JPH06109046A - Multidisc type brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To protect the constitution parts such as bearings from heat by preventing the weathering phenomenon due to the contact of the cooling air with a disc member, drastically improving the cooling effect, and reducing the thermal influence for a casing part and the periphery from the disc member, in the air cooling for a multidisc type brake device having the disc member for a rotor and a stator which is made of carbon group composite material. CONSTITUTION:Inside disc members 4 and 5, an air passage 10 which penetrates from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side is formed, and each oxidation protecting film is formed or the impregnation with silicon carbide is performed on the passage formation surface of the air passage 10 of the disc members 4 and 5 and the nonslidable surfaces 4w and 5w on the outer surfaces of the disc members 4 and 5, air introducing holes 20 and 21 for introducing the cooled air to the disc members 4 and 5 are formed on a casing part 2 and/or a shaft part 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-disk disc brake device using a carbon-based composite material as a material of a disc member, and in particular, this disc member is preferably cooled,
The present invention relates to a technique for avoiding various harmful effects caused by the temperature rise.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a multi-disc brake device has been put into practical use as a brake device for various vehicles. The disk members (rotor and stator) which are the constituent elements of this type of brake device are It must be made of a material having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance and sufficient friction resistance. In order to meet such requests,
For example, according to Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-23834, a carbon-based composite material has come to be used as a material of a disk member,
It is generally known that this carbon-based composite material can exhibit a sufficient function up to about 3000 ° C.

Further, the multi-disk disc brake device disclosed in the above publication, as its cooling means, forms an inner hole in a shaft portion arranged on the inner peripheral side of the disc member, and the cooling is naturally introduced into this inner hole. Air is circulated toward the outer peripheral side, and cooling air is brought into direct contact with the disc member during this circulation to obtain a cooling effect, while a metal ring is provided in the gap between the casing part housing and enclosing the disc member and the outer peripheral part of the disc member. A plate is arranged to prevent radiant heat from the disk member toward the casing portion by the action of the metal ring plate, and a large number of through holes are formed in the metal ring plate so that the inner hole of the shaft portion is provided around the disk member. The introduced cooling air escapes to the outer peripheral side space through the through hole of the metal ring plate, and is discharged to the atmosphere from the outer peripheral side space through the discharge hole formed in the casing part. That.

[0004]

However, even if the cooling air introduced into the casing from the inner hole of the shaft reaches the periphery of the disc member, the multi-disc disc brake device described above has a plurality of disc members. Since the adjacent side surfaces of the disk member are in close contact with each other to form a lump, the cooling air does not sufficiently enter between the adjacent side surfaces of the disk member. Only the non-sliding part) cannot be obtained and a sufficient cooling effect for the disk member cannot be obtained. Therefore, a large amount of heat is stored inside the disc member without sufficiently releasing the frictional heat generated by the braking action.

In this case, since the disk member itself is made of a carbon-based composite material, it can withstand use even at an extremely high temperature as described above, but the casing is affected by heat conduction and radiant heat from the disk member storing a large amount of heat. The parts and their surrounding components, such as the piston for pressing the disk member and the packing for maintaining the airtightness of the disk member, are subject to early wear, strength reduction and damage even if the temperature rises slightly, and especially the inner circumference of the disk member. The bearing that rotatably holds the side shaft is disadvantageous in that it has a lower durability against temperature rise due to evaporation of the lubricating oil.

Further, in the above carbon-based composite material, in a high temperature atmosphere (about 600 ° C. or higher), carbon as a constituent thereof reacts with oxygen in the air to cause an oxidation phenomenon (weathering phenomenon). It has a characteristic that the strength of the part is deteriorated or eroded. When this type of brake device is used in, for example, a railroad vehicle, the braking action is repeatedly and frequently performed from high-speed running due to the recent increase in the speed of the vehicle, which causes friction between the disk members. Due to the heat, the ambient temperature is always 6 above.
It causes a situation of exceeding 00 ℃. For this reason, if the circulating cooling air is brought into direct contact with the disk member as disclosed in the above publication, the disk member will be oxidized in a high temperature atmosphere, and it will not be usable.

As a means for preventing such an oxidation phenomenon of the brake disc member, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-686.
According to Japanese Patent Publication No. 76, a technique of forming an oxidation protection film on the surface of the disk member is disclosed, but even by this means, oxidation can be prevented, but as shown in the publication, it is simply Since a plurality of flat plate-shaped disc members are arranged in close contact with each other, a large amount of frictional heat is stored inside the disc members when the braking action is frequently performed many times, and Since the carbon-based composite material has a property that it is difficult to radiate heat, a large amount of heat is transferred to the casing portion and its periphery, which causes damage to various components in the same manner as above.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and prevents the disk member from being oxidized and actively cools the disk member, thereby improving the durability of the disk member itself. It is a technical object to reduce the influence of heat conduction and radiant heat from the disk member to the casing portion and its surroundings, and to avoid the adverse effects caused by the temperature rise of various components such as bearings.

[0009]

The multi-disc brake device according to the present invention is characterized in that it is constructed as follows in order to achieve the above technical problems. That is, it has a plurality of disc members made of a carbon-based composite material, a casing portion arranged on the outer peripheral side of the disc member and a shaft portion arranged on the inner peripheral side, and the disc members are mutually connected. In a multi-disc disc brake device configured to generate a braking force by being brought into close contact with each other, an air passage is formed inside the disc member, one end of which is open to the outer peripheral side and the other end of which is open to the inner peripheral side. Then, an oxidation protection film is formed or silicon carbide is impregnated on the passage forming surface of the air passage of the disk member and at least the non-sliding surface of the outer surface of the disk member, and the casing portion and the shaft portion are formed. One or both of these are provided with air introduction holes for introducing cooling air to the disc member.

[0010]

According to the above means, the cooling air supplied to the periphery of the disc member from the air introduction hole formed in the casing portion on the outer peripheral side of the disc member and / or the shaft portion on the inner peripheral side is formed inside the disc member. Thus, one end of the air passage opens to the outer peripheral side and the other end opens to the inner peripheral side of the air passage. Therefore, even if the cooling air cannot flow between the disk members because the plurality of disk members are in close contact with each other and are in a lump state, a large amount of heat generated during braking is generated by the cooling air flowing into the disk members themselves. Are taken from the disk member, and the heat storage effect inside the disk member is greatly reduced.

Since the passage forming surface of the air passage inside the disk member is formed with an oxidation protection film or is impregnated with silicon carbide, the carbon-based composite under high temperature condition due to the braking action. Even if the cooling air comes into contact with the passage forming surface of the disk member made of a material, the passage forming surface does not undergo an oxidation phenomenon. Further, the cooling air reaching the periphery of the disk member comes into contact with the non-sliding surface (non-contact surface) which is the exposed portion of the disk member,
The non-sliding surface is also formed with an oxidation protection film or impregnated with silicon carbide as in the above, so that the oxidation phenomenon due to the contact between the non-sliding surface and the cooling air is prevented.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a multi-disk disc brake device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment applies to a multi-disk disc brake device installed on the side of a drive motor. Is applied. First, the arrangement state of the multi-disc brake device 1 according to this embodiment will be described based on the schematic configuration shown in FIG.
A drive motor 53 is attached below a carriage 52 that supports the vehicle body 51 via 0, 50.
A multi-disc brake device 1 is installed on one side of the drive motor, and a gear transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the rotor shaft 53a to the axle 54 and the wheel 55 on the other side of the drive motor 53. 56 is installed. Axle springs 58 and 58 are provided between the bogie 52 and the axle cases 57 and 57 that rotatably support both ends of the axle 54.

The multi-disc brake device 1 is shown in FIG.
And, as shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical casing portion 2 whose flange 2a is fixed to the side of the above-described drive motor 53,
The casing portion 2 has a shaft portion 3 which is arranged in a penetrating manner along the central axis of the casing portion 2 and which rotates in conjunction with the rotor shaft 53a of the drive motor 53. The shaft portion 3 and the casing portion 2
4, a disk member including a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) stators 4 and 4 and a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) rotors 5 and 5 is disposed. The material of each of the disk members 4 and 5 is a carbon-based composite material, and the shape thereof is an annular shape of a flat plate (see FIGS. 4 to 7).

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of key members 6 ... 6 are arranged at equal angular intervals on the inner peripheral side of the inner wall of the peripheral wall 2b of the casing 2, and the stator 4 is provided. 4a are also formed at equal angular intervals on the outer periphery of the key member 6 ... 6.
And is movable in the axial direction. Further, a plurality of key portions 7 ... 7 are also provided on the outer peripheral portion of the shaft portion 3 at equal angular intervals.
Are provided, and for these key parts 7 ...
Recesses 5a formed on the inner circumference of the rotor 5 at equal angular intervals
... 5a is engaged and movable in the axial direction.

Each rotor 5 in the disk member is
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of air passages 10 ... 10 having one end open to the inner peripheral side and the other end open to the outer peripheral side.
Are formed radially inside. More specifically, one disc 5 is constructed by bonding two discs 5x, 5y together using rivets 11 ... 11 and the like, and one disc 5x has a concave groove 10x formed radially. The above air passages 10 ... 10 are formed by joining the discs 5x, 5y with the 10x and the corresponding concave grooves 10y ... 10y radially formed on the other disc 5y facing each other facing each other. Has been formed. In this embodiment, thin plates 9 ... 9 having excellent wear resistance are attached to the engaging portions of the rotor 5 with the key portions 7, and the rivets 11 for fastening these thin plates 9 ... … 11 connects the two disks 5x and 5y.
Further, the inner peripheral side end of each of the air passages 10 ...
5a to 5a that engage with the key portion 7 formed on the inner peripheral edge of the.

Of the stators 4 in the disk member, the stator 4 existing in the central portion in FIG. 1 has a plurality of radially formed discs 4x and 4y as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. 12x, 12x, 12y, and 12y are opposed to each other and both discs 4x and 4y are bonded together by using rivets 13 and 13 or the like to form one stator 4 having air passages 10 and 10 therein. On the other hand, the stators 4 and 4 located at the left and right ends in FIG. 1 are composed of only one disk 4a having the above-mentioned concave grooves 12x ... 12x. And the stator 4 (disc 4x) at the right end
An air passage 10 is also formed between the concave groove 12x and the flange-side inner end surface of the casing 2. Further, thin plates 8 ... 8 having excellent wear resistance are also attached to the engaging portions of the stator 4 with respect to the key member 6. Further, regarding the above-mentioned one stator 4, the thin plates 8 ...
The two discs 4x and 4y are fastened by rivets 13 ...
Are combined.

Further, the passage forming surface (passage peripheral surface) of all the air passages 10 ... 10 formed in the stator 4 and the rotor 5 is provided with an oxidation protection film or is impregnated with silicon carbide. In addition, all the non-sliding surfaces 4w ... 4w, 5w ... 5w of the stator 4 and the rotor 5 are also treated with an oxidation protection film or silicon carbide (see FIG. 1). In this case, as the oxidation protection film, a coating material containing a refractory metal (chromium, silicon, etc.), metal carbide,
Examples include those coated with a coating containing a metal nitride, a metal oxide, or a mixture of two or more thereof. The reason why the oxidation protection coating is not formed on the sliding surfaces of the stator 4 and the rotor 5 is that even if a coating is formed on the sliding surfaces, the coating will be worn due to sliding and will not be used, and the sliding surfaces will not be used. The reason is that since it is difficult for air to enter, it is not necessary to consider the adverse effects of the oxidation phenomenon. As means for impregnating silicon carbide, silicon carbide may be impregnated only on the passage forming surface and the non-sliding surface, or the entire disk members 4, 5 are made of carbon / silicon carbide composite material. You may. Therefore, in the latter case, the entire surface of the disk members 4 and 5 has been subjected to the antioxidant treatment.

Between the outer peripheral portions of the disc members 4, 5 and the inner surface of the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2, the disc members 4, 5 are provided.
A cylindrical member 14 made of thin metal is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical member 14. As shown in FIG. 8, a large number of through holes 15 ... 15 are formed in the cylindrical member 14 and the cylindrical member 14 Are fixed to the outer peripheral side of the key members 6 ... 6 by using fastening bodies 16 ... The cylindrical member 14 prevents conduction of radiant heat from the disk members 4, 5 to the casing portion 2, and
It also plays a role of discharging the cooling air from the exhaust hole 18 into the atmosphere by forming a circulating passage 17 for circulating air on the outer peripheral side thereof. Further, the through holes 15 ... 15 of the cylindrical member 14 cause the flow of air between the periphery of the disk members 4 and 5 and the circulating passage 17, and at the same time as the disk members 4 and 5 slide. It is also for letting the generated dust escape to the circulating passage 17.

In the illustrated example (FIGS. 1 and 2), air inlet holes for introducing cooling air to the disk members 4 and 5 are provided on both the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2 and the shaft portion 3. 20,21 are formed. In the air introduction hole 20 formed in the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2, there is a blower pipe 22 for feeding cooling air forcibly fed by the action of a fan 59 (see FIG. 10) as an air forced feeding means. It is connected. In addition, an air introduction hole formed inside the shaft portion 3
Cooling air may be naturally introduced into 21 through a filter 23 attached at the left end in FIG. 2, or a fan may be separately installed outside the filter 23 to forcefully supply the cooling air. You may The air introduction hole 21 of the shaft portion 3 and the periphery of the disk members 4 and 5 are in communication with each other. The path for introducing the cooling air may be only from the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2 or only from the shaft portion 3.

Further, the lid 2c of the casing 2 is provided with a pressing means 25 for pressing the stator 4 and the rotor 5 of the disk member to generate a braking force. The pressing means 25 is a piston 26 that is fitted and retained in the lid 2c so as to be freely retracted and is operated by hydraulic pressure, and a pressure plate that receives a pressing force from the tip of the piston 26 and press-contacts the stator 4 and the rotor 5. It consists of 27 and. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of pistons 26 are arranged at equal angular intervals, and the hydraulic pressure introduced from the hydraulic oil supply port 28 is transmitted to each piston 26 via each communication passage 29. 26 ... 26 is a configuration that acts on 26. The symbol P shown in the figure is a plug for bleeding air.

The lid 2c of the casing 2 has
A bearing 30 for rotatably supporting the shaft portion 3 is mounted, and a large number of fins 31 ... 31 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 30 in the lid 2c. On the other hand, a branch pipe 32 branched from the blower pipe 22 leading to the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2
Is communicated with the jacket 33 around the piston 26,
Further, the jacket 33 communicates with the air introduction hole 21 of the shaft portion 3 through a circulation hole 34 around the bearing 30.

According to the configuration of the above embodiment, the cooling of the multi-disk disc brake device 1 is performed as follows.
That is, when the cooling air introduction hole 20 is formed only in the peripheral wall 2b of the casing portion 2 or when the air feeding force on the casing portion 2 side is stronger than that on the shaft portion 3 side, the blower pipe 22 is operated by the fan 59. The cooling air forcibly fed from the above into the circulation passage 17 inside the casing part 2 through the air introduction hole 20 passes through the lateral gap of the cylindrical member 14 and the through holes 15 ... 15 of the cylindrical member 14, While flowing into the periphery of the disk members 4 and 5, they pass through the air passages 10 ... 10 inside the disk members 4 and 5. The main cooling air flow at this time is as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. At this time, the cooling air is supplied to the disk members 4,
The non-sliding surfaces 4x, 5x and the passage forming surface of the air passage 10 come into contact with each other to cool the disk members 4, 5 from inside and outside. Since the formation surface is subjected to the antioxidant treatment, the disk members 4 and 5 can be cooled well without causing an oxidation phenomenon. The air that has finished the cooling action in this way escapes to the circulation passage 17 again, and is then released into the atmosphere through the exhaust hole 18.

On the other hand, when the cooling air introduction hole 21 is formed only in the shaft portion 3 or the air feeding force on the shaft portion 3 side is stronger than that on the casing portion 2 side, the air introduction hole in the shaft portion 3 is formed. twenty one
The cooling air introduced into the disk members 4 and 5 through the filter 23 mainly flows through the paths shown by the dotted arrows in FIG. While passing through, the disk members 4 and 5 are cooled from the inside and outside without causing an oxidation phenomenon in the same manner as above. Then, the air that has finished the cooling action is supplied to the circulation passage 17
Is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust hole 18.

Further, the piston 26 and the bearing 30 arranged on the lid 2c of the casing 2 are further affected by the action of the cooling air forcedly fed from the branch pipe 32 of the blower pipe 22. Care is taken to enhance the cooling effect. In other words, the lid 2c is forced from the branch pipe 32.
The cooling air introduced into the jacket 33 flows into the jacket 33 to cool the piston 26, thereby preventing deterioration of the packing and the like, and further flows into the flow hole 34 to cool the bearing 30 to prevent lubrication failure and the like. . And the piston
The air that has cooled the 26 and the bearing 30 is discharged from the filter 23 into the atmosphere.

The lid 2c of the casing 2 is provided with slack adjusters 40 ... 40 for holding the pressure plate 27 at a predetermined position when the hydraulic pressure from the piston 26 is not applied at equal angular intervals. ing. This slack adjuster 40
As shown in FIG. 9, a tubular body 42 is slidably fitted and held in an inner hole 41 formed in the lid body 2c, and a tip of a pull rod 43 fixed to the tubular body 42 has the pressure plate. A resistor 44, which is fastened to 27 and slides on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 42 with a resistance associated with a predetermined frictional force with the inner hole 41, moves relative to the cylindrical body 42 in the axial direction. Held possible. Then, the cylindrical body 42 and the pull rod 43 have the lid body 2c by the action of the return spring 45.
Is biased to the left with respect to the resistor 44,
It is urged to the right with respect to the cylinder 42 by the action of the auxiliary spring 46, and is relatively movable between the step portion 42a of the cylinder 42 and the stopper 47. Therefore, the resistor 44 is
The gap SA formed between the pressure plate 27 and the stator 4 is movable by the gap SA formed between the pressure plate 27 and the stator 4.

In the above embodiment, the casing portion 2 in the fixed state is used.
6 are fixed to the key members 6 ... 6 and these key members 6 ... 6
The present invention is applied to a brake device of a type in which the stator 4 is engaged with the above, but other than this, for example, a device corresponding to the casing 2 is a brake device of a type that rotates in conjunction with wheels. The present invention can be similarly applied to a structure in which the key member is fixed to a portion of the lever that corresponds to the rotating casing and the rotor is engaged with the key member.

[0027]

As described above, according to the multi-disk disc brake device of the present invention, the cooling air supplied to the periphery of the disc member from the air introduction hole formed in the casing portion and / or the shaft portion is the disc member. By circulating through the air passage formed inside the disk, even though the plurality of disk members are in close contact with each other in a lump state, the cooling is actively performed from the inside of the disk member. Therefore, the degree to which a large amount of heat generated during braking is stored inside the disk member is greatly reduced. As a result, the effects of radiant heat and heat conduction from the disk member to the casing and its surroundings are reduced, damage to the various components such as pistons and bearings due to heat is avoided, and durability is improved.

Further, an oxide protective film is formed or silicon carbide is impregnated on the passage forming surface of the air passage inside the disk member and the non-sliding surface which is the exposed portion of the disk member. Therefore, even if the cooling air comes into contact with the passage forming surface and the non-sliding surface of the disk member made of the carbon-based composite material under the high temperature condition caused by the braking action, the oxidation phenomenon does not occur on these surfaces, The deterioration or erosion of the disk member due to cooling is prevented, and the durability of the disk member itself is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of a multi-disc brake device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing the overall configuration of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a semi-longitudinal front view showing the overall configuration of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a single disc member (rotor) which is a component of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the disk member (rotor) alone.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a single disk member (stator), which is a constituent element of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a single body of the disc member (stator).

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a mounted state of a cylindrical member which is a constituent element of the above embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing a slack adjuster that is a component of the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view showing an arrangement state of the multi-disc brake device in the above embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Multi-disc brake device 2 Casing part 3 Shaft part 4 Disc member (stator) 5 Disc member (rotor) 4w Non-sliding surface 5w Non-sliding surface 10 Air passage 20 Air introduction hole 21 Air introduction hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hideo Tamamori, 3-10-15, Suzuran Tainan-cho, Kita-ku, Kobe-shi (72) Ken Ken Kishimoto 4--5-40, Kasumigaoka, Tarumi-ku, Kobe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A disk member comprising: a plurality of disk members made of a carbon-based composite material; a casing part disposed on the outer peripheral side of the disk member; and a shaft part disposed on the inner peripheral side. In a multi-disc disc brake device configured to generate a braking force by bringing them into close contact with each other, in the disc member, air whose one end opens to its outer peripheral side and whose other end opens to its inner peripheral side Forming a passage, and a passage forming surface of the air passage in the disc member,
At least the non-sliding surface on the outer surface of the disk member is formed with an oxidation protection film or impregnated with silicon carbide, and one or both of the casing portion and the shaft portion is cooled with respect to the disk member. A multi-disc brake device, characterized in that an air introduction hole for introducing air is formed.