IV), R ₁ is a hydrogen atom or --CH ₃ ; R ₂ is --CH ₃ or --C ₂ H ₅ ;
R ₃ is -CH ₃ or -C ₂ H _5; R ₄ is -CH _3, -C _{2
H 5, -C 3 H 7,} -C 4 H 9 or isomers thereof; X is oxygen or N-H; Y is _{-CH 2 -, - C 2 H} 4 -, - C 3 H
_{6 -, - C 4 H 8} - or -C ₅ H ₁₀ -; if R ₅ and R ₆ is a hydrogen atom, in particular Y is - (CH _{2) 3} - and X is -NH
Is particularly advantageous.

It is especially advantageous that the amphoteric katin polyelectrolyte in which the non-neutral monomer units have a predominantly positive charge consists of one or more of the compounds of the group of compounds of formula (V) below. That is, equation (V):

[0176]

[Chemical formula 24]

[Wherein R ₁ , R ₅ , R ₆ and R ₇ are hydrogen atoms and / or R _{1 to} R ₇ are alkyl and / or aryl, and R ₅ is the following formula:

[0178]

[Chemical 25]

R ₈ and R ₉ may be a hydrogen atom and / or alkyl and / or aryl; R ₈ or R ₉ may be Z

[0180]

[Chemical formula 26]

In the case of

[0182]

[Chemical 27]

X may be an oxygen atom and / or
Or N-H; Y is -CH₂-, -C₂H _Four-, -C₃H
₆-, -C_FourH₈-Or-C_FiveH_Ten-; Z is

[0184]

[Chemical 28]

And / or

[0186]

[Chemical 29]

And / or

[0188]

Embedded image

And / or

[0190]

[Chemical 31]

And / or acidic phosphate group; a
Is 70 to 99 mol%, b is 1 to 30 mol%: n = 1-1
8; and (an)^-Is chlorine ion and / or bromine
Ions and / or iodides and / or HS
O_Four ^-And / or CH₃SO_Four ^-And / or nitrite
[Ion]. Amphoteric cationic polymer
The electrolyte is R in the above formula (v).₁Is a hydrogen atom
Kuha-CH₃; R₂Is -CH₃Or -C₂H_Five; R₃But-
CH₃Or -C₂H_Five; R_FourIs -CH₃, -C₂H_Five, −
C₃H₇, -C_FourH₉Or its isomer; X is also an oxygen atom
Or N-HY is -CH₂-, -C₂H_Four-, -C₃H₆-, -C_FourH₈−
Or -C_FiveH_Ten-; R _FiveAnd R₆Is a hydrogen atom; R₇Is hydrogen
Atom or -CH₃; R₈And R₉Is a hydrogen atom,
Is advantageous to.

[0192] Further (an,) ^- is a chlorine ion and Y - (CH
₂ ) ₃ − is particularly advantageous. It is particularly advantageous if the anionic, partially neutralized polyelectrolyte is a compound consisting of one or more compounds of the group of compounds of the formula (VI) below. That is, equation (VI):

[0193]

Embedded image

[Wherein Z is

[0195]

[Chemical 33]

Or

[0197]

Embedded image

And / or

[0199]

Embedded image

And / or

[0201]

Embedded image

And / or acidic phosphate group; R
₁ is a hydrogen atom or —CH ₃ ; R ₂ and R ₃ are a hydrogen atom and / or alkyl and / or aryl; and Z is

[0203]

Embedded image

Where R ₂ or R ₃ may be Z; u is + I and / or + II and / or + II
I; Ka is an alkali metal ion and / or an alkaline earth metal ion and / or an earth metal ion; W is 5
9 to 95 mol% / number of Z in monomer; V is 5 to 41 mol% divided by u; n = 1-12].

It is further advantageous that the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte is a mixture of one or more homo and / or copolymers of the compound of formula (VI) above. A compound in which the partially neutralized polyelectrolyte of the amphoteric cation, in which the non-neutral monomer unit has a predominantly negative potential, consists of one or more compounds of the group of compounds represented by the following formula (VII): Is advantageous.

That is, formula (VII):

[0207]

[Chemical 38]

[Wherein R ₁ , R ₅ , R ₆ and R ₇ are hydrogen atoms and / or R _{1 to} R ₇ are alkyl and / or aryl, and R ₅ is a group of the following formula;

[0209]

[Chemical Formula 39]

[0210] a A at best; R ₈ and R ₉ may be hydrogen atoms and / or alkyl and / or aryl; R ₈ or R ₉ is Z is

[0211]

[Chemical 40]

In case of

[0213]

Embedded image

X may be an oxygen atom and / or
Or N-H; Y is -CH₂-, -C₂H _Four-, -C₃H
₆-, -C_FourH₈-Or-C_FiveH_Ten-; Z is

[0215]

Embedded image

And / or

[0219]

[Chemical 43]

And / or

[0219]

[Chemical 44]

And / or

[0221]

Embedded image

And / or an acidic phosphate group
A may be 1 to 30 mol%, b may be 70 to 99 mol.
%: N = 1-18; and (an)^-Is chloride ion and
/ Or bromide ion and / or HSO 4-and / or
Or CH₃SO_Four ^-And / or nitrite ion]
Compound. Amphoteric anion partially neutralized
The prepared polyelectrolyte has the following formula (VII):₁But
Hydrogen atom or -CH₃; R₂Is -CH₃Or -C₂
H_Five; R₃Is -CH₃Or -C₂H_Five; R_FourIs -CH₃,
-C₂H_Five, -C₃H₇, -C_FourH₉Or its isomer; X
Is an oxygen atom or N-HY is -CH₂-, -C₂H_Four-, -C₃H₆-, -C_FourH₈−
Or -C_FiveH_Ten-; R _FiveAnd R₆Is a hydrogen atom; R₇Is hydrogen
Atom or -CH₃; R₈And R₉Is a hydrogen atom,
Is advantageous to.

[0223] Further (an,) ^- is a chlorine ion and Y - (CH
₂ ) ₃ ⁻ is particularly advantageous. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the partially anionically neutralized polyelectrolyte is a homopolymer and / or a copolymer, wherein the non-neutral monomer units are predominantly negatively charged and the amphoteric partially anionically neutralized anion. This is the case where the polymer electrolyte obtained has a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group and / or an acidic phosphate group.

In particular, the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte is partially neutralized polyacrylic acid and / or partially neutralized polymethacrylic acid and / or partially neutralized. The copolymer is particularly advantageous. In the anion partially neutralized polyelectrolyte and the amphoteric anion partially neutralized polyelectrolyte,
Advantageously, only the statistical part of the acidic groups is neutralized with monovalent and / or polyvalent cations.

It is convenient to use as the cation an alkali metal ion and / or an alkaline earth metal ion and / or an earth metal ion and / or an amine ion and / or an alkanolamine ion and / or a quaternary ammonium ion. Is particularly preferably used as cation, Na ⁺ and / or K ⁺ and / or Li ⁺ and / or NH ₄ ⁺ and / or Ca ²⁺ and / or Mg ²⁺ and / or Sr ²⁺ . Very good results are obtained in particular when the cation is an alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal cation, in particular an alkali metal cation, in particular Na ⁺ . NH ₄
⁺ Is particularly / unsuitable because it gives off an unpleasant odor and is harmful to health.

Particularly suitable dispersants of the present invention are compounds represented by the above formula (IV) and / or the above formula (V)
A mixture of the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte represented by the formula (1) and the compound represented by the formula (VI) and / or the polyelectrolyte partially neutralized with the amphoteric anion represented by the formula (V). As the dispersant, a mixture of compounds represented by the following formula (VIII) is particularly preferable. That is, the formula (VII
I):

[0227]

Embedded image

[Wherein (cat) ⁺ is an alkali metal ion and / or an alkaline earth metal ion and / or an earth metal ion and / or an amine ion and / or an alkanolamine ion and / or a quaternary ammonium ion; (an,) ^- is chloride, bromide,
Iodine ion, HSO ₄ ⁻ , CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion; a = 60 to 99 mol%, b = 1 to 40 mol%,
z = 1 to 70 mol%, w = 30 to 99 mol%].

Particularly preferred dispersants are represented by the above formula (VIII), in which (cat) ⁺ is an alkali metal ion and / or an alkaline earth metal ion; (an) ⁻ is a chloride ion and / or
Or bromide ion and / or iodide ion and /
Or HSO ₄ ⁻ and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion; a = 80 to 98 mol%, b = 2 to 20 mol%, z = 2 to 50 mol%, w = 50 to 98 mol%. It is a mixture of the compounds of.

Preferred dispersants are also those of the formula (VIII) above, in which (cat) ⁺ is Na ⁺ and / or K ⁺ and / or Li ⁺ and / or Ca ²⁺ and / or Mg ^2+.
And / or Sr ^2+; (an) ^- is chloride ion and /
Or bromide ion and / or iodide ion and /
Or HSO ₄ ⁻ and / or CH ₃ SO ₄ ⁻ and / or nitrite ion; a = 85 to 97 mol%, b = 3 to 15 mol%, z = 3 to 30 mol%, w = 70 to 97 mol%. It is a mixture of the compounds of.

The dispersant mixture is represented by the above formula (VIII), (cat) ⁺ is an alkali metal ion; (an) ⁻ is a halogen ion; a = 90 to 96 mol%, b = 4 to 10 mol%. ,
Very particularly favorable results are obtained with mixtures of compounds with z = 4 to 20 mol% and w = 80 to 96 mol%. The mixture of the dispersants is represented by the above formula (VIII), wherein (cat) ⁺ is Na ⁺ ; (an) ⁻ is chloride ion; a is 95 mol% and b is 5
Excellent results are obtained in the case of a mixture of compounds in which mol%, z = 5 mol% and w is 95 mol%.

The anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte are alkali metal ions and / or
Alkaline earth ions and / or earth metal ions and / or amine ions and / or alkanolamine ions and / or quaternary ammonium ions, which are partially neutralized, are preferred, in particular alkali metal ions and Na ⁺ is suitable among the alkaline earth ions and / or especially the alkaline metal ions.

In the anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte, it is convenient to neutralize 1 to 70 mol% of the acid groups. Particularly preferred results are obtained when 2 to 60 mol%, especially 3 to 30 mol%, of the acidic groups are neutralized, and maximum results are obtained when the degree of neutralization is 5 to 10 mol%. +2 for non-neutralized polyacrylic acid
It is not suitable because it begins to crystallize easily at 0 ° C. and is no longer usable. Once crystallization begins, the polymer solution must be heated to 100 ° C. to dissolve the crystals again. It is not conceivable to use non-neutralized polyacrylic acid in winter and cold regions.

The specific viscosity μ of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte in the mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes is ) Morphology of from 0.2 to 1.0 is advantageous. It is particularly advantageous when μ is between 0.35 and 0.6, and very particularly advantageous when μ is 0.55.

Cationic polyelectrolytes and / or in a mixture of partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or partially neutralized polyelectrolytes of amphoteric anions
Alternatively, the degree of polymerization of the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte is advantageously in the range of 5 ml / g to 50 ml / g as measured by intrinsic viscosity. Particularly advantageous is the range from 15 ml / g to 40 ml / g, with the range from 25 ml / g to 35 ml / g being particularly preferred.

The mixture of dispersants comprises 70 to 98% by weight of a cationic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte and 2 to 30% by weight of an anion partially neutralized polyelectrolyte and Mixtures composed of / or anionic polyelectrolytes partially neutralized with amphoteric are preferred. Further advantageous dispersant mixtures are 75-9
5% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolyte of the invention, and 5
-25% by weight of the anionic polyelectrolyte of the invention. Even more advantageous is 80-90% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolytes of the invention, and 10-90%.
20% by weight of the anionic polyelectrolyte dispersant mixture of this invention. Particularly advantageous is a mixture of 80 or 90% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolyte according to the invention with 20 or 10% by weight of the anionic polyelectrolyte according to the invention.

The mixing ratio of cationic polyelectrolyte to amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte in the mixture of partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes is between 0 and. Preference is given to 100% by weight of cationic polyelectrolytes and 100 to 0% by weight of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes. Preferred is a mixing ratio of 0 to 30% by weight of cationic polyelectrolyte and 70 to 100% by weight of amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte, and particularly preferred is 0 to 20% by weight of cationic polyelectrolyte and 80 to 1
It is a mixing ratio of 00% by weight of an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte.

The molar composition of the individual components of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte in the mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes ranges from 0 to.
100 mol% acrylic acid and 100-0 mol% other monomers. Other monomers have carboxyl and / or sulfonic acid groups and / or acidic phosphate groups.

The molar composition of the individual components of the partially neutralized anionic amphoteric polyelectrolyte in the mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes is between 0 and 99 mol% of acrylic acid. Those which are 100 to 1 mol% of other monomers are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred results are obtained when the other monomer has a carboxyl group and / or a sulfonic acid group and / or an acidic phosphoric acid ester group and / or one or more compounds of the group of compounds represented by the above formula (IV). can get.

It is especially advantageous if the anionic polyelectrolyte is partially neutralized acrylic acid. Advantageously, 2-80 mol% of the acidic groups of the anionic polyelectrolyte are neutralized, particularly preferably 3-70 mol%. It is also very particularly advantageous for 3 to 10 mol% to be neutralized. According to the invention, the mineral or filler or pigment is a main group element of the second period and / or a main group element of the third period and / or the fourth group of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
It contains certain elements of the subgroup of the period. Preference is given to using minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments which contain calcium and / or silicon and / or aluminum and / or titanium.
Calcium carbonate-containing minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments are preferred. Particularly preferred are natural calcium carbonate and / or precipitated calcium carbonate and / or marble and / or chalk and / or dolomite-containing calcium carbonate.

The aqueous suspension comprises 97.0 to 99.89% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water and 0.11 to 3.0% by weight of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and parts. 60% to 80% by weight of solids with respect to dry minerals or dry fillers or pigments with a mixture of partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes. Are preferred.

The aqueous suspension contains 98.5 to 99.8% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water,
0.2-1.5% by weight of a cationic polyelectrolyte and an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte and a partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or a mixture of partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte, Solid content of 60 with respect to dry minerals or dry fillers or dry pigments
It is preferably about 75% by weight.

The aqueous suspension contains from 99.2 to 99.65% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water,
35-0.8% by weight of a mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes Good results are obtained when the solids are comprised between 60 and 70% by weight with respect to the dry mineral or dry filler or dry pigment.

Aqueous suspension is 99.6% by weight or 99.05
% Or 99.1% by weight of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments and water, 0.4% by weight or
0.95% or 0.9% by weight of a mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes Consisting of 67% by weight or 67% by weight of solid content, with respect to dry inorganic substance, dry filler or dry pigment
Or 60% by weight, 60% by weight or 70% of the particles
Excellent results are obtained if the wt% or 90 wt% have a particle distribution with a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm.

The anionic and / or amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes in the mixture of cationic and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes are partially neutralized with monovalent and / or polyvalent cations. Is advantageous. The anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte in the mixture of cationic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes are alkali metal ions and / or amines and / or alkanolamines and / or quaternary ammonium compounds. Particularly good results are obtained, especially when partially neutralized with Na ⁺ and / or Ca ²⁺ and / or Mg ²⁺ .

The intrinsic viscosity of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte used in the aqueous suspension is preferably in the range of 9.2 to 48.5 ml / g, 16.2
Those in the range of 31.2 ml / g are particularly preferable. A further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention features the following steps: That is, (a) an aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments is wet milled with the dispersion-milling agent mixture of the present invention, and (b) a partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or Or part of a partially neutralized amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, and (c) a partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or a partially neutralized amphoteric anion Part of the polyelectrolyte is added during grinding and / or (d) one part of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte is ground. Or (f) the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte is completely added before grinding, or (f) a part of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. (G) a portion of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte during pulverization and / or (h) a cationic polyelectrolyte and / or a high amphoteric cation. In this method, a part of the molecular electrolyte is added after pulverization.

A particularly advantageous method is the following method. That is, (a) 10-90% by weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, and (b) partially 10-90% by weight of neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte
And / or (c) 0-80% by weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte are added after milling. , (D) 50 to 100% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, and then (e) 0 to 50% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte. % Of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or (f) cationic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte
Is added after pulverization.

Good results are obtained using the following method. That is, (a) 20 to 40% by weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, then
(b) partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and /
Or of partially neutralized amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes
60-80 wt% is added during milling, and / or (c) 0-20 of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte
% By weight after grinding, (d) 50-100% by weight of cationic polyelectrolyte and / or cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte before grinding, and (e) cationic polyelectrolyte and / or cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte. 0 to 50% by weight of the molecular electrolyte is added during milling and / or (f) 0 of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte
-50% by weight is added after pulverization.

Very good results are obtained using the following method. That is, (a) 25-35% by weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte is added before grinding, and (b) partially 65 to 75% by weight of the neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte are added during milling, and / or
(c) partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and /
Or of partially neutralized amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes
0-10 wt% is added after crushing, and (d) 70% of cationic polyelectrolyte and / or cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte
~ 100% by weight prior to grinding and (e) 0% of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte.
-30% by weight is added during pulverization, and / or 0-30% by weight of (f) cationic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte is added after pulverization.

Excellent results are obtained by the following method. (a) partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and /
Or of partially neutralized amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes
30% by weight is added before grinding and (b) 70% by weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte is added during grinding. And (c) 100% by weight of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the cationic amphoteric polyelectrolyte are added before grinding.

According to the invention, the aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments is used for papermaking. Other applications include surface treatment (paper surface pigment treatment in the size press process of paper machines), paper coating treatment, precoat and topcoat applications in paper coating, and wood for impurity control. Applications in pulp (control of pitch), applications in reducing COD of circulating water in paper machines (reduction of chemical oxygen demand), applications in wastewater treatment refineries, anionically stabilized pigments and / or Alternatively, there is an application of precoagulating a suspension of an inorganic material and / or a filler during papermaking or precoagulation (immobilization of coating slip in a coating device).

[0252] The present invention is capable of pulverizing with a high solid content of 60% or more to obtain an inorganic substance and / or a filler and / or
Alternatively, we have succeeded in producing a suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments in which the pigment particles are positively statically and possibly sterically stabilized. Since the viscosity of the suspension is stable for several weeks, for example, the retention rate during papermaking is excellent.

Surprisingly unexpected is that of one or more cationic polyelectrolytes and / or one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and one or more partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric anions. A suitable combination of partially neutralized polyelectrolytes and polyelectrolytes before, during and / or after the milling process under conditions of high shear and temperature during wet milling. With the appropriate point of addition of, the polymers of opposite charge do not neutralize each other and consequently the polymer does not coagulate. On the other hand, optimum pulverization and stabilization of the suspension are performed by the following actions of the anionic polyelectrolyte of the present invention.

That is, the anionic polyelectrolyte of the present invention comprises (a) probably between the particles of the inorganic substance and / or the filler and / or the pigment and the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte of the present invention. Of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are fixed on the surface of the inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment, and the particles of the inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment are By imparting a positive charge, thus stabilizing the system with positive static electricity, and (b) according to the invention by further adding anionic polyelectrolytes of the invention during and / or after milling, Possibly bridging between the cationic polymer chains of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. A superlattice structure is formed which acts as a former and sterically stabilizes the particles of the inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment, and more than when the total amount of the anionic polyelectrolyte of the invention is added at the start of milling. At high concentrations, a fairly low and stable viscosity is obtained.

Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the degree of neutralization of the anionic polyelectrolytes according to the invention with monovalent and / or polyvalent cations depends on the mineral and / or filler and / or
It also has a decisive influence on the storage stability of the suspension of pigments, ie the consistency of the viscosity of the suspension over time. With the 100 mol% sodium-neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte used in the examples of European Patent Application 0278602 A1, the viscosity increases over time. The suspension becomes unusable.

On the other hand, when the anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte partially neutralized by the present invention with monovalent and / or polyvalent cations are used, the viscosity is from several days to several weeks. Stable and proportional to the degree of neutralization. The lower the degree of neutralization with a monovalent cation, the better the storage stability. 5 is the most suitable
The degree of neutralization is 10 mol%. Multivalent cations such as calcium and / or magnesium have less negative impact on storage stability.

Due to the non-neutralized anionic polyelectrolytes, in particular polyacrylic acid, a problem arises in that usually 40% by weight aqueous solutions of polymers are very viscous and generally the crystallization temperature is above 0.degree. Polyacrylic acid crystallizes at 20 ° C. This causes metering and dispensing problems, especially in the cold season of one year and especially in Scandinavia. In addition, the liquid is irregularly distributed, and the viscosity of the produced inorganic substance and / or filler and / or pigment suspension is greatly changed. However, this is not the case with the anionic polyelectrolytes of the present invention.

Good storage stability with respect to viscosity and settling behaviour, in order to prevent this material from becoming unusable.
Especially for transport and large storage tanks, it is of crucial importance. Depending on the suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments produced according to the invention, the place of production (where the suspensions of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments are produced) and the location of the user (for example a paper mill) ) Can be freely selected. The production site can therefore be adapted to the geological production of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment raw materials,
It is not necessary to consider the location of the customer for purely theoretical reasons.

Dry mineral and / or filler and / or
Alternatively, an aqueous suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments with a solids content of 60% by weight or more for the pigments is produced according to the invention by grinding rough rough stones, but with a partial medium The combination of a hydrated anionic polyelectrolyte and / or a partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte and a cationic polyelectrolyte and / or an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte provides a high cationic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric cation All or part of the polyelectrolyte and only part of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte are added at the start of milling and then the Used in a manner of adding another portion of the anionic polyelectrolyte during and / or after grinding,
As a result, the viscosity decreases.

Since the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte are present in excess, there is a positive charge on the particles of the mineral and / or filler and / or pigment, but the anionic polyelectrolyte of the invention is And / or during milling of the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte and / or
Alternatively, further addition after milling resulted in a significant decrease in viscosity, which was unexpected.

By partially neutralizing the anionic polyelectrolytes and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes with mono- and / or polyvalent cations according to the invention, furthermore, a very stable solution for several weeks is obtained. A viscosity is obtained. This effect was not obtained with any of the prior art yarns. In prior art references, milling had to be stopped before the desired fineness was reached due to the jamming mill. The clogging of the mill was due to a significant increase in viscosity during grinding.

This increase in viscosity is probably because the polyelectrolyte of the cationic polymer and the polyelectrolyte of the anionic polymer usually react to form a salt, neutralize each other and precipitate. Depending on the combination of the polymer electrolyte of the present invention and the time of addition of the present invention, the viscosity did not increase unexpectedly, and conversely, the viscosity was not sufficiently explained, but decreased significantly. Even if the anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte of the present invention is added during and / or after the grinding, as expected, the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte will be added. There is no effect to neutralize the charge. The particle distribution, concentration and low viscosity of the mineral and / or filler and / or pigment suspension, which are ideal for the user, mainly for the paper industry, can be obtained in one operating step by means of the process according to the invention, so that it is very economical. And quality advances.

-The concentration of the aqueous slurry is preferably 60 to 70% by weight based on the dry inorganic matter. -According to the invention, the raw material before the crushing step has an equivalent mean diameter of spherical particles of 10 to 50 m (Sedigraph 5100).
Measurement) is preferable. Thus, when pulverizing anionic and / or amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes according to the invention, the polyelectrolyte is, with regard to its chemical properties, inconsistent with the pulverization of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments. It is believed that it adheres to the newly formed surface and possibly acts as a bridge former between the mineral and / or filler and / or pigment and the cationic and / or amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. The cationic polyelectrolyte appropriately fixed in this way and / or
Alternatively, the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte imparts a positive charge to the inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment particles. Furthermore, the anionic and / or amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes according to the invention, which are added in a later step to a suspension of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments, are presumably due to the invention By head
It is believed that it acts as a bridge former between the polymer chains of the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte, possibly producing a larger polymer chain structure that provides more steric stabilization of the inorganic particles.

At the time of grinding, the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or
Or the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte is bound to the surface of the mineral and / or filler and / or pigment, possibly with the aid of the anionic polyelectrolyte and / or amphoteric anion of the invention, acting as a carrier of positive charge, As a result, it is believed that the particles of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment are stabilized with a positive charge.

Moreover, probably due to a bridge formed between the anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte of the present invention and the cationic polyelectrolyte and / or the amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. , The mineral and / or filler and / or pigment particles are believed to be sterically stabilized.
Anionic polyelectrolytes and / or amphoteric anionic polyelectrolytes of the invention, and cationic polyelectrolytes and / or
Or a mixture with an amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte, which is used according to the invention before grinding, is a partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or a partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte vs. cationic polyelectrolyte and/
Or the ratio of amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte is 1:10
1:40, 1:12 for marble objects, 1:30 for champagne chokes. Depending on the concentration and the desired final viscosity, the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte and / or the partially neutralized amphoteric anionic polyelectrolyte are added again during and / or after milling. The amount added is preferably about twice the amount before pulverization.

Additional Examples of the Invention Example 11 A test was performed as in Reference Example 1a (prior art) except that the partially neutralized polyacrylic acid of Example 12 was used. Example 11 clearly shows that the use of partially neutralized polyacrylic acid gives remarkably good storage stability over several weeks, unlike Reference Example 1a (prior art).

Example 12 60% of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (Sedigr
a 70% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with a particle distribution having a.
% Of the above formula (III) (where a = 95 mol%, b = 5)
% Of amphoteric cationic polymer (copolymer) (intrinsic viscosity: 27.3 m / g) and polyacrylic acid partially neutralized with caustic soda (10 moles of carboxyl groups were neutralized) It was dispersed with vigorous stirring (8,000 rpm, agitator blade diameter 50 mm) together with 0.06% by weight with respect to dry marble having a specific viscosity, that is, a molecular weight. The purpose of this series of tests is to determine the optimal specific viscosity or molecular weight of the partially neutralized anionic polyelectrolyte.

[0268] The optimal specific viscosity of the partially neutralized polyacrylate is 0.
35 to 0.54.

Example 13 60% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (Se
A 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with a particle distribution having digraph 5100)
0.33% by weight of the same copolymer as in Example 12 except that the intrinsic viscosities or molecular weights were different, and 0.
With 06% by weight of the partially neutralized polyacrylate of Example 12 with a specific viscosity of 0.35, vigorously stir (8000 r
pm, diameter of stirring blade 50 mm) and dispersed.

Suspension intrinsic viscosity (ml / g) 1 hour after dispersion of cationic copolymer Viscosity of suspension (m Pas) 9.2 730 12.8 500 15.5 350 16.2 156 31.2 112 48.5 840 The optimum intrinsic viscosity of the above cationic polymer used is 15
ml / g to 40 ml / g.

Example 14 60% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (Se
70% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with particle distribution having digraph 5100)
0.33% by weight of the copolymer of Example 12 and 0.06% by weight of dry marble of polyacrylic acid (specific viscosity 0.35)
Then, it was dispersed with vigorous stirring (8000 rpm stirrer blade diameter 50 mm) together with the one in which the degree of carboxyl group neutralization with caustic soda was changed.

Degree of Neutralization of Carboxyl Group of Polyacrylic Acid (mol%) Viscosity of Suspension (m Pas) 1 hour 6 days 12 days 18 days 100 148 640 1560> 3000 70 128 350 1075 1420 50 112 176 720 1075 30 112 172 460 720 720 11 112 128 172 156 The best long-term stability is obtained with 5 to 10 mol% of polyacrylic acid neutralized with carboxyl groups.

Example 15 60% by weight of particles had a spherical equivalent diameter (Se) of less than 2 μm.
70% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble with particle distribution having digraph 5100)
Vigorously agitated with 0.33% by weight of the copolymer of Example 12 of different mol% composition and 0.06% by weight of partially neutralized polyacrylate on dry marble (Example 12 with a specific viscosity of 0.35). (8,000 rpm, agitator blade diameter 50 mm) and dispersed. The optimum monomer composition of the cationic polyelectrolyte is 95 mol% of the cation compound and 5 mol% of the anion compound.

Example 16 Equivalent mean value of spherical particles 67% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble having a diameter of 12 μm (measured by Sedigraph 5100) was used in the following formulation using a glass crushed body (diameter 1 mm).
Milled by ill (0.6 milling container), 60% by weight of particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (S
The particle distribution was obtained (measured with edigraph 5100). Formulation 5000 g Marble 15 g Cationic copolymer used in Example 1.35 g Polyacrylic acid (specific viscosity 0.54), 5 mol% of the carboxyl groups were neutralized with NaOH. Added before grinding.

3.15 g Polyacrylic acid (specific viscosity 0.54), 5 mol% of the carboxyl groups were neutralized with NaOH. Added during grinding. 2472g Water 2 hours 1 day 5 days 10 days 20 days Viscosity mPas 200 116 148 104 104 Fine inorganic and / or fine particles produced by grinding, depending on the combination of the anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes of this invention. Example 16 clearly shows that suspensions of fillers and / or pigments can also give very low viscosities that are stable over many weeks.

Example 17 Spherical particles having an equivalent average diameter of 12 μm (Cedigraph 5100
67% by weight of an aqueous slurry of champagne chokes (measured in 1.) was pulverized by a Dynomill (0.6 crushing container) using a glass crushing body (diameter 1 mm) according to the following formulation, and 67% by weight of particles were smaller than 2 μm in spherical shape. A particle distribution curve with an equivalent diameter (measured with a pedigraph 5100) was obtained. Formulation 5000 g Champagne chalk 25 g Cationic copolymer used in Example 12 0.5 g Polyacrylic acid (specific viscosity 0.54) in which 5 mol% of carboxyl groups was neutralized with NaOH was added before grinding. 2472g Water 1 hour later 1 day 5 days later Viscosity (mPas) 2400 3900> 5000 2.5g Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). 5 minutes after crushing, with vigorous stirring (8000 rpm, agitator blade diameter 50 mm) 1 hour later 1 day later 5 days later 10 days later 20 days later Viscosity (mPas) 235 230 200 200 210 It is clear from Example 17 that the additional additions result in a significant decrease in viscosity, which is stable for several weeks.

Example 18 Equivalent mean diameter of spherical particles was 12 μm (Ceddy Glass 5100).
Dyno using a 60% by weight aqueous slurry of natural marble (measured in step 1) with a glass pulverized body (diameter 1 mm) having the following formulation
Grinding with a mill (0.6 grinding container) gave a particle distribution curve in which 88% by weight of the particles had a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (measured with a sedgraph 5100). Formulation 5000 g Marble 40 g Cationic copolymer of Example 12 1.35 g Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added before milling. Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with 2.65 g NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added during milling. 3363g Water 1 hour 1 day 4 days 8 days 11 days Viscosity (mPas) 500 520 400 400 390 Very high fineness used in paint formulations is obtained by crushing rough rough stones with high concentration It could be produced without problems.

Example 19 The equivalent average diameter of spherical particles was 18 μm (Sedigraph 5100).
67% by weight of an aqueous slurry of natural champagne chokes (measured in 1) by a Dynomill (0.6 crushing container) using a glass crusher (diameter 1) with the following formulation, and 67% by weight of particles having a spherical shape smaller than 2 μm. A particle distribution curve with an equivalent diameter (measured with a pedigraph 5100) was obtained. Formulation 5000 g Champagne chokes 37.5 g Cationic copolymer of Example 12 1.35 g Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added before milling. Polyacrylic acid (specific viscosity 0.54) in which 5 mol% of the carboxyl groups had been neutralized with 7.65 g NaOH was added during grinding. 2486g Water 1 hour 1 day 4 days 7 days Viscosity (mPas) 212 170 132 124

Example 20 The natural marble used in Example 16 was placed vertically with a glass mill (1 to 2 mm in diameter) Perlmill (Sussme).
rier, 180 vol.) on a pilot plant scale to produce 63 wt% particles at a concentration of 67.6 wt% solids,
A particle distribution curve with a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm was obtained. A 50 ton suspension was made in batches of approximately 600 kg. Formulation 400 kg Marble 1.4 kg Cationic copolymer of Example 12 0.12 kg Polyacrylic acid having 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added before grinding. Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with 0.24 kg NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added during grinding. The throughput of 197 g water Perlmill per hour was 500 l slurry / hr. 1 hour 1 day 7 days 14 days 21 days Viscosity (cP) 230 230 150 150 160

Example 21 Perlmill (Sussme) was used in which the natural marble used in Example 16 was installed vertically using a glass crushed body (diameter 1-2 mm).
rier, 180 vol.), milled on a pilot plant scale to yield 70 wt% particles at a concentration of 70.6 wt%, 2 μm.
A particle distribution curve with a smaller spherical equivalent diameter was obtained. 4 tons of this slurry was prepared in batches of about 600 kg each. Formulation 400 kg Marble 2.0 kg Cationic copolymer of Example 12 0.12 kg Polyacrylic acid in which 5 mol% of carboxyl groups were neutralized with NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added before grinding. Polyacrylic acid with 5 mol% of carboxyl groups neutralized with 0.36 kg NaOH (specific viscosity 0.54). Added during grinding. The amount of 168 g water treated per hour was 500 l suspension / hr. After 1 hour After 1 day After 7 days After 14 days After 21 days Viscosity (mPas) 450 420 400 400 400

Example 22 A 70% by weight aqueous titanium dioxide slurry having a particle distribution in which 94% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (Sedigraph, measured on 5100) is subjected to high shear (8000 rpm). , With a stirrer blade diameter of 50 mm).

Example 23 A 65% by weight titanium dioxide aqueous slurry having a particle distribution in which 94% by weight of the particles have a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (Sedigraph, measured on 5100) is subjected to high shear (8000 rpm, Dispersion was carried out under a stirrer blade diameter of 50 mm).

Example 24 A 60 wt% aqueous slurry of natural CaSO ₄ having a particle distribution (Sedin graph, 5100) with 23 wt% particles having a spherical equivalent diameter of less than 2 μm (under a high shear force ( The dispersion was carried out at 8000 rpm and the diameter of the stirrer blade was 50 mm).

Example 25 63% by weight of an aqueous slurry of CaCO ₃ (74.5% slurry of Example 7) and dry talc 47 having an equivalent spherical diameter of less than 2 μm (Cedigraph, measured on 5100).
% By weight under high shear (8000 rpm, agitator blade diameter 5
0 mm) to give a 1: 1 mixture of talc / CaCO ₃ .

Use Examples The marble slurries made in Manufacturing Examples 20 + 21 were tested for retention during papermaking in comparison with marble slurries currently made with conventional anionic dispersants. Test conditions: Raw material: 80% birch sulfate Grinding degree 23 ° S
R 20% pine sulphate retention aid 0.05% polyacrylamide (intrinsic viscosity 700m / g) Br from Paper Research Material of Syracuse, USA
Introduction 2% fiber suspension exemplary 1.275ml of retention test by itt-jar (the fiber OD 3.63 g) and distilled water 275ml the Britt-jan.

2. Britt-jan stirrer at 700 rpm. 25.4 m of 3.5% mineral and / or filler and / or pigment suspension is added. 4. After 20 seconds, add the corresponding amount of retentive agent. 5. After another 25 seconds, open the drain cock to drain 100 ml of backwater.

6. The CaCO ₃ content in the backwater is measured by the complexometric titration method after digestion with HCl or by the flame AAS method. For other minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments, the backwater is filtered through a membrane filter, carbonized at 600 ° C. and made water-soluble, for example by alkali melt digestion with NaOH / KOH in a zirconium crucible. , Measured by AAS in acidic condition. The respective minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments can be estimated in view of the corresponding conversion factors. 7. Of minerals and / or fillers and / or pigments
The filler retention can be calculated from the input amount per 100 ml and the measured amount of mineral and / or filler and / or pigment per 100 ml of backwater.

[0288]

[0289]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY By using the marble suspension produced by the novel production method of the present invention, the retention rate of the filler can be increased without impairing the paper formation and the strength of the paper,
The development will make significant progress. The aqueous suspension of the present invention and the method for producing the suspension of the present invention have the following advantages, among others.

* Unlike conventional methods, a high-concentration (60 wt% or more) inorganic and / or filler and / or pigment suspension can be produced by wet grinding from rough rough stones. . * The resulting suspension has a low viscosity and excellent storage stability. * When used, for example, during papermaking, there is a great advantage in the retention rate of the filler. * Grinding and dispersion can be carried out under high boiling power and boiling point of water.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C02F 1/52 ZAB A C09D 17/00 PUJ D21H 17/67

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. The substance to be dispersed has a solid content of 60% by weight.
As described above, the dispersant comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of an inorganic substance, a filler, and a pigment, and the dispersant has the number of negative charges of the anion monomer unit equal to the number of positive charges of the cation monomer unit. , Amphoteric polyelectrolytes containing anionic and cationic monomer units, amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes in which non-neutral monomer units each have a predominantly positive charge, and amphoteric anions in which non-neutral monomer units each predominantly have a negative charge. It comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of molecular electrolytes, the substance to be dispersed has a neutral or positive charge to the outside, and the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, amphoteric polyelectrolyte and amphoteric The weight average molecular weight (MW) of the cationic polyelectrolyte is
Within the range of 60,000 to 200,000, except for the above polymer electrolyte having an aziridine group, an aqueous suspension for the paper industry containing a substance to be dispersed and a dispersant. 2. The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, wherein the amphoteric polyelectrolyte further contains a neutral monomer unit. 3. The dispersant comprises: (a) one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, (b) a mixture of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, (c) one or more A mixture of an amphoteric polyelectrolyte and one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, (d) one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes, one or more amphoteric cation polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes A mixture of (e) one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric slightly cationic cation polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes, and (f) one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes A mixture of one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes, (g) one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, and 1 Slightly anion with more than one sex A mixture with a polyelectrolyte, (h) one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes, (i) one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, (j) one or more amphoteric cationic polyelectrolytes and one or more A mixture with an amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, (k) a mixture of one or more amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric anion polyelectrolytes, (l) one or more amphoteric cation polyelectrolytes and 1 Mixtures of polyampholytes with above amphoteric and slightly anionic, (m) Mixtures of polyelectrolytes with slightly above 1 amphoteric and slightly cationic with one or more amphoteric and slightly anion, (n) A mixture of one or more amphoteric polyelectrolytes and one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes, (o) one or more amphoteric and slightly anionic polyelectrolytes,
And (p) one or more components selected from the group consisting of one or more cationic polyelectrolytes and a mixture of amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolytes, wherein the one or more polyelectrolytes are partially intermediate. The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, wherein the substance to be dispersed is dispersed and has a neutral or positive electric charge to the outside. 4. The functional group which produces a positive charge in the amphoteric polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte and the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte is a substituent of the ethylene main chain of the polyelectrolyte, and a quaternary ammonium group. , A carboxyl group, consisting of a component selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid group and an acidic phosphate ester group, a functional group which produces a negative charge in the amphoteric polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte and the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, [Chemical 1] The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, which is bound to the main chain through a component selected from the group consisting of: 5. The amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte are represented by the following formula: Wherein, (an,) ^- chlorine ion, bromine ion, iodine _{^{ion, HSO 4 -, CH 3 SO}} 4 - and be a component selected from the group consisting of nitrite _{ion; R 1, R 5, R} 6 And R ₇ is independently a component selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, alkyl and aryl; R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ are independently components selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl; R ₈ and R ₉ are each independently a component selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl and aryl when Z is other than —CO ₂ H, a hydrogen atom, alkyl when Z is —CO ₂ H, an alkyl, Is a component selected from the group consisting of aryl and -CO ₂ H; X is an oxygen atom or NH; Y is a group represented by (CH ₂ ) n (wherein n is 1 to 5). Yes; Z is Is a component (n is 1 to 18) selected from the group consisting of acidic phosphoric acid ester groups; a and b are the relative amounts of each monomer represented by a subscript in the formula. And the overall average molar ratio of a to b is in the range of 5:95 to 99: 1. 6. The aqueous solution according to claim 5, wherein the substituent Z is partially neutralized by an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation or a continuation thereof, and the neutralization degree of Z is 1 to 99 mol%. Suspension. 7. The aqueous suspension according to claim 6, wherein the neutralization degree of Z with an alkali metal cation is 1 to 25 mol%. 8. The cation is a divalent ion, a trivalent ion, or N.
An aqueous suspension according to claim 5, wherein Z is fully neutralized when selected from the group consisting of H ₄ ⁺ , primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines and quaternary ammonium ions. . 9. The substituent Z is non-neutralized.
Aqueous suspension as described. 10. R ₈ or R ₉ is And a zwitterionic anion polyelectrolyte is used in combination with an amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte such that the particles have a neutral or positive surface charge, then a and b are groups consisting of That is, amphoteric anion amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 5 to 49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 99 mol% b = 51 to 95 mol% b = 50 mol% b = 49 to 1 mol% and and and a = 47 to 49 mol% a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 80 mol% b = 51 to 53 mol% b = 50 mol% b = 49 to 20 mol% Suspension. 11. The aqueous suspension of claim 5, wherein the molar ratio of anionic charge to cationic charge is in the range 55:45 to 51:49. 12. The polyelectrolyte has the formula: [Wherein When C is zero Z is zero; (cat) ⁺ is one or more components selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations and amines; (an) ⁻ = is a halide ion The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, which is a compound represented by 13. The following molar ratios of a, b and c, that is, amphoteric anion amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 49 to 47 a = 50 mol% a = 51 to 80 mol% b + c = 51 to 53 mol% b = 13. Aqueous suspension according to claim 12, present in 50 mol% b + c = 49-20 mol%. 14. The polyelectrolyte, excluding purely cationic polyelectrolytes, has an anion component with a degree of neutralization of 0.1 to 100 mol% based on neutralization with alkaline earth metal cations. The aqueous suspension according to claim 1. 15. The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, which additionally contains a cationic polyelectrolyte. 16. Dispersed substance and water together comprise 97.0 to 99.97% by weight of the aqueous suspension and the ampholytic polyelectrolyte comprises 0.03 to 3.0% by weight of the aqueous suspension, a dry dispersion. 2. Aqueous suspension according to claim 1, wherein the solids content is 60-80% by weight, based on the substance obtained. 17. The dispersed substance is one or more components of the group consisting of a main group element of the second period, a main group element of the third period, and a subgroup element of the fourth period of the periodic table of elements; calcium-containing. 2. Aqueous solution according to claim 1, selected from the following: calcium, silicon-containing, aluminum-containing or titanium-containing dispersed substances; calcium carbonate; natural calcium carbonate; precipitated calcium carbonate; marble; chalk; dolomite and dolomite-containing calcium carbonate. Suspension. 18. The dispersant comprises an amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte and a formula: [In the formula, When C is zero Z is zero; (cat) ⁺ is one or more components selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations and amines; (an) ⁻ is a halide ion A, b, and c each represent a relative amount of each monomer represented by a subscript in the formula], and a mixture with an amphoteric polyelectrolyte represented by the formula;
The a, b and c are present in the following molar ratios: amphoteric amphoteric cation a = 50 mol% a = 70-99 mol% b + c = 50 mol% b = 30-1 mol%. Aqueous suspension of. 19. The dispersant comprises a polyelectrolyte of amphoteric and slightly anionic and a formula: [In the formula, When C is zero Z is zero; (cat) ⁺ is one or more components selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations and amines; (an) ⁻ is a halide ion A, b and c each represent a relative amount of each monomer represented by a subscript in the formula], and a, b and c are a mixture with an amphoteric cationic polyelectrolyte. Are present in the following molar ratios, ie slightly anions amphoteric anion amphoteric cation a = 47-49 mol% a = 70-99 mol% b + c = 51-53 mol% b = 30-1 mol%. 1. The aqueous suspension according to 1. 20. The dispersant comprises an amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte and a formula: [In the formula, When C is zero Z is zero; (cat) ⁺ is one or more components selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations, alkaline earth metal cations and amines; (an) ⁻ is a halide ion A, b and c each represent a relative amount of each monomer represented by a subscript in the formula], and a mixture with an amphoteric and slightly cationic polyelectrolyte, a, b and c are present in the following molar ratios, ie, slightly cations in amphoteric amphoteric cations a = 51-53 mol% a = 80-97 mol% b + c = 49-47 mol% b = 20-3 mol% The aqueous suspension according to claim 1, wherein 21. Paper making, paper surface treatment with a size press of a paper machine (pigment coloring), especially pre-coating or top coat of paper coating step, wood pulp for controlling impurities (pitch control), circulation of paper machine CO of water
Use for pre-agglomerating D-reducing, wastewater treatment plants, or anionically stabilized dispersed substances during papermaking, or pre-aggregating (immobilizing) coating slips in coating equipment. 1. The aqueous suspension according to 1. 22. An aqueous suspension of the substance to be dispersed is added completely before (a) the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is ground, or (b) a part of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte is ground. It is added before and the rest is wet-milled with the dispersion and the milling agent mixture in such a way that it is added during the milling, after milling or both during and after milling, wherein the substance to be dispersed is solid Content of 60% by weight or more, and one or more components selected from the group consisting of minerals, fillers and pigments, wherein the dispersant is optionally combined with a cationic polyelectrolyte. Amphoteric polyelectrolytes containing anionic and cationic monomer units, where the number of negative charges is equal to the number of positive charges of the cationic monomer units, amphoteric cations in which the non-neutral monomer units each have a predominantly positive charge. The polymer electrolyte comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of amphoteric anion polymer electrolytes in which the non-neutral monomer units each have a negative charge, and the substance to be dispersed is neutral to the outside or Having a positive charge, the weight average molecular weight (MW) of the amphoteric anion polyelectrolyte, the amphoteric polyelectrolyte and the amphoteric cation polyelectrolyte
Within the range of 60,000 to 200,000, provided that the above-mentioned polyelectrolyte having an aziridine group is excluded, and a method for producing an aqueous suspension containing a substance to be dispersed and a dispersant.