JP6984388B2 - Structures and interior materials - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to structures and interior materials.

Further weight reduction is required for structural materials used for interiors of aircraft and automobiles. By reducing the weight, fuel consumption of aircraft and automobiles can be reduced.

As such a structural material, a fiber-reinforced resin made by mixing a reinforcing fiber such as glass fiber and a resin such as polypropylene is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The fiber-reinforced resin described in Patent Document 1 is reinforced by entwining the fibers with each other.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-016541

Further, it is also considered that such a structural material plays a part of an air conditioning system by being provided with a heat generating function.
In order to impart such a heat generating function, it is necessary to incorporate a heating element.

However, the heat generated from the heating element only heats a part of the structural material, and it is difficult to uniformly heat the whole. As a result, the surface heating temperature becomes uneven, and the comfort required for the air conditioning system varies.

Further, in order to make the surface heating temperature uniform, it is conceivable to increase the size of the heating element. However, as the size of the heating element increases, the energy consumption also increases, so that the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system decreases.

An object of the present invention is to provide a structure and an interior material capable of achieving both energy saving and uniform surface heating temperature.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention of the following (1) to (7).
(1) The heat generating part and
A heat radiating part provided in contact with the heat generating part and a heat radiating part
Have,
The heat radiating part is
An insulating portion provided on the heat generating portion side and having an insulating property,
A heat conductive portion provided on the side opposite to the heat generating portion side of the insulating portion, containing the first resin and the first fiber, and having a higher thermal conductivity than the insulating portion.
Equipped with
When the heat generating portion and the heat radiating portion are projected on a virtual plane including a surface of the heat radiating portion facing the heat generating portion, the projected area of the heat generating portion is 1 to 10% of the projected area of the heat radiating portion. A structure characterized by that.

(2) The structure according to (1) above, wherein the heat generating portion is a molded body containing a second resin and a second fiber.
(3) The structure according to (2) above, wherein the second fiber is an inorganic fiber.

(4) The insulating portion is a molded product containing a third resin and a third fiber.
The structure according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the insulating property of the third fiber is larger than the insulating property of the first fiber.

(5) The structure according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the heat conductive portion is a paper machine.

(6) The structure according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction of the heat conductive portion is larger than the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction of the heat conductive portion.

(7) An interior material comprising the structure according to any one of (1) to (6) above.

According to the present invention, a structure and an interior material having a more uniform surface heating temperature can be obtained.

It is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the embodiment of the structure of this invention. It is a top view of the upper surface of the structure shown in FIG. It is a top view of the lower surface of the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows typically the embodiment of the interior material of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example (papermaking method) of the method of manufacturing the structure shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example (papermaking method) of the method of manufacturing the structure shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example (papermaking method) of the method of manufacturing the structure shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example (papermaking method) of the method of manufacturing the structure shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example (papermaking method) of the method of manufacturing the structure shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the structure and interior material of the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
<Structure>
First, an embodiment of the structure of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the structure of the present invention. 2 is a plan view of the upper surface of the structure shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the lower surface of the structure shown in FIG. 1. Further, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the lower side in FIG. 4 is referred to as "lower" and the upper side is referred to as "upper".

The structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a heat generating portion 2 and a heat radiating portion 3 provided in contact with the heat generating portion 2. Of these, the heat generating portion 2 is made of a material capable of converting electric energy into heat energy, for example, a material capable of resistance heating. As a result, heat can be generated from the heat generating portion 2 to raise the temperature of the surface of the structure 1. On the other hand, the heat radiating portion 3 is provided so as to be in contact with the heat generating portion 2, includes a molded body containing the first resin 41 and the first fiber 51, and has heat radiating property.

According to such a structure 1, since the heat radiating portion 3 includes the first fiber 51, it becomes easy to increase the thermal conductivity, and the heat radiating portion 3 having a relatively high thermal conductivity can be obtained. Further, for example, when the heat radiating portion 3 is spread in a plate shape, such a first fiber 51 is often oriented along the in-plane direction thereof, so that the thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction is particularly enhanced. Contribute. Therefore, according to the structure 1, the heat generated from the heat generating portion 2 can be quickly diffused in the in-plane direction, and the surface heating temperature can be made more uniform. As a result, for example, when the structure 1 is used as an air conditioning system, it is possible to construct a comfortable system with less temperature unevenness.

Further, since the first resin 41 is reinforced by the first fiber 51, high mechanical strength can be obtained in spite of being relatively lightweight as compared with the case where the first resin 41 is not reinforced by the fiber. Therefore, for example, even when the heat radiating unit 3 is made into a thin plate shape, a highly reliable heat radiating unit 3 can be obtained because cracks and defects are unlikely to occur.

Further, since the heat radiating portion 3 is a molded body, it is possible to form an integrated structure including the heat generating portion 2. Therefore, the mechanical strength and reliability of the structure 1 are increased, and the handleability is also improved.

Further, when the heat generating unit 2 and the heat radiating unit 3 are projected on the virtual plane F including the surface of the heat radiating unit 3 facing the heat generating unit 2, the projected area of the heat generating unit 2 is 1 to 10 of the projected area of the heat radiating unit 3. %.

By satisfying such a relationship between the heat generating unit 2 and the heat radiating unit 3, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat generating unit 2 and at the same time to make the surface heating temperature uniform. That is, even if the heat generating portion 2 is miniaturized to suppress energy consumption (energy saving), it is unlikely to cause temperature unevenness in the surface heating temperature. Therefore, the heating temperature on the surface of the heat radiating unit 3 can be made uniform.

Assuming that the projected area of the heat radiating unit 3 is S3 and the projected area of the heat generating unit 2 is S2, S2 / S3 is 1 to 10% as described above, but is preferably 2 to 8%. It is preferably 4 to 6%. When S2 / S3 is below the lower limit, the projected area S2 of the heat generating portion 2 becomes relatively too small, so that the amount of heat generated from the heat generating portion 2 is relatively insufficient, and as a result, the surface heating temperature becomes uneven in temperature. May occur. On the other hand, when S2 / S3 exceeds the upper limit value, the projected area S2 of the heat generating portion 2 becomes relatively excessive, so that the energy consumed by the heat generating portion 2 becomes excessive and the energy efficiency may decrease.

Further, the virtual plane F according to the present embodiment is a plane including the lower surface of the insulating portion 311 shown in FIG. 4 (the interface between the heat generating portion 2 and the heat radiating portion 3). Therefore, in the example of FIG. 4, the projected area of the heat radiating portion 3 (heat conductive portion 321) projected on the virtual plane F is S3, and the projected area of the heat generating portion 2 projected on the virtual plane F is S2.

Further, the heat radiating unit 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first heat radiating unit 3a provided above the heat generating unit 2 and a second heat radiating unit 3b provided below the heat generating unit 2.

Of these, the first heat radiating portion 3a is provided above the insulating portion 311 having an insulating property provided on the heat generating portion 2 side and above the insulating portion 311 (on the side opposite to the heat generating portion 2 side), and is the above-mentioned first. 1 The resin 41 and the first fiber 51 are included, and a heat conductive portion 321 having a higher thermal conductivity than the insulating portion 311 is provided.

By providing the first heat radiating portion 3a with the insulating portion 311 and the heat conductive portion 321 in this way, it is possible to further improve the uniformity of the surface heating temperature on both sides of the heat generating portion 2. For example, by locating the insulating portion 311 on the heat generating portion 2 side, the speed of heat conduction is temporarily reduced. Then, heat conduction is stagnant in the insulating portion 311, and the temperature of the entire insulating portion 311 rises relatively uniformly during that period. After that, the heat accumulated in the insulating portion 311 is transferred to the heat conductive portion 321 and dissipated. Since the temperature of the heat conductive portion 321 is quickly diffused in the in-plane direction as described above, the surface heating temperature can be further made uniform in this way. As a result, a structure 1 capable of realizing an air conditioning system with particularly little temperature unevenness can be obtained.

Further, the second heat radiating unit 3b has the same configuration as the first heat radiating unit 3a. That is, the second heat radiating portion 3b is provided on the heat generating portion 2 side, and is provided below the insulating portion 312 having an insulating property and the insulating portion 312 (on the side opposite to the heat generating portion 2 side), and the above-mentioned first resin is provided. It includes a 41 and a first fiber 51, and includes a heat conductive portion 322 having a higher thermal conductivity than the insulating portion 312.

By providing the second heat radiating portion 3b with the insulating portion 312 and the heat conductive portion 322 in this way, the uniformity of the surface heating temperature can be further improved. This is the same as the first heat dissipation unit 3a.

In order for the heat radiating unit 3 to exhibit the above-mentioned function, the thermal conductivity on the surface of the heat radiating unit 3 may be at least 20 W / mK or more. The thermal conductivity of the heat radiating unit 3 is the thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction measured by the laser flash method. Further, examples of the test piece used for the measurement include those having a length of 10 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm.

Hereinafter, each part of the structure 1 will be described in more detail.
(Heat conduction part)
The heat conductive portion 321 and the heat conductive portion 322 include a first resin 41 and a first fiber 51, respectively.

・ First resin 41
The first resin 41 imparts moldability and shape retention to the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, and functions as a binder for binding the first fibers 51 to each other. Therefore, the first resin 41 is not particularly limited as long as it has such a function. For example, phenol-based resin, epoxy-based resin, bismaleimide-based resin, unsaturated polyester-based resin, melamine-based resin, thermosetting resin such as polyurethane, polyamide-based resin (for example, nylon, etc.), thermoplastic urethane-based resin, polyolefin. Based resin (eg polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polycarbonate, polyester resin (eg polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, etc.), polyacetal, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, liquid crystal polymer, fluororesin (eg polytetrafluoroethylene, polyfluoride, etc.) Vinylidene and the like), modified polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, thermoplastic resins such as thermoplastic polyimide and the like can be mentioned. The first resin 41 may contain at least one of these, or may contain two or more of them.

The first resin 41 preferably contains a thermosetting resin. Thereby, the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be further improved.

Further, the first resin 41 preferably contains at least one of a phenol-based resin, an epoxy-based resin and a bismaleimide-based resin. Thereby, the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be particularly enhanced.

Examples of the phenol-based resin include novolak-type phenol resins such as phenol novolac resin, cresol novolak resin, bisphenol A novolak resin, and arylalkylene-type novolak resin, unmodified resolephenol resin, tung oil, flaxseed oil, and walnut oil. Examples thereof include a resol-type phenol resin such as a modified oil-modified resol phenol resin.

Among these, a resol type phenol resin or a novolak type phenol resin is preferably used from the viewpoint of cost and moldability.

The weight average molecular weight of the phenol-based resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1000 to 15000. If the weight average molecular weight of the phenol-based resin is less than the lower limit, the viscosity of the first resin 41 may become too low, making molding difficult during production. On the other hand, if the weight average molecular weight of the phenol-based resin exceeds the upper limit, the viscosity of the first resin 41 may become too high and the moldability at the time of manufacture may deteriorate.

The weight average molecular weight of the phenolic resin can be determined as the polystyrene-equivalent weight molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

Examples of the epoxy resin include bisphenol type epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type and bisphenol AD type, novolak type epoxy resins such as phenol novolac type and cresol novolak type, brominated bisphenol A type and brominated. Examples thereof include brominated epoxy resin such as phenol novolak type, biphenyl type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy resin, tris (hydroxyphenyl) methane type epoxy resin and the like.

Among these, bisphenol type epoxy resin and novolak type epoxy resin are preferably used from the viewpoint of high fluidity and moldability.

Further, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin having a relatively low molecular weight, a phenol novolac type epoxy resin, and a cresol novolac type epoxy resin are more preferably used.

Further, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, a phenol novolac type epoxy resin and a cresol novolac type epoxy resin are more preferably used, and a tris (hydroxyphenyl) methane type epoxy resin is particularly preferably used.

The bismaleimide-based resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin having maleimide groups at both ends of the molecular chain, but a resin having a benzene ring is preferable, and a resin represented by the following general formula (1) is more preferable. It is preferably used.

［式中、Ｒ^１〜Ｒ^４は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数１〜４の炭化水素基または水素原子を表す。また、Ｒ^５は、２価の有機基を表す。］

[In the formula, R ^{1 to} R ⁴ represent a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Further, R ⁵ represents a divalent organic group. ]

However, the bismaleimide-based resin may have a maleimide group other than both ends of the molecular chain.

Here, the organic group is a hydrocarbon group which may contain an atom other than a carbon atom, and examples of the atom other than the carbon atom include O, S, N and the like.

R ⁵ is not preferably has a main chain structure a methylene group and an aromatic ring and an ether bond (-O-) and are bonded in any order, at least one of the substituents and the side chain on the backbone You may. The total number of methylene groups, aromatic rings and ether bonds contained in the main chain structure is 15 or less. Examples of the above-mentioned substituent or side chain include a hydrocarbon group having 3 or less carbon atoms, a maleimide group, a phenylene group and the like.

Examples of the bismaleimide-based resin include N, N'-(4,4'-diphenylmethane) bismaleimide, bis (3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidephenyl) methane, and 2,2-bis [4-. (4-Maleimide phenoxy) Phenyl] Propane, m-phenylene bismaleimide, p-phenylene bismaleimide, 4-methyl-1,3-phenylene bismaleimide, N, N'-ethylenedimaleimide, N, N'-hexamethylene Examples include zimareimide.

Further, a curing agent is used in combination with the first resin 41 as needed.
For example, when a novolak type phenol resin is used as the first resin 41, hexamethylenetetramine is usually used as the curing agent.

Further, for example, when an epoxy resin is used as the first resin 41, the curing agent includes an aliphatic polyamine, an aromatic polyamine, an amine compound such as disiaminediamide, an alicyclic acid anhydride, and an aromatic acid anhydride. Acid anhydrides such as those used, polyphenol compounds such as novolak type phenol resins, imidazole compounds and the like are used.

Among these, the novolak type phenol resin is preferably used from the viewpoint of handleability and the environment. In particular, when a phenol novolac type epoxy resin, a cresol novolac type epoxy resin, and a tris (hydroxyphenyl) methane type epoxy resin are used as the epoxy resin, the heat resistance of the cured product can be more easily improved as the curing agent. , Novolac type phenol resin is preferably used.

Further, for example, when a bismaleimide-based resin is used as the first resin 41, an imidazole compound is used as the curing agent.
As the curing agent, one or more of the above-mentioned ones are used.

On the other hand, the first resin 41 may contain a thermoplastic resin in particular. As a result, the moldability of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be particularly improved, and the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 with higher dimensional accuracy can be obtained.

Further, the first resin 41 preferably contains a super engineering plastic among the thermoplastic resins. As a result, in addition to the effect brought about by the thermoplastic resin, the effect of high mechanical properties is added. Examples of super engineering plastics include polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, polyarylate, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, liquid crystal polymer, and fluororesin.

The melting point of the first resin 41 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 to 400 ° C, more preferably 210 to 390 ° C, and even more preferably 260 to 380 ° C. By using such a first resin 41, the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be sufficiently enhanced. As a result, when the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are applied to, for example, an interior material for transportation equipment, an interior material having excellent flame retardancy can be obtained.

If the melting point of the first resin 41 is lower than the lower limit, the dimensional accuracy of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 at high temperatures may be lowered or flame retardancy based on heat resistance may be reduced depending on the configuration of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. There is a risk that the sex will deteriorate. On the other hand, the melting point of the first resin 41 may exceed the upper limit value, but some physical properties (for example, impact resistance, etc.) may be deteriorated accordingly.

Here, the melting point of the first resin 41 is, in principle, the melting point of the crystal, and can be measured by, for example, a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-2920, manufactured by TA Instruments).

When the first resin 41 does not have a crystal melting point and has a glass transition temperature, the melting point of the first resin 41 in the present invention includes the glass transition temperature. This glass transition temperature can also be measured by the above-mentioned differential scanning calorimeter.

Further, when the first resin 41 is a thermosetting resin and neither the crystal melting point nor the glass transition temperature exists, the melting point of the first resin 41 in the present invention is also the heat resistant temperature of the cured product of the thermosetting resin. It shall include. This heat resistant temperature is the deflection temperature under load specified in the general test method for thermoplastics of JIS K 6911: 1995.

・ First fiber 51
The first fiber 51 contributes to improving the mechanical properties of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 and improving the heat conductivity.

As such a first fiber 51, for example, one obtained by cutting a fiber thread or a long fiber bundle to a predetermined length is used.

The first fiber 51 includes, for example, carbon fiber, aluminum fiber, copper fiber, stainless steel fiber, brass fiber, titanium fiber, steel fiber, metal fiber such as phosphorus bronze fiber, ceramic fiber such as alumina fiber, and poly (para). Examples include synthetic fibers such as −phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (PBO), and those containing at least one of these are used.

Among them, as the first fiber 51, a fiber made of a material having higher thermal conductivity than a resin is preferably used. Specifically, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, metal fibers and ceramic fibers are preferably used, and metal fibers or carbon fibers are more preferably used. These inorganic fibers have particularly good thermal conductivity. Therefore, although the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are lightweight, they have high heat conductivity, and the heat transferred to the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be efficiently dissipated. As a result, the time lag of heat conduction in the heat conduction portions 321 and 322 is reduced, and the surface heating temperature can be further made uniform.

The first fiber 51 may be a mixture of two or more types of fibers that are different from each other. In that case, for example, one type is a fiber composed of a material having higher thermal conductivity than a resin (for example, an inorganic fiber), and the other type is a resin fiber (an organic fiber such as a natural fiber or a synthetic fiber). It is said to be a combination. With such a combination, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 that have a high degree of compatibility between heat conductivity and mechanical properties such as toughness can be obtained.

In that case, for example, the proportion of the inorganic fiber in the first fiber 51 is preferably 3% by volume or more and 70% by volume or less, more preferably 4% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, and 5% by volume or more and 40% by volume. It is more preferably% or less. By setting such a blending ratio, heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having particularly good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties can be obtained.

Further, the first fiber 51 may be added in the state of a single fiber, or may be added in the state of a fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of single fibers.

The average length of the first fiber 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, and further preferably 4 mm or more. By setting the average length of the first fiber 51 within the above range, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be sufficiently enhanced. In particular, even when the mechanical properties of the first resin 41 are relatively low, it can be sufficiently supplemented by the first fiber 51. As a result, heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having particularly good mechanical properties can be obtained.

The upper limit of the average length of the first fiber 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, for example. As a result, when the first fiber 51 is dispersed in the dispersion medium in manufacturing the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, the dispersibility thereof becomes good. As a result, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having excellent mechanical properties are finally obtained.

The average length of the first fiber 51 is the average length of 100 or more first fibers 51 taken out by dissolving the first resin 41 of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, and then measuring the length thereof. It means the value that was set.

Further, the first fiber 51 may contain a long fiber having a length of 20 mm or more. By including such a very long first fiber 51, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are imparted with extremely high mechanical properties. Therefore, for example, even when a first resin 41 having low mechanical properties is used, it can be sufficiently supplemented by the first fiber 51. As a result, it becomes possible to select a first resin 41 that is specialized in the desired characteristics, for example, one that is slightly inferior in mechanical characteristics but has excellent flame retardancy, and has various characteristics. 321 and 322 are obtained. At the same time, high thermal conductivity is imparted to the thermal conductive portions 321 and 322. Therefore, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having better heat dissipation can be obtained.

The length of the long fibers is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more.

The upper limit of the length of the long fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 mm or less, and more preferably 150 mm or less. As a result, when the first fiber 51 is dispersed in the dispersion medium in manufacturing the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, the dispersibility thereof becomes good. As a result, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having excellent mechanical properties are finally obtained.

Such long fibers may be contained in the first fiber 51 as much as possible, but it is preferably contained in a ratio of 10% or more of the first fibers 51, and is contained in a ratio of 20 to 90%. It is more preferable that it is. As a result, the above-mentioned effects brought about by the long fibers are more reliably exhibited. That is, since the long fibers are predominantly present, the influence of the long fibers is also predominant in the mechanical properties of the first fiber 51. As a result, it is possible to realize the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having particularly high mechanical properties and heat conductivity.

The content of the long fibers was measured by measuring the length of 100 or more first fibers 51 after taking out 100 or more first fibers 51 by dissolving the first resin 41 of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, and the length was 20 mm. It is obtained as the ratio of the number of the first fibers 51 as described above.

The average diameter of the first fiber 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100 μm, and more preferably about 5 to 80 μm. By setting the average diameter of the first fiber 51 within the above range, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are improved, and the moldability when manufacturing the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is improved. be able to.

The average diameter of the first fiber 51 is the average diameter of 100 or more first fibers 51 taken out by dissolving the first resin 41 of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, and the diameters thereof are measured and averaged. It means the value that was set.

The ratio (length / diameter) of the length to the diameter of the first fiber 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 or more, and more preferably 100 or more. As a result, the first fiber 51 more reliably exerts the above-mentioned effect.

The first fiber 51 may be subjected to surface treatment such as coupling agent treatment, surfactant treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, and plasma irradiation treatment, if necessary.

Among these, examples of the coupling agent include N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltri. Amino groups such as methoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane Examples thereof include contained alkoxysilanes and their hydrolyzates, and those containing at least one of these are used.

The content of the first fiber 51 in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 300% by volume, more preferably about 5 to 150% by volume of the first resin 41. , 10 to 120% by volume is more preferable. By setting the content of the first fiber 51 within the above range, the quantitative balance between the first resin 41 and the first fiber 51 is optimized, so that the mechanical properties of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be improved. It can be especially enhanced. That is, when the content of the first fiber 51 is lower than the lower limit, the first fiber 51 is relatively insufficient. Therefore, depending on the composition of the first resin 41, the length of the first fiber 51, the constituent material, and the like. The mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may deteriorate. On the other hand, if the first fiber 51 exceeds the upper limit, the content of the first resin 41 is relatively insufficient. Therefore, depending on the composition of the first resin 41, the length of the first fiber 51, the constituent material, and the like. The mechanical properties of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may deteriorate.

The shape of the first fiber 51 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and is not limited to a linear shape as shown in the drawing, and may be any shape, for example, a spiral shape, a meandering shape, or the like.

Further, the first fiber 51 may be oriented in any direction in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, but is preferably oriented so as to be parallel to the surface. As a result, toughness can be increased in the tensile direction of the surface of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. In addition, the wear resistance and hardness of the surface of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are also increased. Thereby, for example, even when it is applied to an interior material or the like, it is possible to realize an interior material having excellent durability.

Further, it is preferable that the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 include a papermaking body as described later. That is, it is preferable that the heat radiating unit 3 includes a papermaking body. As a result, the heat radiating unit 3 is imparted with characteristics such as high thermal conductivity by the first fiber 51, and the long first fiber 51 can be added. Therefore, a heat radiating unit 3 having a high degree of compatibility between characteristics such as thermal conductivity and mechanical characteristics can be obtained.

-Pulp heat conduction portions 321 and 322 may contain pulp, if necessary. Pulp is a fiber material having a fibril structure and is different from the first fiber 51. Pulp can be obtained, for example, by mechanically or chemically fibrilizing the fibrous material.

Further, when the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are manufactured by the papermaking method, the cohesiveness of the material can be enhanced, so that the papermaking can be performed efficiently and stably.

Examples of the pulp include linter pulp, cellulose fiber such as wood pulp, natural fiber such as kenaf, jute and bamboo, para-type total aromatic polyamide fiber (aramid fiber) and its copolymer, aromatic polyester fiber, and the like. Examples thereof include polybenzazole fibers, meta-aramid fibers and their copolymers, acrylic fibers, acrylonitrile fibers, polyimide fibers, organic fibers such as polyamide fibers, and the like, and at least one of these is fibrillated. Used.

The content of pulp in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably about 1 to 8% by mass of the first resin 41. It is preferably about 1.5 to 5% by mass, and more preferably about 1.5 to 5% by mass. As a result, it is possible to realize the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 having better mechanical properties and heat conductivity.

The average diameter of the pulp is preferably smaller than the average diameter of the first fiber 51, and specifically, it is preferably about 0.01 to 2 μm.

The average length of the pulp is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 100 mm, more preferably about 0.5 to 10 mm.

The BET specific surface area is used as an index for fibrillation of pulp. BET specific surface area of the pulp is not particularly limited, and is preferably about 3~25m ² / g, and more preferably about 5 to 20 m ² / g. Thereby, while sufficiently ensuring the entanglement between the pulps or the pulp and the first fiber 51, the papermaking stability can be achieved when the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 are manufactured by the papermaking method.

-Coagulant The heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may contain a coagulant, if necessary.

Examples of the flocculant include a cationic polymer flocculant, an anionic polymer flocculant, a nonionic polymer flocculant, an amphoteric polymer flocculant, and the like, and at least one of these is used.

More specifically, for example, cationic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide, Hoffmann polyacrylamide, mannic polyacrylamide, amphoteric copolymerized polyacrylamide, cationized starch, amphoteric starch, polyethylene oxide and the like can be mentioned.

The content of the flocculant in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.01 to 1.5% by mass, preferably about 0.05 to 1% by mass of the first resin 41. It is more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, and further preferably about 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. As a result, when the heat conductive parts 321 and 322 are manufactured by, for example, a papermaking method, dehydration treatment and the like can be easily and stably performed, and finally the heat conductive parts 321 and 322 having excellent mechanical properties can be obtained. ..

-Other additives The heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may contain other additives, if necessary.

Examples of such additives include fillers, metal powders, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, mold release agents, plasticizers, curing catalysts, curing aids, pigments, lightfasteners, antistatic agents, and antibacterial agents. , Conductive agents, dispersants and the like, and at least one of these is used.

Among these, examples of the curing aid include imidazole compounds, tertiary amine compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, magnesium oxide and the like.

Further, as the filler, for example, an inorganic filler, an organic filler and the like are used. Specific constituent materials include, for example, oxides such as titanium oxide, alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide, nitrides such as boron nitride, aluminum hydroxide and silicon nitride, barium sulfate and sulfuric acid. Iron, sulfides such as copper sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide, kaolinite, talc, natural mica, minerals such as synthetic mica, carbides such as silicon carbide, etc. Can be mentioned. Further, these powders may be subjected to a surface treatment such as a coupling agent treatment.

Further, as the filler, metal powder, glass beads, milled carbon, graphite, polyvinyl butyral, wood powder and the like may be used.

Examples of the release agent include zinc stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate and the like.

Examples of the coupling agent include an epoxy silane coupling agent, a cationic silane coupling agent, an aminosilane coupling agent, and a titanate-based coupling agent.

Examples of the flame retardant include metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, antimony compounds, halogen compounds, phosphorus compounds, nitrogen compounds, and boron compounds.

-Vacancy The heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may include holes inside. As a result, the density (specific gravity) of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be reduced, and the weight can be reduced.

The holes refer to the spaces contained in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. The pores may be spaces (closed bubbles) in which one or more of them are connected to each other and are isolated from the outside of the system (surrounded by the first resin 41 or the like), and the outside of the system. It may be a space (open air bubbles) communicating with.

The porosity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90% or less, and more preferably 5% or more and 85% or less. By setting the porosity within the above range, it is possible to achieve both the weight reduction of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 and the mechanical properties and the heat conductivity in a well-balanced manner. That is, if the porosity is less than the lower limit, the weight reduction of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 may be insufficient depending on the composition of the first resin 41, the length of the first fiber 51, the constituent materials, and the like. be. On the other hand, when the porosity exceeds the upper limit, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 deteriorate depending on the composition of the first resin 41, the length of the first fiber 51, the constituent materials, and the like. There is a risk of doing so.

The pore ratio of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is obtained as a ratio of the area occupied by the pores (area ratio of the pores) in the area of the cross section of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, for example.

Although the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 have been described above, it is preferable that the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 have higher thermal conductivity than the insulating portions 311 and 312. In this case, the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is preferably higher than that of the insulating portions 311 and 312, and the difference is 10% or more of the thermal conductivity of the insulating portions 311 and 312. More preferably, it is more preferably 30% or more. As a result, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 have sufficient heat conductivity.

Further, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 according to the present embodiment are set to be one size larger than the insulating portions 311 and 312, respectively. Further, the heat conductive portion 321 is provided with a recess that opens on the lower surface thereof, and the insulating portion 311 is fitted in the recess. As a result, the outer shell of the structure 1 is covered with the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, and the temperature can be made uniform over the entire surface.

In addition, such a configuration is not particularly limited, and the insulating portion 311 and 312 and the heat generating portion 2 may be exposed.

The thickness of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.2 to 10 mm, more preferably about 0.5 to 7 mm, respectively. When the thickness of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is within the above range, the time required for heat conduction is sufficiently shortened, and as a result, the surface heating temperature can be made uniform.

The thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is preferably 20 W / mK or more, more preferably 30 to 500 W / mK, and even more preferably 40 to 300 W / mK. As a result, the time required for heat conduction can be sufficiently shortened, so that the surface heating temperature of the structure 1 can be made uniform.

If the thermal conductivity is lower than the lower limit, the time required for heat conduction may become longer depending on the thickness of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. On the other hand, if the thermal conductivity exceeds the upper limit value, the thermal conductivity is too fast, and the uniformity of the surface heating temperature may be lowered.

The thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is the thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction measured by the laser flash method. Further, examples of the test piece used for the measurement include those having a length of 10 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm.

Further, it is preferable that the thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 (heat radiating portion 3) is larger than the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction. As a result, the heat diffusion in the in-plane direction becomes faster than the heat diffusion speed in the thickness direction of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. Therefore, it becomes easy to make the heat uniform in the in-plane direction, and further make the surface heating temperature uniform.

The thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction is preferably 101% or more, more preferably 105 to 2000%, and even more preferably 110 to 1000% of the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction. When the difference in thermal diffusivity is within such a range, the balance between the thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction and the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction is optimized, so that the surface heating temperature is particularly uniform.

The thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction and the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction are measured using, for example, a thermowave analyzer manufactured by Bethel Co., Ltd.

(Insulation part)
The structure of the insulating portions 311 and 312 is not particularly limited as long as they have insulating properties, but in the present embodiment, the insulating portions 311 and 312 include a molded body containing the third resin 43 and the third fiber 53. Since each of the insulating portions 311 and 312 contains the third fiber 53, it functions as a good insulator by imparting an insulating property to the third fiber 53. Further, since the third resin 43 is reinforced with the third fiber 53, high mechanical strength can be obtained in spite of its light weight. Therefore, for example, even when the insulating portions 311 and 312 are formed into a thin plate shape, the insulating portions 311 and 312 with high reliability can be obtained because cracks and defects are unlikely to occur.

Further, the interface between the insulating portion 311 and 312 and the heat generating portion 2 and the interface between the insulating portion 311 and 312 and the heat conductive portion 321 and 322 are likely to be provided with an adhesive force due to the fibers being entangled with each other. .. As a result, peeling and the like at the interface are suppressed, and the mechanical strength is further improved.

Further, since the insulating portions 311 and 312 have an insulating property, they insulate between the heat generating portion 2 and the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 described above. As a result, even when the heat conductive parts 321 and 322 have conductivity, the heat generating part 2 and the heat conducting parts 321 and 322 are insulated from each other, and even when the heat generating part 2 generates heat by energization. It is possible to prevent the function from being impaired.

As described above, in the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, the constituent materials and the like of the first fiber 51 are appropriately selected in order to enhance the heat conductivity, but in that case, the conductivity also tends to be high. Therefore, by providing the insulating portions 311 and 312, the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be enhanced without impairing the function of the heat generating portion 2. As a result, the structure 1 capable of achieving both the good heat generation of the heat generating portion 2 and the good thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be obtained.

Therefore, the insulating portions 311 and 312 may be provided as needed, and may be omitted if, for example, the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 have good thermal conductivity while also having insulating properties.

The thickness of such insulating portions 311 and 312 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.01 to 5 mm, and more preferably about 0.05 to 3 mm. This makes it possible to prevent the insulating portions 311 and 312 from becoming too thick and making it difficult to reduce the thickness of the structure 1 while ensuring the insulating properties of the insulating portions 311 and 312.

The thickness of the insulating portions 311 and 312 refers to the length of the insulating portions 311 and 312 in the direction connecting the heat generating portion 2 and the heat conductive portions 321 and 322.

Hereinafter, the insulating portions 311 and 312 will be described, but in the following description, the differences from the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 will be mainly described, and the same matters will be omitted. The structure of the insulating portions 311 and 312 is not particularly limited as long as it has an insulating property, and may be, for example, a resin-only structure. However, in the following description, the third resin 43 and the third fiber 53 will be used. The structure including and will be particularly described.

・ Third resin 43
The third resin 43 imparts moldability and shape retention to the insulating portions 311 and 312, and functions as a binder for binding the third fibers 53 to each other. Therefore, the third resin 43 is not particularly limited as long as it has such a function, but is appropriately selected from the various resins described above as the first resin 41.

Further, the characteristics and the like of the third resin 43 are the same as the above-mentioned characteristics and the like of the first resin 41.

The third resin 43 may be the same as or different from the first resin 41. When they are the same, the affinity between the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 and the insulating portions 311 and 312 becomes high, so that the structure 1 having high interfacial adhesion and high mechanical strength can be obtained. On the other hand, if they are different, for example, the third resin 43 can be selected with the highest priority given to the insulating property, so that the insulating portions 311 and 312 having particularly good insulating property can be obtained.

・ Third fiber 53
The third fiber 53 contributes to improving the mechanical properties of the insulating portions 311 and 312.

Such a third fiber 53 is appropriately selected from the various fibers described above as the first fiber 51 from the viewpoint of having a higher insulating property than the first fiber 51. As a result, the insulating portions 311 and 312 having higher insulating properties than the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be obtained without impairing the mechanical properties.

In particular, resin fibers such as natural fibers and synthetic fibers, ceramic fibers and glass fibers, or fibers containing at least one of them are preferably used. Such fibers are useful as the third fiber 53 because they have particularly high insulating properties.

Further, the characteristics and the like of the third fiber 53 are the same as the above-mentioned characteristics and the like of the first fiber 51.

In addition, the insulating portions 311 and 312 may contain pulp, a flocculant, other additives, pores and the like.

The thermal conductivity of the insulating portions 311 and 312 is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 0.1 to 50%, and 1 to 30% of the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive portions 321 and 322. Is more preferable. If the thermal conductivity of the insulating portions 311 and 312 is within the above range, the heat generated from the heat generating portion 2 can be temporarily stagnated in the insulating portions 311 and 312. As a result, the rate of heat diffusion from the heat generating portion 2 to the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 can be appropriately reduced, and the temperature of the entire insulating portions 311 and 312 can be made uniform. As a result, the heat supply to the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 becomes uniform, and finally, the surface heating temperature of the structure 1 can be further made uniform.

If the thermal conductivity is lower than the lower limit, it may take too much time to transfer heat to the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, although it depends on the thickness of the insulating portions 311 and 312. On the other hand, when the thermal conductivity exceeds the upper limit value, the heat stagnation is suppressed in the insulating portions 311 and 312 depending on the thickness of the insulating portions 311 and 312, so that the surface heating temperature of the structure 1 cannot be made uniform. May be sufficient.

The thermal conductivity of the insulating portions 311 and 312 is the thermal conductivity in the in-plane direction measured by the laser flash method. Further, examples of the test piece used for the measurement include those having a length of 10 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm.

Further, the insulating portion 312 according to the present embodiment includes a groove 3121 provided on the upper surface thereof. A heat generating portion 2 described later is embedded in the groove 3121. As a result, the heat generating portion 2 is fixed, and the heat generating portion 2 and the insulating portions 311 and 312 are easily thermally coupled. Therefore, the heat transfer property is improved. In addition, the insulating portions 311 and 312 are provided so as to cover the heat generating portion 2. As a result, the heat generated from the heat generating portion 2 passes through the insulating portions 311 and 312, and the effect of making the surface heating temperature uniform as described above can be obtained more reliably.

It should be noted that such a groove 3121 may be provided on the insulating portion 311 side, or may be provided on both the insulating portion 311 and the insulating portion 312.

(Heating part)
The configuration of the heat generating portion 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a portion capable of generating heat, and may be, for example, a metal wire such as a nichrome wire. However, in the present embodiment, the second resin 42 and the second fiber A molded body including 52 and the like is provided. Since such a heat generating portion 2 includes the second fiber 52, the entire molded body functions as a heating element by imparting heat generation to the second fiber 52. Further, since the second resin 42 is reinforced with the second fiber 52, high mechanical strength can be obtained in spite of its light weight. Therefore, for example, even when the heat generating portion 2 is made into an elongated linear shape, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable heat generating portion 2 in which disconnection or the like is unlikely to occur.

The heat generating portion 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a linear shape and spreads two-dimensionally while reversing the extending direction. That is, the shape of the heat generating portion 2 shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called “spin turn”.

Further, both ends of the heat generating portion 2 each form a hexagonal ring. Nuts 101 and 102, which will be described later, are inserted inside the ring.

Such a heat generating portion 2 can be energized and heated, and Joule heat is generated by applying a voltage between both ends thereof.

Further, since the heat generating portion 2 includes the molded body including the second fiber 52, the electrical resistivity of the heat generating portion 2 can be easily adjusted. That is, the electrical resistivity can be adjusted by changing the content of the second fiber 52 in the heat generating portion 2, and the calorific value can be easily adjusted accordingly.

Further, the heat generating portion 2 provided with the molded body as described above can be selected by giving priority to the calorific value when selecting the constituent material of the second fiber 52. As a result, for example, even a material having a low mechanical strength can be selected as a constituent material of the second fiber 52, and a heat generating portion 2 having a large calorific value can be realized even if the volume is small.

Hereinafter, the heat generating portion 2 will be described, but in the following description, the differences from the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 will be mainly described, and the same matters will be omitted.

-Second resin 42
The second resin 42 imparts moldability and shape retention to the heat generating portion 2, and functions as a binder for binding the second fibers 52 to each other. Therefore, the second resin 42 is not particularly limited as long as it has such a function, but is appropriately selected from the various resins described above as the first resin 41.

Further, the characteristics and the like of the second resin 42 are the same as the above-mentioned characteristics and the like of the first resin 41.

The second resin 42 may be the same as or different from the third resin 43. When they are the same, the affinity between the insulating portion 311 and 312 and the heat generating portion 2 becomes high, so that the structure 1 having high interfacial adhesion and high mechanical strength can be obtained. On the other hand, if they are different, for example, the second resin 42 can be selected with the highest priority given to the insulating property, so that the heat generating portion 2 having a particularly good heat generation amount can be obtained.

・ Second fiber 52
The second fiber 52 improves the mechanical properties of the heat generating portion 2 and imparts heat generation.

The second fiber 52 is appropriately selected from the various fibers described above as the first fiber 51, but an inorganic fiber is particularly preferably used, and a metal fiber is more preferably used. Inorganic fiber (metal fiber) has heat generation and high heat resistance. Therefore, a heat generating portion 2 having a good heat generating function for a long period of time can be obtained. As a result, a highly reliable structure 1 can be obtained.

The second fiber 52 may be a mixture of two or more types of fibers that are different from each other. In that case, for example, one type is an inorganic fiber, and the other type is a resin fiber (organic fiber such as a natural fiber or a synthetic fiber). With such a combination, a heat generating portion 2 having a high degree of compatibility between heat generation and mechanical properties such as toughness can be obtained.

In that case, for example, the proportion of the inorganic fiber in the second fiber 52 is preferably 3% by volume or more and 70% by volume or less, more preferably 4% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, and 5% by volume or more and 40% by volume. It is more preferably% or less. By setting such a blending ratio, a heat generating portion 2 having particularly good heat generating properties and mechanical properties can be obtained.

Further, the second fiber 52 may be added in the state of a single fiber, or may be added in the state of a fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of single fibers.

The average length of the second fiber 52 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, and further preferably 4 mm or more. By setting the average length of the second fiber 52 within the above range, the mechanical properties and the heat generating property of the heat generating portion 2 can be sufficiently enhanced. In particular, even when the mechanical properties of the second resin 42 are relatively low, it can be sufficiently supplemented by the second fiber 52. As a result, the heat generating portion 2 having particularly good mechanical properties can be obtained. Further, since the probability that the second fibers 52 come into contact with each other is sufficiently high, the conductivity in the extending direction of the second fibers 52 becomes particularly high, and the loss of the heat generating function due to the disconnection can be suppressed.

The upper limit of the average length of the second fiber 52 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, for example. As a result, when the second fiber 52 is dispersed in the dispersion medium in manufacturing the heat generating portion 2, the dispersibility thereof becomes good. As a result, the heat generating portion 2 having excellent mechanical properties is finally obtained.

The average length of the second fiber 52 is the average value obtained by measuring the length of 100 or more second fibers 52 after taking out 100 or more second fibers 52 by dissolving the second resin 42 of the heat generating portion 2 or the like. That means.

Further, the second fiber 52 may contain a long fiber having a length of 20 mm or more. By including such a very long second fiber 52, extremely high mechanical properties are imparted to the heat generating portion 2. Therefore, for example, even when a first resin 41 having low mechanical properties is used, it can be sufficiently supplemented by the first fiber 51. As a result, it becomes possible to select a first resin 41 that is specialized in the desired characteristics, for example, one that is slightly inferior in mechanical characteristics but has excellent flame retardancy, and has various characteristics. 321 and 322 are obtained. At the same time, the heat generating portion 2 is less likely to be disconnected. Therefore, a heat generating portion 2 having better heat generating property can be obtained.

The length of the long fibers is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more.

The upper limit of the length of the long fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 mm or less, and more preferably 150 mm or less. As a result, when the second fiber 52 is dispersed in the dispersion medium in manufacturing the heat generating portion 2, the dispersibility thereof becomes good. As a result, the heat generating portion 2 having excellent mechanical properties is finally obtained.

Such long fibers may be contained in the second fiber 52 as much as possible, but it is preferably contained in a ratio of 10% or more of the second fibers 52, and is contained in a ratio of 20 to 90%. It is more preferable that it is. As a result, the above-mentioned effects brought about by the long fibers are more reliably exhibited. That is, since the long fibers are predominantly present, the influence of the long fibers is also predominant in the mechanical properties of the second fiber 52. As a result, it is possible to realize the heat generating portion 2 which has particularly high mechanical characteristics and is hard to break.

The content of the long fibers is such that the length is measured after taking out 100 or more second fibers 52 by dissolving the second resin 42 of the heat generating portion 2 or the like, and the length is 20 mm or more. It is obtained as a ratio of the number of second fibers 52.

The average diameter of the second fiber 52 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100 μm, and more preferably about 5 to 80 μm. By setting the average diameter of the second fiber 52 within the above range, it is possible to improve the mechanical properties and conductivity of the heat generating portion 2 and to improve the moldability when manufacturing the heat generating portion 2.

The average diameter of the second fiber 52 is a value obtained by measuring and averaging the diameters of 100 or more second fibers 52 after taking out 100 or more second fibers 52 by dissolving the second resin 42 of the heat generating portion 2 or the like. Say that.

The ratio (length / diameter) of the length to the diameter of the second fiber 52 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 or more, and more preferably 100 or more. As a result, the second fiber 52 more reliably exerts the above-mentioned effect.

The second fiber 52 may be subjected to surface treatment such as coupling agent treatment, surfactant treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, and plasma irradiation treatment, if necessary.

Among these, examples of the coupling agent include N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltri. Amino groups such as methoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane Examples thereof include contained alkoxysilanes and their hydrolyzates, and those containing at least one of these are used.

The content of the second fiber 52 in the heat generating portion 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 300% by volume, more preferably about 5 to 150% by volume, and 10 to 10% by volume of the second resin 42. It is more preferably about 120% by volume. By setting the content of the second fiber 52 within the above range, the quantitative balance between the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52 is optimized, so that the mechanical properties of the heat generating portion 2 are particularly enhanced. Can be done. That is, when the content of the second fiber 52 is lower than the lower limit value, the second fiber 52 is relatively insufficient. Therefore, depending on the composition of the second resin 42, the length of the second fiber 52, the constituent material, and the like. There is a risk that the mechanical properties and heat generation of the heat generating unit 2 will deteriorate. On the other hand, if the second fiber 52 exceeds the upper limit, the content of the second resin 42 is relatively insufficient. Therefore, depending on the composition of the second resin 42, the length of the second fiber 52, the constituent material, and the like. There is a risk that the mechanical properties of the heat generating unit 2 will deteriorate.

The shape of the second fiber 52 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and is not limited to a linear shape as shown in the drawing, and may be any shape, for example, a spiral shape, a meandering shape, or the like.

Further, the second fiber 52 may be oriented in any direction in the heat generating portion 2. For example, when the second fiber 52 oriented parallel to the extending direction of the heat generating portion 2 is included and the second fibers 52 are in contact with each other, the second fiber 52 is placed in the extending direction of the heat generating portion 2. The heat generation that it has is likely to become apparent. Further, it is possible to reduce the probability of occurrence of disconnection or the like of the heat generating portion 2.
In addition, the heat generating portion 2 may contain pulp, a flocculant, other additives, vacancies and the like.

Further, the structure 1 includes two nuts 101 and 102. These nuts 101 and 102 penetrate the insulating portion 312 and the heat conductive portion 322, respectively. Further, the nut 101 is in electrical contact with one end of the heat generating portion 2, and the nut 102 is in electrical contact with the other end of the heat generating portion 2. As a result, the nuts 101 and 102 are electrically connected to the heat generating portion 2 and serve as an external terminal for applying a voltage from the outside. Therefore, the heat generating portion 2 can be easily energized via the nuts 101 and 102.

The structure 1 including the heat conductive portions 321 and 322, the insulating portions 311 and 312, and the heat generating portion 2 has been described above, and the structure 1 is used for various purposes. Applications include, for example, hot carpets, heating appliances such as heaters, flooring, walling, building interiors such as ceilings, aircraft interiors (eg cabin ceiling panels, cabin interior panels, cabin floors). , Cockpit ceiling panel, cockpit interior panel, cockpit floor, baggage locker wall, storage locker wall, door lining, interior materials for dressing room, etc.), interior materials for automobiles, interior materials for ships, interior materials for railways, interior materials for spacecraft, Examples thereof include interior materials for transportation equipment such as interior materials.

(Physical characteristics of the structure)
Here, the bending strength of the structure 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 50 to 700 MPa, more preferably about 70 to 650 MPa, and even more preferably about 100 to 600 MPa. As a result, the structure 1 having sufficiently high mechanical properties can be obtained.

The bending strength of the structure 1 is measured at room temperature (25 ° C.) according to the test method specified in ISO178: 2001.

The specific strength of the structure 1 is 50 to 700 MPa · (g / cm ³ ) ^-1 . As a result, a structure that achieves both weight reduction and improved mechanical properties can be obtained. If the specific strength is lower than the lower limit, it can be said that the bending strength is small for the heavy weight. Therefore, structural materials in fields where both weight reduction and high mechanical properties are required, such as interior materials for transportation equipment. May be inappropriate. On the other hand, if the specific strength exceeds the upper limit, it can be said that the bending strength is large for its light weight, but the impact resistance is lowered depending on the balance with other physical properties, and variations due to manufacturing conditions are likely to occur. It may be difficult to increase the manufacturing yield.

Further, the specific strength of the structure 1, more preferably from 100~700MPa · ^{(g /} cm ³⁾ about ^-1, and even more preferably 150~650MPa · ^{(g /} cm ³⁾ of about ^-1.

The specific strength of the structure 1 is obtained by dividing the bending strength (unit: MPa) by the density (unit: g / cm ^3).

The specific elastic modulus of the structure 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 2 to 40 GPa · (g / cm 3) ^{-1 , and is preferably about 3 to} 37 GPa · (g / cm ³ ) ^-1. Is more preferable, and it is more preferably about 4 to 35 GPa · (g / cm ³ ) ^-1 . As a result, the structure 1 in which both weight reduction and improvement of mechanical characteristics are achieved can be obtained.

The specific elastic modulus of the structure 1 is obtained by dividing the flexural modulus (unit: GPa) by the density (unit: g / cm ^3). The flexural modulus is measured at room temperature (25 ° C.) according to the test method specified in ISO178: 2001.

Further, the density of the structure 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05~1.6g / cm ³ or so, more preferably from 0.1~1.55g / cm ³ approximately, 0 It is more preferably about 2 to 1.5 g / cm ^3. As a result, the structure 1 having both weight reduction and improvement of mechanical properties can be obtained.

The density is measured according to the test method specified as Method A in JIS K 7112: 1999.

<Interior material>
Next, an embodiment of the interior material of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the interior material of the present invention.

The interior material 100 shown in FIG. 5 is an interior material for an aircraft, and includes a structure 1 in which an opening 110 serving as a window is formed. As a result, the interior material 100 that achieves both weight reduction and high mechanical properties is realized. Further, since the interior material 100 is provided with a heat generating portion (not shown), the interior material 100 is used as a part of the air conditioning system. Since the surface heating temperature of the interior material 100 is made uniform, it is possible to provide a comfortable temperature environment to the passengers. In addition, since it does not reduce water vapor in the air or pollute the air, it is possible to construct an air conditioning system that can maintain a comfortable environment from this point of view.

<Manufacturing method of structure>
The structure 1 may be manufactured by any method, but it is preferably a molded body obtained by pressurizing and molding a papermaking body as described later. The papermaking body is a complex in which fibers are dispersed, which is obtained by making a dispersion liquid containing fibers. According to such a papermaking body, since relatively long fibers are entangled with each other, it is easy to increase the mechanical strength. Further, by appropriately selecting the constituent material of the fiber, it is possible to easily produce a molded product to which the physical characteristics derived from the fiber are imparted.

As the composite containing fibers, those other than the abstracted body (for example, an injection molded body of a composition containing a fiber filler, an extruded body, etc.) may be used, but particularly long fibers are uniformly dispersed. From the viewpoint that the complex is feasible, the abstract is preferably used.

6 to 10 are diagrams for explaining an example (papermaking method) of a method for manufacturing the structure 1 shown in FIG. 4, respectively. In addition, in FIGS. 7 to 10, for convenience of explanation, the method of manufacturing a part of the structure shown in FIG. 4 is described as an example.

The method for producing the structure 1 includes a step of preparing a second dispersion liquid 72 containing a second resin 42 and a second fiber 52, a step of making a second elementary form 82 from the second dispersion liquid 72, and a third. Includes a step of preparing a third dispersion liquid 73 containing a resin 43 and a third fiber 53, a step of making a third element form 83 from the third dispersion liquid 73, and a first resin 41 and a first fiber 51. A state in which a step of preparing the first dispersion liquid 71, a step of making a first element form 81 from the first dispersion solution 71, and a state in which the first element form 81, the second element form 82, and the third element form 83 are superposed. It has a step of obtaining the structure 1 by pressure molding while heating with. Hereinafter, each step will be described in sequence.

[1] First, as shown in FIG. 6, a second dispersion liquid 72 containing a second resin 42, a second fiber 52, and a dispersion medium 92 for dispersing them is prepared. The prepared second dispersion liquid 72 is sufficiently stirred and mixed. In addition, the above-mentioned flocculant, pulp, other additives and the like may be added to the second dispersion liquid 72, if necessary.

The shape of the second resin 42 in this step is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, particulate (powder) or fibrous such as substantially spherical particles or thin film particles. Thereby, in the papermaking described later, the second resin 42 can be made together with the second fiber 52. As a result, the second element 82 capable of entwining the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52 and producing a strong heat generating portion 2 can be obtained.

When the second resin 42 contains a thermosetting resin, it is preferable that the thermosetting resin is in a semi-curable state. The semi-curable thermosetting resin is formed into a desired shape by heating and pressurizing after producing the second element 82, and is cured. As a result, the heat generating portion 2 that makes the best use of the characteristics of the thermosetting resin can be obtained.

Further, as the dispersion medium 92, a medium that is difficult to dissolve the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52 and is difficult to volatilize in the process of dispersing the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52 is preferably used. Further, those that are easily desolvated are preferably used. From this point of view, the boiling point of the dispersion medium 92 is preferably about 50 to 200 ° C.

Examples of the dispersion medium 92 include water, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, alcohols such as ethylene glycol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-heptanone and cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and acet. Examples thereof include esters such as methyl acetate and methyl acetoacetate, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl ether, dioxane and furfural, and at least one of these is used.

Of these, water is preferably used. Water is useful as a dispersion medium 92 because it is easily available, has a low environmental load, and is highly safe.

The content of the dispersion medium 92 in the second dispersion liquid 72 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 times by mass or more and 1000 times by mass or less with respect to the total amount of solid content.

Further, when forming holes in the heat generating portion 2, microcapsules having thermal expansion may be added to the second dispersion liquid 72. The microcapsules expand when heated and become vacancies.

The thermally expandable microcapsules are particles obtained by microencapsulating a volatile liquid foaming agent with a thermoplastic shell polymer having a gas barrier property. Such microcapsules function as a foaming agent by the following mechanism. When the microcapsules are heated, the outer shell of the capsule softens, and the liquid foaming agent contained in the capsule evaporates and the pressure increases. As a result, the capsule expands and hollow spherical particles are formed. Since the hollow spherical particles remain even after pressure molding, they contribute to the formation of pores as a result.

Examples of the liquid foaming agent include low boiling point hydrocarbons such as isopentane, isobutane, and isopropane.

Examples of the thermoplastic shell polymer include polyacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chloride-methylmethacrylate copolymer, vinylidene chloride-ethylmethacrylate, acrylonitrile-methylmethacrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethylmethacrylate and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of microcapsules include commercially available products such as Expancel (manufactured by Nippon Ferrite Co., Ltd.), Microsphere F50, Microsphere F60 (manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), and Advansel EM (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.). Can be used.

The amount of the microcapsules added is preferably about 0.05 to 10% by mass, more preferably about 0.1 to 5% by mass of the second resin 42.

[2] Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7A, the second element form 82 is made from the prepared second dispersion liquid 72. As a result, a second element form 82 for manufacturing the heat generating portion 2 is obtained (see FIG. 7 (b)).

Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 7A, a container 70 provided with a filter 712 on the bottom surface is prepared.

Next, the second dispersion liquid 72 is supplied into the container 70. Then, the dispersion medium 92 in the second dispersion liquid 72 is discharged to the outside from the bottom surface of the container 70 via the filter 712. As a result, the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52, which are the dispersoids in the second dispersion liquid 72, remain on the filter 712 (papermaking). By drying this residue, the second element form 82 is obtained.

At this time, by appropriately selecting the shape of the filter 712, the second element form 82 having a desired shape can be manufactured. Here, a filter 712 formed into a shape having an elongated concave portion 712a corresponding to the shape of the heat generating portion 2 is used (see FIG. 7A). Further, if necessary, a mask (not shown) may be arranged in a portion of the filter 712 other than the recess 712a. As a result, the filter 712 at this site is closed, so that it is possible to prevent papermaking at a site that is not needed. Thereby, the shape of the second element 82 can be defined more accurately.

The second element form 82 thus obtained may or may not contain the dispersion medium 92.

Further, the second element 82 may be further cut into a desired shape. If this cutting is premised, a general-purpose filter (for example, a flat plate) may be used as the filter.

Further, after the formation of the second element form 82, the second element form 82 is arranged between the press dies, if necessary, and the second element 82 is compressed by the cavity provided between the press dies. As a result, the dispersion medium 92 remaining in the second element form 82 can be sufficiently discharged, and the second element form 82 can be dried.
If necessary, it may be further dried with a dryer or the like.

The content of the second fiber 52 in the second element 82 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20 to 300% by volume, more preferably about 30 to 150% by volume, and more preferably about 30 to 150% by volume of the second resin 42. It is more preferably about 40 to 90% by volume. By setting the content of the second fiber 52 within the above range, the quantitative balance between the second resin 42 and the second fiber 52 is optimized, so that the shape retention of the second element 82 is enhanced. At the same time, a heat generating portion 2 having high mechanical properties and high conductivity can be obtained.

[3] Next, as shown in FIG. 8A, a third dispersion liquid 73 containing the third resin 43, the third fiber 53, and the dispersion medium 93 for dispersing them is prepared. The prepared third dispersion liquid 73 is sufficiently stirred and mixed. The above-mentioned flocculant, pulp, other additives, and the like may be added to the third dispersion liquid 73, if necessary.
Further, various characteristics of the third dispersion liquid 73 and the like can be set in the same manner as in the second dispersion liquid 72.

[4] Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8A, the third element form 83 is made from the prepared third dispersion liquid 73. As a result, a third element form 83 for manufacturing the insulating portions 311 and 312 is obtained (see FIG. 8 (b)).

Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 8A, a container 70 provided with a filter 713 on the bottom surface is prepared.

Next, the third dispersion liquid 73 is supplied into the container 70. Then, the dispersion medium 93 in the third dispersion liquid 73 is discharged to the outside from the bottom surface of the container 70 via the filter 713. As a result, the third resin 43 and the third fiber 53, which are the dispersoids in the third dispersion liquid 73, remain on the filter 713 (papermaking). By drying this residue, the third element form 83 is obtained.

At this time, by appropriately selecting the shape of the filter 713, the third element form 83 having a desired shape can be manufactured. Here, as an example, a flat filter 713 corresponding to the shape of the insulating portion 311 is used (see FIG. 8A). Further, if necessary, a mask (not shown) may be placed on a portion of the filter 713 that is not to be machined. As a result, the filter 713 in this portion is closed, so that it is possible to prevent papermaking in an unnecessary portion. Thereby, the shape of the third element body 83 can be defined more accurately.

The third element form 83 thus obtained may or may not contain the dispersion medium 93.

Further, the third element form 83 may be further cut into a desired shape. If this cutting is premised, a general-purpose filter (for example, a flat plate) may be used as the filter.
After that, it is dried in the same manner as in the case of the second element 82.

[5] Next, as shown in FIG. 9A, a first dispersion liquid 71 containing the first resin 41, the first fiber 51, and the dispersion medium 91 for dispersing them is prepared. The prepared first dispersion liquid 71 is sufficiently stirred and mixed. If necessary, the above-mentioned flocculant, pulp, other additives, and the like may be added to the first dispersion liquid 71.
Further, various characteristics of the first dispersion liquid 71 and the like can be set in the same manner as in the second dispersion liquid 72.

[6] Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9A, the first elemental form 81 is made from the prepared first dispersion liquid 71. As a result, the first element 81 for manufacturing the heat conductive portions 321 and 322 is obtained (see FIG. 9B).

Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 9A, a container 70 provided with a filter 711 on the bottom surface is prepared.

Next, the first dispersion liquid 71 is supplied into the container 70. Then, the dispersion medium 91 in the first dispersion liquid 71 is discharged to the outside from the bottom surface of the container 70 via the filter 711. As a result, the first resin 41 and the first fiber 51, which are the dispersoids in the first dispersion liquid 71, remain on the filter 711 (papermaking). By drying this residue, the first element form 81 is obtained.

At this time, by appropriately selecting the shape of the filter 711, the first elemental form 81 having a desired shape can be manufactured. Here, as an example, a flat filter 711 corresponding to the shape of the heat conductive portion 321 is used (see FIG. 9A).

The first element form 81 thus obtained may or may not contain the dispersion medium 91.

Further, the first element form 81 may be further cut into a desired shape. If this cutting is premised, a general-purpose filter (for example, a flat plate) may be used as the filter.

After that, it is dried in the same manner as in the case of the second element 82. After that, the dried product may be cut into a desired shape.

[7] Next, as shown in FIG. 10, two third element forms 83 are laminated with the second element form 82 interposed therebetween. Subsequently, two first elemental bodies 81 are laminated with the laminated body sandwiched between them to obtain a laminated body 84. Nuts 101 and 102 (see FIG. 1) (not shown) are also arranged on the laminated body 84.

Next, these laminated bodies are placed between the molding dies 901 and the molding dies 902. Then, the laminated body 84 is pressure-molded by the cavity provided between the molding die 901 and the molding die 902. As a result, at least a part of the first resin 41, the second resin 42, and the third resin 43 in the laminated body 84 is melted and then solidified (cured) to obtain the structure 1.

Specifically, the laminated body 84 is pressure-molded by a cavity provided between the molding dies 901 and 902, but at this time, the laminated body 84 is heated at the same time, so that the first resin 41 and the second resin 41 are second. At least a part of the resin 42 and the third resin 43 is melted and flows between the first fiber 51, the second fiber 52 and the third fiber 53, and binds them together. After that, the first resin 41, the second resin 42, and the third resin 43 are cured to obtain the structure 1.

By performing such pressure molding, a structure 1 having an integral structure including the heat generating portion 2 and having high dimensional accuracy can be obtained. Therefore, a structure 1 suitable for an interior material or the like can be obtained.

The heating temperature in the pressure molding is appropriately set according to the composition of the first resin 41, the second resin 42, the third resin 43, etc., but as an example, it is preferably about 150 to 350 ° C., and 160 to 300. It is more preferably about ° C.

The heating time at this time is appropriately set according to the heating temperature, but is preferably about 1 to 180 minutes, more preferably about 5 to 60 minutes.

The pressing force at this time is appropriately set according to the heating temperature and the heating time, but is preferably about 0.05 to 100 MPa, more preferably about 0.1 to 90 MPa, and 0. It is more preferably about 2 to 80 MPa.

The porosity of the structure 1 can be adjusted by appropriately changing the conditions in this step. For example, when the heating temperature is lowered, the heating time is shortened, or the pressing force is reduced, the structure 1 having a relatively large porosity can be obtained. On the other hand, when the heating temperature is raised, the heating time is lengthened, or the pressing force is increased, the structure 1 having a relatively small porosity can be obtained.

Moreover, the process order of the above-mentioned manufacturing method may be changed as appropriate. For example, when the first element form 81, the second element form 82, and the third element form 83 are individually manufactured as described above, the production order thereof is not particularly limited.

The structure and interior material of the present invention have been described above based on the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, the structure and interior material of the present invention may have any element added to the above embodiment.

Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
1. 1. Manufacture of structure (Example 1)
[1] First, the following raw materials were added to water, and the mixture was stirred with a disperser for 20 minutes. As a result, a first dispersion having a solid content concentration of 0.6% by mass was obtained. The details and compounding ratio of each raw material are as shown in Table 1.

-Resol type phenol resin (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., PR-51723)
・ Carbon fiber (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, pitch-based carbon fiber, average length 6 mm, average diameter 11 μm)
-Graphite powder (manufactured by Showa Denko KK, UF-G30, average diameter 10 μm)
・ Aramid pulp (DuPont, para-aramid pulp)

[2] Next, an agglutinant (polyethylene oxide, molecular weight 1000000) previously dissolved in water was added to the obtained first dispersion at a ratio of 0.2% by mass with respect to the above-mentioned solid content. The solid content was aggregated.

[3] Next, the first dispersion was filtered through a 30-mesh metal net (screen), and the agglomerates were dehydrated and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa to remove water.

Next, the dehydrated agglomerates were dried at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a first element form for forming a heat conductive portion.

[4] Next, the following raw materials were added to water, and the mixture was stirred with a disperser for 20 minutes. As a result, a second dispersion having a solid content concentration of 0.6% by mass was obtained. The details and compounding ratio of each raw material are as shown in Table 1.

-Resol type phenol resin (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., PR-51723)
-Aramid fiber (manufactured by Teijin Limited, T32PNW, average length 3 mm, average diameter 12 μm)
-Stainless steel fiber (manufactured by Nippon Seisen Co., Ltd., SUS316L, average length 5 mm, average diameter 10 μm)
・ Aramid pulp (DuPont, para-aramid pulp)

[5] Next, an agglutinant (polyethylene oxide, molecular weight 1000000) previously dissolved in water was added to the obtained second dispersion at a ratio of 0.2% by mass with respect to the above-mentioned solid content. The solid content was aggregated.

[6] Next, the second dispersion was filtered through a 30-mesh metal net (screen), and the agglomerates were dehydrated and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa to remove water.

Next, the dehydrated agglomerates were dried at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a second element form for forming a heat-generating portion.

[7] Next, the following raw materials were added to water, and the mixture was stirred with a disperser for 20 minutes. As a result, a third dispersion having a solid content concentration of 0.6% by mass was obtained. The details and compounding ratio of each raw material are as shown in Table 1.

-Resol type phenol resin (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., PR-51723)
-Aramid fiber (manufactured by Teijin Limited, product number T32PNW, average length 3 mm, average diameter 12 μm)
・ Aramid pulp (DuPont, para-aramid pulp)

[8] Next, a flocculant (polyethylene oxide, molecular weight 1000000) previously dissolved in water was added to the obtained third dispersion at a ratio of 0.2% by mass with respect to the above-mentioned solid content. The solid content was aggregated.

[9] Next, the third dispersion was filtered through a 30-mesh metal net (screen), and the agglomerates were dehydrated and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa to remove water.

Next, the dehydrated agglomerates were dried at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a third element form for forming an insulating portion.

[10] Next, in the cavity of the molding die, a laminate formed by laminating the first element, the third element, the second element, the third element, and the first element in this order is arranged. did. At this time, a metal nut was embedded so as to be in contact with the second element.

Next, the laminate was pressure-molded while heating the molding die. At this time, the heating temperature was 180 ° C., the pressing force was 40 MPa, and the pressurizing time was 10 minutes.

As a result, a structure (see FIG. 4) including a heat generating portion, two insulating portions, and two heat conductive portions was obtained. The thickness of the heat generating portion in this structure was 0.5 mm, the thickness of the insulating portion was 1 mm, and the thickness of the heat conductive portion was 1 mm. The plan-view shape of the structure was a square having a length of 10 cm and a width of 10 cm.

(Examples 2 to 4)
A structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the configurations of the first to third elemental forms were shown in Table 1.

(Example 5)
The same as in Example 1 except that the first element form produced through the following steps [a] to [c] is used instead of the steps [1] to [3] of Example 1. Obtained the structure.

[A] First, the following raw materials were added to water, and the mixture was stirred with a disperser for 20 minutes. As a result, a dispersion having a solid content concentration of 0.6% by mass was obtained. The details and compounding ratio of each raw material are as shown in Table 1.

-Resol type phenol resin (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., PR-51723)
-Epoxy resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, YX1002)
・ Aramid pulp (DuPont, para-aramid pulp)
-Boron nitride powder (manufactured by JFE Steel Corporation, HP-40, average diameter 7 μm)
・ PBO fiber (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., ZYLON-HM, average diameter 10 μm)
・ Thickener (Smecton, manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.)

[B] Next, a flocculant (polyethylene oxide, molecular weight 1,000,000) previously dissolved in water was added to the obtained dispersion at a ratio of 0.2% by mass with respect to the above-mentioned solid content, and the solid content was added. Was aggregated.

[C] Next, this dispersion was filtered through a 30-mesh metal net (screen), and the agglomerates were dehydrated and pressed at a pressure of 3 MPa to remove water.
Next, the dehydrated agglomerates were dried at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a first element form.

(Example 6)
A structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the production of the third elemental form was omitted. The structure obtained in this embodiment includes a heat generating portion and a heat conducting portion (heat radiating portion). That is, since the heat conductive portion has an insulating property, the structure obtained in the present embodiment substantially corresponds to the structure in which the insulating portion is omitted from the structure of the seventh embodiment.

(Examples 7 to 10)
A structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the configurations of the first to third elemental forms were shown in Table 1. The thermoplastic resins shown in Table 1 are as follows.
・ PPS: Polyphenylene sulfide ・ PEI: Polyetherimide

(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
A structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the configurations of the first to third elemental forms were shown in Table 1.

2. 2. Evaluation of the structure 2.1 Evaluation of uniformity of surface heating temperature The heat-generating part of the structure of each Example and each comparative example was energized while adjusting the electric power so as to be 20 to 22 W to generate heat.

Then, infrared thermography was used to observe the temperature distribution on the surface of the structure.
Next, the temperature distribution in the central part (range of 80 mm square from the center) of the surface of the structure was measured. Then, the standard deviation of the temperature distribution was calculated and compared.

<Evaluation criteria for temperature difference>
⊚: Standard deviation is less than 5 ○: Standard deviation is 5 or more and less than 8 Δ: Standard deviation is 8 or more and less than 10 ×: Standard deviation is 10 or more The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

2.2 Evaluation of bending strength For the structures of each example and each comparative example, the bending strength was measured at 25 ° C. by a method according to ISO178: 2001.
Then, the measured bending strength was evaluated against the following evaluation criteria.

<Evaluation criteria for bending strength>
⊚: Bending strength is 200 MPa or more ◯: Bending strength is 100 MPa or more and less than 200 MPa Δ: Bending strength is 50 MPa or more and less than 100 MPa ×: Bending strength is less than 50 MPa Evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

2.3 Evaluation of heating rate The heat generating part of the structure of each example and each comparative example was energized to generate heat.

Then, infrared thermography was used to observe the temperature distribution on the surface of the structure.
Next, the time required for the maximum temperature in the central portion of the surface of the structure (range of a radius of 80 mm square from the center) to reach 45 ° C. (heating time) was measured.

<Evaluation criteria for heating rate>
⊚: The temperature rise time is less than 170 seconds ○: The temperature rise time is 170 seconds or more and less than 200 seconds Δ: The temperature rise time is 200 seconds or more and less than 230 seconds ×: The temperature rise time is 230 seconds or more The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, in the structure of each example, the heating rate was high and the temperature difference between the surface heating temperatures was kept small.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it has been clarified that a structure having both energy saving and uniform surface heating temperature can be obtained.

1 Structure 2 Heat-generating part 3 Heat-dissipating part 3a 1st heat-dissipating part 3b 2nd heat-dissipating part 41 1st resin 42 2nd resin 43 3rd resin 51 1st fiber 52 2nd fiber 53 3rd fiber 70 Container 71 1st dispersion liquid 72 2nd dispersion 73 3rd dispersion 81 1st element 82 2nd element 83 3rd element 84 Laminated 91 Dispersion medium 92 Dispersion medium 93 Dispersion medium 100 Interior material 101 Nut 102 Nut 110 Opening 311 Insulation 312 Insulation part 321 Heat conduction part 322 Heat conduction part 711 Filter 712 Filter 712a Recess 713 Filter 901 Molding mold 902 Molding mold 3121 Groove

Claims (7)

The heat generating part and
A heat radiating part provided in contact with the heat generating part and a heat radiating part
Have,
The heat radiating part is
An insulating portion provided on the heat generating portion side and having an insulating property,
A heat conductive portion provided on the side opposite to the heat generating portion side of the insulating portion, containing the first resin and the first fiber, and having a higher thermal conductivity than the insulating portion.
Equipped with
When the heat generating portion and the heat radiating portion are projected on a virtual plane including a surface of the heat radiating portion facing the heat generating portion, the projected area of the heat generating portion is 1 to 10% of the projected area of the heat radiating portion. A structure characterized by that. The structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat generating portion is a molded body containing a second resin and a second fiber. The structure according to claim 2 , wherein the second fiber is an inorganic fiber. The insulating portion is a molded product containing a third resin and a third fiber.
The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the insulating property of the third fiber is larger than the insulating property of the first fiber. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the heat conductive portion is a paper machine. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the thermal diffusivity in the in-plane direction of the heat conductive portion is larger than the thermal diffusivity in the thickness direction of the heat conductive portion. An interior material comprising the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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