JP6841811B2 - 被覆されたコア材料をベースとするフィラメント - Google Patents
被覆されたコア材料をベースとするフィラメント Download PDFInfo
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- JP6841811B2 JP6841811B2 JP2018502015A JP2018502015A JP6841811B2 JP 6841811 B2 JP6841811 B2 JP 6841811B2 JP 2018502015 A JP2018502015 A JP 2018502015A JP 2018502015 A JP2018502015 A JP 2018502015A JP 6841811 B2 JP6841811 B2 JP 6841811B2
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Description
前記コア材料(CM)が、成分a)〜c)を含み、
a)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として30〜80体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として20〜70体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー(B)、
c)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
前記シェル材料(SM)が、成分d)〜f)を含み、
d)前記シェル材料(SM)の総重量を基準として75〜100体積%の少なくとも1種の熱可塑性ポリマー(TP)、
e)前記シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)前記シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0〜25体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
前記シェル材料(SM)の前記層の厚さが0.05〜0.5mmである、フィラメントによって達成される。
好ましくは、バインダー(B)は、成分b1)として、バインダー(B)の総重量を基準として、50〜96重量%、より好ましくは60〜90重量%、最も好ましくは70〜85重量%の少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)を含む。
R1〜R4は、互いにそれぞれ独立して、C1〜C4−アルキル及びハロゲン置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
R5は、化学結合、(−CR5aR5b−)基及び(−CR5aR5bO−)基からなる群から選択され、
R5a及びR5bは、互いにそれぞれ独立して、H及び非置換又は少なくとも一置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
置換基は、F、Cl、Br、OH及びC1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
nは、0,1,2又は3である。)
nが0の場合、R5は隣接炭素原子と酸素原子との間の化学結合である。R5が(−CR5aR5bO−)基である場合、(−CR5aR5bO−)基の酸素原子(O)は、式(I)の別の炭素原子(C)に結合し、式(I)酸素原子(O)に結合しない。換言すれば、式(I)は過酸化物化合物を含まない。同じことは式(II)についても当てはまる。
R1〜R5及びnは、一般式(I)について上記で定義した意味を有する。)
Zは、化学結合、(−O−)基及び(−OR6O−)基からなる群から選択され、
R6は、非置換C1〜C8アルキレン及びC3〜C8−シクロアルキレンからなる群から選択される。)
−少なくとも50mol%のホルムアルデヒド源(b1a)、
−0.01〜20mol%の一般式(II)の少なくとも1種の第1のコモノマー(b1b)、
R1〜R4は、互いにそれぞれ独立して、C1〜C4−アルキル及びハロゲン置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
R5は、化学結合、(−CR5aR5b−)基及び(−CR5aR5bO−)基からなる群から選択され、
R5a及びR5bは、互いにそれぞれ独立して、H及び非置換又は少なくとも一置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
置換基は、F、Cl、Br、OH及びC1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
nは、0、1、2又は3である。)
−0〜20mol%の、式(III)の化合物及び式(IV)の化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の第2のコモノマー(b1c)、
Zは、化学結合、(−O−)基及び(−OR6O−)基からなる群から選択され、
R6は、非置換C1〜C8アルキレン及びC3〜C8−シクロアルキレンからなる群から選択される。)
を重合することによって調製されるポリオキシメチレン(POM)コポリマーである、フィラメントである。
好ましくは、ポリオレフィン(PO)は、ポリメチルペンテン、ポリ−1−ブテン、ポリイソブチレン、ポリエチレン及びポリプロピレンからなる群から選択される。当業者に知られており市販されているようなポリエチレン及びポリプロピレン及び更にそれらのコポリマーが特に好ましい。
R11〜R14は、互いにそれぞれ独立して、C1〜C4−アルキル及びハロゲン置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
R15は、化学結合、(−CR15aR15b−)基及び(−CR15aR15bO−)基からなる群から選択され、
R15a及びR15bは、互いにそれぞれ独立して、H及び非置換又は少なくとも一置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
置換基は、F、Cl、Br、OH及びC1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
nは、0,1,2又は3である。)
nが0の場合、R15は隣接炭素原子と酸素原子との間の化学結合である。R15が(−CR15aR15bO−)基である場合、(−CR15aR15bO−)基の酸素原子(O)は、式(V)の別の炭素原子(C)に結合し、式(V)酸素原子(O)に結合しない。換言すれば、式(v)は過酸化物化合物を含まない。同じことは式(vI)についても当てはまる。
R11〜R15は、一般式(V)について上記で定義した同じ意味を有する。)
本発明による好ましいポリ(アルキレンオキシド)は、環に2〜6個の炭素原子を有する一般式(VI)のモノマーから誘導される。換言すれば、好ましくは、ポリ(アルキレンオキシド)は、ポリ(C2−C6アルキレンオキシド)である。1,3−ジオキソラン、1,3ジオキセパン及びテトラヒドロフラン(IUPAC名:オキソラン)からなる群から選択されるモノマーから誘導されるポリ(アルキレンオキシド)が特に好ましい。換言すれば、特に好ましくは、ポリ(アルキレンオキシド)は、ポリ−1,3−ジオキソラン、ポリ−1,3−ジオキセパン及びポリテトラヒドロフランからなる群から選択される。
R7は、置換又は非置換のC1〜C20アルキレン又はC4〜C20シクロアルキレンであり、その置換基は、F、Cl、Br及びC1〜C6−アルキルからなる群から選択される。)
PA4 ピロリドン
PA6 ε−カプロラクタム
PA7 エタノールラクタム
PA8 カプリロラクタム
PA9 9−アミノペラルゴン酸
PA11 11−アミノウンデカン酸
PA12 ラウロラクタム
PA46 テトラメチレンジアミン、アジピン酸
PA66 ヘキサメチレンジアミン、アジピン酸
PA69 ヘキサメチレンジアミン、アゼライン酸
PA610 ヘキサメチレンジアミン、セバシン酸
PA612 ヘキサメチレンジアミン、デカンジカルボン酸
PA613 ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ウンデカンジカルボン酸
PA1212 1,12−ドデカンジアミン、デカンジカルボン酸
PA1313 1,13−ジアミノトリデカン、ウンデカンジカルボン酸
PA6T ヘキサメチレンジアミン、テレフタル酸
PA MXD6 m−キシレンジアミン、アジピン酸
PA 6−3−T トリメチルヘキサメチレンジアミン、テレフタル酸
PA6/6T (PA6及びPA6T参照)
PA6/66 (PA6及びPA66参照)
PA6/12 (PA6及びPA12参照)
PA66/6/610 (PA66、PA6及びPA610参照)
PA6l/6T (PA6I及びPA6T参照)
PA PACM6 ジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、アジピン酸
PA PACM12 ジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、ラウロラクタム
PA 6l/6T/PACM PA 6I/6T+アミノジシクロヘキシルメタンとして
PA12/MACMI ラウロラクタム、ジメチルジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、イソフタル酸
PA12/MACMT ラウロラクタム、ジメチルジアミノジシクロヘキシルメタン、テレフタル酸
PA PDA−T フェニレンジアミン、テレフタル酸
R8は、H及びC1〜C8−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
R9は、式(IX)の基である。)
R10は、C1C14アルキルである。)
b2)は、少なくとも1種のポリオレフィン(PO)であり、
b3)は、成分b)中の少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)がポリオキシメチレン(POM)である場合、少なくとも1種の更なるポリマー(FP)である。
(a)少なくとも40重量%の少なくとも1種のC1〜C20−アルキル(メタ)アクリレート
(b)0〜30重量%の少なくとも1種のビニル芳香族化合物
(c)少なくとも0.1重量%の少なくとも1種の酸モノマー
(d)0〜50重量%の更なるモノマー
(モノマーの量は全モノマーの合計を基準とする。)
を含むモノマー混合物の50000未満の重量平均分子量及び−40℃以上0℃未満、好ましくは−35℃以上0℃以下のガラス転移温度を有する水溶性分散重合における少なくとも1種を含む分散体が適用される。
a)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、30〜80体積%、好ましくは40〜68体積%、より好ましくは50〜65体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、20〜70体積%、好ましくは20〜60体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー、
c)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、0〜20体積%、好ましくは1.5〜15体積%、より好ましくは2〜10体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)は、成分d)〜f)を含み、
d)シェル材料(SM)の総重量を基準として75〜100体積%の少なくとも1種の熱可塑性ポリマー(TP)、
e)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として、0〜25体積%、好ましくは0〜10体積%、より好ましくは0〜5体積%、最も好ましくは0〜3体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)の層の厚さは、0.05〜0.5mm、好ましくは0.09〜0.3mm、より好ましくは0.1〜0.25mmである。
a)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、30〜80体積%、好ましくは40〜68体積%、より好ましくは50〜65体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、20〜70体積%、好ましくは20〜60体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー、
c)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、0〜20体積%、好ましくは1.5〜15体積%、より好ましくは2〜10体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)は、成分d)〜f)を含む。
e)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)シェル材料(SM)の総体積を基準として、0〜25体積%、好ましくは0〜10体積%、より好ましくは0〜5体積%、最も好ましくは0〜3体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)。
a)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、30〜80体積%、好ましくは40〜68体積%、より好ましくは50〜65体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、20〜70体積%、20〜60体積%、より好ましくは20〜50体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー、
c)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、0〜20体積%、好ましくは1.5〜15体積%、より好ましくは2〜10体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)は、成分d)を含み、
d)シェル材料(SM)の総重量を基準として100体積%の少なくとも1種の熱可塑性ポリマー(TP)、
e)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として、0体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)の層の厚さは、0.05〜0.5mm、好ましくは0.09〜0.3mm、より好ましくは0.1〜0.25mmである。
a)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、30〜80体積%、好ましくは40〜68体積%、より好ましくは50〜65体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、20〜70体積%、20〜60体積%、より好ましくは20〜50体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー、
c)コア材料(CM)の総体積を基準として、0〜20体積%、好ましくは1.5〜15体積%、より好ましくは2〜10体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
シェル材料(SM)は、成分d)を含む。
e)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)。
a)フィラメントをスプール上でノズルに提供する工程、
b)フィラメントを温度(TM)に加熱する工程、
c)三次元緑体を形成するために、層系添加剤技術を使用して構築チャンバにおいて工程b)で得られた加熱されたフィラメントを堆積させる工程、
を含む、方法である。
全ての実施例1)〜3)(本発明による)のコア材料:
コア−60:60体積%の17−4PHステンレス鋼粉末(D50=12ミクロン)、4.9体積%のLDPE、7体積%のポリ(1,3−ジオキセパン)及び28.1体積%のポリアセタール(POM)
実施例1)(本発明による):POM(ポリアセタール;商品名:Ultraform)
実施例2)(本発明による):PP HP500N(ポリプロピレン)
実施例3)(本発明による):PLA Ingeo 4043D(ポリ乳酸)
押出装置:圧縮3.08でのポリオレフィンスクリュー8/6/11を有する2Teach−Line E20T
ダイ:改変ブローフィルムダイマトリックスφ3,6mm
コンベヤBAW130T
Zumbach直径測定
全てのポリマーを80℃で処理する前に、エアドライヤー及び7m/分のコンベヤ速度で乾燥させた。
コア材料のコア:
「コア−60」を有する押出機
ゾーン1 185℃、ゾーン2 190℃、スキンアダプター190℃、ダイ190℃
スクリュー速度35RPM
POM Ultraform Z2320での共押出
ゾーン1 175℃、ゾーン2 185℃、スキンアダプター190℃、
スクリュー速度45RPM
直径2.7mm、楕円率0.03 mm
コア径:2.5mm
外側層厚:0.2mm
コア材料のコア:
「コア−60」を有する押出機
ゾーン1 185℃、ゾーン2 190℃、スキンアダプター190℃、ダイ190℃
スクリュー速度35RPM
PP HP500Nでの共押出
ゾーン1 185℃、ゾーン2 190℃、スキンアダプター190℃、
スクリュー速度65RPM
直径2.7mm、楕円率0.03 mm
コア径:2.5mm
外側層厚:0.2mm
コア材料のコア:
「コア−60」を有する押出機
ゾーン1 185℃、ゾーン2 190℃、スキンアダプター190℃、ダイ190℃
スクリュー速度35RPM
PLA Ingeo4043Dでの共押出
ゾーン1 185℃、ゾーン2 190℃、スキンアダプター190℃、
スクリュー速度45RPM
直径2.7mm、楕円率0.03 mm
コア径:2.5mm
外側層厚:0.2mm
Claims (15)
- シェル材料(SM)の層でコーティングされたコア材料(CM)を含むフィラメントであって、
前記コア材料(CM)が、成分a)〜c)を含み、
a)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として30〜80体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
b)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として20〜70体積%の、成分b1)
b1)少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)
を含む少なくとも1種のバインダー(B)、
c)前記コア材料(CM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
前記少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)が、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)ホモポリマー、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)コポリマー又はポリオキシメチレン(POM)ターポリマーであり、前記ポリオキシメチレン(POM)ホモポリマーのOH末端基の少なくとも一部がキャップされており、
前記シェル材料(SM)が、成分d)〜f)を含み、
d)前記シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として75〜100体積%の少なくとも1種の熱可塑性ポリマー(TP)、
e)前記シェル材料(SM)の全体積を基準として0〜20体積%の少なくとも1種の無機粉末(IP)、
f)前記シェル材料(SM)の全重量を基準として0〜25体積%の少なくとも1種の添加剤(A)、
前記シェル材料の前記層の厚さが0.05〜0.5mmであり、
前記シェル材料(SM)の前記少なくとも1種の前記熱可塑性ポリマー(TP)は、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)、ポリオレフィン(PO)、ポリウレタン(PU)、ポリアミド(PA)、ポリエーテル(PETH)、ポリカーボネート(PC)及びポリエステル(PES)並びにそれらのブレンドの群から選択される、
フィラメント。 - 前記バインダー(B)が、
i)前記バインダーの総重量を基準として50〜96重量%の少なくとも1種のポリマー(P)を含む、請求項1に記載のフィラメント。 - 前記コア材料(CM)中の前記バインダー(B)が、成分b2)又はb3)
b2)少なくとも1種のポリオレフィン(PO)、
b3)成分b1)及び成分b2)とは異なる少なくとも1種の更なるポリマー(FP)
を更に含む、請求項1又は2に記載のフィラメント。 - 前記バインダー(B)が、前記バインダー(B)の総重量を基準として、2〜35重量%の成分b2)、又は前記バインダー(B)の総重量を基準として、2〜40重量%の成分b3)を含む、請求項3に記載のフィラメント。
- 前記フィラメントが、下記i)〜v)から成る群より選択される少なくとも1つを充足する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のフィラメント。
i)前記フィラメントの直径が、1.5〜3.5mmであること、
ii)前記コア材料の直径が、1.5〜3.0mmであること、
iii)シェル材料(SM)の前記層の厚さが、0.09〜0.3mmであること、
iv)前記無機粉末(IP)の粒径が、0.1〜80μmであること、及び
v)前記無機粉末(IP)が、金属、金属合金及びセラミック材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の無機材料の粉末であること。 - 成分(b1)中の前記ポリマー(P)が、
−少なくとも50mol%のホルムアルデヒド源(b1a)、
−0.01〜20mol%の一般式(II)の少なくとも1種の第1のコモノマー(b1b)、
R1〜R4は、互いにそれぞれ独立して、H、C1〜C4−アルキル及びハロゲン置換C1〜C4アルキルからなる群から選択され、
R5は、化学結合、(−CR5aR5b−)基及び(−CR5aR5bO−)基からなる群から選択され、
R5a及びR5bは、互いにそれぞれ独立して、H及び非置換又は少なくとも一置換C1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
置換基は、F、Cl、Br、OH及びC1〜C4−アルキルからなる群から選択され、
nは、0、1、2又は3である。)
−0〜20mol%の、式(III)の化合物及び式(IV)の化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の第2のコモノマー(b1c)、
Zは、化学結合、(−O−)基及び(−OR6O−)基からなる群から選択され、
R6は、非置換C1〜C8−アルキレン及びC3〜C8−シクロアルキレンからなる群から選択される。)
を重合することによって調製されるポリオキシメチレン(POM)である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のフィラメント。 - 前記更なるポリマー(FP)が、ポリエーテル、ポリウレタン、ポリエポキシド、ポリアミド、ビニル芳香族ポリマー、ポリ(ビニルエステル)、ポリ(ビニルエーテル)、ポリ(アルキル(メタ)アクリレート)及びこれらのコポリマーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の更なるポリマー(FP)である、請求項3に記載のフィラメント。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のフィラメントの調製プロセスであって、コア材料(CM)のシェル材料(SM)との共押出によってシェル材料(SM)の層でコア材料(CM)を被覆する、プロセス。
- 溶融フィラメント製作プロセスによる三次元緑体の調製プロセスであって、少なくとも工程a)、b)、c)
a)請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のフィラメントをスプール上でノズルに提供する工程、
b)フィラメントを温度(TM)に加熱する工程、
c)三次元緑体を形成するために、層系添加剤技術を使用して構築チャンバにおいて工程b)で得られた加熱されたフィラメントを堆積させる工程、
を含む、プロセス。 - 工程b)における温度(TM)が、140〜240℃である、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 三次元褐色体を形成するために、前記バインダー(B)の少なくとも一部又は前記シェル材料(SM)の少なくとも一部を前記三次元緑体から除去する工程d)が工程c)に続く、請求項9又は10に記載のプロセス。
- 工程d)において、
i)前記バインダー(B)又は前記シェル材料(SM)を酸性処理によって除去し、又は
ii)前記バインダー(B)又は前記シェル材料(SM)を、前記バインダー(B)又は前記シェル材料(SM)の融点より低い温度で除去する、請求項11に記載のプロセス。 - 前記三次元褐色体を焼結して三次元焼結体を形成する工程e)が工程d)に続く、請求項11又は12に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項9又は10に記載のプロセスによって調製された三次元緑体。
- 前記フィラメントが、下記i)〜iv)から成る群より選択される少なくとも1つを充足する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のフィラメント。
i)前記フィラメントの直径が2.0〜3.1mmであること、
ii)前記コア材料の直径が1.9〜2.7mmであること、
iii)シェル材料(SM)の前記層の厚さが0.1〜0.25mmであること、及び
iv)前記無機粉末(IP)の粒径が0.5〜50μmであること。
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KR20180030867A (ko) | 2018-03-26 |
CA2991802A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
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KR102594758B1 (ko) | 2023-10-30 |
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US10501869B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
EP3322843B1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
CN107849743A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
MX2018000544A (es) | 2018-09-06 |
CN113529207B (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
TW201718232A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
CN113529207A (zh) | 2021-10-22 |
JP2018523762A (ja) | 2018-08-23 |
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