JP6781630B2 - テトラアザトリフェニレン環構造を有する化合物、発光材料および有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
テトラアザトリフェニレン環構造を有する化合物、発光材料および有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6781630B2 JP6781630B2 JP2016513643A JP2016513643A JP6781630B2 JP 6781630 B2 JP6781630 B2 JP 6781630B2 JP 2016513643 A JP2016513643 A JP 2016513643A JP 2016513643 A JP2016513643 A JP 2016513643A JP 6781630 B2 JP6781630 B2 JP 6781630B2
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 141
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- -1 phenoxadinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 191
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 171
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 90
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 86
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 24
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 17
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 15
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 10
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004988 dibenzothienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 10
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000003960 triphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 10
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 9
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 8
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 7
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 7
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- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004623 carbolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N (1r,2r,4r)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-n-[(4-chlorophenyl)-(2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl]-4-morpholin-4-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(F)=CC(C(NC(=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@@H](CC2)N2CCOCC2)C=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MRQGLMMQSIYBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,11-dibromopyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical group BrC=1C=C2C=3N=CC=NC=3C3=CC(=CN=C3C2=NC=1)Br MRQGLMMQSIYBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 0 CC(C)(C)Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccc(*=C(C)C)cc1)c(cc1)ccc1-c(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1ccc(*)cc1 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccc(*=C(C)C)cc1)c(cc1)ccc1-c(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1ccc(*)cc1 0.000 description 3
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003609 aryl vinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- ZABORCXHTNWZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl]phenoxazine Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2N(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C2=NC(=NC(=N2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=C1C=CC=C2 ZABORCXHTNWZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IFZAYEPOLKDKNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione Chemical compound BrC1=CN=C2C3=NC=C(Br)C=C3C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1 IFZAYEPOLKDKNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006443 Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 125000003670 adamantan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C(C2([H])[H])([H])C([H])([H])C3([H])C([*])([H])C1([H])C([H])([H])C2([H])C3([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical class C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003113 cycloheptyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001887 cyclopentyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)O* 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical class [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
1993年にプリンストン大学のM.A.Baldoらは、イリジウム錯体を用いた燐光発光素子によって8%の外部量子効率を実現させた。
また、熱活性化遅延蛍光(TADF)による発光を利用する素子も開発されている。2011年に九州大学の安達らは、熱活性化遅延蛍光材料を用いた素子によって5.3%の外部量子効率を実現させた(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
そこで、遅延蛍光を示す材料を利用する有機EL素子が考えられる。ある種の蛍光物質は、系間交差などにより励起三重項状態へとエネルギーが遷移した後、三重項−三重項消滅あるいは熱エネルギーの吸収により、励起一重項状態に逆系間交差され蛍光を放射する。有機EL素子においては、後者の熱活性化型の遅延蛍光を示す材料が特に有用であると考えられる。ここで、有機EL素子に遅延蛍光材料を利用した場合、励起一重項状態の励起子は通常通り蛍光を放射する。一方、励起三重項状態の励起子は、デバイスが発する熱を吸収して励起一重項へ系間交差され蛍光を放射する。この場合、励起一重項からの発光であるため蛍光と同波長での発光でありながら、励起三重項状態から励起一重項状態への逆系間交差により、生じる光の寿命、すなわち発光寿命は通常の蛍光や燐光よりも長くなるため、これらよりも遅延した蛍光として観察される。これを遅延蛍光として定義できる。このような熱活性化型の励起子移動機構を用いること、すなわち、キャリア注入後に熱エネルギーの吸収を経ることにより、通常は25%しか生成しなかった励起一重項状態の化合物の比率を25%以上に引き上げることが可能となる。100℃未満の低い温度でも強い蛍光および遅延蛍光を発する化合物を用いれば、デバイスの熱で充分に励起三重項状態から励起一重項状態への系間交差が生じ、遅延蛍光を放射することから、発光効率が飛躍的に向上する(例えば、特許文献1および特許文献2参照)。
また、これらの基が有する置換基としては、カルバゾリル基、芳香族炭化水素基で置換されたジ置換アミノ基が好ましく、カルバゾリル基、ジフェニルアミノ基がより好ましい。
また、これらの基が有する置換基としては、カルバゾリル基、芳香族炭化水素基で置換されたジ置換アミノ基が好ましく、カルバゾリル基、ジフェニルアミノ基がより好ましい。
ここで、Z1〜Z4のいずれか1〜3個が窒素原子であるものとし、また、Z5〜Z8のいずれか1〜4個が窒素原子であるものとする。
この場合、Z1〜Z4のいずれか1つが窒素原子である場合、R3の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表し、Z1〜Z4のいずれか2つが窒素原子である場合、R2、R3の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表し、Z1〜Z4のいずれか3つが窒素原子である場合、R1、R2、R3の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表す。
同様に、Z5〜Z8のいずれか1つが窒素原子である場合、R4の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表し、Z5〜Z8のいずれか2つが窒素原子である場合、R4、R5の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表し、Z5〜Z8のいずれか3つが窒素原子である場合、R4、R5、R6の水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表し、Z5〜Z8のいずれか4つが窒素原子である場合、R4、R5、R6およびYの水素原子もしくは置換基が存在しないことを表す。
本発明の一般式(1)において、Z1〜Z4のいずれか1つが窒素原子であって、Z5〜Z8のいずれか1つが窒素原子であるものが好ましく、Z4およびZ5が窒素原子であるものがより好ましい。
なお、ブロモ化の試薬、条件を変更することによって、置換位置の異なるブロモ置換体を得ることができる。
同様に、出発物質である1,10−フェナントロリンに代えて、1,10−フェナントロリンの同族体である、フェナントロリン環上の窒素の位置が異なる異性体を用いることによって、テトラアザトリフェニレン環上の窒素の位置が異なる本発明のテトラアザトリフェニレン環構造を有する化合物を合成することができる。
窒素置換した反応容器に、1,10−フェナントロリン・一水和物(22g)、二塩化二硫黄(49g)、ピリジン(30mL)、1−クロロブタン(300mL)を加え、攪拌しながら臭素(57g)を滴下した。続いて、攪拌しながら加熱し、6時間加熱還流した。室温まで冷却した後、18Mの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(300mL)、クロロホルム(400mL)を加え、1時間室温で攪拌した後、セライトを助剤としてろ過を行った。抽出操作を行って、クロロホルム層を採取し、飽和食塩水を用いた洗浄を行った後、溶媒を留去した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製を行うことによって、3,8−ジブロモ−1,10−フェナントロリン(収率50%)を得た。
実施例1で合成した6,11−ジブロモ−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(1.0g)、3−(ジフェニルアミノ)カルバゾール(2.0g)、ナトリウム−tert−ブトキシド(0.6g)、トリ−tert−ブチルホスフィン(0.1g)、キシレン(60mL)を窒素置換した反応容器に加え、攪拌しながら反応液を脱気した後、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム・クロロホルム包接体(0.07g)を加えて加熱し、攪拌しながら5時間加熱還流した。放冷した後、メタノールを加え、析出する粗製物をろ過によって採取し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製を行うことによって、6,11−ビス{3−(ジフェニルアミノ)カルバゾール−9−イル}−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(化合物35)の黄白色粉末(収率10%)を得た。
実施例1で合成した6,11−ジブロモ−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(1.0g)、ジフェニルアミン(1.2g)、ナトリウム−tert−ブトキシド(0.6g)、トリ−tert−ブチルホスフィン(0.1g)、キシレン(60mL)を窒素置換した反応容器に加え、攪拌しながら反応液を脱気した後、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム・クロロホルム包接体(0.07g)を加えて加熱し、攪拌しながら5時間加熱還流した。放冷した後、メタノールを加え、析出する粗製物をろ過によって採取し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製を行うことによって、6,11−ビス(ジフェニルアミノ)−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(化合物4)の白色粉末(収率40%)を得た。
実施例1で合成した6,11−ジブロモ−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(1.0g)、カルバゾール(1.2g)、ナトリウム−tert−ブトキシド(0.6g)、トリ−tert−ブチルホスフィン(0.1g)、キシレン(60mL)を窒素置換した反応容器に加え、攪拌しながら反応液を脱気した後、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム・クロロホルム包接体(0.07g)を加えて加熱し、攪拌しながら5時間加熱還流した。放冷した後、メタノールを加え、析出する粗製物をろ過によって採取し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製を行うことによって、6,11−ビス(カルバゾール−9−イル)−1,4,8,9−テトラアザトリフェニレン(化合物3)の黄白色粉末(収率36%)を得た。
仕事関数
本発明実施例1の化合物 5.70eV
本発明実施例3の化合物 5.60eV
また、このトルエン溶液について、窒素の通気前後における小型蛍光寿命測定装置(浜松ホトニクス(株)製、Quantaurus−tau型)を用いた時間分解スペクトルを測定したところ、発光寿命が0.02μsの蛍光、そして発光寿命が1.08μsの遅延蛍光を観測した。
また、このトルエン溶液について、窒素の通気前後におけるフォトルミネッセンス(以後、PLと略称する。)量子効率を絶対PL量子収率測定装置(浜松ホトニクス(株)製、Quantaurus−QY型)を用いて、300Kで測定したところ、窒素通気前で2.9%、窒素通気後で9.1%であった。
また、PL量子効率は、窒素通気前で5.3%、窒素通気後で10.6%であった。
また、PL量子効率は、窒素通気前で13.3%、窒素通気後で19.2%であった。
また、PL量子効率は、窒素通気前で14.8%、窒素通気後で17.4%であった。
続いて、透明陽極2を覆うように正孔輸送層3として、NPDを蒸着速度2.0Å/secで膜厚35nmとなるように形成した。この正孔輸送層3の上に、発光層4としてmCPと本発明実施例1の化合物(化合物1)を、蒸着速度比がmCP:本発明実施例1の化合物(化合物1)=95:5となる蒸着速度で二元蒸着を行い、膜厚15nmとなるように形成した。この発光層4の上に、正孔阻止層5として前記PPTを蒸着速度2.0Å/secで膜厚10nmとなるように形成した。この正孔阻止層5の上に、電子輸送層6として前記TPBIを蒸着速度2.0Å/secで膜厚55nmとなるように形成した。この電子輸送層6の上に、電子注入層7としてフッ化リチウムを蒸着速度0.1Å/secで膜厚0.8nmとなるように形成した。最後に、アルミニウムを膜厚70nmとなるように蒸着して陰極8を形成した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行った。
比較のために、実施例12における発光層4の材料を、mCPと本発明実施例1の化合物(化合物1)からmCPと特開2010−505241号公報記載の下記構造式の化合物(比較化合物A)に代え、同様の条件で有機EL素子を作製した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行った。作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加したときの発光特性の測定結果を表1にまとめて示した。
2 透明陽極
3 正孔輸送層
4 発光層
5 正孔阻止層
6 電子輸送層
7 電子注入層
8 陰極
Claims (12)
- 下記一般式(1a)で表されるテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物。
(式中、X、Yは相互に同一でも異なってもよく、置換もしくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナジニル基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基を表し、R1〜R2、R5〜R8は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、重水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数2ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基であって、隣り合う基同士で、単結合、置換もしくは無置換のメチレン基、酸素原子または硫黄原子を介して互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。) - 下記一般式(1a−1)で表される請求項1記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物。
(式中、X、Yは相互に同一でも異なってもよく、置換もしくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナジニル基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基を表し、R1〜R2、R5〜R8は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、重水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数2ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基であって、隣り合う基同士で、単結合、置換もしくは無置換のメチレン基、酸素原子または硫黄原子を介して互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。) - 下記一般式(1a−2)で表される請求項1記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物。
(式中、X、Yは相互に同一でも異なってもよく、置換もしくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナジニル基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基を表し、R1〜R2、R5〜R8は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、重水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数2ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基であって、隣り合う基同士で、単結合、置換もしくは無置換のメチレン基、酸素原子または硫黄原子を介して互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。) - 下記一般式(1a−3)で表される請求項1記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物。
(式中、X、Yは相互に同一でも異なってもよく、置換もしくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナジニル基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基を表し、R1〜R2、R5〜R8は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、重水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数2ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基であって、隣り合う基同士で、単結合、置換もしくは無置換のメチレン基、酸素原子または硫黄原子を介して互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。) - 下記一般式(1a−4)で表される請求項1記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物。
(式中、X、Yは相互に同一でも異なってもよく、置換もしくは無置換のカルバゾリル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェノチアジニル基、アクリジニル基、フェナジニル基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基を表し、R1〜R2、R5〜R8は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、重水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数2ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1ないし6の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数5ないし10のシクロアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基、置換もしくは無置換の芳香族複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の縮合多環芳香族基、置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基、または芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基もしくは縮合多環芳香族基から選ばれる基によって置換されたジ置換アミノ基であって、隣り合う基同士で、単結合、置換もしくは無置換のメチレン基、酸素原子または硫黄原子を介して互いに結合して環を形成してもよい。) - 前記請求項1に記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物からなる発光材料。
- 遅延蛍光を放射する請求項6記載の発光材料。
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた少なくとも一層の有機層を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、前記請求項1に記載のテトラアザトリフェニレン化合物が、少なくとも1つの有機層の構成材料として用いられている有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記した有機層が発光層である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記した発光層が遅延蛍光を放射する請求項9記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記した有機層が電子輸送層である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記した有機層が正孔阻止層である請求項8記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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