JP6781973B2 - 腎臓病進行抑制細胞シート組成物、その製造方法、及び、それを用いた腎臓病進行抑制方法 - Google Patents
腎臓病進行抑制細胞シート組成物、その製造方法、及び、それを用いた腎臓病進行抑制方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[2] 腎臓の線維被膜下に適用されるように用いられることを特徴とする、[1]に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[3] 前記腎臓病が、糖尿病性腎症、腎硬化症、慢性糸球体腎炎、IgA腎症、閉塞性腎症、急速進行性糸球体腎炎、ループス腎炎、間質性腎炎からなる群から選択される1以上の腎疾患によって引き起こされる腎臓病である、[1]又は[2]に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[4] 前記細胞が、HGFタンパク質を発現する核酸がコードされたベクターが導入された細胞を含む、[1]〜[3]のいずれか1項に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[5] 前記細胞が、間葉系幹細胞を含む、[1]〜[5]のいずれか1項に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[6] 前記間葉系幹細胞が、臍帯血、胎盤、骨髄、脂肪組織、滑膜、歯髄及び/又は、多能性幹細胞由来の間葉系幹細胞である、[5]に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[7] 前記間葉系幹細胞が、骨髄由来幹細胞である、[5]に記載の細胞シート組成物。
[9] 前記工程(1)において、培養に用いられる培地が、アスコルビン酸又はその塩を含有する、[8]に記載の方法。
1.細胞シートの作成方法
1−1.遺伝子導入よるHGF産生機能を有する細胞の作製
1−1−1.hHGFタンパク質発現プラスミドベクターの構築
公知の遺伝子組換え方法により、図1に示す手順で遺伝子組換えを行った。以下、簡単に説明する。
(1)配列番号:1のアミノ酸配列をコードするヒトHGFcDNA及びその5’上流にSRαプロモーターを有するプラスミド(pUC−SRα/HGF(6.2kb)、参考:Seki T.,Hagiya M.,Simonishi M.,Nakamura T.,Shimizu S. Organization of human hepatocyte growth factor−encording gene. Gene 1991 Vol.102 213−219)より、制限酵素SalIにて核酸配列を切り出した。
(2)pcDNA3.1(+)(インビトロジェン社)から、制限酵素MfeI及びEcoRIを用いてPCMVを切り出した。
(3)pcDNA3.1(+)のマルチクローニングサイトを制限酵素XhoIで処理して(1)で得られた核酸断片をライゲーションした。
遺伝子導入よるHGF産生機能を有する細胞としてヒト中皮細胞株(Met−5A、SV40不死化細胞)へ上述のhHGF発現プラスミドベクターをリポフェクション(Lipofectamine(登録商標)、Invitrogen社)にて遺伝子導入し、G418にてクローニングした細胞であるMet−HGF細胞を抗生物質(ペニシリン・ストレプトマイシン、Sigma社)および0.15mg/L Hydrocortison(Sigma社、#H6909)と5mg/mL Insulin(Wako社)、500ng/mL G418(Invitrogen社) 10%牛胎児血清FBS(Japan Bio Serum社)を含むM199(Sigma社、#M4530)培養液(以下、「Met用培地」という。)にて培養を行った。遺伝子導入をされていないMet−5AはG418を除くMet用培地にて必要細胞数を増殖、培養を行った。
細胞シートは、1.2x106個の細胞数にて、Met用培地を用いて35mm温度応答性培養皿(UpCell(登録商標)、セルシード社)へ播種を行った。4日間37℃ CO2 5%インキュベーターにて培養後、20℃ CO2 5%インキュベーターにて1時間培養することで培養皿から剥離、腎臓病進行抑制細胞シートの回収を行った。
4〜6週令の雄GFP発現ラット(SD−Tg(CAG−EGFP)Rat)を犠牲死後、大腿骨骨髄液を23Gの注射針を用いて、抗生物質(ペニシリン・ストレプトマイシン、Sigma社)を含む10%FBS含有DMEM(Sigma社)(以下、「Complete medium」という。)を5mLシリンジに入れ、2回フラッシュすることで骨髄細胞を回収した。セルストレイナー(BD Falcon社)を用いて夾雑物を除去し、回収された細胞を遠心分離後、Complete medium 10mLで懸濁、100mm細胞培養皿(BD Falcon社)にて37℃ CO2 5%インキュベーター内に24時間培養した。24時間後に培養液を除き、PBS 5mLで3回洗うことにより、夾雑する赤血球を除去した。その後、再び10mLのComplete mediumにてコンフルエントまで4〜5日間培養し、継代を行った。3回のトリプシン・EDTAによる継代培養後の細胞を骨髄由来の間葉系細胞として細胞シートを作成した。
上述の方法で得た間葉系幹細胞を、3〜4×105個の細胞数にて、Complete mediumを用いて35mm温度応答性培養皿(UpCell(登録商標)、セルシード社)へ播種を行った。3日後に250μg/L アスコルビン酸(WAKO社、#013−19641)含有Complete mediumに培地交換を行った。再び3日後にアスコルビン酸含有Complete mediumに培地交換を行い、翌日(播種後7日目)20℃ CO2 5%インキュベーターにて10分程度培養することで培養皿から剥離し、細胞シートの回収を行った。
2−1.一側尿管結紮術モデル(Unilateral ureteral obstraction(以下、「UUO」という。)の作製
細胞シート移植はUUO作製
直後に行った。腎線維被膜をマイクロピンセットにて縦・約1.5cm、横・約0.8cm剥離し、腎機能維持細胞シートを用いて5週令rat腎に対し、2枚移植した。細胞シートはHGF産生機能を持たないMet−5A細胞シート、およびHGF産生機能を持つHGF−Met細胞シートを各々移植することでHGF有無による細胞シート移植効果の比較を行った。また、比較例として、腎線維被膜を剥離しないまま、腎皮膜上にHGF−Met細胞シートを移植した。
1週、2週、3週、4週間飼育後、麻酔下で尾静脈より300〜400μL造影剤(オムニパーク350、第一三共社)を投与し、小動物用μCTを用いて腎臓の容積(v)を解析した。容積は得られた画像より短軸(x)、長軸(y)および厚み(z)を測定し、得られた値から以下の式により算出した。
一定期間飼育後、各々の個体を麻酔下、腎門部血流量を小動物用エコー(Vevo(登録商標)2100)を用いて腎動脈半径と心拍数とPWモードのVTI(速度時間積分)を測定し、解析を行った。以下の式にパラメータを入れることで、算出した。
1分間の拍動数:同時に心電図で測定した心拍数
一回拍動時の血液の移動量:PWで腎動脈流速波形を描出し、一回拍動時の拡張末期から次の拡張末期までの流速波形と基線に囲まれた面積(=血液が動いた距離になる)を算出
VTI:Verocity−time integral;エコー画面上で計測。
UUO後、一定期間飼育後、腎臓は4%パラホルムアルデヒド(PFA)固定(武藤化学社、#33251)を用いて灌流固定し、採取した。採取した腎臓は4%PFA固定を行い、その後アルコール、キシレン、パラフィンと液体を置換することでパラフィン包埋を行った。パラフィン包埋し、作製したブロックは約3μm厚にて薄切切片とした。凍結切片作成時は4%PFA固定後、30%スクロース・PBS溶液に置換した腎を、OTCコンパウンドを用いて凍結ブロックとし、クライオスタッドによって5μm厚の切片にすることによって凍結切片とした。
パラフィン切片を脱パラフィン処理後、PAS染色、HE染色を行い、腎形態の観察を行った。線維化の評価はシリウスレッド染色にてコラーゲン繊維を赤色に染色することで解析した。筋線維芽細胞の検出はパーオキシデースブロッキング、およびブロッキングを行ったのち、αSMA抗体(clone 1A4、#M0851、DAKO社)を用いて行い、DAKO envisionを用いてDAB発色を行うことで茶褐色に呈色させることで解析した。得られた画像は画像解析ソフト(Photo shop(登録商標)、アドビ社)を用いて、色調にて陽性領域を選択し、選択領域の数値化をNIH Image Jを用いることで行い、対照群との比較を行った。移植後の細胞シートの確認は抗SV40抗体(Pab416、ab16879)を用いた染色によって検出した。
細胞シートより培養中に産生しているHGFはELISA法(R&D社)を用いることで定量解析を行った。移植中のラット内でのHGF産生はパラフィン切片でのHGF免疫染色(抗体は金沢大学より分与、参考:Yamada A, Mizuno S, Iwanari H et al. Rapid and sensitive enzymelinkedimmunosorbent assay for measurement of HGF in rat and human tissues. Biomed. Res.1995;16:105-14.)にて検出を行うことで確認した。
凍結切片をブロッキング後、抗RECA1抗体(Bio Rad社)を用いて血管内皮細胞を検出した。2次抗体はFITC conjugated 抗mouse IgG抗体(Jackson Immuno reseach社)を用いた。
(1)HGF遺伝子導入細胞シートによる腎機能維持の効果
実験方法の概要を図2(a)に示す。作製された遺伝子導入よるHGF産生機能を有する細胞シートは、24時間以内に200pg/mL/sheetの発現能を有していた(図3(b))。細胞シートは収縮した状態で回収されるため、2〜3層の重層化により厚さは30μm前後であった。本実施例で使用したMet−5A細胞及びMet−HGF細胞はSV40陽性であったため、移植後の検出にSV40免疫染色を用いた(図3(c)〜(e))。ratHGFに交差反応しない抗hHGF抗体を用いた組織染色により、確実に4週後の腎臓にHGF産生機能を有する細胞シート移植群ではhHGF分布が確認された(図3(f))。
(2)間葉系幹細胞シートによる腎機能維持の効果
上述の方法に従い、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞を含むGFP陽性細胞シートをUUOモデルへ移植した。図8から明らかであるように、骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞を含むGFP陽性細胞シートを移植することで、UUOによって生じる腎髄質の崩壊とその結果による腎皮質の菲薄化、および腎容積の尿圧迫による膨張が実施例1と同様に、著しく抑制され、腎髄質維持効果が確認された。
Claims (5)
- 肝細胞増殖因子(HGF)を産生する機能を有する細胞を含む、腎臓病進行抑制又は予防用細胞シート組成物であって、前記細胞は、HGFタンパク質を発現する核酸がコードされたベクターが導入された細胞であり、
腎臓の線維被膜を除去した後の前記腎臓の表面へ直接適用するための、細胞シート組成物。 - 前記腎臓病が、糖尿病性腎症、腎硬化症、慢性糸球体腎炎、IgA腎症、閉塞性腎症、急速進行性糸球体腎炎、ループス腎炎、間質性腎炎からなる群から選択される1以上の腎疾患によって引き起こされる腎臓病である、請求項1に記載の細胞シート組成物。
- 間葉系幹細胞をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の細胞シート組成物。
- 前記間葉系幹細胞が、臍帯血、胎盤、骨髄、脂肪組織、滑膜、歯髄及び/又は、多能性幹細胞由来の間葉系幹細胞である、請求項3に記載の細胞シート組成物。
- 前記間葉系幹細胞が、骨髄由来幹細胞である、請求項3に記載の細胞シート組成物。
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