JP6871562B2 - 炭化珪素半導体素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体素子およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6871562B2 JP6871562B2 JP2016223525A JP2016223525A JP6871562B2 JP 6871562 B2 JP6871562 B2 JP 6871562B2 JP 2016223525 A JP2016223525 A JP 2016223525A JP 2016223525 A JP2016223525 A JP 2016223525A JP 6871562 B2 JP6871562 B2 JP 6871562B2
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- silicon carbide
- epitaxial layer
- carbide epitaxial
- mesa
- layer
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 205
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 205
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 206
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L29/7395—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT
- H01L29/7396—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions
- H01L29/7397—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions and a gate structure lying on a slanted or vertical surface or formed in a groove, e.g. trench gate IGBT
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Description
図1は、実施の形態にかかる炭化珪素半導体素子の活性領域の構造を示す断面図である。図1は、炭化珪素半導体素子の正電圧印加時に電流経路となる活性領域を示す。また、図2は、実施の形態にかかる炭化珪素半導体素子の端部領域を示す断面図である。これら図1、2に示すように、実施の形態にかかる炭化珪素半導体素子は、n+型の炭化珪素基板1Aの第1主面、例えば(0001)面(Si面)に、n型の第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層1が堆積されている。
図3A〜図3Mは、実施の形態にかかる半導体装置の製造工程を示す断面図である。以下、トレンチ型MOSFETの製造工程を順に説明する。
実施例1として、実施の形態に示す作製方法において、2回のフォトリソグラフィによりメサ形状を作製した。
実施例2として、実施の形態に示す作製方法において、2回のフォトリソグラフィによりメサ形状を作製した。pベース層4の残留厚さdは約0.7μmであった。また、p++コンタクト領域8は、図3Hおよび図3Iに示すように、メサ部100のメサ下面の外側まで作製し、ターミネーション領域20をp++コンタクト領域8と接する位置から外側まで形成した。
実施例3として、実施の形態に示す作製方法において、2回のフォトリソグラフィによりメサ形状を作製した。pベース層4の残留厚さdは約0.7μmであった。また、図3Jに示すように、p++コンタクト領域8は、メサ部100のメサ上面の内側まで作製し、ターミネーション領域20をp++コンタクト領域8と接する位置から外側まで形成した。このとき、p++コンタクト領域8の注入深さは0.3μmであった。
実施の形態に示す作製方法において、メサ部100のメサ形状の作製方法を変更した。比較例1は、第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層3上に厚さ2.0μm酸化珪素膜をCVD法により堆積し、レジストを形成した後に、バッファード弗酸を用いたウエットエッチングを行い、約45°のテーパー角を持つ酸化珪素マスクを形成した。次に、SF6ガスを用いたドライエッチングを行ない、炭化珪素基板1Aとメサ側面のなす角αが約45°のメサ形状を作製した。この場合、メサ部100のメサ端部にはおよそ0.1μm程度の深さのサブトレンチが形成された。
比較例2においても、実施の形態に示す作製方法において、メサ形状の作製方法を変更した。比較例2では、第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層3上にレジストを形成した後に、ドライエッチングで約1.0μmの厚さで第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層3を除去し、再度レジストを形成し、ドライエッチングで1.0μmの厚さで第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層3と第2炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を除去した。この場合、炭化珪素基板1Aとメサ部100のメサ側面のなす角αが約15°であり、pベース層4の残留厚さdは約0.3μmであった。
比較例3では、実施例2に示す作製方法において、pベース層4の形成領域をメサ部100のメサ側面より内側とし、メサ側面と第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層1が接する部位に、pベース4を形成しなかった。また、p++コンタクト領域8は、メサ下面の外側まで作製し、ターミネーション領域20をp++コンタクト領域8と接する位置から外側までに形成した。このとき、メサ側面と第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層1の接する部分のp++コンタクト領域8の厚さを0.7μmとなるようイオン注入した。
1 n型の第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層
2 n型の第2炭化珪素エピタキシャル層
3 n型の第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層
4,5 pベース層
6 濃いn型領域(n型イオン注入層)
7 n+ソース領域
8 p++コンタクト領域
9 ゲート絶縁膜
10 ゲート電極
11 層間絶縁膜
12 ソース電極
13 ドレイン電極
14 電極パット
15 ドレイン電極パッド
Claims (6)
- 第1導電型の炭化珪素基板と、前記炭化珪素基板上に形成された第1導電型の炭化珪素エピタキシャル層と、前記炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の表面に選択的に形成された複数の第2導電型のベース層と、前記炭化珪素エピタキシャル層上に形成された第2導電型の第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層と、少なくとも第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を貫通するトレンチを有し、前記第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の一部に、前記ベース層を露出させるメサ部を有する炭化珪素半導体素子において、
前記メサ部のメサ側面から素子の外側に、前記第2導電型のベース層の端部が位置し、低濃度のイオン注入層が前記第2導電型のベース層の端部に接続して設けられ、前記メサ部の連続したメサ側面の間に、前記炭化珪素基板にほぼ並行な平坦部を有し、露出された前記ベース層の残留厚さが0.5μmより大きく1.0μmより小さいことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体素子。 - 前記平坦部は、第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の深さの中央部に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体素子。
- 第1導電型の炭化珪素基板上に第1導電型の第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を形成する工程と、
前記第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の表面に選択的に第2導電型の第1ベース層を形成する工程と、
前記第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層上に第1導電型の第2炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を形成する工程と、
前記第1炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の複数の前記第1ベース層の一部に選択的に連続する第2導電型の第2ベース層を形成する工程と、
前記第2炭化珪素エピタキシャル層上に第2導電型の第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を形成する工程と、
前記第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の周囲を除去し、前記第2ベース層を露出させるメサ形状のメサ部を形成する工程と、
少なくとも前記第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を貫通するトレンチを形成する工程とを含み、
前記メサ部のメサ側面から素子の外側に、前記第2導電型のベース層の端部が位置し、低濃度のイオン注入層が前記第2導電型のベース層の端部に接続して設けられ、前記メサ部は、フォトレジストをエッチングマスクとしたドライエッチングを複数回繰り返すことにより形成することを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体素子の製造方法。 - 第2導電型のコンタクト領域の形成と同時にイオン注入される領域を、活性領域の外側から、前記メサ部の内側の領域までとしたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の炭化珪素半導体素子の製造方法。
- 前記第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層上面から前記メサ部のメサ側面に連続した第2導電型のコンタクト領域形成のイオン注入と同時にイオン注入される領域を、活性領域上から前記第1ベース層を被覆し第2炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の表面上まで広げたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の炭化珪素半導体素子の製造方法。
- 前記第3炭化珪素エピタキシャル層上面から前記メサ部のメサ側面に連続した第2導電型のコンタクト領域形成のイオン注入と同時にイオン注入される領域の端部を、活性領域の外側から前記メサ部のメサ側面の間の平坦部で囲まれた素子領域よりも内側までとしたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の炭化珪素半導体素子の製造方法。
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