JPH0687457U - Lifting cab of construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modified) [Purpose] A construction machine in which a movable cabin is hung on a prop so that it can be moved up and down while suppressing the propagation of vibration from the undercarriage, and a front guard can be attached to the prop. Providing a lift-type operator's cab. [Construction] The elevating operator cab 30 is movable up and down by a suspension device having an elevating means, an example of which is fitted with a movable cabin 31 in a frame-shaped support column 20. This suspension system is composed of a wire drum type driving machine 21 attached to the center of the ceiling wall 20 ', and a wire rope 27 which can be hoisted or unwound by this. In addition, a gap is provided between the movable cabin 31 and the column 20 surrounding the movable cabin 31, and a damping material is attached to the cab ceiling plate 25 and the cab floor 7 so that they can be buffered when the column 20 collides. Has become.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 This invention relates to the improvement of an elevator cab used for excavation / civil engineering machinery and other construction machinery.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, in a hydraulic excavator, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a lower traveling body 2 including a crawler type suspension device and an upper portion provided on the lower traveling body 2 via a revolving device S so as to be freely rotatable. It consists of a revolving structure 3. The upper swing body 3 is provided with a swing frame 5 that is fixed to the swing device S and supports the driver's cab 1, and a front attachment 4, and is capable of swinging 360 °. The undercarriage 2 has left and right crawler tracks, and has a traveling function of forward / backward movement, spin turn, and pivot turn. The operator's cab 1 on which an operator rides on the swing frame 5 of the upper revolving structure 3 and the front attachment 4 are configured as main components of the shovel. FIG. 10 shows a swing frame 5 serving as a base of the upper swing body 3, a cab support 9 to which the operator's cab 1 is mounted, the same support bracket 10 and a front stand 11. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the operator cab 1 is fastened and fixed on the cab support portion 9 of the swing frame 5 via a cab floor 7 and a mounting hole 8 via rubber or the like with bolts. The state in which the cab 1 is attached is shown in FIGS. Here, the cab 1 is usually made of a thin steel plate, and a window made of glass or the like is installed in order to improve the visibility. The operator's seat and operating lever are mounted on the cab floor 7 in the cab 1. Therefore, in the operator's cab, visibility for the front, side, and rear, habitability including vibration resistance and noise, and riding comfort, and safety for protecting the operator from falling objects and flying objects accompanying work are provided for the operator's operation. Sex is required. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b), a method is adopted in which vibration transmission from the swing frame 5 is attenuated via a vibration damping rubber 12 between the swing frame 5 and the operator's cab 1. There is something. Further, as protection from falling objects and scattered objects due to work, there is one in which a front guard 13 is attached to the outside of the front glass surface of the cab 1 and a ceiling guard 14 is directly attached to the zenith.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As described above, the conventional power shovel or the like has the following problems. (1). Since the driver's cab is connected to the swing frame, the visibility is fixed and the surrounding conditions are obstructed by the upper swing structure, making it difficult to understand and lacking safety. (2). Some of them are connected to the driver's cab on the swing frame via rubber etc., but vibrations from the engine, hydraulic equipment, etc. are propagated to the driver's cab and become solid propagating sound. (3). The driver's cab is relatively low and easily affected by scattered or falling objects. Further, in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 10, the front guard and the like are integrated with the driver's cab, and the visibility is always obstructed. Therefore, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-47851 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-172931 disclose a configuration in which a driver's cab is slid up and down along a guide rail in the form of a column, or a bending link is used to move up and down. However, in the above structure, since the operator's cab is moved up and down by the elevating means fixed to the swing frame, there is a drawback that vibration is propagated through the elevating means. The present invention was created in view of the above circumstances, and its main problem is to provide a driver's cab capable of moving up and down while suppressing the propagation of vibrations from the lower traveling body by suspending a movable cabin on a column. To do. Another object of the present invention is to provide a driver's cab in which a front guard can be attached to a column instead of a movable cabin.

[0004]

[Means for solving problems]

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a supporting column is erected on a swing frame fixed to a revolving device provided on a lower traveling body to support an upper revolving structure, and a movable cabin is provided along the supporting column. In the elevator cab of the construction machine, which is mounted so that it can be lifted up and down, the upper end of the pillar is set to a position higher than the movable cabin, and a suspension device for suspending the movable cabin in the hollow position is provided above the pillar. The technical measure is taken to provide an elevating means for raising or lowering the movable cabin suspended by the suspension device to a desired height.

[0005]

[Action]

 Since the pillar is provided on the swing frame and the movable cabin is hung on the pillar via the suspension device, vibration transmission from the swing frame or the like is not transmitted to the movable cabin to improve habitability, and the lifting means is used. The mobile cabin can be raised and lowered at any point according to the work content, so that the operator can perform the work in the best view. Further, a protective net or a protective plate can be attached to the outer circumference of the column, and the movable cabin can be protected from scattered objects and fallen objects, so that the safety of the operator can be improved.

[0006]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment in which the elevator cab of the construction machine according to the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The hydraulic excavator has the same configuration as the publicly known configuration shown in FIG. 6 except for the operator's cab, and therefore, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 1, the lifting cab 30 of this embodiment has a frame-shaped support column 20 fixed to the swing frame 5 and a movable cabin 31 disposed inside the support column 20 to suspend the suspension device K1. It is hanging at.

In the present embodiment, the column 20 has column members (see FIG. 4) having an angled cross section, which are erected from the four corners of the plane rectangle into which the movable cabinet 31 can be fitted to form a frame shape. The height is set higher than the height of the movable type cabin 31, and a plate-shaped ceiling wall 20 'is horizontally connected to the upper end.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the movable cabin 31 is sized so as to be movable up and down within the frame of the column 20, and the cab ceiling plate 25 is fixed to the upper end and the lower end is fixed. The cab floor 7 is fixed to the. The movable cabin 31 is suspended from a ceiling wall 20 ′ provided on the uppermost part of the support column 20 via a suspension device K 1 having a lifting means.

The suspension device K1 is composed of a wire drum type driving device 21 attached to the center of the ceiling wall 20 ′ and a wire rope 27 which can be wound or unwound by this, and the lower end of the wire rope 27. Is connected to a suspension portion 26 fixed to the center of the cab ceiling plate 25 of the movable cabin 31. The suspension device K1 is preferably a linear transmission member such as a wire rope or a chain. The driving device may be provided in the movable cabin 31, and the pulley 20 may be provided on the column 20 side.

Next, as clearly shown in FIG. 3, the pillar 20 is provided with stoppers that project inward from the same height position of the four pillars. 31 comprises an upper stopper 22A which defines the uppermost position, and a lower stopper 22B which is provided below the column 20 and defines the lowermost position of the movable cabin 31.

On the other hand, in the movable cabin 31, the cab ceiling plate 25 and the cab floor 7 project outward at their outer peripheral edges from the movable cabin body, and the cab ceiling plate 25 abuts the upper stopper 22A. In addition, the cab floor 7 collides with the lower stopper 22B, which is the limit of lifting of the movable cabin 31.

Damping members 23A and 23B are fixed to the lower surface of the upper stopper 22A that determines the uppermost position and the upper surface of the lower stopper 22B that determines the lowermost position. As the damping materials 23A and 23B, a cushioning material such as a rubber material is effective in order to achieve a vibration damping effect. As a result, the vertical impact force due to the collision between the movable cabin 31 and the stopper is mitigated.

Next, the cab ceiling plate 25 and the cab floor 7 are made of rectangular plates, and as shown in FIG. 4, maintain a substantially uniform gap between each of the columns 20 having an angled cross section. The outer edge is set to. Then, the cab ceiling plate 25 and the cab floor 7 are provided with two block-shaped damping members 24 each having a size that fits into the gap at two orthogonal positions in each corner portion. Therefore, the cab ceiling plate 25 and the cab floor 7 do not directly contact or collide with the column 20, but always collide with each other through the damping material 24, so that the lateral impact force is mitigated, and the protection is prevented. As it is shaken, it slides up and down smoothly. Here, as the damping material 24, a cushioning material such as a rubber material is effective as described above.

With the above-described configuration, the operator operates the elevator cabin (not shown) with the movable cabin 31 to drive the driving machine 21 and to move the movable cabin 31 via the wire rope 27. It is possible to ascend and descend within the column 20 and move to a height at which an optimum visual field according to the work content is obtained. Further, the ascending / descending range of the movable cabin 31 is restricted by the abutment between the cab ceiling plate 25 and the upper stopper 22A and the abutment between the cab floor 7 and the lower stopper 22B.

As described above, since the movable cabin 31 is suspended in the column 20 by the wire rope 27 in a hollow shape, the vibration propagated through the swing frame 5 is separated and further damped by the damping material 24. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the influence of vibration and the generation of noise.

Further, the support column 20 is provided with an attaching means for attaching a protective member such as a protective net or a protective plate. For example, screw holes are provided between the front columns 20 corresponding to the front surface of the movable cabin 31 (not shown), and a protective net or protective plate is fixed. This position can be set to, for example, a range where the lowermost position of the movable cabin 31 can cover the front surface of the movable cabin 31 or another appropriate position. Further, in this embodiment, since the movable cabin 31 is provided with the cab ceiling plate 25, it functions as a protective plate. However, if this is not provided, the protective plate may be attached to the upper surface of the column 20, It may be attached to either surface. Further, the attachment means may be any one as long as it is a structure for fixing the protective member to the column 20.

Next, FIG. 5 shows an example of an elevating operator cab provided with a suspension device K2 having different elevating means. In this suspension device K2, a drive machine 21 'composed of a rotary drum that is driven to rotate in a normal or reverse direction by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor is provided below the support column 20, while a fixed pulley is provided in the center and rear corners of the support column 20. 21A and 21B are provided. The wire rope 27 connected to the suspension portion 26 fixed to the center of the cab ceiling plate 25 can be wound around the rotary drum of the drive machine 21 'through the pulleys 21A and 21B. Therefore, the driving machine 21 'can be operated to rotate the rotating drum in the normal direction, the wire rope can be wound in the winch type, and the movable cabin 31 can be moved up and down to be moved down. The rest of the configuration is similar to that of the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows an example of an elevating operator's cab provided with a suspension device K3 having further elevating means. In this suspension device K3, a fluid pressure cylinder is used as the drive machine 21 ″ in place of the combination of the rotary drum and the motor shown in FIG. 5. The fluid pressure cylinder of this drive machine 21 ″ stands upright along the rear column 20. The tip end of the wire rope 27 is connected to the telescopic end fixed to the upper part of the wire rope 27. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

Therefore, the fluid pressure cylinder of the drive machine 21 ″ can be contracted to pull the wire rope 27, and the movable cabin 31 can be moved up and down to be lowered. The arrangement may be turned upside down, in which case the action due to the expansion and contraction is reversed, but the movable cabin 31 can be moved up and down in the same manner. Of course, the number is not limited to one, and a plurality of movable cabins 31 may be suspended so that they can be raised and lowered, and these may be integrally pulled or extended to be controlled.

Next, in this invention, the column may have a height adjustable structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the column 20 'has a double pipe structure, and one pipe (for example, the upper pipe) can be vertically moved by a servo valve or the like to be fixed at a predetermined position. It may be possible. As a result, the height of the column 20 can be lowered according to the movable cabin 31, and the overall height can be lowered so that there is no hindrance during the transfer of the hydraulic excavator.

Further, the suspension device provided with the elevating means in the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the suspension device and the elevating means may be integrated or separate. That is, as long as the suspension device and the elevating means can suspend the movable cabin at the hollow position on the upper part of the support column and ascend and descend the movable cabin, the movable cylinder is directly suspended by the fluid pressure cylinder to move up and down. It is possible to use a configuration in which a pantograph-type link is expanded and contracted to move up and down, or a configuration in which other points of action perform linear expansion and contraction motion. Further, as the driving force, it is possible to use a structure in which the weight of the movable cabin is used at the time of returning to be lowered while buffering. Besides, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various design changes can be made without changing the gist thereof.

[0022]

[Effect of device]

 In this invention, the movable cabin is suspended from the pillars via a suspension device and lifted up and down, so direct contact and collision between the movable cabin and the pillars is avoided, and vibrations, engine and hydraulic pressure generated during work are avoided. Solid vibrations and noises from the equipment are significantly attenuated, so that it is possible to move up and down the mobile cabin while enhancing the operability of the operator. Also, as the movable cabin is raised and lowered, the workability of the operator is improved, the field of view is improved, and it is easier to confirm the surrounding safety. Furthermore, since a protective net or protective plate can be attached to the pillar, it is possible to prevent scattered objects and falling objects from entering the movable cabin without obstructing the field of view.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of a hydraulic excavator equipped with a lifting type cab.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the main part.

FIG. 3 is a side view in which a part of a pillar of a driver's cab is omitted.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the suspension device for the lifting type cab.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing another embodiment of the suspension device.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another embodiment of the support column.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a conventional hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 9 is a partial front view showing the main part.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a conventional upper swing body.

FIG. 11 is a conventional driver's cab mounting view, in which (a) is a side view and (b) is a perspective view.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a conventional cab, in which (a) is a perspective view showing the cab provided with a front guard and (b) is a side view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Driver's cab 5 Swing frame 7 Cab floor 20 Pillar 21 Drive machine 22A Upper stopper 22B Lower stopper 23A, B Stopper damping material 24 Damping material 25 Cab ceiling board 27 Wire rope 30 Elevating operator's cab 31 Mobile cabin K1, K2 K3 suspension system

Claims (6)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A construction in which a pillar is erected on a swing frame fixed to a swing device provided on a lower traveling body to support an upper swing body, and a movable cabin is vertically movable along the pillar. In the lifting cab of the machine, the upper end of the column is set higher than the movable cabin, and a suspension device that can suspend the movable cabin in the hollow position is provided above the column and suspended. An elevating operator cab of a construction machine, comprising an elevating means for raising or lowering a movable cabin to a desired height. 2. The suspension device comprises a linear transmission member such as a wire or a chain for suspending the movable cabin, and the lifting member pulls or returns the transmission member to elevate the movable cabin. The elevating operator's cab of the construction machine according to claim 1. 3. The support means is provided in a frame shape so as to surround the movable cabin, and a mounting member capable of mounting a protective member on the support pillar to prevent scattered objects and falling objects from entering the movable cabin. The lift-type operator's cab of the construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. An interposing member having flexibility or elasticity is provided between the column and the movable cabin so that the movable cabin does not collide with the column.
The lifting cab of the construction machine according to 2 or 3. 5. A support column is provided at two front and rear positions so as to stand upright and surround a movable cabin, and a ceiling wall is fixed to the upper end, and one component portion of the suspension device is provided on the ceiling wall. The lifting cab of the construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4. 6. The elevating operator's cab of a construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the support column is capable of expanding and contracting in the height direction.