JP6822290B2 - 接合方法および接合装置 - Google Patents
接合方法および接合装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6822290B2 JP6822290B2 JP2017077687A JP2017077687A JP6822290B2 JP 6822290 B2 JP6822290 B2 JP 6822290B2 JP 2017077687 A JP2017077687 A JP 2017077687A JP 2017077687 A JP2017077687 A JP 2017077687A JP 6822290 B2 JP6822290 B2 JP 6822290B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/16—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor in holes of workpieces by taps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
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- F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
- F16B25/0031—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the screw being designed to be screwed into different materials, e.g. a layered structure or through metallic and wooden parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/034—Joining superposed plates by piercing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B21J5/066—Flow drilling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
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- F16B25/106—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a self-piercing screw-point, i.e. without removing material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16B5/0208—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread using panel fasteners, i.e. permanent attachments allowing for quick assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/04—Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluids; Fittings therefor
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Description
まず、本実施形態において使用するタッピングねじについて説明する。図1に示すように、タッピングねじ10は、先端にドリルが形成されていないタッピングねじであって、頭部11と、ねじ12aが形成された軸部12とが一体形成されている。頭部11にはフランジ11aが一体形成されており、このフランジ11aの軸部12側の面(下面)が当該タッピングねじ10の座面10aとなっている。
次に、本発明を適用する接合装置の一例について図2を参照して説明する。
制御装置103は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、各部を制御するためのプログラムなどを記憶するROM(Read Only Memory)と、データを一時的に記憶するRAM(Random Access Memory)、および入出力インターフェースなどを備えている。
次に、接合工程の一例について図2〜図5を参照して説明する。この例では、図4に示すように、フランジ(鋼板)2に被接合板材(鋼板)1を重ね合わせた板組Sにタッピングねじ10を一方向(片側)から打込むことにより、それら被接合板材1とフランジ2とを接合する場合について説明する。以下の説明では、被接合板材1を上板1ともいい、フランジ2を下板2ともいう。
まず、上板1の板厚t1および材質、および下板2の板厚t2および材質に基づいて加圧力を求めておく。具体的には、本発明において対象とする接合形態が、例えば、塑性変形しやすい板材を用いる場合、もしくは、塑性変形しやすいような片側固定の状況(例えば図8に示す状態)であることから、上板1および下板2の板厚および材質を考慮する必要があるので、その上板1および下板2の総板厚(t1+t2)および材質に基づいて、下板2に上板1を重ね合わせた状態で上板1を貫通するのに必要な加圧力W1(総板厚(t1+t2)に対応した加圧力)を求めておく。さらに、下板2の板厚t2および材質に基づいて、下板2を貫通するのに必要な加圧力W2(W2<W1)を求めておく。
加圧機構102への供給エアを制御して、ドライバ121を上板1に向けて前進させて上板1の表面(上面)1aの位置を検出する。具体的には、ドライバ121の前進により、タッピングねじ10の先端が上板1の表面1aに接触すると(図4(A)参照)、反力が発生して力センサ124の出力が変化するので、その力センサ124の出力変化した時点のドライバ121の位置(距離センサ125の出力から得られるドライバ121の位置)から上板1の表面1aの位置(以下、表面位置ともいう)を検出する。そして、その上板1の表面位置を検出したときのドライバ121の位置を基準位置とする。
図4(A)の状態つまりタッピングねじ10の先端が上板1の表面1aに接触している状態から、回転機構101のモータ111の駆動制御および加圧機構102への供給エアの制御により、ドライバ121を回転させるとともに、打込み方向に前進させて、図4(B)に示すように、タッピングねじ10をその軸心を中心として回転させながらタッピングねじ10を上板1に一方向から加圧していく(図5のT1〜T2)。この加圧過程において、力センサ124の出力から得られる力(上板1への加圧力)が、予め入力された加圧力W1(総板厚(t1+t2)に対応した加圧力)になった時点(図5のT2の時点)で、加圧力を加圧力W1に保つべく加圧機構102への供給エアを制御する。このようにして、タッピングねじ10を回転させながら上板1に加圧力W1を加えることにより、上板1が予熱されるとともに、加圧力W1によってタッピングねじ10の先端が上板1内に進入していく。このタッピングねじ10の上板1への進入により穴貫通が行われる。
タッピングねじ10の先端が上板1を貫通したときに(図4(C)の状態になったときに)加圧力を低下させる。具体的には、距離センサ125の出力に基づいて、ドライバ121(タッピングねじ10の先端)が、上記ステップST101において決定した基準位置(タッピングねじ10の先端が上板1の表面1a(一面)に接触した位置)から上板1の板厚t1に相当する距離を移動したとき、つまりタッピングねじ10の先端が上板1を貫通したときに(図5のT3の時点)、加圧機構102による加圧力を、予め設定された下板2の貫通に必要な加圧力W2(タッピングねじの進行側に存在する板材の板厚に応じた加圧力)に低下(W1→W2)させる。その後、加圧力W2に保った状態で下板2の穴貫通を行う。
タッピングねじ10の先端が下板2を貫通したときに(図4(D)の状態になったときに)加圧力を低下させる。具体的には、距離センサ125の出力に基づいて、ドライバ121(タッピングねじ10の先端)が、上記ステップST101において決定した基準位置から上板1および下板2の総板厚(t1+t2)に相当する距離を移動したとき、つまりタッピングねじ10の先端が下板2を貫通したときに、加圧機構102による加圧力を低下させる(図5のT4〜T5)。その後、加圧力をタッピングに必要な加圧力W3にした状態で、図4(E)に示すように、上板1の貫通穴1bおよび下板2の貫通穴2bのタッピング(雌ねじ形成)を行う(図5のT5〜T6)。
上板1の貫通穴1bおよび下板2の貫通穴2bのタッピングを行った後、タッピングねじ10の座面10aが上板1の表面(上面)に着座したときに(図4(F))、加圧力を解除してタッピングねじ10に締付トルクをかけることにより、上板1と下板2とを締結する(図5のT6〜T7)。
以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、タッピングねじ10を回転させながら板組Sに一方向から圧力を加えた状態で進入させることにより、その板組Sの上板1および下板2に貫通穴1b,2bを形成するにあたり、タッピングねじ10の先端が上板1を貫通したときに、加圧機構102による加圧力を、下板2の板厚t2に対応する加圧力W2に低下させている(W1→W2)。このようにして加圧力を制御することにより、板材に穴貫通を行う過程においてタッピングねじに加える圧力を一定とする場合(従来技術)と比べて、下板2の塑性変形を抑制することができる。これにより、図3に示すように、タッピングねじ10の打点位置P1がフランジ根元から遠い位置である場合であっても、下板2の塑性変形を抑制することができ、図7に示すように、上板1と下板2とを適切な接合状態で接合することができる。
なお、今回開示した実施形態は、すべての点で例示であって、限定的な解釈の根拠となるものではない。したがって、本発明の技術的範囲は、上記した実施形態のみによって解釈されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲の記載に基づいて画定される。また、本発明の技術的範囲には、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれる。
1 被接合板材(上板)
1a 表面
1b 貫通穴
2 フランジ(下板)
2b 貫通穴
10 タッピングねじ
100 接合装置
101 回転機構
111 モータ
111a 回転軸
102 加圧機構
121 ドライバ
121a ソケット穴
122 回転駆動軸
124 力センサ
125 距離センサ
Claims (3)
- 複数枚の板材を重ね合わせた板組をタッピングねじによって接合する方法であって、
ドライバによって保持された前記タッピングねじを、前記ドライバをその軸心を中心として回転させる回転手段によって前記ドライバと共に回転させながら、前記ドライバに軸方向の加圧力を加える加圧手段によって前記板組に一方向から圧力を加えた状態で進入させることにより、前記板組の各板材に貫通穴を形成し、その各貫通穴に雌ねじを形成して当該複数枚の板材を接合する接合方法において、
前記タッピングねじが板材を貫通したときに、前記タッピングねじに加える圧力を、前記板材の貫通時において前記タッピングねじの先端よりも前記タッピングねじの進行側に存在する板材の全ての板厚に応じた加圧力に低下させることを特徴とする接合方法。 - 複数枚の板材を重ね合わせた板組をタッピングねじによって接合する装置であって、
前記タッピングねじを保持するドライバと、前記ドライバをその軸心を中心として回転させる回転手段と、前記ドライバに軸方向の加圧力を加える加圧手段とを備え、前記ドライバによってタッピングねじを回転させながら前記板組に一方向から圧力を加えた状態で進入させることにより前記板組の各板材に貫通穴を形成し、その各貫通穴に雌ねじを形成して当該複数枚の板材を接合するように構成された接合装置において、
前記ドライバに保持したタッピングねじの先端の位置情報を取得する位置情報取得手段と、制御手段とを備え、
前記制御手段は、
前記位置情報取得手段が取得する前記タッピングねじの先端の位置情報に基づいて、
前記タッピングねじの先端が、前記板組の板材の一面に接触した位置から、この接触した1枚の板材の板厚に相当する距離を移動したときに、前記加圧手段による加圧力を、予め設定された加圧力に低下させる制御を実行するように構成されていることを特徴とする接合装置。 - 請求項2に記載の接合装置において、
前記位置情報取得手段は、前記ドライバの前記タッピングねじ進行方向における移動距離を検出する距離センサを有し、前記距離センサの出力に基づいて前記タッピングねじの先端の位置情報を取得するように構成されていることを特徴とする接合装置。
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