JP7189399B2 - 骨髄増殖性障害を患う患者の処置のための方法及び医薬組成物 - Google Patents
骨髄増殖性障害を患う患者の処置のための方法及び医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、JAK2-STATシグナル伝達経路のディスレギュレーションを呈する患者における骨髄増殖性障害の処置のための方法及び医薬組成物に関する。
骨髄増殖性障害(MPD)は、中でも、真性赤血球増加症(PV)、原発性骨髄線維症(PMF)、血小板血症、本態性血小板血症(ET)、特発性骨髄線維症(IMF)、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、全身性肥満細胞症(SM)、慢性好中球性白血病(CNL)、骨髄異形成症候群(MDS)及び全身性肥満細胞疾患(SMCD)を含む。JAK2-STATシグナル伝達経路のディスレギュレーションは、古典的なMPD、すなわち、PV、ET及びPMFの発生及び進行に関与している。JAK2/STAT経路の活性化は、特に、JAK2、MPL又はCALR遺伝子における機能獲得遺伝子突然変異により起こり、同突然変異は、MPD表現型の起源におけるドライバー突然変異を表わす。MPDにおけるJAK2の中心的な役割から、低分子JAK2阻害剤の開発につながった。同阻害剤は、臨床的に使用されており、MPDを有するほとんど全ての患者において活性であり、脾腫、炎症及び生活の質に関連する全身症状に主要な作用を誘引する一方で、生存及び突然変異を有する幹細胞の根絶に失敗するMPDクローンに対する軽微な作用を誘引する。他の治療法の中でも、インターフェロンアルファ(IFNα、現在、寿命が延長されたペグ化形態として使用されている)は、現在、JAK2V617Fクローンをターゲッティングし、完全な分子応答(CMR)をもたらす最も効率的な治療法である。臨床試験では、PV/ET及びPMFの初期段階において、血液学的応答及び分子応答の割合が高いことが示されている。しかしながら、依然として相当な改善の余地がある。実際に、MPN患者の約3分の1は、IFNαに応答せず、完全な分子応答(CMR)が観察されるのは、約20%の患者においてのみである。更に、CMRを得るには、長期処置(2~5年)が必要であり、長期毒性の可能性のために成功が危うくなる。CMRの失敗、薬剤抵抗性及び長い遅延の理由は、主に、悪性クローンを根絶するためにIFNαにより使用されるメカニズムがわかりにくいため、相乗的又は相加的な治療分子との組み合わせによるこの治療の任意の改善が制限されるという事実のために、不明瞭なままである。
本発明は、JAK2-STATシグナル伝達経路のディスレギュレーションを呈する患者における骨髄増殖性障害の処置のための方法及び医薬組成物に関する。特に、本発明は、特許請求の範囲により規定される。
本発明の第1の目的は、JAK2-STATシグナル伝達経路のディスレギュレーションを呈する患者における骨髄増殖性障害を処置する方法であって、インターフェロンポリペプチドとヒ素化合物との治療上有効な組み合わせを患者に投与することを含む、方法に関する。
方法
MPNマウスモデル(JAK2V617F KI/vav-Cre)及びこのモデルにおけるIFNa単独の前臨床作用が以前に記載された(Hasan et al.JAK2V617F expression in mice amplifies early hematopoietic cells and gives them a competitive advantage that is hampered by IFNα. Blood 2013)。簡潔には、このモデルは、5か月後に二次骨髄線維症に変換するヒト真性赤血球増加症(PV)を模倣する。12~13週間のIFNa処置により、分化の初期段階でJAK2V617F細胞を特異的にターゲッティングすることによって、疾患発生が予防され、疾患開始細胞が根絶された(二次レシピエントアッセイ)。前臨床モデルは、60% WTと40% KI JAK2V617F骨髄(BM)細胞との混合物を移植することにより、正常マウスにおいて作製される。JAK2V617F細胞を標識し、GFPを使用するFACS分析により血中及び組織中のJAK2V617Fアレル負荷を追跡するために、KI JAK2V617FマウスをUbi-GFP遺伝子導入マウスと予め交配する。分析には、i)血液細胞パラメータ及びアレル負荷(GFP)/2週間、ii)BM/SP分析(CFC、選別LSK/SLAMにおけるアレル負荷、組織学)、iii)二次レシピエントにおける疾患開始細胞の評価並びにiv)処置停止後の処置マウスにおける治癒又は再発の評価を含ませた。
IFN単独又はIFN+ARSは、白血球増加を正常値に有意に減少させた(p<0.05)(図1)。この組み合わせは、ARS単独又はIFN単独の効果を有意に(p<0.05)増加させた(図1)。IFN単独で処置の6週目及び8週目にIFN+ARSの組み合わせによりわずかに改善された(p<0.05、データを示さず)血小板減少症を誘発した以前の実験とは対照的に、この実験での血小板数におけるARS単独、IFN単独又はIFN+ARSの効果は無かった(図1)。
IFN単独
-白血球増加症の正常白血球数レベルへの低下
-血小板レベルの減少(血小板減少症)(1件の実験を除く、ただし、それは普通ではなかった)(5件中の1件)
-Ht、Hb及びRBCレベルの低下(p<0.001)及び微小細胞症の予防(RBC体積の増加)
-脾腫の減少
-WBC、血小板、RBC及び全ての初期細胞におけるアレル負荷の減少
-疾患開始細胞を部分的にサプレッションし、処置停止後の再発を予防する
ARS単独
-白血球増加症の有意な減少(p<0.05)
-血小板数に影響を及ぼさなかった
-Hb又はHtレベルに影響を及ぼさなかったが、RBCレベルは低下し、RBC体積は増加した(p<0.005)
-WBCアレル負荷(それを増加させる傾向)に影響を及ぼさなかった
-初期細胞におけるアレル負荷を増加させなかった
IFN+ARSの組み合わせ
-ARS又はIFN単独により誘発されたWBCの減少を改善する
-血小板数に影響を及ぼさず、IFN単独により誘発された血小板減少症を改善する
-IFN単独により誘発されたヘマトクリット、ヘモグロビン及びRBCレベルの低下を増強し、一過性の微小細胞症(RBC体積の減少、MCV)を引き起こす
-脾腫を正常重量に減少させ、IFN単独での効果を改善する
-WBC、血小板、RBC及び初期細胞におけるアレル負荷の減少におけるIFN効果を改善する
-疾患開始細胞の根絶及び処置停止後の再発予防におけるIFN効果を改善した
-赤血球増加症の矯正
-白血球増加症の矯正
-IFNにより誘発された血小板減少症の矯正
-新生物JAK2V617Fクローン由来の循環顆粒球、血小板及び赤血球の減少
-骨髄及び脾臓新生物JAK2V617F前駆細胞及び幹細胞の減少
-JAK2V617F陽性疾患開始細胞のサプレッション
-治療停止後の疾患再発の予防
患者前駆細胞のクローン形成メチルセルロース培養物中でのIFNとARSとの組み合わせを探索すると、突然変異赤血球コロニーの増殖の選択的かつ相乗的な障害が観察され(図7)、マウス観察の初代ヒト細胞への関連性を議論した。
本出願全体を通して、種々の参考文献には、本発明が属する技術水準が記載されている。これらの参考文献の開示は、本開示に参照により組み入れられる。
Claims (7)
- インターフェロン-アルファ(IFN-α)ポリペプチドとヒ素化合物とを含む、JAK2V617F突然変異を有する患者における骨髄増殖性障害を処置するための医薬組成物。
- インターフェロン-アルファ(IFN-α)ポリペプチドとヒ素化合物とを備える、JAK2V617F突然変異を有する患者における骨髄増殖性障害を処置するためのキット。
- 患者が、骨髄増殖性新生物(MPN)を患っている、請求項1記載の医薬組成物又は請求項2記載のキット。
- 骨髄増殖性新生物(MPN)が、真性赤血球増加症(PV)、本態性血小板血症(ET)又は原発性骨髄線維症(PMF)である、請求項1記載の医薬組成物又は請求項2記載のキット。
- 患者が、骨髄異形成症候群を患っている、請求項1記載の医薬組成物又は請求項2記載のキット。
- インターフェロン-アルファが、ペグ化されている、請求項1記載の医薬組成物又は請求項2記載のキット。
- ヒ素化合物が、ヒ素、三酸化ヒ素(As2O3)、メラルソプロール及びヒ素硫黄誘導体からなる群より選択される、請求項1記載の医薬組成物又は請求項2記載のキット。
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US5981709A (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1999-11-09 | Enzon, Inc. | α-interferon-polymer-conjugates having enhanced biological activity and methods of preparing the same |
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