JP6738841B2 - 脳由来神経栄養因子(bdnf)に対する天然アンチセンス転写物の阻害によるbdnf関連の疾患の処置 - Google Patents
脳由来神経栄養因子(bdnf)に対する天然アンチセンス転写物の阻害によるbdnf関連の疾患の処置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2012年3月15日に出願の、米国仮特許出願第61/611,225号、および2012年3月23日に出願の、米国仮特許出願第61/614,664号の利益を主張し、その両方は、それら全体が引用によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書で使用される用語は、特定の実施形態のみを記載するためのものあり、本発明を限定するようには意図されない。本明細書で使用されるように、単数形「a」、「an」および「the」は、文脈が他に明確に示さない限り、複数形も同様に含むことが意図される。さらに、用語「含むこと(including)」、「含む(includes)」「有すること(having)」、「有する(has)」、「とともに(with)」、またはその変形が、詳細な記載及び/又は請求項のいずれかで使用される程度まで、そのような用語は、用語「含む(comprising)」に類似した方法で含まれるように意図される。
そのようなアナログは、結合性、例えば、二重または三重の安定性、特異性などを増強するように設計された合成ヌクレオチドを含む。
標的:1つの実施形態では、標的は、限定することなく、脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)により関係する、センス及び/又はアンチセンスの非コード化の及び/又はコード化する配列を含む、BDNFの核酸配列を含む。共に「Treatment of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Related Diseases by Inhibition of Natural Antisense Transcript to BDNF」という発明の名称である、およびそれら全体が引用によって本明細書に組み込まれた、PCT公開番号WO2010/093904および米国特許出願公開番号2011/0319475は、それらの中で詳述されるようなオリゴヌクレオチドを使用する調節のための標的としてBDNFを開示している。
プレmRNA変異体のスプライシングが生じない場合、プレmRNA変異体は、mRNA変異体と同一である。
第5,118,802号;第5,138,045号;第5,414,077号;第5,486,603号;第5,512,439号;第5,578,718号;第5,608,046号;第4,587,044号;第4,605,735号;第4,667,025号;第4,762,779号;第4,789,737号;第4,824,941号;第4,835,263号;第4,876,335号;第4,904,582号;第4,958,013号;第5,082,830号;第5,112,963号;第5,214,136号;第5,082,830号;第5,112,963号;第5,214,136号;第5,245,022号;第5,254,469号;第5,258,506号;第5,262,536号;第5,272,250号;第5,292,873号;第5,317,098号;第5,371,241号、第5,391,723号;第5,416,203号、第5,451,463号;第5,510,475号;第5,512,667号;第5,514,785号;第5,565,552号;第5,567,810号;第5,574,142号;第5,585,481号;第5,587,371号;第5,595,726号;第5,597,696号;第5,599,923号;第5,599,928号、及び第5,688,941号を含み、その各々は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
外因性の核酸の宿主細胞又は生物体への移動は、細胞又は生物体における核酸の存在を直接検知することにより、評価され得る。そのような検知は、当該技術分野で周知の様々な方法によって達成され得る。例えば、外因性の核酸の存在は、サザンブロット、又は、核酸に関連したヌクレオチド配列を明確に増幅するプライマーを使用するポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)技術によって検知され得る。外因性の核酸の発現も、遺伝子発現解析を含む従来の方法を使用して測定され得る。例えば、外因性の核酸からもたらされたmRNAは、ノーザンブロット及び逆転写PCR(RT−PCR)を使用して、検知され且つ定量化され得る。
本発明の化合物は、診断、治療学、及び予防法のために、及びキットの研究試薬及び構成要素として利用され得る。更に、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド(精巧な特異性により遺伝子発現を阻害することができる)は、特定の遺伝子の機能を解明するために、又は生物学的経路の様々な部材の機能間を区別するために、当業者によって大抵は使用される。
本発明のオリゴヌクレオチドの別の修飾は、オリゴヌクレオチドの活性、細胞分布、又は細胞の取り込みを増強する1以上の部分又は接合体をオリゴヌクレオチドに化学的に連結する工程を含む。これらの部分又は接合体は、一級又は二級のヒドロキシル基などの官能基に共有結合される共役基(conjugate group)を含み得る。本発明の共役基は、インターカレータ、レポーター分子、ポリアミン、ポリアミド、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエーテル、オリゴマーの薬物動態学的特性を増強する基、及びオリゴマーの薬物速度論的特性を増強する基を含む。典型的な共役基は、コレステロール、脂質、リン脂質、ビオチン、フェナジン、葉酸、フェナントリジン、アントラキノン、アクリジン、フルオレセイン、ローダミン、クマリン、及び色素を含む。薬物動態学的特性を増強する基は、本発明の文脈において、取り込みを向上させ、劣化に対する抵抗性を増強し、及び/又は標的核酸による配列特異性のハイブリダイゼーションを強化する基を含む。薬物速度論的特性を増強する基は、本発明の文脈において、本発明の化合物の取り込み、分配、代謝、又は排出を向上させる基を含む。代表的な共役基は、引用により本明細書に組み込まれる、1992年10月23日出願の国際特許出願PCT/US92/09196、及び米国特許第6,287,860号に開示される。共役基は、限定されないが、脂質部分(コレステロール部分、コール酸、チオエーテル(例えば、ヘキシル−5−トリチルチオール)、チオコレステロール、脂肪族鎖(例えば、ドデカンジオール又はウンデシルの残基)、リン脂質(例えば、ジ−ヘキサデシル−rac−グリセロール又はトリエチルアンモニウム 1,2−ジ−O−ヘキサデシル−rac−グリセロ−3−Hホスホネート)、ポリアミン又はポリエチレングリコール鎖など)、又はアダマンタン酢酸、パルミチル部分、又はオクタデシルアミン或いはヘキシルアミノ−カルボニル− オキシコレステリン部分を含む。本発明のオリゴヌクレオチドも、活性薬物物質(例えば、アスピリン、ワルファリン、フェニルブタゾン、イブプロフェン、スプロフェン、フェンブフェン、ケトプロフェン、(S)−(+)−プラノプロフェン、カルプロフェン、ダンシルサルコシン、2,3,5−トリヨード安息香酸、フルフェナム酸、フォリン酸、ベンゾサイアジアザイド、クロロサイアザイド、ジアゼピン、インドメタシン(indomethicin)、バルビツール酸塩、セファロスポリン、サルファ薬、糖尿病用薬、抗菌薬、又は抗生物質に共役され得る。
本発明の化合物はまた、取り込み、分配、及び/又は吸収を助けるために、他の分子、分子構造、又は化合物の混合物(例えば、リポソーム、受容体に標的とされた分子、経口、直腸、局所、又は他の製剤)と混合され、閉じ込められ、共役され、又は他に関連付けられ得る。そのような取り込み、分配、及び/又は吸収を助ける製剤の調製を教示する代表的な米国特許は、限定されないが、米国特許第5,108,921号;第5,354,844号;第5,416,016号;第5,459,127号;第5,521,291号;第5,543,165号;第5,547,932号;第5,583,020号;第5,591,721号;第4,426,330号;第4,534,899号;第5,013,556号;第5,108,921号;第5,213,804号;第5,227,170号;第5,264,221号;第5,356,633号;第5,395,619号;第5,416,016号;第5,417,978号;第5,462,854号;第5,469,854号;第5,512,295号;第5,527,528号;第5,534,259号;第5,543,152号;第5,556,948号;第5,580,575号;及び第5,595,756号を含み、その各々は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
治療用組成物の製剤及びそれらの後の投与(投薬)は、当業者の能力内にあると考えられる。投薬は、処置される病状の重症度及び反応性に依存し、処置の経過は、数日から数か月まで、又は、治癒される或いは病状の減少が達成されるまで続く。最適な投薬スケジュールは、患者の身体における薬物蓄積の測定から計算され得る。当業者は、最適な投与量、投薬方法、及び反復率を容易に決定できる。最適な投与量は、個々のオリゴヌクレオチドの相対効力に依存して異なり、インビトロ及びインビボで動物モデルに効果的であると見出されるEC50に基づいて、一般的に評価され得る。一般に、投与量は体重1kg当たり0.01μgから10mgまであり、毎日、毎週、毎月、又は毎年に1回以上を、或いは2乃至20年ごとに一度与えられ得る。当業者は、体液又は組織中の薬物の測定された滞留時間及び濃度に基づく投薬に関する反復率を容易に推定することができる。処置が成功した後、病状の再発を予防するために維持療法を患者に受けさせることが望ましい場合があり、ここで、オリゴヌクレオチドは。体重1kg当たり0.01μg乃至10mgの維持量で、毎日1回以上乃至2−20年ごとに1回投与され得る。
上記に示すように、用語「〜に特異的なオリゴヌクレオチド」又は「オリゴヌクレオチド標的」は、(i)標的とされた遺伝子の一部を備えた安定した複合体を形成することが可能な、又は(ii)標的とされた遺伝子のmRNAの転写の一部を備えた安定した二重鎖を形成することが可能な配列を有する、オリゴヌクレオチドを指す。
多くのDNAベースのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを設計して試験し、AntagoNATと名付け、非コーディングBdnf−AS及び他のアンチセンス転写物を標的とする。2−O’−メチルRNA又はLNAで修飾したヌクレオチドを加えた/差し引いた、十分なホスホロチオエート修飾を伴う、又はそれが無い、長さ12乃至20ヌクレオチドに及ぶ、様々なAntagoNATが設計した。最高の効果を、各々の末端(XXXnnnnnnnnnnXXX)で3つのLNAで修飾したヌクレオチドを伴う16−ヌクレオチドホスホロチオエートgapmerにより、Bdnf mRNAのレベルについて観察した。ヒトBDNFセンス−アンチセンス転写物間の相互作用の遮断のために、LNA及び2−O’−メチルRNA分子の両方を含む14−ヌクレオチドのmixmerを使用した。これら2−O’−メチルRNAで修飾したオリゴヌクレオチドは単にRNAを遮断すると示唆されるが、標的とされたRNAの辺縁のダウンレギュレーションを、この実験で観察した(図11)。これらの研究に使用される他のすべてのsiRNA、プライマー、及びプローブと同様に、様々なAntagoNATの配列を、表1に記載する。
実施例2で使用されるアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを全て、実施例1に記載されるように設計した。製造業者(IDT Inc. of Coralville, IA)に、設計したホスホチオエート結合オリゴヌクレオチドを製造するよう指示し、表1に示される設計したホスホチオエートアナログを提供した。ヌクレオチド間のアスタリスクの指標は、ホスホチオエート結合の存在を示す。ホスホラミダイトモノマー(保護基で保護された全ての活性基(例えば、糖上のトリチル基、A及びC上のベンゾイル、並びにG上のN−2−イソブチリルを備えた、標準のヌクレオチド)を使用して、5ミクロンの制御した細孔ガラスビーズ(CPG)などの固形支持体上で、任意の適切な最先端技術の方法(例えばIDTによって使用される方法)を使用して、実施例2における実験に必要なオリゴヌクレオチドを合成することができる。保護基は、オリゴヌクレオチド合成中に不要な反応を予防する。保護基を、合成プロセスの終わりに除去する。初期のヌクレオチドは3’炭素を介して固形支持体に連結し、合成は3’乃至5’の方向に進行する。成長しているオリゴヌクレオチド連結に対する新しい塩基の付加は、4つの工程で行われる:1)トリクロロ酢酸を使用して、固定されたヌクレオチドの5’酸素から保護基を除去する;2)テトラゾールを使用して、固定され且つ次の配列の(next−in−sequence)ヌクレオチドを共に結合する;反応は、テトラゾリルホスホラミダイト中間体を介して進行する;3)未反応の遊離ヌクレオチド及び反応副産物を洗い流し、未反応の固定されたオリゴヌクレオチドをキャッピングし(capped)、次回の合成におけるそれらの関与を防ぐ;無水酢酸及びN−メチルイミダゾールを使用して、遊離5’ヒドロキシルをアセチル化することにより、キャッピングを達成する;4)ヌクレオチド間の結合を安定させるために、リン酸ジエステル結合がもたらされる場合、ヨウ素と水を使用してリンを酸化し、又はホスホチオエート結合が所望される場合、或いはBeaucage試薬(3H−1,2−ベンゾジチオール−3−オン−1,1−ジオキシド)を使用してリンを酸化する。2つの酸化剤を交替することによって、キメラの骨格を構築することができる。上述の4工程のサイクルを、配列中の全てのヌクレオチドのために繰り返す。完全な配列を合成する場合、オリゴヌクレオチドを固形支持体から開裂し、高温で水酸化アンモニウムを使用して脱保護する。保護基を脱塩により押し流し、残りのオリゴヌクレオチドを凍結乾燥する。
1.ATCC(cat# CRL−1573)からのHek293細胞は、37℃及び5%のCO2で、MEM/EBSS(Hyclone cat #SH30024)+10%FBS+ペニシリン+ストレプトマイシン中で成長した。実験の1日前に、5×105/ウェルの密度で細胞を6ウェルのプレートに再度蒔き、37℃及び5%のCO2でインキュベートした。
2.実験当日、6ウェルのプレートにおける培地を、新鮮なMEM/EBSS+10% FBSに変更した。
3.BDNF−AntagoNAT(BDNF−ASのオリゴヌクレオチドアンチセンス)を全て、20uMの濃度およびBDNF−AS siRNAに希釈した(10uMでのBDNF−ASの相補的なsiRNA;両方のオリゴヌクレオチド化合物をIDTによって製造する。1つのウェルに投薬するために、この溶液の2μlを、20分間室温で、400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)及び4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)でインキュベートし、HepG2細胞を伴う6ウェルのプレートに滴下で加えた。オリゴヌクレオチド溶液の代わりに2μlの水を含む同様の混合物を、偽のトランスフェクトした対照に使用した。
4.37℃及び5%のCO2でのインキュベーションの3−18時間後、培地を、新鮮なMEM/EBSS+10%のFBS+ペニシリン+ストレプトマイシンに変更した。
5.48時間後、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの追加を行った。その後、培地を除去し、製造業者の指示に従い、Promega(cat# Z3105)のSV Total RNA Isolation System又はQiagen(cat# 74181)のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを使用して、RNAを細胞から抽出した。
6.200−400ngの抽出されたRNAを、ランダム六量体、dNTP、MgCl2、及び適切なバッファーの2.5mMの混合物を使用して行なわれた逆転写反応物に加えた。この逆転写反応物からのcDNA(20−40ng)を使用し、ABI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)及び300nMのフォワードプライマー及びリバースプライマー、並びに15μlの最終的な反応体積における200nMのプローブを使用する、リアルタイムPCRによる遺伝子発現を監視した。FileBuilderのソフトウェア(Applied Biosystem)を使用して、プライマー/プローブを設計した。プライマーは、センス−アンチセンスの対に特異的な鎖であり、プローブは、ゲノムDNA増幅の可能性をなくすためにエキソン境界を包含した。ヒトBDNFのためのABIアッセイは、Applied Biosystems Inc., Foster City CAによる、Applied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay: Hs00542425_s1 (BDNF)であった。以下のPCRサイクルを使用した:2分間50℃、10分間95℃、GeneAmp 7900 Machine (Applied Biosystems)を使用する40のサイクル(15秒間95℃及び1分間60℃)。処置したサンプルと偽のトランスフェクトしたサンプルとの間の18S−標準化dCt値における差に基づいて、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドによる処置後の遺伝子発現における倍率変化を計算した。
7.BDNF−ASのためのオリゴの検知:
ABIアッセイ ID Hs00417345_ml
コンテキスト配列GCACACCTGGAGATACTCTATTATA (SEQ ID NOS:65)
8.BDNFのためのオリゴの検知:
ABIアッセイID Hs00542425_sl
CCTGCAGAATGGCCTGGAATTACAA(SEQ ID NOS:66)
BDNF−ASのためのオリゴの検知:
ABIアッセイID Hs00417345_ml
コンテキスト配列GCACACCTGGAGATACTCTATTATA(SEQ ID NOS:65)
BDNFのためのオリゴの検知:
ABIアッセイID Hs00542425_sl
CCTGCAGAATGGCCTGGAATTACAA(SEQ ID NOS:66)
9.結果は、サイクル閾(Ct)値に基づく。ddCtとして実験遺伝子と参照遺伝子(18S RNA)に関するCt値の間の計算された差を、キャリブレータサンプルに対する各RNAの割合として図示した。
結果:BDNF−AS転写の重複しない領域を標的とする異なるsiRNAを備えたHEK293T細胞を含む、様々なヒト及びマウスの細胞株の形質移入は、48時間で、BDNF転写(図1a及び図6)の2−6倍のアップレギュレーションを示す。BDNFのアップレギュレーションは、内在性の対照の選択と関係しなかった(図5a−b)。アップレギュレーションは、他のBDNFの近隣の遺伝子の調整に影響しなかった(図9)。
伴う方法は、siRNAによるHek293細胞の処置と同じであるが、今回、オリゴの追加0〜96時間後に細胞を採取する。結果:BDNF−ASの最適なダウンレギュレーションに対して同時に48時間でのsiRNAによる、BDNF及びBDNF−AS発現の時間的経過は、BDNFの最適なアップレギュレーションを示す(図1b)。
伴う方法は、siRNAによるHek293細胞の処置と同じであるが、今回、細胞をAntagoNATで処置する。
結果:BDNF−AS転写物は、BDNF mRNAに対して十分な相補性を有する、225のヌクレオチドが重複する領域を含む。RNA−RNAの相互作用は、そのアンチセンス転写物によるBDNFの不一致な調整の原因であり得る。BDNF mRNAに対するBDNF−ASの調節性の役割を決定するために、LNA及び2’OMe RNAの修飾物の両方を含むgapmer(AntagoNAT)を利用し、センス及びアンチセンスの転写物の間の相互作用を遮断した。hBDNF−AatagoNATをタイリングする(tiling)ことにより、重複領域をカバーした。hBDNF−AntagoNATの使用がBDNF mRNAをアップレギュレートすることが分かった。BDNF−AS転写物の僅かなダウンレギュレーションを観察し、それは、遮断オリゴ(blocking oligo)を含む2’OMe−RNAに対して予期されなかった。16のhBDNF−AntagoNATを試験して、BDNF−ASの重複領域の前半の遮断が、BDNF mRNAのアップレギュレーションにより大きな効果があることが分かった。特に、hBDNF−AntagoNAT1及びhBDNFAntagoNAT4は、BDNF mRNAの有意なアップレギュレーションを引き起こした。合成のsiRNAと異なり、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは単鎖であり、長さがより短くなる場合がある;それ故、非特異性の(オフターゲット)結合効果を弱める。単鎖のロックド核酸(LNA)修飾オリゴヌクレオチドは一般に、未修飾のsiRNAと比較して、インビボでより効果的である(図7)。
伴う方法は、BDNF及びBDNF−ASの量を定量化するための、異なるhBDNF−AntagoNATによるHek293細胞の処置と同じであるが、今回、細胞はN2a細胞である。更に、以下のPCRサイクルを使用した:2分間50℃、10分間95℃、GeneAmp 7900 Machine(Applied Biosystems)を使用する50のサイクル(15秒間95℃及び1分間60℃)。
伴う方法は、BDNF mRNAの量を定量化するための、異なるsiRNAによるHek293細胞の処置と同じであるが、siRNAの追加の48時間後に行なわれる工程5を除く。その後、培地を除去し、細胞を分裂させ、BDNFタンパク質のレベルを、ELISA(図1c)及びウェスタンブロット(図1d)によって定量化した。
伴う方法は、工程3を除く、BDNF mRNAの量を定量化するための、異なるsiRNAによるHek293細胞の処置と同じであり、ここで、同じ量のOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)を使用して、BDNF mRNAの量を定量化するための異なるsiRNAによるHek293細胞の処置と同じ相対的な量のLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を使用して最終の11の異なる濃度が細胞(300nMから5pMまで及ぶ1:3の連続希釈)に適用されるように、全てのmBDNF−AntagoNAT9は異なる濃度に希釈された。これを室温で20分間行い、HepG2細胞を伴う6ウェルのプレートの1つのウェルに滴下で加えた。オリゴヌクレオチド溶液の代わりに水を含む同様の混合物を、偽のトランスフェクトした対照に使用した。結果:図1eにおいて示されるように、BDNF−ASがmBDNF−AntagoNAT9によって標的とされる場合、BDNFの用量依存性のアップレギュレーションが存在する。
ニューロスフェアにおけるマウスの海馬の神経幹細胞の解剖:神経細胞の幹細胞を、マウスの子の海馬、P0−P1から分離した。海馬を、単離細胞へ機械的に分離し、短い回転によって収集し、グルタミン、抗生物質、B27溶液、及び0.001mMの濃度のEGFとFGFの両方を含む、DMEMとF12の混合物において成長させた。3−4日後、流動するニューロスフェアが生じた。100,000の細胞を、ポリ−L−リジン(PLL)でコーティングされた24ウェルのプレートに蒔いた。ニューロスフェア細胞のPLL上への平板培養によって分化プロセスを始める。平板培養後3日目に、成長因子を培地から除去し、細胞を更に4日間(平板培養後7日)、成長させた。この時点まで、細胞培養は、星状細胞、ニューロン、乏突起膠細胞、及び成熟した脳組織に更に類似させるそれらの前駆細胞から成る神経系細胞系統の混合物を有していた。Bdnf及びBdnf−ASの発現を、培養物を蒔いて3及び7日後と同様に、流動するニューロスフェア中で測定した。平板培養の3又は7日後に、Bdnf−AS転写を標的とする50nMのsiRNA又は20nMのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの何れかを使用して、ノックダウン実験を行なった。神経幹細胞も、80μlの全容積で免疫細胞化学チャンバ(1つのウェル当たり18,000の細胞)に蒔かれる。その後、マウスの主要細胞に対するBdnf−ASノックダウンの機能効果を評価するために、同じプロトコルを使用して、ニューロスフェアをトランスフェクトした。48−72時間後、細胞を20分間パラホルムアルデヒド(4%)で固定し、1X PBSで数回洗浄した。FBSによる遮断後、ニューロスフェアを一晩、1:2000の濃度で、主要な抗体(モノクローナルのウサギβチューブリンIII、TUJ1)によりインキュベートした。固定した細胞を、二次抗体でインキュベートし、Alexafluor 568(1:5000の濃度で、ヤギ抗ウサギIgG、2mg/ml)で標識化した。核をヘキスト染色により染色した。免疫蛍光抗原検出顕微鏡検査によって画像を得た。
用語「AntagoNAT」は、センス−アンチセンスの相互作用を阻害する単鎖オリゴヌクレオチド分子を説明するために、本明細書で使用される(異なる修飾物と共に、補足の方法を参照)。単鎖gapmerを設計し、オリゴヌクレオチド、長さが14ヌクレオチド、2’O−メチルRNA及び/又はロックド核酸(LNA)修飾を伴う。この方策を使用し、我々は、ヒトBDNF−ASとBDNF転写物の間の重複領域全体にタイリングし(tiled)、BDNF mRNAをアップレギュレートすることができる様々な効果的なAntagoNATを識別した。重複領域の第1部分を標的とするhBDNF−AntagoNAT1及びhBDNF−AntagoNAT4は、最大の反応をもたらした。データは、BDNFアンチセンスRNAの遮断が、単鎖のAntagoNATによって、BDNF mRNAの増加を引き起こすのに十分であることを示唆する。
神経細胞の成長及び成体の神経新生16−17に対するBdnfの促進作用を示す、多くの以前の報告と一致して、Bdnf−AS転写のノックダウンによる内在性のBdnfレベルにおける増加は、神経細胞数の増加、及び、ニューロスフェア中に蒔いて3及び7日後に神経突起伸長及び成熟を、結果としてもたらしたことが分かった(図5a−d)。これらデータは、アンチセンスRNAの阻害のために、内在性のBdnfのアップレギュレーションが、神経細胞の前駆細胞において神経分化を誘発し、初期の神経細胞において成熟した表現型を引き起こし得ることを示唆する。
マウス研究:10匹の8週齢のオスのC57BL/6マウスをインビボ実験に使用した。4週間、1.5mg/kg/dの投与量でBdnf−AS(mBdnf−AntagoNAT9)又は対照のオリゴヌクレオチド(ヒト又はマウスに存在しない不活性配列)に対して配向される合成のアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの持続注入(0.11マイクロリットル/h)を送達した、浸透圧ミニポンプが皮下に注入された背側の第三脳室において、マウスを慢性の留置用カニューレで調製した。細管を浸透圧ミニポンプの出口ポートに接続し、留置用カニューレを皮下に通して、結果、処置を脳に直接送達した。注入の5日後、動物はすべて、連続して5日間、BrdU(80mg/kg)の腹腔内(IP)注入を毎日受けた。手術の28日後に、動物を屠殺し、3つの組織を、定量的RNA測定用の各マウスの脳から切除した(海馬、前頭皮質、及び小脳)。
C57BL/6マウスへのmBdnf−AntagoNAT9の脳室内(ICV)送達用の浸透圧ミニポンプを利用した。その後、mBdnf−AntagoNAT9を選択し、それは、インビトロでBdnf mRNAを増加する、その高度な効果に基づき、他の活性なAntagoNAT上で、マウスBdnf−ASの非重複領域を標的としている。連続的なAntagoNAT注入の28日後、Bdnf mRNAのレベルは、不活性の対照オリゴヌクレオチドによって変更しないレベルと比較して、mBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスの第三脳室に隣接している前脳領域にわたって、増加された(図3a、b)。Bdnf及びBdnf−ASの転写物は、視床下部(第三脳室に直に隣接していない構造)において不変であった(図3c)。更に、Bdnf−ASのAntagoNATを媒介とした遮断が、Bdnfタンパク質レベルを結果として増加させたことが分かった(図3d、e)。これらの結果は、上記のインビトロのデータに相当し、Bdnf−ASの遮断がインビボでのBdnf mRNA及びタンパク質の発現の増加を結果としてもたらすことを示す。
RNA抽出及びマウス脳サンプルのRT−PCR:28日後にマウスを屠殺し、脳を切除した。各マウスからの1つの半脳(hemibrain)を、組織学的研究のために4%のホルムアルデヒド中で一晩固定した。別の半脳を、RNA定量的測度のために、海馬、前頭皮質、及び小脳から切除した。製造業者のプロトコルに従って、Trizolの試薬(Invitrogen, 15596−026)における均質化後に、RNAを抽出した。水相を分離し、Qiagen RNeasyカラム(QIAGEN、74106)にサンプルを通す前に70%のエタノールの等量を加え、それらRNAサンプルを、DNA汚染物の除去のために、オンカラムDNAse処置に曝した。400ngの各サンプルを、第1鎖のcDNA合成に使用し、RT−PCR測定を行った。パーセンタイル変化を、各グラフにおいて、対照マウスと比較した個々の組織についてRNAレベルでプロットした。
5日間、研究の第1週に、BrdUをmBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスに注入した。連続的なAntagoNAT注入の28日後、脳組織の組織学的検査を行い、ニューロンの増殖を定量化し、Ki67及びBrdUマーカーをそれぞれ使用して生存させた。mBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスにおいて、対照の処置したマウスと比較して、増加をKi67陽性(増殖)細胞において観察した(図4a、b)。Ki67陽性細胞の数を定量化し、細胞増殖の有意な増加を、対照のオリゴヌクレオチドと比較したmBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスにおいて見出した(図4c)。mBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスにおいて、対照オリゴヌクレオチドで処置したマウスと比較して、BrdU取り込み(生存細胞)において有意な増加が存在した(図4d)。対照とmBdnf−AntagoNAT9で処置したマウスとの間の海馬体積における差は存在しなかった(図4e)。これら結果は、Bdnf−ASがインビボでBdnfレベルを調整することを実証する。
Claims (18)
- 生物系において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現をアップレギュレートするための医薬製剤の製造における少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの使用であって、前記使用は、
前記生物系を前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドと接触させる工程を含み、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、長さが10乃至30ヌクレオチドであり、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、前記BDNFポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドの225ヌクレオチドの重複領域において、前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに対して少なくとも90%の相補性があり、特異的にハイブリダイズし、および、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドはSEQ ID NO:16、17、19、20、23、24、27、29および30のいずれか1つの配列を有する、使用。 - インビトロまたはインビボでの患者の細胞または組織において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現をアップレギュレートするための医薬製剤の製造における少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの使用であって、前記使用は、
前記患者の細胞または組織を前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドと接触させる工程を含み、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、長さが10乃至30ヌクレオチドであり、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、前記BDNFポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドの225ヌクレオチドの重複領域において、前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに対して少なくとも90%の相補性があり、特異的にハイブリダイズし、および、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドはSEQ ID NO:16、17、19、20、23、24、27、29および30のいずれか1つの配列を有する、使用。 - 患者において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現をアップレギュレートするための医薬製剤の製造における少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの使用であって、前記使用は、
前記患者に前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを投与する工程を含み、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、長さが10乃至30ヌクレオチドであり、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、前記BDNFポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドの225ヌクレオチドの重複領域において、前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに対して少なくとも90%の相補性があり、特異的にハイブリダイズし、および、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドはSEQ ID NO:16、17、19、20、23、24、27、29および30のいずれか1つの配列を有する、使用。 - 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオシド間連結、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される1つ以上の修飾を含む、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記1つ以上の修飾は、2’−O−メトキシエチル修飾された糖部分、2’−メトキシ修飾された糖部分、2’−O−アルキル修飾された糖部分、二環式糖部分、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項4に記載の使用。
- 前記1つ以上の修飾は、ホスホロチオエート、アルキルホスホネート、ホスホロジチオエート、アルキルホスノチオエート、ホスホルアミデート、カルバメート、炭酸塩、ホスホトリエステル、アセタミダート、カルボキシメチルエステル、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオシド間連結を含む、請求項4に記載の使用。
- 前記1つ以上の修飾は、ペプチド核酸(PNA)、ロックド核酸(LNA)、アラビノ‐核酸(FANA)、アナログ、誘導体、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項4に記載の使用。
- 前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドは、SEQ ID NO:3の1乃至1279、SEQ ID NO:4の1乃至1478、SEQ ID NO:5の1乃至1437、SEQ ID NO:6の1乃至2322、SEQ ID NO:7の1乃至2036、SEQ ID NO:8の1乃至2364、SEQ ID NO:10の1乃至906、およびSEQ ID NO:11の1乃至992のヌクレオチドからなる群から選択される配列から本質的になる配列を有する、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、SEQ ID NO:16、19、および23の1つの配列を含む、請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 神経細胞の生存、神経細胞の増殖、またはその両方はアップレギュレートされる、請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- BDNFポリヌクレオチドの発現は、海馬、前頭皮質、またはその両方においてアップレギュレートされる、請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 少なくとも1つの修飾を含む、長さが12乃至30ヌクレオチドの合成の修飾オリゴヌクレオチドであって、少なくとも1つの修飾は、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド間連結、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択され、前記オリゴヌクレオチドは、BDNFポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドにハイブリダイズするアンチセンス化合物であり、正常対照と比較して、インビボまたはインビトロでの脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)遺伝子の発現をアップレギュレートし、前記オリゴヌクレオチドは、BDNFポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドの225ヌクレオチドの重複領域において、前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに対して少なくとも90%の相補性があり、特異的にハイブリダイズし、および、前記オリゴヌクレオチドはSEQ ID NO:16、17、19、20、23、24、27、29および30のいずれか1つの配列を有する、オリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドは、SEQ ID NO:3の1乃至1279、SEQ ID NO:4の1乃至1478、SEQ ID NO:5の1乃至1437、SEQ ID NO:6の1乃至2322、SEQ ID NO:7の1乃至2036、SEQ ID NO:8の1乃至2364、SEQ ID NO:10の1乃至906、およびSEQ ID NO:11の1乃至992のヌクレオチドからなる群から選択される配列から本質的になる配列を有する、請求項12に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 請求項12または13に記載の少なくとも1つの修飾オリゴヌクレオチドを含む、インビボまたはインビトロでの患者の細胞または組織において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現をアップレギュレートするための組成物。
- 請求項13または14に記載の少なくとも1つの修飾オリゴヌクレオチドを含む、生物系において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現をアップレギュレートするための組成物。
- 請求項13または14に記載の少なくとも1つの修飾オリゴヌクレオチドを含む、患者において脳由来神経栄養因子(BDNF)ポリヌクレオチドの発現に関係する疾患を処置するための組成物。
- 神経細胞の生存、神経細胞の増殖、またはその両方はアップレギュレートされる、請求項12または13に記載のオリゴヌクレオチドまたは請求項15乃至17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- BDNFポリヌクレオチドの発現は、海馬、前頭皮質、またはその両方においてアップレギュレートされる、請求項12または13に記載のオリゴヌクレオチドまたは請求項15乃至17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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US11584932B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2023-02-21 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | 5-halouracil-modified microRNAs and their use in the treatment of cancer |
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US20170211071A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
HK1210211A1 (en) | 2016-04-15 |
EP2825648B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
JP2018110582A (ja) | 2018-07-19 |
RU2014140112A (ru) | 2016-05-10 |
WO2013138374A2 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
CA2867262A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
KR20140136488A (ko) | 2014-11-28 |
CA2867262C (en) | 2021-03-16 |
DK2825648T3 (en) | 2018-10-15 |
ES2694592T3 (es) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2015511494A (ja) | 2015-04-20 |
CN110438125A (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
US10214745B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
CN104583405A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
PL2825648T3 (pl) | 2019-01-31 |
EP2825648A2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
US20150031750A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
HUE040179T2 (hu) | 2019-02-28 |
WO2013138374A3 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
TR201815503T4 (tr) | 2018-11-21 |
RU2661104C2 (ru) | 2018-07-11 |
PT2825648T (pt) | 2018-11-09 |
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