JP7113394B2 - 水素の一貫生産を伴う電力生産のためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
水素の一貫生産を伴う電力生産のためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7113394B2 JP7113394B2 JP2019545396A JP2019545396A JP7113394B2 JP 7113394 B2 JP7113394 B2 JP 7113394B2 JP 2019545396 A JP2019545396 A JP 2019545396A JP 2019545396 A JP2019545396 A JP 2019545396A JP 7113394 B2 JP7113394 B2 JP 7113394B2
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Description
燃焼圧の再循環CO2流の存在下で酸化剤と共に、第1燃焼器で炭素質燃料を燃焼させ、CO2を含む燃焼生成物流を提供することと、
タービン中に燃焼生成物流を膨張させ、電力を生産し、CO2を含むタービン吐出流を形成することと、
CO2を含むタービン吐出流を、復熱式熱交換器で冷却することと、
タービン吐出流の別の成分からCO2を分離し、再循環CO2流を提供することと、
再循環CO2流を実質的に燃焼圧まで圧縮することと、
再循環CO2流から、炭化水素又は炭素質燃料中の炭素の燃焼由来のCO2を除去することと、
タービン排気流から引き出した熱で、及び/又は約400℃未満の温度で供与される外部熱で、圧縮した再循環CO2流を復熱式熱交換器において加熱することと、
場合により予熱した炭素質燃料(及び場合により酸素及び/又は蒸気)を、POX又はATR、場合によっては続いてGHRの中に通し、特にH2及びCOを含み得る合成ガス流を形成することと、
合成ガスを冷却し、高圧蒸気を発生させることと、
CO及びH2OをH2及びCO2に変換することに効果がある1つ以上の触媒シフト反応器の中に合成ガスを通すことと、
合成ガス流からH2を分離することと、
合成ガス流からのH2の分離に続き、残りの燃料ガスを、第1燃焼器及び第2燃焼器のうち一方又は両方に通すことと、
を含み得る。
燃焼器において、再循環加熱CO2の存在下、昇圧で、実質的に純粋なO2と共に気体燃料を燃焼させ、燃焼生成物流を形成することと、
タービンにおいて、燃焼生成物流を低圧に膨張させ、軸動力を生産し、タービン排気流を形成することと、
復熱式熱交換器において、再循環CO2流を加熱し、再循環加熱CO2を形成しつつ、タービン排気流を冷却し、冷却タービン排気流を形成することと、
場合によっては、外部供給源から再循環CO2流に約400℃未満の温度レベルの熱を加えることと、
冷却タービン排気流から凝縮水を分離し、再循環CO2流を提供することと、
再循環CO2流を燃焼器への投入に適した圧力まで圧縮することと、
を含み、
H2合成プラント反応器に供給される炭化水素燃料流又は炭素質燃料流及び蒸気流のうち一方又は両方は、タービン排気流から伝達される熱を利用して加熱されるという条件と、
タービン燃焼器燃料入口流量及びタービン入口温度を上げ、タービンからの追加の電力に加え、H2プラント合成反応器への炭化水素又は炭素質及び蒸気の供給物を予熱するために要する熱を提供し、復熱式熱交換器へのタービン入口温度は、独立型CO2電力サイクルにおいてと実質的に同一であるという条件と、
約400℃未満の温度レベルのH2合成プラントからの余分な熱は、H2合成プラントから再循環CO2流に伝達されるという条件と、
1つ以上のCO触媒シフト反応器におけるH2へのCOの変換に続き、H2合成プラントにおいて純粋でない総H2生産流から水素を分離し、続いて、ほぼ周囲温度まで冷却し液体水を除去するという条件と、
H2合成プラントにおけるH2分離後に残る廃棄燃料ガスを燃焼器への投入に適した圧力まで圧縮するという条件と、
H2合成プラントにおけるH2分離は、複数の段階で行われるという条件と、
H2合成プラントにおけるH2分離は、中間物質CO2の除去及び触媒によるH2へのCOのシフト変換を含むという条件と、
実質的に純粋な酸素及び燃料ガスに加え、タービン排気の少なくとも一部を使用し、H2プラント合成反応器への炭化水素又は炭素質及び蒸気の供給物を予熱するために要する熱の少なくとも一部を提供する第2燃焼器を利用するという条件と、
約400℃未満の温度の、加熱し、加圧した水及び/又は蒸気流を提供し、余分な熱をH2合成プラントから再循環CO2流に運ぶという条件と、
H2合成プラントから生産したH2をN2及び/又は蒸気と組み合わせ、ガスタービンにおける燃焼に適した燃料ガスを生産し、電力を生産するという条件と、
のうち1つ以上が適用される、電力生産処理及び一体化されたH2生産処理に関する。
CH4+1/2O2 → CO+2H2 部分酸化
CH4+2O2 → CO2+2H2O 熱の発生
CH4+H2O → CO+3H2 改質
CH4+CO2 → 2CO+2H2 改質
CO+H2O → CO2+H2 COシフト
・再循環CO2流の存在下で酸化剤と共に炭素質燃料を燃焼させ、少なくとも約500℃又は少なくとも約700℃(例えば、約500℃~約2000℃又は約600℃~約1500℃)の温度及び少なくとも約100バール(10MPa)又は少なくとも約200バール(20MPa)(例えば、約100バール(10MPa)~約500バール(50MPa)又は約150バール(15MPa)~約400バール(40MPa))の圧力の燃焼生成物流を提供する工程、
・電力生産のため、タービン中に、高圧再循環CO2流(例えば、上記で言及したような圧力)を膨張させる工程、
・特にタービン吐出流の、高温再循環CO2流(例えば、上記で言及したような圧力)を復熱式熱交換器において冷却する工程、
・復熱式熱交換器及び周囲温度冷却器において、特に膨張及び冷却された燃焼生成物流に存在する1つ以上の燃焼生成物(例えば、水)を濃縮する工程、
・水及び/又はCO2からの別の物質を分離し、再循環CO2流を形成する工程、
・場合によっては中間冷却を伴う複数の段階で行われる、再循環CO2流を高圧(例えば、上記で言及した圧力)まで圧縮し、、流れの濃度を上げる工程、
・復熱式熱交換器において、圧縮再循環CO2流を加熱する工程であって、特に冷却タービン排気流に接して加熱する工程、及び
・場合によっては、冷却タービン排気流からの復熱に加え、再循環CO2流に熱を加える工程であって、熱は、本明細書に記載されるような水素生産システム又は水素生産部から取得した低位熱などの別の供給源からのものである工程、
の組み合わせを含み得る。
共に純粋なCH4又は天然ガス供給物を有する、290.3MWの電力を生産する電力生産サイクルシステムとの、246,151Nm3/時で動作する水素生産部の一体化は、以下のように算出された性能データをもたらす。
H2を50ppmの総不純物レベル及び74バールの圧力で生産する。
一体化システムからの電力生産=234.23MW。
水素生産用CH4=92,851.2Nm3/時(923.2Mwに等しい)。
43,773.9Nm3/時(435.2Mwに等しい)の電力生産用CH4。
水素プラント及び電力プラントへのCH4供給物由来の炭素のCO2としての取り出しは、100%である。
一体化システムからのCO2生成は、6,437.1MT/Dである。
CO2は、150バールの圧力で生成される。
以上で記載されるような複合型システムのための性能計算は、ISO条件で、432.25Mwの電力を生産するようになされたGE PG9371(FB)ガスタービンコジェネレーションシステムに基づき得る。100%のCO2回収、H2生成、N2生成、及びガスタービンにおけるH2+N2燃料ガスの燃焼を伴う天然ガス燃焼電力生産部の組み合わせを考慮して、本開示の実施形態に従い算出した値を以下に提供する。
複合型システムからの正味の総電力生産は、697Mwである。
ガスタービンへの燃料は、50%H2+50%N2(モル)であると仮定する。
総メタン供給物は、1,368.6Mw(LHV)である。
要する酸素は、4979MT/日である。
150バールの圧力で生成されるCO2は、6,437Mt/日である。
全体の効率は、50.9%(LHV基準)である。
Claims (25)
- 複合型の電力生産及び水素生産のためのシステムであって、前記システムは、
加圧二酸化炭素を電力生産のために膨張させる電力生産部であって、前記電力生産部は、
炭化水素燃料及び酸素を受け取り、少なくとも前記加圧二酸化炭素を含む加熱流を産出するよう構成される燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器から前記加圧二酸化炭素を含む前記加熱流を受け取り、膨張させ、前記電力を生産し、前記膨張二酸化炭素を含む加熱流を形成するよう構成されるタービンと、
前記膨張二酸化炭素を含む前記加熱流を受け取り、二酸化炭素を含む冷却流を形成するよう構成される復熱式熱交換器と、
前記復熱式熱交換器から前記二酸化炭素を含む冷却流を受け取り、前記二酸化炭素の流れを提供するよう構成される分離器と、
前記分離器から前記二酸化炭素の流れを受け取り、前記二酸化炭素を圧縮するよう構成されるコンプレッサーと、
を備える、電力生産部と、
炭化水素燃料を部分酸化し、水素を分離する合成ガスを生成する水素生産部であって、前記水素生産部は、
酸素及び前記炭化水素燃料の一部を受け取り、前記合成ガスを産出するよう構成される部分酸化燃焼器と、
前記部分酸化燃焼器と流体連通し、前記部分酸化燃焼器から前記合成ガスを受け取り、前記炭化水素燃料の一部を受け取るよう構成される改質器と、
前記改質器と流体連通するシフト反応器と、
前記シフト反応器と流体連通するシフト流熱交換器と、
前記シフト流熱交換器と流体連通する分離器と、
前記分離器と流体連通する圧力スイング吸着部と、
を備え、
前記圧力スイング吸着部は、実質的に純粋な水素の流れを産出するよう構成される、水素生産部と、
前記電力生産部と前記水素生産部の間の1つ以上の流れの通過のために構成される1つ以上の流し部材と、
を備え、
前記電力生産部での使用のための炭化水素燃料、前記部分酸化燃焼器へ投入される炭化水素燃料、及び改質器へ投入される炭化水素燃料は、同じ炭化水素燃料でも異なる炭化水素燃料でもあり得、
前記部分酸化燃焼器及び前記改質器へ投入される炭化水素燃料は、少なくとも、前記電力生産部のタービンを抜けた膨張二酸化炭素を含む加熱流を受け取って冷却するように構成されている補助熱交換器を通じる通過により加熱される燃料ラインを通じて提供される、システム。 - 前記炭化水素燃料は、前記シフト流熱交換器を通じる通過によっても加熱される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記改質器に水を通すために構成される送水ラインをさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記送水ラインは、前記シフト流熱交換器を通過する、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記送水ラインは、前記電力生産部のタービンを抜けた膨張二酸化炭素を含む加熱流を受け取り、冷却するよう構成される補助熱交換器を通過する、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記圧力スイング吸着部は、前記実質的に純粋な水素の流れから分離される廃棄流を産出するよう構成され、前記廃棄流は、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、水素、メタン、アルゴン、及び窒素のうち1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記電力生産部と前記水素生産部の間の1つ以上の流れの通過のために構成される1つ以上の流し部材は、前記圧力スイング吸着部から前記電力生産部の燃焼器までの、前記廃棄流の少なくとも一部の通過のためのラインを含む、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 前記電力生産部は、前記電力生産部からの1つ以上の圧縮流に接し、実質的に純粋な二酸化炭素の流れを加熱するよう構成される追加の熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記追加の熱交換器は、前記水素生産部からの流れに接し、前記実質的に純粋な二酸化炭素の流れを加熱するようさらに構成される、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 複合型の電力生産及び水素生産のための方法であって、前記方法は、
電力生産部において電力生産を行うことであって、
再循環CO2流の存在下、燃焼圧で酸化剤と共に第1燃焼器において第1炭化水素燃料を燃焼させ、CO2を含む燃焼生成物流を提供することと、
前記CO2を含む燃焼生成物流をタービン中に膨張させ、電力を生産し、CO2を含むタービン吐出流を形成することと、
前記CO2を含むタービン吐出流を復熱式熱交換器において冷却することと、
前記タービン吐出流の別の成分からCO2を分離し、前記再循環CO2を含む流れを提供することと、
前記再循環CO2を含む流れを実質的に前記燃焼圧まで圧縮することと、
前記タービン吐出流から引き出される熱を使用して圧縮された再循環CO2流の少なくとも一部を前記復熱式熱交換器において加熱し、また、前記水素生産から回収された余分な熱を使用して前記圧縮された再循環CO 2 流の少なくとも一部を加熱し、前記再循環CO2を含む加熱流を提供することと、
前記再循環CO2を含む前記加熱流を前記第1燃焼器に通すことと、
を含むことと、
水素生産部において水素生産を行うことであって、
第2炭化水素燃料の流れを、部分酸化反応器の中に通し、合成ガス流を形成することと、
前記合成ガスを処理し、実質的に純粋な水素の流れ及び少なくとも一酸化炭素を含む廃棄流を提供することであって、前記合成ガスの処理は、前記電力生産において前記圧縮された再循環CO 2 流の少なくとも一部を加熱するために使用される余分な熱を形成するのに効果的であることと、
を含むことと、
を含み、
前記合成ガスの処理は、1つ以上のシフト反応器においてシフト反応を行う際に放出される熱が、前記電力生産において前記圧縮された再循環CO 2 流の少なくとも一部を加熱するための余分な熱として利用可能であるように、前記1つ以上のシフト反応器における処理を含む、方法。 - 前記合成ガスを処理する際に形成される余分な熱は、400℃未満の温度レベルである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記廃棄流から前記第1燃焼器に少なくとも前記一酸化炭素を通すことをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記合成ガスを処理することは、前記第2炭化水素燃料の流れ及び温水の流れを受け取るようにも構成される改質器の中に前記合成ガスを通すことを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記部分酸化反応器を通過する第2炭化水素燃料の流れ、前記改質器により受け取られた第2炭化水素燃料の流れ、前記改質器により受け取られた温水の流れのうち1つ以上は、前記CO2を含むタービン吐出流から伝達される熱を利用する補助熱交換器において加熱される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記合成ガスを処理することは、前記改質器からの改質された合成ガスを、前記1つ以上のシフト反応器、続いてシフト流熱交換器の中に通すことを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第2炭化水素燃料の流れは、前記シフト流熱交換器を通過する炭化水素燃料ラインを介して、前記部分酸化反応器及び前記改質器のうち一方又は両方に提供される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記改質器で受け取られた温水の流れは、前記シフト流熱交換器を通過する送水ラインを通して提供される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記シフト流熱交換器を抜けた流れを水分離器の中に通し、水を除去し、水素及び不純物を含む粗水素流を形成することをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記実質的に純粋な水素及び前記廃棄流を産出する圧力スイング吸着部の中に前記粗水素流を通すことをさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記廃棄流は、前記電力生産部の燃焼器への投入に適した圧力まで圧縮され、その後、前記電力生産部の燃焼器に通される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記電力生産部は、前記電力生産部からの1つ以上の圧縮流に接し、再循環CO2の流れを加熱する追加の熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮された再循環CO 2 流の少なくとも一部を加熱するために使用される余分な熱を提供するために、前記水素生産部からの加熱流を、前記追加の熱交換器の中に通すことをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記第1炭化水素燃料が、燃焼し、前記CO2を含むタービン吐出流の少なくとも一部に追加の熱を提供するように、前記CO2を含むタービン吐出流の少なくとも一部は、前記第1炭化水素燃料及び酸素の流れと共に第2燃焼器を通過する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記CO2を含むタービン吐出流の少なくとも一部に提供される追加の熱の少なくとも一部は、前記水素生産部にある1つ以上の流れに提供される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記電力生産部とは別のガスタービンにおいて電力生産を行うことであって、前記実質的に純粋な水素の少なくとも一部は、前記ガスタービンにおいて燃焼し、電力を生産することをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
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KR101294108B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-08-08 | 자동차부품연구원 | 현가 시스템과 이를 포함하는 자동차 |
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US11891950B2 (en) | 2024-02-06 |
US20230042457A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
KR102397390B1 (ko) | 2022-05-16 |
AU2024220133A1 (en) | 2024-10-17 |
CN110121586B (zh) | 2022-01-25 |
AU2023203880B2 (en) | 2024-11-14 |
MY193298A (en) | 2022-10-03 |
WO2018087694A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
JP2020501076A (ja) | 2020-01-16 |
EA201991115A1 (ru) | 2019-11-29 |
AU2023203880A1 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
CN110121586A (zh) | 2019-08-13 |
KR20230162999A (ko) | 2023-11-29 |
AU2017356668B2 (en) | 2023-04-20 |
ZA201902932B (en) | 2023-10-25 |
MX2019005429A (es) | 2019-07-10 |
CA3042969A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
AU2017356668A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
US20180128172A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
US20240125270A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
EA039539B1 (ru) | 2022-02-08 |
KR20220066419A (ko) | 2022-05-24 |
KR20190085009A (ko) | 2019-07-17 |
JP2022130486A (ja) | 2022-09-06 |
EP3538746A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
KR102605432B1 (ko) | 2023-11-24 |
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US11506122B2 (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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