JP7153570B2 - 高粘度成分を含むプリント可能な組成物及びそれから3d物品を生成する方法 - Google Patents
高粘度成分を含むプリント可能な組成物及びそれから3d物品を生成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Images
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- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2051—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
- G03F7/2053—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a laser
- G03F7/2055—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a laser for the production of printing plates; Exposure of liquid photohardening compositions
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Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Description
(a)25℃で少なくとも20,000cPの粘度を有する45~95重量%の重合性成分と、(b)5~50重量%の仮の溶媒と、(c)0.1~5重量%の光重合開始剤と、(d)0.001~1重量%の重合禁止剤と、及び任意で(e)0.01~1重量%の吸収調整剤とを含む。
本開示のプリント可能な組成物は、少なくとも1つの重合性成分を含む。本明細書で参照する目的では、「重合性成分」は、プリントされた3D物品を提供するために硬化することのできる、硬質化可能成分を含む。例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、硬質化は、重合又は架橋結合反応を開始するために十分なエネルギーを有する電磁放射線を照射することを含む。例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、紫外線(UV)放射を使用することができる。
重合性成分の粘度は、非反応性の溶媒の中で成分を希釈することにより大幅に低下させることができる。本明細書で使用されるとき、「非反応性の溶媒」は、プリント可能な樹脂に重合しない溶媒である(例えば、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート、重合開始剤、及び、任意で充填剤などの他の添加剤)。溶媒は非反応性なので、例えば高粘度の重合性成分樹脂の材料特性に有害な影響を及ぼすことなく、下記に説明する方法に従って、プリントされた物品から抜き取ることができる。したがって、本開示で有用な溶媒を、本明細書では仮の溶媒と称する。
本明細書に記載のプリント可能な組成物は、いくつかの例では1つ以上の添加剤を更に含み、それらは、光開始剤、禁止剤、安定剤、増感剤、吸収調整剤、充填剤及びそれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される1つ以上の添加剤などである。例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、プリント可能な組成物は、1つ以上の光開始剤を更に含む。好適な例示的光開始剤は商品名IRGACURE及びDAROCURでBASF(Ludwigshafen,Germany)から入手可能なもので、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(IRGACURE184)、2,2-ジメトキシ-1,2-ジフェニルエタン-1-オン(IRGACURE651)、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)フェニルホスフィンオキシド(IRGACURE819)、1-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロパン-1-オン(IRGACURE2959)、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルホリノフェニル)ブタノン(IRGACURE369)、2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルホリノプロパン-1-オン(IRGACURE907)、オリゴ[2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-[4-(1-メチルビニル)フェニル]プロパン]ESACURE ONE(Lamberti S.p.A.,Gallarate,Italy)、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン(DAROCUR1173)、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキシド(IRGACURE TPO)、及び2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルフェニルホスフィネート(IRGACURE TPO-L)を含む。更なる好適な光開始剤には、例えば、ベンジルジメチルケタール、2-メチル-2-ヒドロキシプロピオフェノン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインイソプロピルエーテル、アニソインメチルエーテル、芳香族塩化スルホニル、光活性オキシム、及びこれらの組み合わせが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
上記のとおりに調製した後は、本開示のプリント可能な組成物を多様な付加製造工程に使用して、様々な物品を形成することができる。3次元物品を形成するための一般化された方法100が、図1に示されている。方法の各ステップについて、下記に詳細に説明する。まず、ステップ110で、所望のプリント可能な組成物が提供され、3Dプリンタによって使用されるように、又は3Dプリンタ内で使用されるように、リザーバ、カートリッジ、又は他の適切な容器に導入される。3Dプリンティング装置はステップ120で、指定のコンピュータ化された設計指示のセットに従ってプリント可能な組成物を選択的に硬化させて、所望の物品を表現する素地を形成する。初期の硬化工程が完了すると、ステップ130で、加熱、溶媒の抜き取り、又は当技術分野で知られている溶媒を除去するための他の方法を通して、硬化した物品から仮の溶媒が除去される。ステップ130の溶媒除去工程に続いて、ステップ140で、素地に追加の硬化が施され、残存している未硬化の重合性成分が重合化される。
プリントされる物品の特に興味深い実装例の概要を図4に示す。プリントされる物品400は透明なトレイアライナで、患者の歯の一部又は全部にわたって取り外し可能に配置することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、装具400は、複数の段階的調整装具のうちの1つである。プリントされた装具400は、内部に空洞を有するシェルを含むことができる。内部空洞は、歯を受け入れ、1つの歯の配列から連続する歯の配列に弾性的に再配置するように形成される。内部空洞は複数の受け部を含んでよく、その各々は、患者の歯列弓のそれぞれの歯と接続し、受け入れるようになっている。隣接する受け部の付近の領域は互いに連通し得るが、受け部は空洞の長さに沿って互いに離隔される。いくつかの実施形態では、シェルは上顎又は下顎に存在する全ての歯に嵌合する。通常、歯のうちの特定の1つのみが再配置され、他の歯は治療対象の歯に対して弾性的な再配置力を加えながら歯科装具を所定の位置に保持する基部又はアンカーの領域を提供することになる。
患者の歯科矯正治療のための、プリントされた装具を含めた治療計画の規定及び作成の過程のステップは、1つ以上のコンピュータプログラムで実行するためのコンピュータプログラムとして実装することができる。治療計画を作成するシステム及び方法を、例えば、米国特許第7435083号(Chistiら)、米国特許第7134874号(Chistiら)、米国特許出願公開第2009/0286296号(Wenら)、同第2010/0260405号(Cinader,Jr.)、及び米国特許出願公開第2012/0061868号(Rabyら)に見出すことができる。
所望のプリントされた装具構成はそれぞれ、そのプリントされた装具構成の、コンピュータシステムによって作成されたデジタルモデルに基づいて自動製造システムを使用して製造されてもよい。デジタルモデルはSTLファイルフォーマットでもよいが、3Dプリンティングシステムで使用するために適した他のフォーマットもまた企図される。異なる例では、プリントされた装具は、3Dプリンティングを使用して形成されるか熱形成されてから、5軸ミリング加工又はレーザ切削加工によるトリミングなどのようなトリミングを施されてもよい。3Dプリンティングでは、プリントされた装具は3Dプリンティングシステムによって直接3Dプリントされてもよいが、他の例では、プリントされた装置は、3Dプリンティングを使用して形成された歯の金型の上で熱形成されてもよい。例えば、最終的歯列を、コンピューターアルゴリズム、又は治療専門家からの上述の治療計画への入力を用いて決定することができ、治療を一連の個別のステップに細分化することによって導出される1つ以上の中間歯列を作り出すことができる。1つ以上の実施形態では、中間歯列のうちの1つ以上は、例えば、米国特許出願公開第2010/0260405号(Cinader,Jr.)に説明されているように、縮小画像を含むことができる。中間又は最終の歯列がそのような様式で導出された後は、それぞれの歯科的モデル及び/又は装具を、前述した方法を使用して直接製作してもよい。
施術者又は患者によって受け取られた後、第1のプリントされた装具は歯列弓上に設置される。第1のプリントされた装具は、第1の装着期間を定める処方された時間にわたって継続的に装着される。第1の装着期間の終わりに、患者(又は施術者)はプリントされた装具を口から取り外し、患者の治療計画における次の連続的な中間配列に患者の歯を移動させるように構成された新しいプリントされた装具と交換する。
1. 3次元物品を造形する方法であって、a)高粘度の重合性成分、仮の溶媒、及び重合開始剤を含むプリント可能な組成物を提供することと、b)プリント可能な組成物を選択的に硬化させて前記3次元物体の形状を表す物品を形成することと、c)物品から相当量の前記仮の溶媒を除去することと、及びd)任意に、ステップc)の前又は後に残存する未重合の前記重合性成分を硬化させることとを含む方法。
組成物の総重量に基づいて、(a)25℃で少なくとも20,000cPの粘度を有する45~95重量%の重合性成分と、(b)5~50重量%の仮の溶媒と、(c)0.1~5重量%の光重合開始剤と、(d)0.001~1重量%の重合禁止剤と、及び任意で(e)0.01~1重量%の吸収調整剤とを含む、プリント可能な組成物。
粘度試験の方法
組成物の粘度を、Brookfield AMETEK,Inc.(Middleboro,MA,USA.)製のCAP2000+Viscometerを使用し、ASTM D4287に従って試験した。また、そのように試験することができる。
ASTM D638-10に記載のタイプVの引張試験片形状に準拠する試験片をプリントすることにより、物体の機械的特性を試験した。また、そのように試験することができる。狭部の幅Wは公称3.18mm、狭部の長さLは9.53mmである。試験片の厚さは1mmである。試験片の全長LOを、各グリップ部を7.75mmずつ短縮することによって、63.5mmから48mmに縮小させた。これを行ったのは、Asiga PicoPlus39プリンタの利用可能なプリント領域に引張試験片を収めるためである。試験片を、MTS Systems Corp.(Eden Prairie,MN)製の引張試験機モデルInsight 5SLで、5kNの負荷セルを使用して5.1mm/minの速度で試験した。
DESMA及びExothane 108を水槽内で50℃に加熱して粘度を低下させ、樹脂の取り扱いが容易になるようにした。125g褐色ガラス瓶内で、DESMA及びExothane 108を、表2に示される重量だけ計量した。次に、PC、TPO、Tinopal及びBHTを、表2に示される重量だけ追加し、瓶を閉じて、1日間、回転バンクミキサーに置いた。
実施例1は団結せず、プリントされた物体を形成しなかった。
上記の方法を使用して、実施例2の組成物を有する追加の引張試験片をプリントした。これらの引張試験片に様々な溶媒除去方法を施し、続いて機械的特性を試験した。結果及び溶媒除去パラメータを下記の表3に報告する。
追加のサンプルを調製し、実施例7の溶媒除去パラメータに従って処理してから、再度水に浸漬し、水吸収があれば、その程度と影響を調べた。乾燥させた物品を周囲温度及び圧力で48時間水に浸漬した。未乾燥の物品で機械的特性を試験し、下記の表4に報告する結果を得た。
高粘度ウレタンメタクリレートの混合物を3種類の異なる溶媒で希釈して粘度を測定した。DESMA及びExothane 10を水槽内で50℃に加熱して粘度を低下させ、樹脂の取り扱いが容易になるようにした。次に、125g褐色ガラス瓶内で、8.0gのDESMA及び72.0gのExothane 108を計量した。次に、20.0gの溶媒、TPO、Tinopal及びBHTを追加し、瓶を閉じて、2日間、回転バンクミキサーに置いた。
高粘度ウレタンメタクリレートの混合物を3つの異なる分量の炭酸プロピレンで希釈し、オーブンにおける溶剤除去とその結果の引張特性を測定した。DESMA及びExothane 108を水槽内で50℃に加熱して粘度を低下させ、樹脂の取り扱いが容易になるようにした。125g褐色ガラス瓶内で、DESMA及びExothane 108を、表に示される重量だけ計量した。次に、炭酸プロピレン、TPO、Tinopal及びBHTを追加し、瓶を閉じて、2日間、回転バンクミキサーに置いた。各サンプルの組成を、下記の表6に示す。
充填される樹脂(すなわち、プリント用組成物)を、表8に示す配合に従って、Thinky(Laguna Hills,CA)プラネタリーミキサー内で2000rpmで1分間混合することにより調製した。混合は4回繰り返し、各混合サイクルの間にプリント用組成物を室温まで冷却した。
実施例17に記載の充填される樹脂を、385nm、約23mW/cm2のパワーのLED光源を使用して、Asiga Pico 2プリンタでプリントした。ISO-4049に従う曲げ試験片(2x2x25mm)を、2x2がビルドプレートに面した状態でプリントした。使用した設定は、スライス厚=50μm、バーンイン層=3、分離速度=10mm/s、層当たりのスライド量=1、露光時間=15.0s、通常露光時間=1.5秒である。次に試験片をイソプロピルアルコールで洗浄し、各側で90分間ずつ融合ランプの下で後硬化させた。次に、真空オーブンの中で、サンプルを100℃で48時間超乾燥させた。オーブンで乾燥した後、10%の重量損失が観察された。次に、後硬化された試験片を、ISO-4049に従う3点曲げ治具内で試験した。後硬化された試験片の曲げ強度を、メガパスカル(Mpa)単位で表9に報告する。
Claims (10)
- 3次元物体を造形する方法であって、
a)(a)45~95重量%の高粘度の重合性成分、(b)5~50重量%の仮の溶媒、及び(c)0.1~5重量%の重合開始剤を含み、ただし(a)~(c)の合計は100重量%を超えない、プリント可能な組成物を提供することと、
b)前記プリント可能な組成物を選択的に硬化させて前記3次元物体の形状を表す物品を形成することと、
c)前記物品から相当量の前記仮の溶媒を除去することと、及び
d)任意に、ステップc)の前又は後に残存する未重合の重合性成分を硬化させることとを含み、
前記高粘度の重合性成分が、前記仮の溶媒と混合する前に、25℃で少なくとも20,000cPの粘度を有し、及び
前記仮の溶媒が、少なくとも50℃の沸点を有し、かつ20℃で150.0hPaより低い蒸気圧を有する、方法。 - 相当量の前記仮の溶媒を除去することは、前記仮の溶媒の少なくとも60%、前記仮の溶媒の少なくとも90%、又は前記仮の溶媒の95%を除去することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 相当量の前記仮の溶媒を除去することは、前記物品を25℃より高く90℃より低い温度で少なくとも12時間加熱することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 相当量の前記仮の溶媒を除去することは、前記物品を少なくとも12時間水に浸漬し、前記物品を水から取り出し、前記物品を室温にて乾燥させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 付加製造に有用なプリント可能な組成物であって、
前記組成物の総重量に基づいて、(a)25℃で少なくとも20,000cPの粘度を有する45~95重量%の重合性成分と、(b)20~50重量%の仮の溶媒と、(c)0.1~5重量%の光重合開始剤と、(d)0.001~1重量%の重合禁止剤と、及び任意で(e)0.01~1重量%の吸収調整剤とを含み、ただし、前記(a)~(e)の合計は100重量%を超えることはなく、
前記仮の溶媒が、少なくとも50℃の沸点を有し、かつ20℃で150.0hPaより低い蒸気圧を有する、プリント可能な組成物。 - 前記仮の溶媒は、前記プリント可能な組成物の総重量に基づいて20~40重量%を構成する、請求項5に記載のプリント可能な組成物。
- 前記仮の溶媒は、炭酸プロピレン、イソプロピルアルコール、メタノール、及びトリプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル、並びにこれらの組み合わせから成るグループから選択される、請求項5又は6に記載のプリント可能な組成物。
- 前記重合性成分は前記仮の溶媒と混合する前に25℃で少なくとも30,000cPかつ300,000cP以下の粘度を有する、請求項5に記載のプリント可能な組成物。
- 前記重合性成分はポリ(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項5に記載のプリント可能な組成物。
- 前記重合性成分は1つ以上の多官能性ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項9に記載のプリント可能な組成物。
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AU2017289257B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
BR112018077517A2 (pt) | 2019-04-02 |
AU2017289257A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
EP3479171A1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
WO2018005501A9 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
WO2018005501A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
JP2019519405A (ja) | 2019-07-11 |
AU2017289257A9 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
CN109716234A (zh) | 2019-05-03 |
KR20190022777A (ko) | 2019-03-06 |
RU2715224C1 (ru) | 2020-02-26 |
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