JP6797166B2 - めっき浴および方法 - Google Patents
めっき浴および方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6797166B2 JP6797166B2 JP2018207674A JP2018207674A JP6797166B2 JP 6797166 B2 JP6797166 B2 JP 6797166B2 JP 2018207674 A JP2018207674 A JP 2018207674A JP 2018207674 A JP2018207674 A JP 2018207674A JP 6797166 B2 JP6797166 B2 JP 6797166B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- alkyl
- formula
- containing compounds
- imidazole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 47
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- -1 nitrogen-containing compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1 JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XGDRLCRGKUCBQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC=1N=CNC=1C#N XGDRLCRGKUCBQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZUGAIMFLQLPTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyridin-3-ylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CN=C1 ZUGAIMFLQLPTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAJJXHRQPLATMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-1h-imidazole Chemical compound ClC=1N=CNC=1Cl QAJJXHRQPLATMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WWFMINHWJYHXHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC(CO)=N1 WWFMINHWJYHXHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PQAMFDRRWURCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CCC1=NC=CN1 PQAMFDRRWURCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NHFQUMYGFXFXEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine;4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1.CC1=CC=CC=N1 NHFQUMYGFXFXEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FUOZJYASZOSONT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NC=CN1 FUOZJYASZOSONT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- SWDBYQPERYMOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC1=NC=CN1 SWDBYQPERYMOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005529 alkyleneoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 0 CC(C1)OC1ONOCC1OC1* Chemical compound CC(C1)OC1ONOCC1OC1* 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000000183 1,3-benzoxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YQMXOIAIYXXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-ol Chemical compound C1C(O)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 YQMXOIAIYXXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LLPKQRMDOFYSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=CN=C(C)N1 LLPKQRMDOFYSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UUODQIKUTGWMPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=N1 UUODQIKUTGWMPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHLKOHSAWQPOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound N1C=NC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XHLKOHSAWQPOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940111121 antirheumatic drug quinolines Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BSXVKCJAIJZTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O BSXVKCJAIJZTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical class C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002916 oxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003235 pyrrolidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006526 (C1-C2) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006755 (C2-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006558 (C6-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylsulfonio)acetate Chemical compound C[S+](C)CC([O-])=O PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SILNNFMWIMZVEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(O)=NC2=C1 SILNNFMWIMZVEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1 AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEEACTTWORLLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CNC=N1 HEEACTTWORLLPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHGUSQPDQPUNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,2-disulfoethyldisulfanyl)ethane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CSSCC(S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O MHGUSQPDQPUNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYAQQHMVACMQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CCCCC1COCC1CO1 YYAQQHMVACMQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDZYRENCLPUXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C)=NC2=C1 LDZYRENCLPUXAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MILSYCKGLDDVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpropan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MILSYCKGLDDVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXEXMVJHQLWNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,3-disulfopropyldisulfanyl)propane-1,1-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CCSSCCC(S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O YXEXMVJHQLWNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRBSVISDQAINGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SCCCS(O)(=O)=O WRBSVISDQAINGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEBJQTUIJTGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)CCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 REEBJQTUIJTGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC=1N=CNC=1C YSWBFLWKAIRHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001054 5 membered carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NJQHZENQKNIRSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CCC1=CNC=N1 NJQHZENQKNIRSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004008 6 membered carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RLYBFHFTNYIBMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C=1NC=C(N1)C.C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC=1NC=CN1 Chemical compound C(C)C=1NC=C(N1)C.C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC=1NC=CN1 RLYBFHFTNYIBMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical compound [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical class C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWFRZGJUJSOHGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].[Cu].[Sn] Chemical compound [Bi].[Cu].[Sn] ZWFRZGJUJSOHGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940108925 copper gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MRYMYQPDGZIGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 MRYMYQPDGZIGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RIOSFUBRIQHOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOSFUBRIQHOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SSOVMNXYUYFJBU-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCS([O-])(=O)=O SSOVMNXYUYFJBU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MNEVGNCIZWZKLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;phenol Chemical compound [Cu].OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 MNEVGNCIZWZKLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPSDYIWFLLIHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCS([O-])(=O)=O NPSDYIWFLLIHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NISGSNTVMOOSJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC1 NISGSNTVMOOSJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBLYEVLMRSPMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCC1 UBLYEVLMRSPMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BQQUFAMSJAKLNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclopentadiene diepoxide Chemical compound C12C(C3OC33)CC3C2CC2C1O2 BQQUFAMSJAKLNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000454 electroless metal deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QDYTUZCWBJRHKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole-4-methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CNC=N1 QDYTUZCWBJRHKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002780 morpholines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940044652 phenolsulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SOUPVZCONBCBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;3-sulfanylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCCS SOUPVZCONBCBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FRTIVUOKBXDGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-sulfanylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCCS FRTIVUOKBXDGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KQFAFFYKLIBKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCS([O-])(=O)=O KQFAFFYKLIBKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NPAWNPCNZAPTKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCS([O-])(=O)=O NPAWNPCNZAPTKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940036565 thiouracil antithyroid preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/125—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/13—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/423—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by electroplating method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/421—Blind plated via connections
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Description
(式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、Cy、R12CyR12もしくは(R13O)aCy(OR13)a;r=1〜4;Ar=(C6−C18)アリール;Cy=(C5−C12)シクロアルキル;各R12は(C1−C8)アルキルを表し;各R13は(C2−C6)アルキレンオキシを表し;各a=1〜10;並びに、Aは(C5−C12)シクロアルキルを表す)
の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物との反応生成物を提供する。
本発明は、銅イオン源、電解質および平滑化剤を含む銅電気めっき浴であって、平滑化剤が1種以上の窒素含有化合物と式(I)もしくは(II):
(式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、Cy、R12CyR12もしくは(R13O)aCy(OR13)a;r=1〜4;Ar=(C6−C18)アリール;Cy=(C5−C12)シクロアルキル;各R12は(C1−C8)アルキルを表し;各R13は(C2−C6)アルキレンオキシを表し;各a=1〜10;並びに、Aは(C5−C12)シクロアルキルを表す)
の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物との反応生成物である、銅電気めっき浴も提供する。
本発明は、銅イオン源、電解質および平滑化剤を含む銅電気めっき浴であって、平滑化剤が1種以上の窒素含有化合物と式(I)もしくは(II):
(式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、Cy、R12CyR12もしくは(R13O)aCy(OR13)a;r=1〜4;Ar=(C6−C18)アリール;Cy=(C5−C12)シクロアルキル;各R12は(C1−C8)アルキルを表し;各R13は(C2−C6)アルキレンオキシを表し;各a=1〜10;並びに、Aは(C5−C12)シクロアルキルを表す)
の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物との反応生成物である、銅電気めっき浴中の銅とめっきされる基体とを接触させ;並びに、基体上に銅層を堆積させるのに充分な時間にわたって電流密度を適用する:ことを含む、基体上に銅を堆積する方法をさらに提供する。
(式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、Cy、R12CyR12もしくは(R13O)aCy(OR13)a;r=1〜4;Ar=(C6−C18)アリール;Cy=(C5−C12)シクロアルキル;各R12は(C1−C8)アルキルを表し;各R13は(C2−C6)アルキレンオキシを表し;各a=1〜10;並びに、Aは(C5−C12)シクロアルキルを表す)
の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物との反応生成物である。銅めっき浴は、典型的には、ハライドイオン源、促進剤および抑制剤も含む。
(式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、Cy、R12CyR12もしくは(R13O)aCy(OR13)a;r=1〜4;Ar=(C6−C18)アリール;Cy=(C5−C12)シクロアルキル;各R12は(C1−C8)アルキルを表し;各R13は(C2−C6)アルキレンオキシを表し;各a=1〜10;並びに、Aは(C5−C12)シクロアルキルを表す)
の化合物である。好ましくは、ZはAr、R12OArOR12、(R13O)aAr(OR13)a、もしくはR12CyR12である。好ましくは、r=1〜3、より好ましくは1〜2である。各Ar基は場合によっては、1以上の水素を置換基、例えば、これに限定されないが、(C1−C4)アルキル、(C1−C4)アルコキシおよびハロゲンで置き換えることによって置換されることができる。Arは好ましくは(C6−C15)アリールである。典型的なアリール基には、これに限定されないが、フェニル、メチルフェニル、ナフチル、ピリジニル、ビスフェニルメタン、および2,2−ビスフェニル−プロパンが挙げられる。Cyは好ましくは(C6−C8)シクロアルキルである。Aについての(C5−C12)シクロアルキル基は、単環式、スピロ環式、縮合および/または二環式基であることができる。好ましくは、Aは(C8−C10)シクロアルキル、より好ましくはシクロオクチルである。各R12は好ましくは(C1−C6)アルキル、より好ましくは(C1−C4)アルキルである。各R13は好ましくは(C2−C4)アルキレンオキシである。a=1〜8が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜6、さらにより好ましくは1〜4である。
式中、Y1およびY2は独立してHおよび(C1−C4)アルキルから選択され;各R6およびR7は独立してH、CH3およびOHから選択され;各R11は(C1−C4)アルキルもしくは(C1−C4)アルコキシを表し;b=0〜4;p=1〜6;並びにq=0または1である。Y1およびY2は好ましくは独立してHおよび(C1−C2)アルキルから選択される。より好ましくは、Y1およびY2は両方ともHである。p=1〜4が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜3、さらにより好ましくは1〜2である。q=0の場合には環構造は5員炭素環式環であり、q=1の場合には環構造は6員炭素環式環である。式Idの典型的な化合物は、1,2−シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル、および1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル、および好ましくは1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテルである。
の化合物が挙げられる。式IIの他の好ましい化合物には、ジシクロペンタジエンジオキシドおよび1,6−ジエポキシシクロデカンが挙げられる。
レゾルシノールジグリシジルエーテル(94.5mmol)、150mmolのイミダゾールおよび10mLのジエチレングリコールが室温で、加熱浴にセットされた丸底反応フラスコに入れられた。次いで、40mLのDI水がこのフラスコに添加された。加熱浴の温度を98℃に設定した。最初に形成された白色懸濁物は、反応温度が上昇するにつれて徐々に溶解し、透明な琥珀色の溶液になった。この反応混合物は5時間加熱され、室温でさらに8時間攪拌を続けた。この反応生成物(反応生成物1)はさらに精製することなく使用された。この反応生成物についての特徴データは以下の表1に示される。この生成物の実際のストック溶液は溶媒として水を使用して調製された。
2,4−ジメチルイミダゾール(100mmol)、56.7mmolの1,4−ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテルおよび6.3mLのレゾルシノールジグリシジルエーテルが室温で、加熱浴にセットされた丸底反応フラスコに入れられた。次いで、15mLのDI水がこのフラスコに添加された。加熱浴の温度を95℃に設定した。反応混合物は6時間加熱され、室温でさらに8時間攪拌を続けた。この反応生成物化(琥珀色)(反応生成物9)はさらに精製することなく使用された。この反応生成物についての特徴データは以下の表1に示される。この生成物の実際のストック溶液は溶媒としてDI水を使用して調製された。
反応生成物2〜8は実施例1または2の手順に従って製造された。成分のモル比および反応生成物の特徴データが表1に示される。反応生成物のUV−吸収がアジレント(Agilent)8453分光光度計を用いて水中で測定され、そしてλmax(nm)は以下の表に報告される。
表2における反応生成物は実施例1または2の手順に従って製造されると予想される。以下の略語が表2において使用される:t−Bu=ターシャリーブチル;Pr=プロピル;Me=メチル;Et=エチル;およびPh=フェニル。
イミダゾールをアミン化合物として、およびエピクロロヒドリンをエポキシ含有化合物として、1:2のモル比で使用して、実施例1の手順に概して従って、従来の平滑化剤である比較反応生成物C−1が製造された。
75g/L銅(硫酸銅五水和物として)、240g/Lの硫酸、60ppmのクロリドイオン、1〜3ppmの促進剤および1.5g/Lの抑制剤を一緒にすることにより様々な銅めっき浴が製造された。促進剤は、スルホン酸基および1000未満の分子量を有するジスルフィド化合物であった。抑制剤は、5,000未満の分子量および1つの末端エーテル基を有するEO/POコポリマーであった。各めっき浴は、例1、2、3もしくは5からの反応生成物も表3に報告される様な量で含んでいた。各めっき浴に使用された促進剤(ACC.)の具体的な量も表3に報告される。
スルーホールを有する両面FR4 PCB(5×9.5cm)のサンプル(厚み3.2mmまたは1.6mmのいずれか)が、実施例6に従った銅めっき浴を使用するハーリングセル内でめっきされた。3.2mm厚のサンプルは直径0.3mmのスルーホールを有しており、1.6mm厚のサンプルは直径0.25mmのスルーホールを有していた。それぞれの浴の温度は25℃であった。2.16A/dm2(20A/ft2)または3.24A/dm2(30A/ft2)の電流密度がそれぞれの浴に80分間にわたって適用された。銅めっきされたサンプルは分析されて、以下の方法に従って、めっき浴の均一電着性(TP)、ノジュール形成、およびクラッキングパーセントを決定した。結果が表3に報告される。
Claims (7)
- 銅イオン源;
電解質;並びに、
平滑化剤として1種以上の窒素含有化合物と、式(Ia)、(Id)もしくは(II)の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物および任意に式(Io)のエポキシド含有化合物との、付加反応生成物であって、
前記窒素含有化合物がイミダゾール;2−フェニルイミダゾール;2−メチルイミダゾール;4,5−ジシアノイミダゾール;2−エチルイミダゾール;2−イソプロピルイミダゾール;4,5−ジクロロイミダゾール;2−(ナフチルメチル)イミダゾール;ベンズイミダゾール;ピリジン;2,6−ピリジンジメタノール;3−ピリジンプロパノール;2−メチルピリジン;4−メチルピリジン;2,4−ジメチルピリジン;トリアゾール;ベンゾトリアゾール;およびテトラゾールから選択され、ここで前記4,5−ジシアノイミダゾール、4,5−ジクロロイミダゾール、ピリジン、2,6−ピリジンジメタノール、3−ピリジンプロパノール、2−メチルピリジン、4−メチルピリジン、2,4−ジメチルピリジン、トリアゾール、ベンゾトリアゾールおよびテトラゾールの環上の1以上の水素原子は、ハロ、シアノ、(C1−C4)アルキル、ヒドロキシ(C1−C4)アルキル、アリールおよびアリール(C1−C4)アルキルからなる群から選択される1以上の置換基によって置き換えられていてもよい、付加反応生成物;
を含む銅電気めっき浴。 - 銅イオン源;
電解質;並びに、
平滑化剤として1種以上の窒素含有化合物と、式(Ia)、(Id)もしくは(II)の1種以上のエポキシド含有化合物および任意に式(Io)のエポキシド含有化合物との、付加反応生成物であって、
前記窒素含有化合物がイミダゾール;2−フェニルイミダゾール;2−メチルイミダゾール;4,5−ジシアノイミダゾール;2−エチルイミダゾール;2−イソプロピルイミダゾール;4,5−ジクロロイミダゾール;2−(ナフチルメチル)イミダゾール;ベンズイミダゾール;ピリジン;2,6−ピリジンジメタノール;3−ピリジンプロパノール;2−メチルピリジン;4−メチルピリジン;2,4−ジメチルピリジン;トリアゾール;ベンゾトリアゾール;およびテトラゾールから選択さる、付加反応生成物;
を含む銅電気めっき浴。 - 付加反応生成物の数平均分子量が500〜10,000である、請求項1または2に記載の銅電気めっき浴。
- 第二の平滑化剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の銅電気めっき浴。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の銅電気めっき浴とめっきされる基体とを接触させ;並びに、基体上に銅層を堆積させるのに充分な時間にわたって電流密度を適用する;ことを含む、基体上に銅を堆積する方法。
- 基体がプリント回路板である請求項5に記載の方法。
- プリント回路板がスルーホールを含む請求項6に記載の方法。
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EP2366686B1 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
KR20110103894A (ko) | 2011-09-21 |
JP2011207878A (ja) | 2011-10-20 |
JP2019052374A (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
TW201139397A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
EP2366686A2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
KR101739417B1 (ko) | 2017-05-24 |
US20110220514A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
EP2366686A3 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
CN102276796B (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
US8268157B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
TWI428329B (zh) | 2014-03-01 |
CN102276796A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
JP2017061487A (ja) | 2017-03-30 |
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