JP2017211164A - Steam granulation device and boiler equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steam granulation device capable of forming pulverized biomass as fuel in high yield by efficiently pulverizing biomass with a small amount of energy, and boiler equipment that achieves the reduction in boiler operation cost and equipment cost, and improvement in combustion efficiency.SOLUTION: A steam granulation device comprises: a shell 32 to which steam is fed; a tube 34 disposed in the shell; a feeder 38 for supplying biomass B into the tube; an inlet valve 40 interposed in the tube; an outlet valve 42 interposed in the tube; and a control unit 48 that supplies biomass into the tube from the feeder via the inlet valve, causes the inlet valve and the outlet valve to be closed to seal the biomass within the tube, heats the biomass in the tube by the steam in the shell, causes the inlet valve to be closed and the outlet valve to be opened after an elapse of a hold time, and steam-granulates the biomass in the tube with its moisture content so as to form the pulverized biomass.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a steaming explosion apparatus and a boiler apparatus.

Patent Document 1 discloses a biomass pulverization apparatus and a biomass / coal mixed combustion system in which woody biomass is pulverized by a plurality of mills in stages to be pulverized and supplied as fuel to a pulverized coal-fired boiler.
Patent Document 2 discloses that organic waste is contained in a container, the waste is heated (steamed) with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the pressure in the container is instantaneously released, and adiabatic expansion of water is performed. A steam explosion (steaming explosion) type waste treatment apparatus that crushes (explodes) a solid component with energy is disclosed.

  Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a steam explosion apparatus in which a reaction vessel and a sample receptacle are blocked by a valve. In this steam blasting apparatus, dried natural wood (sample) is put into a reaction vessel together with water, and the sample is cooked with the inside of the reaction vessel at a high temperature and high pressure. And by opening the valve and opening the inside of the reaction vessel to atmospheric pressure instantaneously, the sample decomposed by the high-temperature and high-pressure water reaction and the explosion effect is collected in the sample receiver, and the sample is washed with water etc. A thread-like natural fiber can be obtained.

JP 2012-83017 A JP 2010-37536 A JP 2003-306825 A

  As in the device and system described in Patent Document 1, biomass, which is a solid material, is pulverized by a mechanical pulverizer (mill) such as a hammer mill, a roller mill, or a cutter mill, and supplied as fuel to a pulverized coal-fired boiler, for example. There are things to do. For this purpose, the biomass must be pulverized until the average particle size is about 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.

  However, in general, when a large amount of biomass is pulverized by a mill, the minimum size is only about 2.0 mm, and in order to further pulverize the biomass, it is pulverized stepwise by a plurality of mills as in Patent Document 1, etc. Therefore, there is a problem that energy consumption such as electric power for operating the mill increases.

  In particular, when the biomass as a raw material is a so-called wet biomass containing a large amount of moisture (for example, 50 wt%), conventionally, dried biomass that has been dried until the moisture content of the biomass reaches about 10 wt% or less is pulverized to produce biomass fuel. doing. In this case, since pretreatment equipment for drying biomass is required, energy consumption such as electric power for operating the dryer increases, and pretreatment equipment called a dryer is required.

Therefore, as in the waste treatment apparatus described in Patent Document 2, in order to reduce the energy consumption required for pulverizing biomass, water vapor generated in large quantities in the boiler is effectively used, and the biomass is pulverized by steam explosion. It is possible.
However, in this steam explosion, since steam is steamed by mixing with biomass, a large amount of condensed water is generated after the steam explosion. Since this condensed water contains impurities, it cannot be reused as water for steam generation in the boiler, and must be discharged out of the system through a discharge facility after neutralization or separation. . Therefore, the apparatus of Patent Document 2 requires a separate post-treatment facility after steam explosion, and there is a problem that the facility cost and the energy consumption for operating the facility increase.

  Moreover, the steaming explosion apparatus of patent document 3 requires the pre-processing equipment for drying a sample, and the post-processing equipment for wash | cleaning the sample after steaming explosion and obtaining a natural fiber. Moreover, since natural wood and water are introduced into the container for steaming and explosion, a large amount of condensed water is generated after steaming and explosion. Since this condensed water is drained, post-processing equipment for draining is required, and the condensed water is at a high temperature, so that energy loss is generated due to this waste of heat. In addition, in the container, the supplied water must be heated together with the sample until it becomes steam in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, so that the heating energy becomes enormous and there is a risk that the energy efficiency related to the operation of the steam blasting apparatus will be significantly deteriorated. .

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, The place made into the objective is to produce | generate finely pulverized biomass as a fuel with a high yield by efficiently pulverizing biomass with little energy. The present invention is to provide a steaming and blasting device that can be used, and a boiler device that can reduce boiler operating costs, equipment costs, and combustion efficiency by using micronized biomass generated by the steaming and blasting device. .

  In order to achieve the above object, a steam explosion apparatus according to the present invention includes a shell to which water vapor is supplied, a tube disposed in the shell, a feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube and supplying biomass into the tube, The inlet valve installed on the inlet side of the tube, the outlet valve installed on the outlet side of the tube, the inlet valve is opened, the outlet valve is closed, and biomass is supplied from the feeder to the tube through the inlet valve. The inlet and outlet valves are closed, the biomass is sealed in the tube, the biomass in the tube is heated with water vapor in the shell, and after the holding time has elapsed, the inlet valve is closed and the outlet valve is opened. The biomass is steam-exploded with its water content to produce micronized biomass and connected to the outlet side of the tube. And a receiving unit for receiving the pulverized biomass.

  Moreover, the boiler apparatus of this invention is provided with the steaming explosion apparatus mentioned above, the boiler which burns pulverized biomass, and produces | generates water vapor | steam, and the steam turbine rotated with the water vapor | steam generate | occur | produced in a boiler.

  According to the steam explosion apparatus and boiler apparatus of the present invention, biomass can be efficiently pulverized with less energy to produce finely divided biomass as a fuel in a high yield, and this finely divided biomass is used. As a result, it is possible to reduce the operating cost and improve the combustion efficiency of the boiler.

It is a lineblock diagram showing the boiler device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the steaming explosion apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which looked at the shell of FIG. 2 from the arrow direction of an AA cross section. It is the flowchart explaining the explosion control performed by the control unit of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the steaming explosion apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the flowchart explaining the explosion control performed by the control unit of FIG. It is the flowchart explaining the explosion control performed by the control unit of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler apparatus 1 of this embodiment is equipped with the coal fired boiler 2, and is installed in a thermal power plant etc. The coal fired boiler 2 is, for example, a pulverized coal boiler (PC boiler), and includes a furnace 2a, a superheater 2b as a rear heat transfer unit, a reheater 2c, and a charcoal saving unit 2d. Yes. In the exhaust gas treatment flue 3 from the charcoal saving part 2d to the chimney P, a denitration part 4, an air heater 5, a dust collector 6, an induction fan 7, a heat exchanger 8, a desulfurization part 9, and a push-in fan 10 are sequentially arranged. Has been.

  The air heater 5 warms the external air introduced by the pushing fan 11 with the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the denitration unit 4, and sends it as combustion air to the burner unit 2 e of the coal burning boiler 2. The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas that has been guided by the induction fan 7 and passed through the dust collector 6, and the exhaust gas that has been introduced by the pushing fan 10 and passed through the desulfurization unit 9. The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchanger 8 is discharged from the chimney P.

  The coal-fired boiler 2 is supplied with pulverized coal fuel obtained by pulverizing coal C with a mechanical mill (pulverizer) 20. This pulverized coal fuel is introduced into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner portion 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the pushing fan 11 and burned.

  Steam generated by the combustion of pulverized coal fuel in the coal-fired boiler 2 of the boiler device 1 is sent from the superheater 2b to the high-pressure turbine (steam turbine) 22 through the pipe 21 to rotate the high-pressure turbine 22. The steam provided for work of the high-pressure turbine 22 is returned to the reheater 2c through the pipe (flow path) 23 and heated again. The reheated steam is sent to a medium / low pressure turbine (steam turbine) 25 through a pipe 24, supplied to work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25, and then passed through a pipe 26 and a condenser 27. Returned to coal-fired boiler 2.

  Moreover, the boiler apparatus 1 is provided with the steaming explosion apparatus 30 which pulverizes biomass B by steam explosion and manufactures the micronized biomass as biomass fuel. Biomass B is a solid fuel made of woody biomass, for example.

<First Embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 2, the steam explosion apparatus 30 includes a shell 32 to which steam is supplied and a heat exchange unit 36 having a shell and tube structure having a plurality of tubes 34 disposed in the shell 32, and a heat exchange unit 36. And a feeder 38 that is connected to the inlet side of each tube 34 and that can supply biomass B into each tube 34.

  The feeder 38 includes a hopper 38 a into which the biomass B is charged, and a conveyance path 38 b that conveys the biomass B that has flowed down from the hopper 38 a by its own weight toward the inlet of each tube 34. Moreover, the conveyance path 47 connected to the furnace (receiving unit) 2a is provided in the lower part of the steaming explosion apparatus 30.

  The shell 32 is a sealed container formed of a cylindrical body portion 32a, and an upper wall 32b and a lower wall 32c that seal the top and bottom of the body portion 32a. The body portion 32a is formed with a water vapor inlet portion 32d and an outlet portion 32e. For example, the inlet portion 32d is positioned near the upper wall 32b of the trunk portion 32a, and the outlet portion 32e is positioned near the lower wall 32c of the trunk portion 32a. A branch pipe (supply path) 28 that branches from the pipe 23 is connected to the inlet portion 32d.

  A part of the steam (reheated steam) of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. that is returned to the reheater 2c of the coal fired boiler 2 after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22 is supplied to the shell 32 from the inlet 32d through the branch pipe 28. Is done. A junction pipe (return path) 29 that joins the pipe 23 is connected to the outlet 32e downstream of the branch point of the branch pipe 28 in the pipe 23. Water vapor that flows through the shell 32 and is used for heating the biomass B supplied into each tube 34 and then into a specific tube 34 to be described later is returned to the pipe 23 via the junction pipe 29 and reused in the coal-fired boiler 2. Is done. That is, steam generated in the coal-fired boiler 2 is circulated in the shell 32.

  Each tube 34 is disposed in the shell 32, and each tube 34 is extended from the upper and lower walls 32 b and 32 c of the shell 32 so as to protrude vertically while maintaining the airtightness in the shell 32. Each tube 34 is provided with a plurality of inlet and outlet valves 40, 42 for each tube 34.

  Specifically, the inlet valve 40 is interposed on each tube 34 protruding from the upper wall 32 b of the shell 32 on the upper side of the shell 32. Further, the outlet valve 42 is interposed on each tube 34 protruding from the lower wall 32 c of the shell 32 on the lower side of the shell 32. The inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are, for example, gate valves (gate valves) or butterfly valves, and solids such as wood chips flow smoothly and instantaneously without being caught during the opening operation, and are not clogged during the closing operation. It has a plate-like valve element that can reliably block the flow path.

  Each tube 34 has an upper inclined pipe portion 34 a that is inclined toward the radial center of the body portion 32 a of the shell 32 above the inlet valve 40. Each tube 34 has a lower inclined pipe portion 34 b that is inclined toward the radial center of the trunk portion 32 a of the shell 32 below the outlet valve 42. A branch pipe (branch path) 44 is provided between each upper inclined pipe portion 34 a of each tube 34 and the transport path 38 b of the feeder 38. The branch pipe 44 is connected to an inlet of each tube 34 formed at the upper end of each upper inclined pipe portion 34a. That is, each tube 34 is configured to be able to communicate with the hopper 38a via the branch pipe 44, each inlet valve 40, and the conveyance path 38b.

On the other hand, a merging pipe (merging channel) 46 is provided between the lower inclined pipe portion 34b of each tube 34 and the conveying path 47 leading to the furnace 2a. The junction pipe 46 is connected to the outlet of each tube 34 formed at the lower end of the lower inclined pipe portion 34b. That is, each tube 34 is configured to be able to communicate with the furnace 2 a via each outlet valve 42, the junction pipe 46, and the transport path 47.
The inclination angle of each of the upper and lower inclined pipe portions 34a and 34b with respect to the vertical direction is the largest angle of each tube 34 located in the vicinity of the body portion 32a of the shell 32, and the diameter of the body portion 32a of the shell 32 is the largest. The angle of each tube 34 located at the center in the direction is the smallest.

  The inclination angles of the upper and lower inclined pipe portions 34a, 34b are such that the biomass B supplied to each tube 34 from the feeder 38 side and the biomass B sent from each tube 34 to the furnace 2a side flow down smoothly under its own weight. It is set to a possible angle. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 is filled into the branch pipe 44 and the upper inclined pipe portions 34a at a high filling rate, and is blocked by the inlet valves 40 that are closed. ing.

The inlet and outlet valves 40, 42 are electrically connected to the control unit 48 of the steam explosion apparatus 30. The control unit 48 opens and closes the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 to execute explosion control for controlling the steam explosion performed by the steam explosion apparatus 30.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, 24 tubes 34 are spaced apart from each other in the shell 32. In addition, 24 inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are provided corresponding to the respective tubes 34.

  The 24 tubes 34 are constituted by, for example, four first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D surrounded by broken lines, and the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D are constituted by six tubes 34, respectively. ing. The 24 inlet valves 40 include four first to fourth inlet valve groups 40A to 40D corresponding to the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D, and the first to fourth inlet valve groups 40A to 40D. 40D is comprised from the six inlet valves 40, respectively.

Similarly to the inlet valve 40, the 24 outlet valves 42 include four first to fourth outlet valve groups 42A to 42D corresponding to the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D. Each of the fourth outlet valve groups 42 </ b> A to 42 </ b> D includes six outlet valves 42.
Hereinafter, the explosion control executed by the control unit 48 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, when the control unit 48 starts explosion control, in step S1, each inlet valve of the first inlet valve group 40A is first subjected to explosion in the first tube group 34A (when n = 1 in the n-th group). 40 is opened, and each outlet valve 42 of the first outlet valve group 42A is closed. Thereby, the biomass B that has been dammed up by each inlet valve 40 of the first inlet valve group 40A is supplied into each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the biomass B in the tube 34 is set in advance. It is filled until it becomes.

  Next, in step S2, each inlet valve 40 of the first inlet valve group 40A is closed, and the biomass B filled in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A is sealed in each tube 34. Biomass B is, for example, wet biomass having a moisture content of about 30 wt% to 60 wt%.

The biomass B in each tube 34 is indirectly heated by the steam circulated in the shell 32 through each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A. That is, the steam is supplied to the shell 32 as a heating source of each tube 34 and is not supplied into each tube 34.
Since each tube 34 is at a high temperature due to the heat of the steam circulating in the shell 32, the water content of the biomass B held in a sealed state in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A gradually evaporates. Thereby, the inside of each tube 34 of the first tube group 34 </ b> A is filled with steam and the pressure is increased, and only the steam based on the moisture contained in the biomass B is used for steam explosion of the biomass B.

  The conditions for steam explosion in the tube 34 vary depending on the inner diameter, length, material, thickness, etc. of the tube 34, but the cooking temperature is, for example, about 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., and the holding time (sealing time) t is, for example, 10 minutes to 30. The steaming pressure (sealing pressure) is about 1.6 MPa to 4.0 MPa. In addition, the steaming / explosion apparatus 30 can realize the ability to generate pulverized biomass of about 1 ton / hour when the outer diameter of each tube 34 is 100 mm and the tube length is about 8 m, for example.

Further, if the holding time t is too long, decomposition proceeds from pulverization of the biomass during explosion, and conversely the combustion efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, the holding time t is set to an appropriate time within the above range.
In this way, the biomass B is indirectly heated in a sealed state through the tube 34 by the steam circulated in the shell 32, and the biomass B is cooked only in the moisture contained in the biomass B in the tube 34.

  Next, in step S3, it is determined whether or not the holding time t after shifting from step S2 has elapsed. If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that steaming that allows suitable steam explosion is performed in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the process proceeds to step S4. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that steaming capable of steam explosion is not sufficiently performed in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34A, and the process stays in step S3 and waits. .

  Next, in step S4, each outlet valve 42 of the first outlet valve group 42A is opened. Thereby, the pressure in each tube 34 of the first tube group 34 </ b> A is instantaneously released, the rapid decompression in each tube 34 is performed, and the biomass fuel pulverized by steam explosion (for example, an average particle size of 0.5 mm to 0.5 mm). About 1.0 mm) is generated by being ejected from each outlet valve 42 of the first outlet valve group 42A.

The generated pulverized biomass fuel is introduced into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner portion 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the pushing fan 11, and burned together with the pulverized coal fuel pulverized by the mill 20. .
Next, in step S5, in addition to the above-described explosion in the first tube group 34A (in the case of n = 1) in order to sequentially generate pulverized biomass in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D, It is determined whether or not all the explosions (in the case of n = 2, n = 3, n = 4) in the second to fourth tube groups 34B to 34D have been completed.

  If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that all the explosions in the first to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D have been completed, and the series of explosion control is terminated. On the other hand, if the determination result is No (false), the process returns to step S1, and steps S1 to S4 are executed again to sequentially perform explosion in the second to fourth tube groups 34A to 34D that have not been completed. Do it.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the biomass B is sealed and heated in the tube 34, and the biomass B is steam-expanded with the moisture contained in the biomass B to generate high calorie pulverized biomass with little moisture. it can. Accordingly, pretreatment such as drying of the biomass B is not required, so that pretreatment equipment such as a dryer is not required, and energy consumption required for the pretreatment can be reduced.

  Further, by not supplying steam or water into the tube 34, after the biomass B is filled in the tube 34, steam explosion can be performed with the tube 34 sealed. Therefore, since only a small amount of condensed water based on the water content of biomass B is generated by steam explosion, even if this condensed water is directly added to the furnace 2a together with the pulverized biomass, the combustion efficiency in the boiler 2 is greatly affected. do not do.

  Further, since the steam introduced into the shell 32 does not come into contact with the biomass B, this steam can be returned to the pipe 23 and reused as it is as the reheated steam of the coal fired boiler 2. This eliminates the need for post-treatment such as neutralization, separation, and wastewater treatment of condensed water generated by steam explosion, so that no post-treatment equipment is required and energy consumption required for the post-treatment can be reduced. .

  As described above, in this embodiment, the biomass B can be pulverized with much less energy than the conventional steam explosion, and the energy consumption and facility cost of the steam explosion apparatus 30 and the boiler apparatus 1 are reduced as a whole. As a result, it is possible to reduce the operation cost of the steaming and blasting device 30 and thus the boiler device 1.

  In particular, the steaming / explosion apparatus 30 of this embodiment includes a heat exchange unit 36 having a shell and tube structure, and indirectly heats the biomass B in the tube 34 by steam circulated in the shell 32. Thereby, although the biomass B in the tube 34 is indirectly heated, an efficient steaming explosion can be performed with a high heat transfer rate like a heat exchanger.

  Specifically, a wood chip having an outer diameter of 5 mm to 9 mm is prepared for both coniferous trees (for example, cedar) and deciduous trees (for example, cherry trees). Then, these wooden chips are filled in different tubes 34 by the steaming and pulverizing apparatus 30 and kept at a heating temperature of 220 ° C. for 10 minutes for steaming and blasting. As a result, it has been proved by experiments that, with any wood chip, woody pulverized biomass having an outer diameter of 1 mm or less can be produced with a yield of about 60%.

Experiments have shown that wood chips burn well when crushed to 1 mm or less, increasing fuel efficiency. Moreover, the yield here represents the ratio (weight%) which the pulverized biomass which becomes 1 mm or less occupies in all the products (steam, condensed water, woody biomass, etc.) in the tube 34 after steam explosion. Yes.
On the other hand, when similar wood chips are pulverized with a hammer mill (not shown), power is required to operate the hammer mill, and finely pulverized wood biomass of 1 mm or less can only be produced with a yield of about 40%. Has also been found.

  Thus, the steam explosion apparatus 30 of this embodiment is provided with the heat exchange part 36 of the shell & tube structure using the steam produced | generated with the existing coal burning boiler 2 as a heat source. Thereby, although it is the steaming explosion by the indirect heating of the tube 34, the heat transfer area of the heat exchange part 36 can be ensured large compared with the case where a container is only heated from the outside. Therefore, as described above, while reducing energy consumption, in a short time of about 10 minutes, the yield of about 20% higher than that of a mechanical mill is high and the fuel efficiency of the pulverized biomass having an outer diameter of 1 mm or less is high. Can be generated automatically.

  Moreover, the steaming explosion apparatus 30 of this embodiment performs the explosion control mentioned above, and produces | generates pulverized biomass in steps one by one in the 1st-4th tube group 34A-34D. It is possible to easily adjust the amount of pulverized biomass produced in the steaming / explosion device 30, and to produce the pulverized biomass in a predetermined amount step by step in the steaming / explosion device 30 and to burn it in the coal-fired boiler 2. .

  Therefore, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of operation of the steam blasting device 30 and thus the boiler device 1, and to further reduce the energy consumption and operating cost of the steam blasting device 30 and thus the boiler device 1. Note that such stepwise generation of pulverized biomass is effectively utilized as a heating source of biomass B that can continuously circulate steam generated in the coal-fired boiler 2 in the shell 32 and continuously supply the steam. This is the first time it is realized.

  In the present embodiment, the number of tubes 34, and hence the number of inlet valves 40 and outlet valves 42 corresponding to the tubes 34, can be changed as appropriate. Further, the number of tube groups, the number of inlet valve groups and outlet valve groups corresponding to the tube groups, and the number of tubes 34, inlet valves 40, and outlet valves 42 constituting these groups can be changed as appropriate. That is, in the explosion control executed by the control unit 48, the biomass B is supplied stepwise from the feeder 38 to at least one of the plurality of tubes 34 by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42, and pulverized. Biomass is sequentially generated in predetermined steps.

Second Embodiment
The steam explosion apparatus 130 of the second embodiment is the same as the steam explosion apparatus 30 of the first embodiment except for the number and position of the inlet and outlet valves 40, 42, the shape of the shell 32, and the explosion control executed by the control unit 48. It has the same configuration. Therefore, these differences will be mainly described below, and the same configurations as those in the first embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings and description thereof may be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the inlet and outlet valves 40, 42 are not provided for each tube 34, and one inlet valve 40 is interposed in the branch pipe 44, and 1 in the junction pipe 46. A number of outlet valves 42 are interposed. Further, in the shell 32, an upper inclined pipe portion 34 a and a lower inclined pipe portion 34 b of each tube 34 are disposed, and the branch pipe 44 and the junction pipe 46 are airtight in the shell 32 from the upper and lower walls 32 b and 32 c of the shell 32. Each of them is positioned so as to protrude up and down while maintaining its properties.

Biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 is filled up to a midway position of the branch pipe 44 with a high filling rate, and is blocked by the inlet valve 40 that is closed.
Hereinafter, the explosion control of this embodiment executed by the control unit 48 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, when the control unit 48 starts the explosion control, in step S11, the inlet valve 40 is opened and the outlet valve 42 is closed. As a result, the biomass B that has been blocked by the inlet valve 40 is supplied and filled in the 24 tubes 34 at once.
Next, in step S <b> 12, the inlet valve 40 is closed and the biomass B filled in each tube 34 is sealed in each tube 34.

  The biomass B in each tube 34 is indirectly heated by the steam circulated in the shell 32 through each tube 34. The moisture contained in the biomass B held in a sealed state in each tube 34 is gradually evaporated, the inside of each tube 34 is filled with steam and the pressure is increased, and only the steam based on the moisture contained in the biomass B is steamed and crushed. Used for In this way, the biomass B is indirectly heated in a sealed state by the steam flowing in the shell 32 through the tube 34, and the biomass B is cooked only in the moisture contained in the biomass B in the tube 34.

  Next, in step S13, it is determined whether or not the holding time t after shifting from step S12 has elapsed. When a determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that steaming that allows suitable steaming and explosion in each tube 34 has been sufficiently performed, and the process proceeds to step S14. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that the steaming that can be steamed in each tube 34 is not sufficiently performed, and the process stays in step S13 and waits.

  Next, in step S14, the outlet valve 42 is opened. As a result, the pressure in each tube 34 is instantaneously released, rapid decompression in each tube 34 is performed, and biomass fuel pulverized by steaming explosion is generated from the outlet valve 42 to generate explosion control. finish.

The generated pulverized biomass fuel is introduced into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner portion 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the pushing fan 11, and burned together with the pulverized coal fuel pulverized by the mill 20. .
As described above, in the steaming and explosive device 130 of the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, the pulverized biomass is efficiently efficiently obtained at a high yield while reducing the energy consumption in the steaming and explosive device 130 and thus the boiler device 1. Can be generated.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the number of the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 may be one, so that the number of the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of the first embodiment, and the explosion is performed. The control system for the control is also simplified. Therefore, the steaming and explosive device 130 can greatly simplify the overall configuration thereof, so that the energy consumption and the equipment cost in the steaming and explosive device 130 and thus the boiler device 1 can be further reduced, and these operating costs can be further reduced. Can do.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the above-described explosion control is executed, and the biomass B is supplied from the feeder 38 into the 24 tubes 34 by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 to generate pulverized biomass. To do. In addition, the upper inclined pipe portion 34a and the lower inclined pipe portion 34b of each tube 34 can be filled with the biomass B and steamed and crushed. Thereby, while using the steam | steam produced | generated with the coal burning boiler 2, pulverized biomass can be produced | generated in large quantities at once, and the blasting capability of the steaming blasting apparatus 130 can be improved significantly.

Although the description of the embodiments of the present invention has been completed above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the steam blasting device 30 (or the steaming blasting device 130) may include a receiving tank (receiving unit) 52 that receives the pulverized biomass generated in the tube 34. In this case, since the pulverized biomass produced by the steaming / explosion device 30 is not directly put into the furnace 2a and combusted, but can be temporarily stored in the receiving tank 52, the degree of freedom of operation of the steaming / explosion device 30 is increased. Can be further enhanced.

  Moreover, said each embodiment demonstrated the case where micronized biomass was produced | generated only with the moisture content of biomass B by performing steaming explosion by the steaming explosion equipment 30 and 130 with which each boiler apparatus 1 is provided. In this case, a part of the reheated steam (steam returning to the reheater 2c after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22) out of the high-temperature steam generated in each boiler 2 is used as a heating source for the tube 34. ing.

  Thereby, biomass B can be pulverized with little energy, without requiring new power consumption. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the steam after being used for the work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25 may be used as the heating source, or the steam generated in each boiler 2 may be directly used, The exhaust gas generated in each boiler 2 may be used with steam.

Moreover, the pulverized biomass manufacturing apparatus which makes the aspect of the steaming explosion apparatus 30 and 130 is provided in apparatuses and facilities other than each boiler apparatus 1, and the tube 34 is heated using a heating source other than steam, and pulverized. Biomass may be generated.
In addition, the biomass that can be pulverized in the present invention may be any moisture-containing biomass that includes moisture, and may be an unused biomass including not only a woody system but also a vegetation system, or a waste-based biomass. good.

1 Boiler device 2 Coal-fired boiler (boiler)
2a Furnace (receiving unit)
21, 23, 24, 26 Piping (flow path)
22 High-pressure turbine (steam turbine)
25 Medium / low pressure turbine (steam turbine)
28 Branch piping (supply channel)
29 Junction piping (return path)
30, 130 Steaming explosion device 32 Shell 34 Tube 36 Heat exchange section 38 Feeder 40 Inlet valve 42 Outlet valve 44 Branch piping (branch path)
46 Junction piping (Joint passage)
48 Control unit 52 Receiving tank (receiving unit)
B Biomass

Claims (5)

A shell supplied with water vapor;
A tube disposed in the shell;
A feeder connected to the inlet side of the tube and supplying biomass into the tube;
An inlet valve interposed on the inlet side of the tube;
An outlet valve interposed on the outlet side of the tube;
Open the inlet valve, close the outlet valve, supply the biomass from the feeder through the inlet valve into the tube, close the inlet and outlet valves, seal the biomass in the tube, The biomass in the tube is heated with water vapor in the shell, and after the holding time has elapsed, the inlet valve is closed, the outlet valve is opened, and the biomass in the tube is steam-exploded with water contained therein. A control unit for producing micronized biomass;
A steaming and blasting apparatus, comprising: a receiving unit connected to an outlet side of the tube and receiving the pulverized biomass generated in the tube. A plurality of the tubes are provided,
The inlet and outlet valves are provided for each of the plurality of tubes,
The control unit supplies the biomass stepwise from the feeder to at least one of the plurality of tubes by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves, and generates the pulverized biomass. The steaming and explosive device described. A plurality of the tubes are provided,
A branch path provided between the plurality of tubes and the feeder, to which the inlets of the plurality of tubes are connected and the inlet valve is interposed;
Provided between the plurality of tubes and the receiving unit, the outlet of the plurality of tubes is connected and a combined flow path in which the outlet valve is interposed,
The steaming and explosive device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit collectively supplies the biomass from the feeder into the plurality of tubes and generates the pulverized biomass by opening and closing the inlet and outlet valves. The steaming and explosive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A boiler that burns the pulverized biomass to generate water vapor;
A boiler device comprising: a steam turbine rotated by steam generated in the boiler. A flow path through which water vapor generated in the boiler or water vapor after rotating the steam turbine flows,
A supply path that branches off from the flow path and is connected to the shell, and that supplies water vapor from the flow path to the shell;
The boiler device according to claim 4, further comprising a return path connected to the shell and joined to the flow path to return the water vapor flowing through the shell to the flow path.

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