JPH0650920Y2 - switch - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] << Industrial Application Field >> The present invention relates to a switch of a type in which a striker is moved by the rotation of an operation lever and contacts are switched through the striker.

<< Prior Art >> Conventionally, in a switch that moves a switch striker by rotating an operation lever, a striker is always brought into contact with one end of the operation lever by a spring force. Then, by rotating the operation lever, the contact position between the striker and the operation lever on the movement line of the striker is changed to determine the movement position of the striker. Further, when the operation lever rotates, one end of the operation lever that is in contact with the end surface of the striker slides on the end surface of the striker.
Further, this one end is formed in a state in which the tip protruding toward the striker is pointed. Therefore, when the operation lever is rotated, the same tip is always slid in contact with the striker.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> For this reason, when the operation lever is repeatedly operated, the tip portion is easily rubbed by the striker and worn. When the tip portion wears, it becomes impossible to give a predetermined stroke to the striker, switching of contacts becomes incomplete, and reliability deteriorates.

Also, since the rotation fulcrum of the operation lever is provided at a position displaced from the striker, the movement amount of the striker is not constant between the rotation start side and the end side of the operation lever, and the rotation start side is more advantageous. To be Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the contacts according to the movement characteristics of the striker, which requires high technology for the design, resulting in high cost. Further, when the switch structure in which the movable piece is switched to the seesaw type in conjunction with the movement of the striker is adopted, it is difficult to match the wiping amounts on the left and right, which causes a problem such as a decrease in reliability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a switch having a structure capable of reducing cost and improving reliability.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is arranged such that one end is arranged outside the case and the other end is arranged inside the case and is rotated about an intermediate point.
By moving the striker abutted to the other end, the movable contact through the striker, the contact of the common fixed terminal arranged in the center of the case, and the contact of the pair of fixed terminals arranged before and after the case. An operating lever for selectively switching electrical contact is provided, and a contact surface of the operating lever is continuously moved in a portion in contact with the striker according to a rotation amount of the operating lever, and the striker is moved. It is formed of a cam surface that moves at a substantially constant ratio, and a pair of the common fixed terminals are provided so that the contacts of the common fixed terminals have a neutral point that does not make electrical contact with any of the contacts of the pair of fixed terminals. The contact of the fixed terminal is provided with a step and is arranged in the case.

<< Embodiment >> An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an outer appearance of a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are views showing an internal structure of the same switch.

1 to 4, a switch 1 includes a case 4 including a main body 2 and a cover 3 as shown in detail by disassembling the constituent members in FIG. 2, an operating lever 5, a movable piece 6, and a leaf spring 7. ,
The striker 8 and the coil spring 9 are included.

The main body 2 and the cover 3 forming the case 4 are separately molded from a resin material and later assembled together.

The main body 2 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and a part of the front surface 10 is formed to project upward from the upper surface 11. In addition, the height dimension of the outer peripheral portion 12 of the upper surface 11 corresponding to the lower end surface of the cover 3 is
Lower than the height of the inner part 13 surrounded by the part 12,
A step is provided between the portion 12 and the portion 13. Further, in a state of being continuous with the portion 12, the concave portions 15 are formed on the left and right side surfaces 14, respectively.
Is formed, and the left and right outer peripheral portions 16 on the front surface side of the front surface 10 are recessed by the thickness dimension of the front wall 17 of the cover 3 so as to be continuous with the portion 12. A locking claw 28 is provided in each recess 15 so as to project outward. This locking claw
The upper side surface 29 of 28 is inclined outward as it goes downward, and the lower side surface 30 is formed at a right angle to the side surface 14. Further, the upper surface 11 is provided with three projecting portions 18, 19, 20 which are scattered in the front and rear in a state of being centered. These protrusions 18, 19, 20 have the protrusion 19 in the middle,
The other protrusions 18 and 20 are provided symmetrically in the front-rear direction with the protrusion 19 interposed therebetween.

A common fixed terminal 21 and a pair of fixed terminals 22 and 23 are inserted into the main body 2 during molding. Also, the common fixed terminal 21 and the fixed terminals 22 and 23 are bent in a U-shape at the top, and the bent end portions are made into contacts 21A, 22A and 23A, respectively.
1A is exposed on the upper surface of the protrusion 19, the contact 22A is exposed on the upper surface of the protrusion 18, and the contact 23A is exposed on the upper surface of the protrusion 20. Furthermore, the contacts 21A are a pair of small protrusions protruding upward from the surface in a state of being scattered in the front-back direction.
24 is provided, and by this small protrusion 24, a common fixed terminal
The contact 21A of 21 is one step higher than the contacts 22A and 23A of the fixed terminals 22 and 23, and a step is provided. On the other hand, the lower portions of the common fixed terminal 21 and the fixed terminals 22 and 23 are led out from the lower surface of the main body 2 as lead portions 21B, 22B and 23B, respectively.

The cover 3 is formed in a box shape whose lower surface is open, and is provided with a cutout portion 26 from the lower surface through the center of the front wall 17 to a part of the upper wall 25. The width dimension of the notch portion 26 corresponds to the width dimension of the portion of the front surface 10 sandwiched between the left and right outer peripheral portions 16. Further, at the lower portions of the left and right side walls 27, a part 31 extends downward corresponding to the recess 15, and an engaging hole 32 corresponding to the locking claw 28 is provided in the part 31. Further, a through hole 33 is provided in an upper portion of each side wall 27 at a position offset toward the front wall 17 side. On the other hand, in the inside of the cover 3, a standing wall 35 that extends from the inner surface of the upper wall 25 to a lower portion halfway between the side walls 27 at the rear portion and a lower end of the standing wall 35 faces the inner surface of the rear wall 34. A partition wall 37, which once extends horizontally and serves as a guide wall 36 connected to the rear wall 34, is provided. Further, a work hole 38 penetrating the standing wall 35 is formed. The internal space surrounded by the partition wall 37 communicates with the outside through a notch hole 39 formed from the rear wall 34 to the upper wall 24.

The movable piece 6 is made by press-molding a metal plate, and the tongue pieces 40 are provided on both sides of the intermediate portion. Also, both front and rear ends
Bends 41 and 42 diagonally upward, and the ridge line formed on the lower surface side by this bending is used as the movable contacts 43 and 44.

The leaf spring 7 is formed into a substantially dogleg shape by bending an intermediate portion of a metal plate having a spring property. Further, both front and rear end portions 45, 46 are bent obliquely upward. Then, the leaf spring 7 has both end portions 45 and 46 on the movable piece 6 at both end portions 4
It is placed corresponding to 1,42. Further, when placed, both end portions 45, 46 are brought into contact with the both end portions 41, 42, respectively, and movement in the front-back direction with respect to the movable piece 6 is restricted.

The striker 8 is made of a resin material. The striker 8 has a main body portion including a top wall 48 and a pair of side walls 49 formed by hanging from the left and right sides of the top wall 48, respectively.
Has 47. Further, a regulation wall 50 extending upward from the ceiling wall 48 at a right angle is provided on the front side portion of the main body portion 47, and a front surface 64 is extended to the upper end of the regulation wall 50. The dimension between the inner surfaces of the pair of side walls 49 is formed to be substantially equal to the left-right width dimension of the projecting portions 18, 19, 20, and the projecting portion 18 is formed in the groove 51 formed by the pair of side wall 49 and the ceiling wall 48. , 19,20 as movable piece 6
It is ready to be inserted together with the leaf spring 7.
Further, the pair of side walls 49 is provided with a slit 52 into which the tongue piece 40 of the movable piece 6 is inserted and engaged, continuously from the lower end. Further, on the lower surface of the ceiling wall 49, an abutting portion 54 for receiving the intermediate bent portion 53 of the leaf spring 7 is provided integrally with the ceiling wall 49. The abutting portion 54 is formed of a sliding contact surface 55 and inclined surfaces 56 and 57 at the front and rear ends of the sliding contact surface 55, which are inclined downward toward the outside. Further, on the back surface of the regulation wall 50, a columnar protrusion 58 protruding rearward is integrally provided. This protrusion
The reference numeral 58 is smaller than the inner diameter of the coil spring 9 and can be inserted into and engaged with one end of the coil spring 9.

The operating lever 5 is elongated and provided with an operating arm portion 59 on one end side and a lever arm portion 60 on the other end side, and is formed of a resin material in a generally V shape as a whole, and is further formed in a middle portion at right angles from left and right side surfaces. The protruding shaft portion 61 is provided integrally with the lever arm portion 60 so as to correspond to the through hole 33. Then, the operation lever 5 is attached to the cover 3 in such a manner that the shaft portion 61 is inserted into and engaged with the through hole 33 and is rotatable about the engaging portion as a fulcrum. Further, in the state of being attached to the cover 3, the operating arm portion 59 is located inside the cover 3, and conversely, the lever arm 60 is in a state of being extended to the outside through the notch portion 26. Further, a cam portion 62 that comes into contact with the front surface 64 of the striker 8 is integrally provided at the tip end portion of the operation arm portion 59. The surface of the cam portion 62 that comes into contact with the front surface 64 is formed by a curved cam surface 63 that moves the striker 8 at a constant ratio according to the amount of rotation of the operation lever 5, and when the operation lever 5 rotates, The portion of the cam surface 63 that is in contact with the front surface 64 is in a state of being continuously switched.

Next, the order of assembling the switch 1 will be described.

First of all, prior to the assembly of the whole, the operation lever 5 is attached to the cover 3.
Is attached. Operation lever 5 for this cover 3
Of the lever arm part with the operating arm part 59 on the rear side.
With 60 on the front side, operate lever 5 on the bottom side of cover 3.
First place. At this time, the position of the shaft portion 61 is arranged on an imaginary line extending downward from the through hole 33. Next, the left and right side walls 27 are elastically deformed outward and opened, and in this state, the operation lever 5 is pushed upward in the cover 3.
At this time, the cover 3 escapes the lever arm portion 60 by the notch portion 26, so that the operation lever 5 enters the cover 3 while further expanding the side wall 27 by the shaft portion 61. Then, when the shaft portion 61 is advanced to a position corresponding to the through hole 33, the side wall 27 that has been spread by the shaft portion 61 self-returns to the inside by elastic force,
The shaft portion 61 is engaged with the shaft portion 61 by dropping into the through hole 33, and the shaft portion 61 is rotatably supported at the portion of the through hole 33. As a result, the actuating arm portion 59 is arranged in the cover 3, and the lever arm 60 is extended to the outside through the cutout portion 26, and the assembling of the operating lever 5 to the cover 3 is completed.

Next, the leaf spring 7 is placed on the movable piece 6. At this time,
Both end portions 45 and 46 of the leaf spring 7 are made to correspond to both end portions of the movable piece 6 so that the intermediate bent portion 53 of the leaf spring 7 is projected upward. Then, in this state, the movable piece 6 and the leaf spring 7
Insert the and into the groove 51 of the striker 8 from below.
At this time, the tongue piece 40 of the movable piece 6 is loosely engaged and inserted in the slit 52 with play, and the top of the intermediate bent portion 53 is in contact with the sliding surface 55.

In this state, next place the striker 8 on the main body 2,
The protrusions 18, 19, 20 are inserted into the groove 51. Then, the movable piece 6
The lower surface of the intermediate portion is supported by the small projections 24, and is pressed by the striker 8 from the upper side through the leaf spring 7, and is thereby arranged on the protruding portions 18, 19, 20. Also striker 8
When the leaf spring 7 is compressed, the lower surface of the side wall 27 is brought into contact with and positioned on the inner portion 13 of the main body 2.

Next, an upper end of the cover 3 having the operation lever 5 attached thereto has one end abutted against the inner surface of the standing wall 35, and the coil spring 9 is arranged in the front-rear direction. At this time, a hook-shaped jig (not shown) is inserted from the outside of the working hole 38, and the other end of the coil spring 9 is pulled toward the standing wall 35 to be in a compressed state to secure a space in front of the coil spring 9. . In this state, when the front wall 17 and the notch 26 are made to correspond to each other from above the striker 8 to cover the cover 3, a part 31 of the side wall 27 hits the locking claw 28. When the cover 3 is pushed further downward from this state, the part 31 is pushed outward by the upper side surface 29 of the locking claw 28 and escapes. When the engaging hole 32 is brought into correspondence with the engaging claw 28, the engaging claw 28 is engaged in the engaging hole 32, and the movable piece 6, the leaf spring 7, the striker 8, and the coil spring 9 are accommodated in the case 4. The main body 2 and the cover 3 are assembled in a state in which is stored. After the main body 2 and the cover 3 are assembled,
The restraint on the other end of the coil spring 9 pulled by the jig is removed, and the other end is engaged with the protrusion 58 of the regulation wall 50.
Then, the urging force of the coil spring 9 is applied to the striker 8, and the switch 1 shown in FIG. 3 in which the outer surfaces of the main body 2 and the cover 3 are flush with each other is completed.

And the switch 1 assembled in this way is
When the striker 8 is moved to the rear side, the guide wall 36 of the cover 3 lightly abuts on the rear portion of the ceiling wall 48, and the striker 8 is moved to the upper surface.
Prevent it from rising above 11. Further, the striker 8 compresses the leaf spring 7 to urge the movable piece 6 downward. The coil spring 9 is arranged in a space surrounded by the top wall 48, the restriction wall 50 and the inner surface of the cover 3, and always biases the striker 8 to the front side. Further, this bias moves the striker 8 to the front side, and the cam surface of the operating arm portion 59.
The front surface 64 is in contact with 63. Then, the operation lever 5 is rotated counterclockwise until the operation arm portion 59 restricts contact with the inner surface of the front wall 17, and the tip of the lever arm portion 60 is in the third position.
It is in a state of being arranged at the position of the symbol I in the figure. Further, the movable piece 6 is moved to the front side via the leaf spring 7, and is rotated clockwise with one side of the small projection 24 of the common fixed terminal 21 as a fulcrum, and the movable contact 43 is brought into contact with the fixed contact 23A. ing. That is, the common fixed terminal 21 and the fixed terminal 23 are electrically connected.

In the switch 1 configured as described above, when the operation lever 5 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the lever arm portion 60 passes from the position I to the position II in FIG.
The operating lever 5 can reciprocate continuously within about 45 ° until it is placed in the position III. And operating lever 5
When is rotated to the position indicated by the reference numeral III, the striker 8 is moved rearward against the biasing force of the coil spring 9 by the cam portion 62 of the operating arm portion 60. At this time, the movable piece 6 also moves rearward together with the striker 8 and the switching operation of the leaf spring 7 causes the movable piece 6 to move immediately before reaching the position of reference numeral II.
Is rotated counterclockwise. As shown in FIG. 4, the lower surface is supported by the two small projections 24, and the movable contacts 43, 44
A neutral state is formed in which neither contacts the fixed contacts 22A, 23A. Therefore, in this state, the connection between the common fixed terminal 21 and the fixed terminals 22 and 23 is non-conductive. Further, when the operation lever 5 is further rotated from the position indicated by the reference numeral II toward the position indicated by the reference numeral III until the lower surface of the lever arm portion 60 hits against the tip of the front wall 17 and is once restricted, the striker 8 moves accordingly. It is moved rearward together with the piece 6 and the leaf spring 7 by the control of the cam portion 62. When the center of the movable piece 6 exceeds the small projection 24 on the left side, the movable piece 6 rotates counterclockwise around the small projection 24 as a fulcrum due to the urging action of the leaf spring 7, as shown in FIG. The movable contact 44 abuts the fixed contact 22A with a one-pumping action. Therefore, common fixed terminal 21 and fixed terminal 22
The spaces are in conduction.

Next, when the operating force from the outside that rotates the operating lever 5 is removed, the striker 8 is pushed back to the front side by the biasing force of the coil spring 9 that biases the striker 8 to the front side. At this time, the operation lever 5 is also pushed at the same time, and is rotated counterclockwise and returned. And movable piece 6
Is also moved to the front side together with the striker 8, and the movable piece 6 is rotated clockwise by the switching operation of the leaf spring 7 immediately before the lever arm portion 60 reaches the position of reference numeral II.
The neutral state shown is formed again. Further, when the striker 8 is further returned to the front side, the movable piece 6 is further rotated clockwise by the urging action of the leaf spring 7 with the small projection 24 as a fulcrum. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the movable contact 43 returns to the state in which the fixed contact 23A is brought into contact with the fixed contact 23A with one-pushing action, and the operation for one cycle is completed.

The movement of the striker 8 by the switch 1 is proportional to the amount of rotation of the operating lever 5 by the cam surface 63 of the cam portion 62, and when the operating lever 5 rotates, the cam surface 63 of the striker 8 moves. The part contacted with the front surface 64 is continuously changed, and the linear movement of the striker 8 is continuously restricted by the part changed in contact.

Therefore, in this switch, the portion of the cam surface 63 that contacts the front surface 64 of the striker 8 is continuously changed when the operation lever 5 is rotated, so that the front surface 64 and the cam surface 63 wear. Nothing. As a result, the amount of movement of the striker 8 with respect to the operating lever 5 is kept constant, contact switching is reliably performed, and reliability can be improved.

Further, since the surface of the cam portion 62 that contacts the front surface 64 is formed by the cam surface 63, the movement amount of the striker 8 with respect to the operation lever 5 can be maintained at a constant ratio by setting the cam surface 63. As a result, the one-pushing amount when the movable contact 43 abuts on the fixed contact 23A and the one-pushing amount when the movable contact 44 abuts on the fixed contact 22A can be made constant, and a more reliable contact pressure can be obtained. Is obtained and reliability is improved. Further, since the movement amount of the striker 8 can be set by the cam surface 63, the positions of the movable contact and the fixed contact do not have to be changed each time, even if the shape and dimensions change. As a result, the design is simplified and the cost can be reduced.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the structure applied to the switch of the type in which the movable piece 6 is pivotally moved to switch contacts is disclosed. However, the movable piece 6 is directly moved integrally with the striker 8 or the like. Of course, it can also be applied to a switch.

<< Effect of Invention >> As described above, according to the switch according to the present invention,
The wear between the striker and the operating lever is small, the life is improved, and the movement amount of the striker with respect to the turning amount of the operating lever can be made constant. Further, even if the shape and size of the switch are changed, the positional relationship between the movable piece and the fixed contact can be kept constant, so that the design can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is an external side view of a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the same switch, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the same switch, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing the same switch in a state in which the reversal switching is completed. 1 ... Switch, 2 ... Main body, 3 ... Cover, 4 ... Case, 5 ... Operating lever, 6 ... Movable piece, 7 ... Leaf spring, 8 ... Striker, 9 ... Coil spring, 62 …
… Cam section, 63 …… Cam surface, 64 …… Front surface that contacts the cam section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A one end is arranged outside the case and the other end is arranged inside the case and is rotated about an intermediate point as a fulcrum to move a striker abutting against the other end, and a movable contact is provided through the striker, With the contact of the common fixed terminal arranged in the center of the case,
The operation lever is provided for selectively switching electrical contact with a contact of a pair of fixed terminals arranged in front of and behind the case, and the contact surface of the operation lever is the striker according to the rotation amount of the operation lever. The contact portion of the common fixed terminal is continuously moved and is formed of a cam surface that moves the striker at a substantially constant ratio, and the contact of the common fixed terminal electrically contacts with the contact of the pair of fixed terminals. A switch characterized in that a step is provided at a contact point of a pair of fixed terminals with respect to the common fixed terminal so as to have a neutral point.