JP7077297B2 - 厳密にn個の電極および改善された乾式電極を用いてn個の神経を刺激するためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
厳密にn個の電極および改善された乾式電極を用いてn個の神経を刺激するためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7077297B2 JP7077297B2 JP2019500578A JP2019500578A JP7077297B2 JP 7077297 B2 JP7077297 B2 JP 7077297B2 JP 2019500578 A JP2019500578 A JP 2019500578A JP 2019500578 A JP2019500578 A JP 2019500578A JP 7077297 B2 JP7077297 B2 JP 7077297B2
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- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明の一態様は、一部の実施形態によれば、個々の神経を標的にして末梢神経刺激を提供する装置およびシステムである。図1A~図1Eは、個人に提供される経皮的電気治療のカスタマイズおよび最適化を可能にする装置およびシステム10の実施形態を示す。特に、説明されている装置10は、2つ以上の神経を電気的に刺激するためのものである。例えば、2電極の実施形態は、振戦を治療するために手首または指の正中神経、橈骨神経、または尺骨神経のうちの任意の2つを刺激するために使用され得る。足や足首などの他の四肢の末梢神経、ならびに胴体および背中の末梢神経も標的とすることができる。適切にカスタマイズされた刺激を利用しながらこれらの特定の神経を標的とすることは、より効果的な治療(例えば、振戦、失禁または過活動膀胱症状、不整脈の減少または予防、血圧の正常化など)をもたらし得る。
周方向に離間して配置された電極
典型的な配置と比較して減少したバンドの幅、(2)2つの電極400’、402’が標的
神経に関して腕の同じ側に配置される典型的な配置と比較して、一対の電極を対向させて配置して各神経を対象とすることによって組織のより深部を標的とすること、を可能にする。実施形態は2つの神経を刺激するための3つの電極を参照して説明されているが、代替の実施形態は、2つの電極を利用して単一の神経を刺激することが理解され、ここで2つの電極は、電極が神経の両側から神経を刺激することを可能にするために一定の間隔を有することができる。同様に、他の実施形態は3つ以上の電極を利用することができる。例えば、尺骨神経を標的とするために追加の電極を追加することができる。一部の実施形態では、5つ以上の電極を使用して4つ以上の神経を標的にすることができる。さらに、電極の異なる組み合わせを使用して、正中神経、橈骨神経、および尺骨神経の群からの1つ以上の神経を標的にすることができる。
N個の神経を刺激するN個の電極刺激装置
刺激タイミング
装着可能バンド
乾式電極
、オーバーモールド)時にベース層1002を囲み(例えば、侵入し)、良好な接触を維持することが可能になる。これらの孔1003、1003’の任意の組み合わせを、ベース層1002にわたって使用することができる。さらに、プライマー、コロナまたはプラズマ処理などの表面処理を使用して、皮膚接触層の接着を促進するためにベース層1002の材料の表面を処理することができる。
試験装置
乾式電極用に構成された装着可能バンド
図17Aおよび図17Bは、本明細書に記載の実施形態による、患者の手首の神経に電気刺激を与えた後の劇的な振戦の減少を示す。図17Aは、姿勢保持中の振戦エネルギーを測定するためのジャイロスコープを使用して検出された振戦減少の例である。振戦の激しさは、ハンドジャイロスコープによるエネルギー出力によって測定される。2つの基線測定値を刺激なしで記録した。本明細書の実施形態によって記載されるような神経刺激装置による治療刺激手順の適用前、適用中、または適用後のいずれかの姿勢保持の異なる期間(0、10、20、または30分)についてエネルギーを測定した。結果は、刺激中および刺激後の両方で手振戦の識別可能な減少を実証している。図17Bは、神経刺激の前(左)および神経刺激の後(右)に患者にらせんを描かせることによって検出された振戦の減少の一例である。らせんパターンの歪みは、神経刺激治療後に著しく減っている。刺激は約40分間送達された。一部の実施形態では、刺激は、約40分から約120分の間、または場合により最大約8時間まで送達することができる。
図18Aは、電極が一日中使用するのに快適であるかどうかを判定するために15人の被験者に対して試験された2つの乾式電極1802を含む装着可能バンド1800の実施形態の例を示す。被験者は120分間刺激され、これは本態性振戦による手振戦を治療するための約3回の典型的な刺激セッションと同じである。さらに、被験者は、刺激なしでさらに8時間、1日当たり10時間の総装着期間、バンド1800を装着した。目標合格基準は、少なくとも80%の被験者が一日中使用するのに快適な装置であると判断することであった。
Claims (32)
- 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層は、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料と、前記ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料とを含み、前記皮膚接触層は、約0.15mmから約10mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有する、乾式電極。 - 前記乾式電極は装着可能なバンド上に配置されるよう構成される、請求項1に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層はシリコーンを含む、請求項1または2に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性充填材料はさらに銀被覆ガラスバブルを含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記銀被覆ガラスバブルの充填量は、前記皮膚接触層の約3%から約30%である、請求項4に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記乾式電極は、約50オームセンチメートルから約1,000オームセンチメートルのバルク抵抗率を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層は、約30Aから約50AのショアA硬さを有する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層は、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料と、前記ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料とを含み、前記皮膚接触層は、0.15mmから10mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有し、
単層カーボンナノチューブの充填量は、約1%から約5%である、乾式電極。 - 前記乾式電極は、約50オームセンチメートルから約1,000オームセンチメートルのバルク抵抗率を有する、請求項8に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層は、約30Aから約50AのショアA硬さを有する、請求項8または9に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性充填材料の均一性は、前記皮膚接触層を横切る抵抗率の差が約5%未満であるようなものである、請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層はシリコーンを含む、請求項8から11のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層はさらに、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料を含み、前記皮膚接触層は、約0.5mmから約10mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有し、
単層カーボンナノチューブの充填量は、約1%から約5%である、乾式電極。 - 前記皮膚接触層は、約10Aから約100Aのショア硬さを有し、
前記皮膚接触層は、約1オームセンチメートルから約2000オームセンチメートルの体積抵抗率を有し、
前記皮膚接触層の前記皮膚に面する表面を横切る複数の点で測定された抵抗またはコンダクタンスは、測定された抵抗またはコンダクタンスの平均の約50%以内の標準偏差を有し、
前記皮膚接触層はシリコーンを含む、請求項13に記載の乾式電極。 - 前記導電性裏打ち層は金属箔を含む、請求項13または14に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記金属箔は可撓性ポリマー基板上に配置される、請求項15に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性充填材料は、粉末または微粒子材料を含む、請求項13から16のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性裏打ち層は、導電性コーティングで処理された多孔質材料を含む、請求項13から17のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層は、約25Aから約55Aのショア硬さを有する、請求項13から18のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層の前記皮膚に面する表面を横切る複数の点で測定された抵抗またはコンダクタンスは、測定された抵抗またはコンダクタンスの平均の約25%以内の標準偏差を有する、請求項13から19のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層はさらに、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料を含み、前記皮膚接触層は、0.15mmから10mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有する、乾式電極。 - 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層はさらに、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料を含み、前記皮膚接触層は、0.5mmから1mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有する、乾式電極。 - 経皮的電気刺激用の乾式電極であって、
導電性裏打ち層と、
前記導電性裏打ち層上に配置された皮膚接触層であって、前記皮膚接触層は、前記導電性裏打ち層から前記皮膚に経皮的電気刺激用の電流を送達するよう構成され、前記皮膚接触層はさらに、ポリマー、プラスチック、またはゴム材料全体に実質的に均一に分散された導電性充填材料を含み、前記皮膚接触層は、0.15mmから2mmの厚さを有し、前記導電性充填材料は単層カーボンナノチューブを含む皮膚接触層とを含み、
前記皮膚接触層は、ヒドロゲルまたは液体でコーティングされていない、皮膚に面する表面を有する、乾式電極。 - 前記乾式電極は、約50オームセンチメートルから約1,000オームセンチメートルのバルク抵抗率を有する、請求項21から23のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層はシリコーンを含み、前記乾式電極は装着可能なバンド上に配置されるよう構成される、請求項21から24のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記皮膚接触層は、約30Aから約50AのショアA硬さを有する、請求項21から25のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性充填材料の均一性は、前記皮膚接触層を横切る抵抗率の差が約5%未満であるようなものである、請求項21から26のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記単層カーボンナノチューブの充填量は、約1%から約5%である、請求項21から27のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性裏打ち層は金属箔を含む、請求項21から28のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記金属箔は可撓性ポリマー基板上に配置される、請求項29に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性充填材料は、粉末または微粒子材料を含む、請求項21から30のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
- 前記導電性裏打ち層は、導電性コーティングで処理された多孔質材料を含む、請求項21から31のいずれか一項に記載の乾式電極。
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Hui-Ling Peng,Flexible dry electrode based on carbon nanotube/polymer hybrid micropillars for biopotential recording,Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,Volume 235,2015年,Pages 48-56,doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2015.09.024 |
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CN109689151A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
AU2017293799A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
IL264116B2 (en) | 2024-01-01 |
JP2022110106A (ja) | 2022-07-28 |
US20210113834A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
JP2019520176A (ja) | 2019-07-18 |
US10814130B2 (en) | 2020-10-27 |
AU2017293799B2 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
EP3481492A1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
EP3481492B1 (en) | 2024-03-13 |
IL264116A (en) | 2019-01-31 |
AU2023200185A1 (en) | 2023-02-16 |
US20190134393A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
CA3030029A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
WO2018009680A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
IL264116B1 (en) | 2023-09-01 |
EP3481492A4 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
CN109689151B (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
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