JP6894016B2 - 洋上風車の浮体構造 - Google Patents
洋上風車の浮体構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6894016B2 JP6894016B2 JP2019571219A JP2019571219A JP6894016B2 JP 6894016 B2 JP6894016 B2 JP 6894016B2 JP 2019571219 A JP2019571219 A JP 2019571219A JP 2019571219 A JP2019571219 A JP 2019571219A JP 6894016 B2 JP6894016 B2 JP 6894016B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
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- B63B21/507—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
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- F03D13/35—Balancing static or dynamic imbalances
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- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
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- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
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- B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description
WO02/073032(特許文献7)は、浮体式洋上風力発電プラントに関し、それは本願の請求項1のプレアンブルのすべての特徴を開示する。
WO2016/083634(特許文献8)は、風車付きタワー及び水平軸に対して並行かつバー構造によって相互連結される2個の同一の水平円筒形浮動部材を含む風力エネルギーを利用するための浮体式プラットホームを開示する。
US2016/0061192(特許文献9)は、ナセルの上部部分及び下部部分によってナセルを支持し、フロート形状の手段と連係した3本の支持アームを含む浮体式風車構造物に関する。
WO2010/071433(特許文献10)は、係留装置で海底に係留される浮体式解放構造物上に設置される少なくとも2個の風車を含む、係留設備が予め組み込まれた離脱式洋上風力発電設備を記載する。
EP2993270(特許文献11)は、転倒モーメントに基づいた構造物の傾斜を制御するポンピング装置を備えた梁手段で共に連結され、そして浸漬制御手段の付設されたコンクリート体を含む、洋上設備のタービンタワーのための没水式積極支持構造物(submersible active support structure)を開示する。
定着部(3)と風見/旋回可能部(4)との間の相対的位置は、調心手段(20,21)によってヨー軸(2)に対する方位位置を除いたすべての自由度で保証され得る。いくつかの例では、調心手段(20,21)は、調心手段(20,21)間の方位位置を制御するための機械要素を備えてもよい。これは、調心手段(20,21)間の接触部分の任意の場所での電気接続を達成する一方法である。しかし、このシステムは複雑になるかもしれない。もう一つの例では、すべての方位位置が許容され、そして好ましくは前記ケーブルを調心手段(20,21)に直に通すことによって、同軸電気接続が達成され得る。物理的に同軸に通過しない電気接続を選択し得るが、しかしそれ自体が調心手段(20,21)と同軸である電気接続環を持つスリップリングソリューション(あるいは等価物、すなわちブラシ付き)の使用を必要とする。
・ローター/ゴンドラアセンブリ(5)の高度は、傾斜マスト(10)の構造によって達成してもよく、マストは前記構造の頂点(31)で収束し、各マスト(10)はその基部にて浮体手段(6,9)に接続される。
Claims (14)
- 海底に定着される定着部(3)及び旋回可能部(4)を備えた浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物(1)であって、前記風車構造物(1)は、ピボットブイ(6,9)を含む少なくとも3の浮体手段によって支持され、前記ピボットブイ(6)は、
前記海底(13)に定着される下部本体(7)及び前記風車構造物(1)の前記旋回可能部(4)に固定される上部本体(8)、
前記ピボットブイ(6)の前記下部本体(7)と前記上部本体(8)との間の電気接続、並びに
前記上部本体(8)を前記下部本体(7)と接続するヨー装置
を含み、
ここで前記ヨー装置は、前記上部本体及び下部本体の一方に接続される内輪(19)並びに前記上部本体及び下部本体の他方に接続される外輪(18)を含む旋回手段(17)を含み、そして
前記内輪及び外輪(18,19)は、垂直ヨー軸(2)の周りを互いに回転するように構成され、前記ヨー装置は、前記垂直ヨー軸(2)の周りを回転することによって前記風車構造物(1)の前記旋回可能部(4)を主風向にそろえることを許容するように構成される前記風車構造物(1)において、
前記ヨー装置は、さらに
前記ヨー軸(2)と同軸の内方調心手段(20)及び外方調心手段(21)、並びに、
前記内方調心手段(20)と前記旋回手段の内輪(19)との間に配置される弾性体(22)を含み、前記弾性体(22)は、前記旋回手段(17)の一側にてメカニカルインタフェースとして機能し、そして前記旋回手段(17)へ機械負荷を伝達するように構成され、前記定着部(3)と前記旋回可能部(4)との間に前記ヨー軸(2)に対して直角な軸での制限された相対的回転を許容し、そして前記旋回可能部(4)及び前記定着部(3)のアセンブリの洋上設置工程中に起こり得る不可避の衝撃から前記旋回手段(17)を保護することを特徴とする、前記浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。 - 前記ピボットブイ(6)の前記下部本体(7)と前記上部本体(8)との間の電気接続は、前記ヨー軸(2)と同軸である、請求項1に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記内方調心手段(20)は円錐であり、そして前記外方調心手段(21)は逆円錐である、請求項2に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記旋回手段(17)は軸受であり、前記軸受の内輪(19)は、円錐形の内方面を有する二つの円板(24)にしっかりと接続し、両円板(24)は、前記軸受(17)の内側水平面に対して、一方は軸受(17)の内輪(19)の上、そして他の一方は下に対称的に配置され、弾性体(22)はタイルのような形状をして、前記円板(24)の内方円錐面に沿って均等に分配され、そして前記弾性体は、前記内輪(19)を前記円板(24)と結合するボルト連結手段によって前負荷され、また、逆円錐からなる前記外方調心手段(21)を弾性体(22)の内方面間に閉じ込める、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記弾性体(22)は、プリロード天然ゴムで作られる、請求項4に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記旋回手段(17)の他側に弾性材の第二の設備を含む、請求項1に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記ヨー装置は、前記旋回可能部が風見して主風向にそろうように構成されるパッシブヨー装置である、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記定着部(3)は、浮体式の下部本体(7)及び複数の係留索(14)を備える張力係留浮体プラットホームを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 前記ピボットブイ(6)の前記下部本体(7)と前記上部本体(8)との間の前記電気接続は、電気ケーブル(30)のセクションを含み、このセクションは洋上風力発電装置が生成する電気を伝送し、そして前記ピボットブイ(6)を通過し、前記定着部(3)に対して前記旋回可能部(4)の少なくとも1回転の捻じれに前記ケーブルの捻じれ限界を超えることなく適応するのに充分な長さの軸方向自由長を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- さらに前記電気ケーブル(30)の接続/断線のための機械的手段(26)、
前記電気ケーブル(30)の一方の端部を回転してその中に蓄積された捻じれを補償することの可能な、モータ(27)によって駆動される回転手段(28,29)、及び、
前記ピボットブイ(6)の前記下部本体(7)と前記上部本体(8)との間の一定の回転角を測定しておき、前記接続/断線のための機械的手段(26)を引き抜き、前記回転手段(28,29)が前記電気ケーブル(30)の端部で、測定された前記回転を解くまで前記モータ(27)を駆動し、ここで前記回転手段は前記ケーブルに蓄積された捻じれを解放するように機能する、そして、その後前記接続/断線のための機械的手段(26)を後方に差し込む制御装置
を含む、請求項9に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。 - 前記風車構造物の前記旋回可能部(4)と前記定着部(3)との間に回転電気接続を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物の設置方法であって、
前記ピボットブイ(6)の前記下部本体(7)を定着し、ここで前記下部本体は前記内方調心手段及び前記外方調心手段の一方を携行する、
前記弾性体(22)を設置前に地上で前記上部本体(8)の下に設置する、
前記下部本体(7)の上方に前記上部本体(8)を位置させ、ここで前記上部本体は前記ヨー軸(2)と同軸の前記内方調心手段(20)及び前記外方調心手段(21)の他方を携行する、そして、
前記内方調心手段及び前記外方調心手段が互いに係合するように、前記上部本体(8)及び前記下部本体(7)を相互移動させる
ことを含む、前記浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物の設置方法。 - 前記上部本体(8)の位置決め及び前記上部本体(8)の降下は、半没水型バージ(41)を用いて行われる、請求項12に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物の設置方法。
- 前記下部本体(7)は、張力係留浮体プラットホームを備え、前記下部本体(7)の持ち上げは、前記張力係留浮体プラットホームの浮力を制御することにより行われる、請求項12又は13に記載の浮体洋上水平軸風車構造物の設置方法。
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PCT/IB2018/054499 WO2018234986A1 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-06-19 | FLOATING STRUCTURE FOR WIND TURBINES AT SEA |
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BR112021015902A2 (pt) * | 2019-02-15 | 2021-11-03 | Univ Northeastern | Turbina eólica flutuante de base larga e calado raso sem nacele |
US11560876B2 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2023-01-24 | George J. Syrovy | Stabilized horizontal-axis wind turbine |
GB2595521A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-01 | Trivane Ltd | Floating vessel with wind turbine support |
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CN111980870B (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-07-06 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | 一种抑制漂浮式双叶轮风电机组浮台横摇运动的控制方法 |
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DK202170169A1 (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-19 | Stiesdal Offshore As | Offshore wind turbine with a floating platform |
CN118339073A (zh) | 2021-11-10 | 2024-07-12 | 指数可再生能源有限公司 | 将海上浮动结构联接预铺设系泊系统的快速连接器及方法 |
WO2023173100A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Sofec, Inc. | Offshore wind turbine systems and processes for installing same |
CN115675768B (zh) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-28 | 北方工业大学 | 一种海上风电抗风浪浮式基础 |
CN116905884B (zh) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-11-21 | 国网山西省电力公司长治供电公司 | 一种装配高压配电线路的智能型耐张杆 |
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