JP7021604B2 - Steaming blasting device and steaming blasting system equipped with it - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a steaming blasting apparatus and a steaming blasting system including the steaming blasting apparatus.

In Patent Document 1, organic waste is stored in a container, and after the waste is heated (steamed) with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the pressure inside the container is momentarily released, and the energy of adiabatic expansion of water is used. A steam blasting (steaming blasting) type waste treatment device for crushing (blasting) solid components is disclosed.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a device in which a plurality of pressure-resistant containers are arranged in series and each container is connected by a valve is used, and after supplying a fibrous material to the first-stage container and boiling at high temperature and high pressure, A multi-stage blasting method of blasting while gradually lowering the pressure in each container is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-37536 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-105195

When the raw material biomass is a so-called wet biomass containing a large amount of water (for example, 50 wt%), conventionally, dried biomass dried until the water content of the biomass becomes about 10 wt% or less is crushed to produce biomass fuel. There is. In this case, since a pretreatment facility for drying the biomass is required, energy consumption such as electric power for operating the dryer is increased, and a pretreatment facility called a dryer is required.

Further, when the biomass is crushed by steam blasting by effectively utilizing the steam generated in a large amount in the boiler as in the waste treatment apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the energy consumption required for crushing the biomass is reduced. Can be done. However, in this steam blasting, steam is steamed by mixing it with biomass, so a large amount of steam is generated after steam blasting. If steam is released to the outside of the device after the blasting process, energy loss will occur due to heat disposal, which may lead to a decrease in power generation efficiency of a thermal power plant or the like in which a boiler is installed.

On the other hand, the steaming and blasting apparatus described in Patent Document 2 uses the steam generated in the first-stage blasting in the next-stage blasting by blasting in each container in stages. However, as in the case of Patent Document 1, after the blasting treatment is completed in each container, water vapor is released to the outside of the apparatus, and energy loss due to heat disposal occurs. In addition, steam other than that derived from a large amount of water generated by the blasting of each stage and even condensed water are steamed again in the container of the next stage.

Further, since the material is crushed step by step, even the material having a desired particle size is steamed and crushed again. Therefore, as a result of re-steaming of steam other than that derived from water and condensed water, and unnecessary re-steaming and re-blasting of a material having a desired particle size, energy loss may increase. Furthermore, vapors other than those derived from water may alter the micronized biomass, degrading the combustion efficiency of the micronized biomass. Moreover, since a large number of containers are required for one blasting process consisting of multiple stages of blasting, the equipment cost increases.

Further, in neither of Patent Documents 1 and 2, special consideration is given to the handling of the solid residue whose desired particle size has not been obtained after the blasting treatment. Therefore, there is still a problem in producing micronized biomass as a fuel in high yield by efficiently pulverizing the biomass with a small amount of energy.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to efficiently finely grind biomass with a small amount of energy to produce finely divided biomass as a fuel in a high yield. It is an object of the present invention to provide a steaming and exploding device capable of being capable of steaming and exploding, and a steaming and exploding system equipped with the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the steaming and exploding device of the present invention includes a shell to which steam is supplied, a tube arranged in the shell, a feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube, and a feeder for supplying biomass into the tube. The inlet valve interposed on the inlet side of the tube, the outlet valve interposed on the outlet side of the tube, the inlet valve are opened, the outlet valve is closed, and the steam is supplied from the feeder to the tube via the inlet valve. , The inlet and outlet valves are closed, the biomass is sealed in the tube, the biomass in the tube is heated by the steam in the shell, and after the holding time has elapsed, the inlet valve is closed, the outlet valve is opened, and the inside of the tube is closed. A control unit that steam-blasts the biomass with its water content to produce pulverized biomass, and a separation unit that is connected to the outlet side of the tube and separates solid residue and water vapor from the pulverized biomass generated in the tube. A first circulation path for returning at least a part of the steam separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube is provided , and the first circulation path has a heat retaining unit for suppressing the condensation of the steam separated by the separation unit .

On the other hand, the steaming and blasting system of the present invention is connected to a shell to which steam is supplied, a tube arranged in the shell, a feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube and supplying biomass into the tube, and an inlet side of the tube. The inlet valve to be interposed, the outlet valve to be interposed on the outlet side of the tube, the inlet valve to be opened, the outlet valve to be closed, the steam is supplied from the feeder to the tube via the inlet valve, and the inlet and outlet valves are used. Close, seal the biomass in the tube, heat the biomass in the tube with steam in the shell, close the inlet valve and open the outlet valve after the retention time elapses, and contain the biomass in the tube with its water content. Separated by a control unit that is connected to the outlet side of the tube and separates the solid residue and steam from the pulverized biomass generated in the tube, and a separation unit that is connected to the outlet side of the tube to generate pulverized biomass by steam blasting. It is a steaming and blasting system equipped with a plurality of steaming and exploding devices equipped with a first circulation path for returning at least a part of steam to the inlet side of the tube, and the first circulation path is a different steaming and exploding device for steam separated by a separation unit. Return to the inlet side of the tube.

According to the steaming and blasting apparatus of the present invention and the steaming and blasting system provided therein, biomass can be efficiently pulverized with a small amount of energy to produce pulverized biomass as fuel in a high yield.

It is a block diagram which shows the boiler apparatus provided with the steaming explosion apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the steaming blasting apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which looked at the shell of FIG. 2 from the arrow view direction of the cross section AA of FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the blasting control executed by the control unit of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the steaming explosion crusher which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the blasting control executed by the control unit of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the steaming explosion crushing system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows another form of the steaming explosion crushing system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the form which the steaming blasting apparatus of FIG. 1 or FIG. 5 is provided with a receiving tank.

Hereinafter, the steaming blasting apparatus of the present invention and the steaming blasting system provided with the steaming blasting apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a boiler device 1 provided with a steaming and explosive device. The boiler device 1 includes a coal-fired boiler 2 and is installed in a thermal power plant or the like. The coal-fired boiler 2 is, for example, a pulverized coal-fired boiler (PC boiler: Pulverized Coal boiler), which includes a furnace 2a, a superheater 2b which is a rear heat transfer section, a reheater 2c, and a coal saving section 2d. There is. A denitration section 4, an air heater 5, a dust collector 6, an attraction fan 7, a heat exchanger 8, a desulfurization section 9, and a push-in fan 10 are sequentially arranged in the exhaust gas treatment flue 3 from the economizer 2d to the chimney P. Has been done.

The air heater 5 warms the external air introduced by the push-in fan 11 with the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the denitration unit 4, and sends it to the burner unit 2e of the coal-fired boiler 2 as combustion air. The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas guided by the attracting fan 7 and passing through the dust collector 6 and the exhaust gas introduced by the pushing fan 10 and passing through the desulfurization unit 9. The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchanger 8 is discharged from the chimney P.

The coal-fired boiler 2 is supplied with pulverized coal fuel obtained by pulverizing coal C with a mechanical mill (crusher) 20. The pulverized coal fuel is charged into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner section 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the push-in fan 11 and burned.

The steam generated by the combustion of the pulverized coal fuel in the coal-fired boiler 2 of the boiler device 1 is sent from the superheater 2b to the high-pressure turbine 22 through the pipe 21 to rotate the high-pressure turbine 22. The steam used for the work of the high-pressure turbine 22 is returned to the reheater 2c through the pipe 23 and heated again. Then, the reheated steam is sent to the medium / low pressure turbine 25 through the pipe 24, is used for the work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25, and then passes through the pipe 26 and the condenser 27 to be a coal-fired boiler 2. Returned to.

Further, the boiler device 1 includes a steaming and blasting device 30 that pulverizes biomass B, which is a raw material, by steam blasting to produce pulverized biomass as a biomass fuel. Biomass B is, for example, a solid fuel made of woody biomass, but is a wet biomass having a water content of about 30 wt% to 60 wt%. Further, the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 includes a separation unit 50 that separates the solid residue and steam from the generated micronized biomass.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 according to the first embodiment. The steaming and exploding device 30 is arranged above the heat exchange unit 36 and the heat exchange unit 36 having a shell & tube structure having a shell 32 to which steam is supplied and a plurality of tubes 34 arranged in the shell 32, and each of them. A feeder 38 connected to the inlet side of the tubes 34 and capable of supplying biomass B into each tube 34, and a separation unit 50 described later are provided.

The feeder 38 includes a hopper 38a into which the biomass B is charged, and a transport path 38b for transporting the biomass B flowing down from the hopper 38a toward the inlet of each tube 34. Further, a transport path 47 connected to the furnace 2a is provided at the lower part of the steaming / explosive device 30.

The shell 32 is a closed container formed of a cylindrical body portion 32a, an upper wall 32b that seals the upper and lower sides of the body portion 32a, and a lower wall 32c, respectively. The body portion 32a is formed with an inlet portion 32d for water vapor and an outlet portion 32e. For example, the entrance portion 32d is positioned near the upper wall 32b of the body portion 32a, and the exit portion 32e is positioned near the lower wall 32c of the body portion 32a. A branch pipe 28 branching from the pipe 23 is connected to the inlet portion 32d.

A part of steam (reheated steam) at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. that returns to the reheater 2c of the coal-fired boiler 2 after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22 is supplied to the shell 32 from the inlet portion 32d via the branch pipe 28. Will be done. A merging pipe 29 that joins the pipe 23 is connected to the outlet portion 32e on the downstream side of the branch point of the branch pipe 28 in the pipe 23. The steam flowing through the shell 32 and used for heating the biomass B supplied to each tube 34 and eventually to the specific tube 34 described later is returned to the pipe 23 via the merging pipe 29 and reused in the coal-fired boiler 2. Will be done. That is, the steam generated by the coal-fired boiler 2 is circulated in the shell 32.

Each tube 34 is arranged in the shell 32, and each tube 34 extends vertically from the upper and lower walls 32b and 32c of the shell 32 while maintaining the airtightness in the shell 32. Further, an inlet valve 40 and an outlet valve 42 are provided for each tube 34 at a portion protruding vertically from the shell 32 of each tube 34.

Specifically, the inlet valve 40 is interposed in each tube 34 protruding from the upper wall 32b of the shell 32 on the upper side of the shell 32. Further, the outlet valve 42 is interposed in each tube 34 protruding from the lower wall 32c of the shell 32 on the lower side of the shell 32. The inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are, for example, gate valves (gate valves) and butterfly valves, and solid materials such as wood chips can be smoothly and instantly distributed without being caught during the opening operation, and without clogging during the closing operation. It has a plate-shaped valve body that can reliably block the flow path.

Each tube 34 has an upwardly inclined tube portion 34a inclined toward the radial center of the body portion 32a of the shell 32 on the upper side of the inlet valve 40. Further, each tube 34 has a downwardly inclined tube portion 34b inclined toward the radial center of the body portion 32a of the shell 32 on the lower side of the outlet valve 42.

A branch pipe (branch path) 44 is provided between each upper inclined pipe portion 34a of each tube 34 and the transport path 38b of the feeder 38. The branch pipe 44 is connected to the inlet of each tube 34 formed at the upper end of each upper inclined pipe portion 34a. That is, each tube 34 is configured to be able to communicate with the hopper 38a via the branch pipe 44, each inlet valve 40, and the transport path 38b.

On the other hand, a merging pipe (merging flow path) 46 is provided between the lower inclined pipe portion 34b of each tube 34 and the transport path 47 leading to the furnace 2a. The outlet of each tube 34 formed at the lower end of the lower inclined pipe portion 34b is connected to the merging pipe 46. That is, each tube 34 is configured to be able to communicate with the furnace 2a via each outlet valve 42, the merging pipe 46, and the transport path 47.

As for the inclination angles of the upper and lower inclined pipe portions 34a and 34b with respect to the vertical direction, the angle of each tube 34 located in the vicinity of the body portion 32a of the shell 32 is the largest, and the diameter of the body portion 32a of the shell 32 is the largest. The angle of each tube 34 located in the center of the direction is the smallest.

As for the inclination angles of the upper and lower inclined pipe portions 34a and 34b, the biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 side to each tube 34 and the biomass B sent from each tube 34 to the furnace 2a side smoothly by their own weight. It is set at an angle that allows it to flow down. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 is filled in the branch pipe 44 and each upper inclined pipe portion 34a with a high filling rate, and is blocked by each closed inlet valve 40. ..

When each inlet valve 40 is opened, the biomass B is supplied to each tube 34 in the shell 32 without being clogged by the branch pipe 44 and each upper inclined pipe portion 34a. The inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are electrically connected to the control unit 48 of the steaming and explosive device 30. By opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 based on the signal of the control unit 48, the blasting control for controlling the steam blasting performed by the steaming blasting apparatus 30 is executed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the shell 32 as viewed from the arrow-viewing direction of the AA cross section of FIG. In the shell 32, for example, 24 tubes 34 are arranged apart from each other. Further, 24 inlet and 24 outlet valves 40 and 42 are provided corresponding to each tube 34. The 24 tubes 34 are composed of, for example, four first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D surrounded by a broken line, and the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D are each composed of six tubes 34. ing.

Further, the 24 inlet valves 40 are composed of four 1st to 4th inlet valve groups corresponding to the 1st to 4th tube groups 34A to 34D, and the 1st to 4th inlet valve groups are 6 each. It is composed of an inlet valve 40 of. Further, the 24 outlet valves 42 are also composed of four first to fourth outlet valve groups corresponding to the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D, like the inlet valve 40, and are composed of the first to fourth outlets. Each valve group is composed of 6 outlet valves 42.

Hereinafter, the blasting control executed by the control unit 48 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, when the control unit 48 starts the blasting control, in step S1, each inlet valve 40 of the first inlet valve group is to perform blasting in the first tube group 34A (when n = 1 in the nth group). Is opened, and each outlet valve 42 of the first outlet valve group is closed. As a result, the biomass B blocked by each inlet valve 40 of the first inlet valve group is supplied into each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the biomass B in the tube 34 has a preset filling rate. It is filled until it becomes.

Next, in step S2, each inlet valve 40 of the first inlet valve group is closed, and the biomass B filled in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A is sealed in each of these tubes 34. As described above, this biomass B is a wet biomass having a water content of about 30 wt% to 60 wt%.

Then, the biomass B in each of the tubes 34 of the first tube group 34A is indirectly heated by the steam supplied from the boiler device 1 into the shell 32 and circulating in the shell 32. That is, the steam generated by the boiler device 1 is supplied to the shell 32 as a heating source for each tube 34, is not supplied into each tube 34, and does not come into contact with the biomass B.

Since each tube 34 is heated to a high temperature by the heat of the steam circulating in the shell 32, the water content of the biomass B held in the sealed state in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A gradually evaporates. As a result, the inside of each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A is filled with steam to increase the pressure, and the steam based on the water content of the biomass B is used for steam explosion of the biomass B.

The conditions for steam explosion in the tube 34 vary depending on the inner diameter, length, material, thickness, etc. of the tube 34, but the steaming temperature is, for example, about 200 ° C to 250 ° C, and the holding time (sealing time) t is, for example, 10 minutes to 30. The steaming pressure (sealing pressure) is about 1.6 MPa to 4.0 MPa. Further, the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 can generate micronized biomass of about 1 ton / hour when the outer diameter of each tube 34 is 100 mm and the tube length is about 8 m, for example.

Further, if the holding time t is too long, decomposition proceeds from the crushing of the biomass during the blasting, and conversely, the combustion efficiency deteriorates, so that the holding time t is set to an appropriate time within the above range.
In this way, the biomass B is indirectly heated in a closed state through the tube 34 by the steam circulated in the shell 32, and the biomass B is steamed in the tube 34 by the water content of the biomass B.

Next, in step S3, it is determined whether or not the holding time t after the transition from step S2 has elapsed. When the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that steaming capable of suitable steam explosion has been sufficiently performed in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the process proceeds to step S4. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that steaming that allows steam explosion is not sufficiently performed in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the patient stays in step S3 and stands by. ..

Next, in step S4, each outlet valve 42 of the first outlet valve group is opened and operated. As a result, the pressure in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A is instantly released, rapid depressurization is performed in each of these tubes 34, and the biomass fuel pulverized by steam explosion is released in each of the first outlet valve groups. It is generated by ejecting from the outlet valve 42.

Next, in step S5, the separation step of the produced micronized biomass fuel is performed in the separation unit 50. The details of the separation process will be described later. The pulverized biomass fuel that has undergone the separation step is put into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner section 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the indentation fan 11, and is burned together with the pulverized coal fuel pulverized by the mill 20. To.

Next, in step S6, in order to sequentially and sequentially generate micronized biomass in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D, in addition to the above-mentioned blasting in the first tube group 34A (in the case of n = 1), It is determined whether or not all the blasting (in the case of n = 2, n = 3, n = 4) and separation steps in the second to fourth tube groups 34B to 34D are completed.

If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that all the blasting and separation steps in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D have been completed, and a series of blasting control is terminated. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), the process returns to step S1 and steps S1 to S5 are executed again to sequentially perform the unfinished blasting in the second to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D. Do it.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the separation unit 50 is provided in the transport path 47, in other words, is connected to the outlet side of each tube 34. The separation unit 50 is configured by combining, for example, a centrifuge, a mesh, a suction pipe, etc. (not shown), and extracts and separates only water vapor, which is steam derived from water, from the micronized biomass generated by the blasting control. It has a separation function. If the generated micronized biomass contains vapors other than those derived from water or condensed water, these are not extracted.

Further, the separation unit 50 classifies and separates a solid residue having a poor combustion efficiency, for example, a particle size of 2.0 mm or more and a particle size of about 5.0 mm, from the micronized biomass generated by the blasting control. It also has a function. Other than the solid residue, that is, micronized biomass having a particle size of less than 2.0 mm, for example, is charged into the furnace 2a as fuel.

One end of each of the first circulation path 52 and the second circulation path 54 is connected to the separation unit 50. The first circulation path 52 is a pipe, and the other end thereof is branched and connected to each tube 34 protruding from the upper wall 32b of the shell 32, and is connected to each tube 34 in the vicinity of each tube 34 of the branched first circulation path 52. Each of the open / close valves 56 is interposed. The drive unit of the separation unit 50 and each on-off valve 56 is electrically connected to the control unit 48.

Then, the control unit 48 activates the separation unit 50 and opens each opening / closing valve 56 in the separation step of step S5 in the blasting control. As a result, at least a part (for example, about 50%) of the water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 from the produced micronized biomass is returned to the inlet side of each tube 34 via the first circulation path 52. If it is outside the shell 32 and on the inlet side of each tube 34, water vapor may be returned to a place other than the portion shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the second circulation passage 54 is a pipe extending above the feeder 38. For example, a screw conveyor 60 is arranged in the second circulation passage 54, and the screw conveyor 60 conveys the solid residue separated by the separation unit 50 toward the feeder 38. The drive unit of the screw conveyor 60 is electrically connected to the control unit 48. The means for transporting the solid residue may be other than the screw conveyor 60.

Then, the control unit 48 starts the separation unit 50 and the screw conveyor 60 in the separation step of step S5 in the blasting control. As a result, at least a part (preferably about 90% to 100%) of the solid residue separated from the produced micronized biomass by the separation unit 50 is on the inlet side of each tube 34 via the second circulation path 54. Returned to feeder 38. If it is outside the shell 32 and on the inlet side of each tube 34, the solid residue may be returned to a place other than the feeder 38.

The separation step of step S5 is performed each time after the micronized biomass is sequentially produced stepwise in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D. Further, a heat insulating unit 62 is provided in the first circulation passage 52. The heat insulating unit 62 is, for example, a heat insulating duct, a heat insulating cover that covers the first circulation passage 52, or the like, and retains the water vapor guided to the first circulation passage 52.

When the micronized biomass was sequentially generated stepwise in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D, if there was a waiting time until the next blasting treatment, it was separated by the separation unit 50 by keeping it warm in the heat insulating unit 62. Condensation of water vapor is suppressed. If the standby time is short enough that the condensation of water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 does not pose a problem, the heat insulation unit 62 may not be provided.

As described above, the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 of the present embodiment seals and heats the wet biomass B in the tube 34, steam-blasts the biomass B with the moisture contained in the biomass B, and has a high calorific value with less moisture. It is possible to produce micronized biomass of. Therefore, pretreatment such as drying of biomass B and its equipment are not required, and biomass B can be micronized with significantly less energy than conventional steam blasting. In addition, the energy consumption and equipment cost of the steaming and explosive device 30 and thus the boiler device 1 can be significantly reduced as a whole, and the operating cost of the steaming and explosive device 30 and thus the boiler device 1 can be reduced.

Further, in the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 of the present embodiment, the separation unit 50 that separates the solid residue and the steam from the generated micronized biomass, and at least a part of the steam separated by the separation unit 50 are on the inlet side of each tube 34. It is provided with a first circulation path 52 for returning to. As a result, the biomass can be efficiently pulverized with a small amount of energy to produce pulverized biomass as a fuel in a high yield.

Specifically, since only the steam derived from the water generated after the blasting treatment can be used for the next blasting treatment, the steam discharged to the outside of the steaming blasting apparatus 30 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the energy loss due to the waste of heat and prevent the deterioration of the power generation efficiency of the thermal power plant or the like in which the boiler device 1 is provided.

Further, since the steam other than that derived from water and the condensed water are not re-steamed, the energy loss associated therewith can be reduced. Furthermore, the concern about deterioration of the pulverized biomass due to steaming with steam other than that derived from water and condensed water is eliminated, and high-quality pulverized biomass with good combustion efficiency can be produced.

The water vapor separated from the generated micronized biomass is originally based on the water content contained in the wet biomass B, which is a raw material. Therefore, even if the separation step is performed by the separation unit 50, the steam based on the water content of the biomass B is still used for the steaming and blasting of the biomass B.

Further, the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 is provided with a second circulation path 54 for returning at least a part of the solid residue separated from the generated micronized biomass by the separation unit 50 to the inlet side of each tube 34. The solid residue separated by the separation unit 50 has a particle size of, for example, 2.0 mm or more and about 5.0 mm.

Such a solid residue occupies about 10% of the micronized biomass produced by the blasting treatment, and deteriorates the yield of the micronized biomass when the particle size of less than 2.0 mm is used as a reference. Further, if the solid residue is directly put into the furnace 2a, the combustion efficiency in the coal-fired boiler 2 deteriorates. However, by separating the solid residue from the generated micronized biomass and blasting it again in the next blasting control, the solid residue can be regenerated into the pulverized biomass having a particle size of less than 2.0 mm. It turned out that the problem could be solved.

Specifically, it is necessary to co-fire 25% of wood chips in a 150 MW class coal-fired boiler 2 at a ratio based on energy (calorific value), and supply finely powdered wood of about 21.2 ton / hour, that is, finely divided biomass. The experiment was conducted on the assumption that In this case, in the conventional steaming and blasting apparatus which does not perform the separation step, that is, does not recycle by the separation unit 50, the required supply amount of biomass B (wet wood chips) as a raw material is about 47.2 ton / hour. ..

In this case, the required supply amount of steam (432 ° C., 6 MPa) supplied from the high-pressure turbine 22 to the shell 32 is about 37 ton / hour (corresponding to an energy loss of 9 MW), which was obtained in a conventional steaming and exploding device. The yield of pulverized biomass was about 70%. On the other hand, in the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 of the present embodiment, when about 50% of the steam separated by the separation unit 50 via the first circulation path 52 is returned to the inlet side of each tube 34, the shell is sent from the high pressure turbine 22. The required supply amount of water vapor (432 ° C., 6 MPa) supplied to 32 was about 17 ton / hour (corresponding to an energy loss of 4 MW).

As described above, the circulation type steaming and exploding device 30 having the separation unit 50 can significantly reduce the steam released to the outside of the device. Further, by charging the solid residue into the feeder 38 and reusing it as a raw material, the biomass B charged into the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 can be reduced, so that the yield of the micronized biomass obtained in the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 can be reduced. Rised to about 78%. Therefore, the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 of the present embodiment has the separation unit 50 and the first and second circulation passages 52 and 54, so that the biomass can be efficiently finely pulverized with less energy to obtain high quality fuel. Micronized biomass can be produced in high yield.

Further, by providing the heat insulating unit 62 in the first circulation passage 52, when the micronized biomass is sequentially generated in stages, if there is a waiting time until the next blasting process, the heat insulating unit 62 keeps warm. Condensation of water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 is suppressed. Therefore, since the properties of the steam to be recycled can be maintained, the energy loss due to the waste of heat can be further reduced.

Further, in particular, the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 of the present embodiment executes the above-mentioned blasting control, and sequentially produces micronized biomass in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D. As a result, the amount of pulverized biomass produced in the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 can be easily adjusted, and the pulverized biomass can be produced stepwise in a predetermined amount by the steaming and blasting apparatus 30 and burned by the coal-fired boiler 2. It is possible.

Therefore, the degree of freedom in operation of the steaming and blasting device 30 and thus the boiler device 1 can be increased, and the energy consumption and operating cost of the steaming and crushing device 30 and thus the boiler device 1 can be further reduced. In the stepwise production of such micronized biomass, the steam generated by the coal-fired boiler 2 is continuously circulated in the shell 32, and the steam is effectively used as a heating source for biomass B capable of continuously supplying the steam. It will be realized for the first time by doing so.

Further, in the present embodiment, the number of tubes 34, and by extension, the number of inlet valves 40 and outlet valves 42 corresponding to the tubes 34 can be appropriately changed. Further, the number of tube groups, the number of inlet valves and outlet valves corresponding to the tube groups, the number of outlet valves, and the number of tubes 34, inlet valves 40, and outlet valves 42 constituting these groups can be appropriately changed. That is, in the blasting control executed by the control unit 48, the biomass B is gradually supplied from the feeder 38 to at least one or more of the plurality of tubes 34 by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42, and micronized. Biomass is sequentially produced in predetermined amounts in stages.

<Second Embodiment>
The steaming blasting device 130 of the second embodiment is the first except for the number and position of the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42, the shape of the shell 32, the blasting control executed by the control unit 48, and the connection point of the first circulation path 52. It has the same configuration as the steaming and explosive device 30 of the first embodiment. Therefore, these differences will be mainly described below, and the same configurations as those in the first embodiment may be designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings and the specification, and the description thereof may be omitted.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the steaming and blasting apparatus 130 according to the second embodiment. In the steaming and explosive apparatus 130 of the present embodiment, the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are not provided for each tube 34, one inlet valve 40 is interposed in the branch pipe 44, and one in the merging pipe 46. The outlet valve 42 of the above is interposed. Further, in the shell 32, an upper inclined pipe portion 34a and a lower inclined pipe portion 34b of each tube 34 are arranged, and the branch pipe 44 and the merging pipe 46 are airtight in the shell 32 from the upper and lower walls 32b and 32c of the shell 32. They are positioned so as to project vertically while maintaining their sexuality.

The biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 is filled with a high filling rate up to the middle position of the branch pipe 44, and is blocked by the closed-operated inlet valve 40. Further, the steaming and explosive device 130 includes a separation unit 50, first and second circulation passages 52 and 54, an on-off valve 56, a screw conveyor 60, and a heat insulating unit 62, as in the case of the first embodiment.

The first circulation path 52 of the present embodiment is connected to a branch pipe 44 protruding from the upper wall 32b of the shell 32. Further, only one on-off valve 56 is provided in the first circulation path 52. If it is outside the shell 32 and on the inlet side of each tube 34, the first circulation path 52 may be connected to a portion other than the location shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the blasting control of the present embodiment executed by the control unit 48 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, when the control unit 48 starts the blasting control, in step S11, the inlet valve 40 is opened and the outlet valve 42 is closed. As a result, the biomass B blocked by the inlet valve 40 is collectively supplied and filled in each of the 24 tubes 34.

Next, in step S12, the inlet valve 40 is closed and the biomass B filled in each tube 34 is sealed in each of these tubes 34. Then, the biomass B in each tube 34 is indirectly heated by the steam circulated in the shell 32 via each tube 34.

The water contained in the biomass B held in the sealed state in each tube 34 gradually evaporates, the inside of each tube 34 is filled with steam and the pressure is increased, and the steam based on the water contained in the biomass B is used for steaming and blasting the biomass B. It will be used. In this way, the biomass B is indirectly heated in a closed state through the tube 34 by the steam flowing in the shell 32, and the biomass B is steamed in the tube 34 by the water content of the biomass B.

Next, in step S13, it is determined whether or not the holding time t after the transition from step S12 has elapsed. If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that steaming capable of suitable steaming and crushing has been sufficiently performed in each tube 34, and the process proceeds to step S14. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that the steaming that can be steamed and exploded is not sufficiently performed in each tube 34, and the patient stays in step S13 and stands by.

Next, in step S14, the outlet valve 42 is opened and operated. As a result, the pressure in each tube 34 is instantly released, rapid depressurization is performed in each of these tubes 34, and biomass fuel atomized by steaming and blasting is ejected from the outlet valve 42 to generate blasting control. finish.

Next, in step S15, the separation step by the separation unit 50 is performed as in the case of the first embodiment. In the separation step, the control unit 48 activates the separation unit 50 and opens the on-off valve 56. As a result, at least a part (for example, about 50%) of the water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 from the produced micronized biomass is returned to the inlet side of the tube 34 via the first circulation path 52.

Further, the control unit 48 starts the separation unit 50 and the screw conveyor 60. As a result, at least a part (preferably about 90% to 100%) of the solid residue separated from the produced micronized biomass by the separation unit 50 is on the inlet side of each tube 34 via the second circulation path 54. Returned to feeder 38.

When the steaming and blasting apparatus 130 sequentially produces micronized biomass, if there is a waiting time until the next blasting process, the heat insulation unit 62 keeps the heat, so that the condensation of the steam separated by the separation unit 50 is suppressed. In the separation unit 50 and the separation step of the present embodiment, the configuration as an exception to the above-mentioned contents is allowed as in the case of the first embodiment. Then, the pulverized biomass fuel that has undergone the separation step is put into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner section 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the indentation fan 11, and is pulverized by the mill 20 together with the pulverized coal fuel. Will be burned.

As described above, in the steaming / explosive apparatus 130 of the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, the wet biomass B is sealed and heated in the tube 34, and the biomass B is heated by the moisture contained in the biomass B. It can be steam-blasted to produce high-calorie micronized biomass with low moisture content. Therefore, the biomass B can be atomized with significantly less energy than the conventional steam blasting, and the energy consumption and equipment cost of the steaming blasting device 130 and the boiler device 1 can be significantly reduced as a whole, and the steaming blasting device can be used. 130 As a result, the operating cost of the boiler device 1 can be reduced.

Further, since the steaming and explosive apparatus 130 of the present embodiment includes the separation unit 50 and the first and second circulation passages 52 and 54 as in the case of the first embodiment, the biomass can be efficiently micronized with less energy. It can be crushed to produce high quality micronized biomass as fuel in high yield. Further, by providing the heat insulating unit 62 in the first circulation passage 52, the condensation of the water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 is suppressed, and the energy loss due to the waste of heat can be further reduced.

Further, in particular, in the steaming / explosive apparatus 130 of the present embodiment, only one inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are required, so that the number of inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 is significantly larger than that of the first embodiment. It can be reduced and the control system for blast control is also simplified. Therefore, since the steaming and blasting device 130 can greatly simplify the overall configuration, the energy consumption and the equipment cost in the steaming and blasting device 130 and the boiler device 1 can be further reduced, and the operating costs thereof can be further reduced. Can be done.

Further, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned blasting control is executed, and the biomass B is collectively supplied from the feeder 38 into the 24 tubes 34 by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 to generate micronized biomass. do. Moreover, the upper inclined pipe portion 34a and the lower inclined pipe portion 34b of each tube 34 can also be filled with biomass B for steaming and blasting. As a result, it is possible to generate a large amount of micronized biomass at one time while utilizing the steam generated by the coal-fired boiler 2, and the blasting capacity of the steaming crusher 130 can be significantly increased.

<Third Embodiment>
The steaming and blasting system according to the third embodiment is provided in the boiler device 1 and includes a plurality of steaming and blasting devices 30 or 130. Hereinafter, a case where a plurality of steaming and blasting devices 130 of the second embodiment will be provided will be described as a representative, and the same configurations as those of the second embodiment may be omitted by adding the same reference numerals in the drawings and the specification. ..

FIG. 7 shows a steaming and blasting system 200 in which the devices 130A and 130B forming a part of the plurality of steaming and blasting devices 130 are illustrated. The first circulation path 52 of the device 130A is connected to the branch pipe 44 of the adjacent device 130B. On the other hand, the second circulation path 54 of the devices 130A and 130B extends above the feeders 38 of the devices 130A and 130B, respectively. In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 described later, the control unit 48 is not shown.

The water vapor separated by the separation unit 50 of the device 130A is returned to the inlet side of each tube 34 of the different device 130B, and the water vapor derived from the water generated after the blasting process of the device 130A can be used for the blasting process of the device 130B. .. Therefore, since the steam released to the outside of the steaming and blasting system 200 can be reduced, the energy loss due to the waste of heat can be reduced.

Further, by sequentially and stepwise producing the micronized biomass in the devices 130A and 130B, the waiting time between the blasting treatments of the device 130A and the device 130A can be shortened as much as possible. As a result, even if the heat insulating unit 62 is not provided, the properties of the steam to be recycled can be maintained, so that the energy loss due to the waste of heat can be reduced while reducing the equipment cost.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, in the steaming and blasting system 200, the separation unit 50 may be shared by a plurality of steaming and blasting devices 130. For example, when the steaming and blasting system 200 is composed of the devices 130A and 130B, only one separation unit 50 is provided, and the first circulation path 52 branches and connects to the branch pipes 44 of the devices 130A and 130B. Will be done.

Further, the second circulation path 54 is branched and extended toward the upper side of each feeder 38 of the devices 130A and 130B. An on-off valve 58 is interposed in the vicinity of each feeder 38 of the branched second circulation path 54. The drive unit of the on-off valve 58 is electrically connected to the control unit 48. The control unit 48 activates the separation unit 50 and the screw conveyor 60 and opens any of the on-off valves 58 in the separation step of step S5 in the blasting control.

As a result, a part of the solid residue separated from the produced micronized biomass by the separation unit 50 is returned to the selected feeder 38 via the second circulation path 54. In the case of such an embodiment of FIG. 8, since the number of the separation units 50 of the steaming and blasting system 200 can be reduced, a compact steaming and blasting system 200 can be realized while reducing the equipment cost.

Although the description of each embodiment of the present invention is completed above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the steaming and explosive devices 30 and 130 may not be provided with the second circulation path 54 as long as the separation unit 50 and the first circulation path 52 are provided. This is because the amount of solid residue may be small depending on the properties of the biomass B and the blasting capacity of the steaming and blasting devices 30 and 130.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the steaming blasting device 30 (may be the steaming blasting device 130) may include a receiving tank 64 for receiving the micronized biomass generated in the tube 34. In this case, the micronized biomass that has passed through the separation unit 50 in the steaming / explosive apparatus 30 can be temporarily stored in the receiving tank 64 instead of being directly put into the furnace 2a and burned. This makes it possible to further increase the degree of freedom in operation of the steaming explosion crushing device 30 and the boiler device 1.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, a case where micronized biomass is produced by the water content of biomass B by steaming and blasting with the steaming and blasting devices 30 and 130 provided in the boiler device 1 has been described. In this case, a part of the reheated steam (steam that returns to the reheater 2c after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22) among the high-temperature steam generated in the coal-fired boiler 2 is used as a heating source for the tube 34. is doing.

This makes it possible to micronize the biomass B with less energy without requiring new power consumption. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and steam after being used for the work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25 may be used as the heating source, or steam generated in the coal-fired boiler 2 may be directly used. , Steam may be reheated and used by the exhaust gas generated by the coal-fired boiler 2.

Further, in devices and equipment other than the boiler device 1, a micronized biomass production device in the form of the steaming and explosive devices 30 and 130 is provided, and the tube 34 is heated by using a heating source other than steam to micronized biomass. May be generated.
Further, the biomass that can be micronized in the present invention may be a moist biomass containing water, and may be an unused biomass including vegetation-based biomass as well as a wood-based biomass, or a waste-based biomass. good.

30, 130 Steaming and blasting device 32 Shell 34 Tube 40 Inlet valve 42 Outlet valve 48 Control unit 50 Separation unit 52 First circulation path 54 Second circulation path 62 Heat insulation unit 200 Steaming and blasting system

Claims (5)

The shell to which steam is supplied and
A tube placed in the shell and
A feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube and supplying biomass into the tube,
An inlet valve interposed on the inlet side of the tube and
An outlet valve interposed on the outlet side of the tube and
The inlet valve is opened, the outlet valve is closed, the biomass is supplied from the feeder via the inlet valve into the tube, the inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the biomass is sealed in the tube. The biomass in the tube is heated by the steam in the shell, and after the holding time elapses, the inlet valve is closed, the outlet valve is opened, and the biomass in the tube is steam-exploded with the water contained therein. A control unit that produces micronized biomass, and
A separation unit connected to the outlet side of the tube and separating the solid residue and water vapor from the micronized biomass generated in the tube.
It is provided with a first circulation path for returning at least a part of the water vapor separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube.
The first circulation path is a steaming and explosive device having a heat insulating unit that suppresses condensation of water vapor separated by the separation unit . The steaming and blasting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second circulation path for returning at least a part of the solid residue separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube. The shell to which steam is supplied and
A tube placed in the shell and
A feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube and supplying biomass into the tube,
An inlet valve interposed on the inlet side of the tube and
An outlet valve interposed on the outlet side of the tube and
The inlet valve is opened, the outlet valve is closed, the biomass is supplied from the feeder via the inlet valve into the tube, the inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the biomass is sealed in the tube. The biomass in the tube is heated by the steam in the shell, and after the holding time elapses, the inlet valve is closed, the outlet valve is opened, and the biomass in the tube is steam-exploded with the water contained therein. A control unit that produces micronized biomass, and
A separation unit connected to the outlet side of the tube and separating the solid residue and water vapor from the micronized biomass generated in the tube.
With the first circulation path that returns at least a part of the water vapor separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube.
It is a steaming and blasting system equipped with multiple steaming and blasting devices.
The first circulation path is a steaming / blasting system that returns the steam separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube of the different steaming / blasting device. The steaming and blasting system according to claim 3, further comprising a second circulation path for returning at least a part of the solid residue separated by the separation unit to the inlet side of the tube. The steaming and blasting system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the separation unit is shared by the plurality of steaming and blasting devices.

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