JP6775667B2 - 水からペル及びポリフルオロアルキル物質(pfas)を除去し濃縮するための持続可能なシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
水からペル及びポリフルオロアルキル物質(pfas)を除去し濃縮するための持続可能なシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000012492 regenerant Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
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- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- YPJUNDFVDDCYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutyric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YPJUNDFVDDCYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQSJUQMCZHVKES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-iodopyrimidin-4-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC(I)=NC=N1 LQSJUQMCZHVKES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorononanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UZUFPBIDKMEQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
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- OYGQVDSRYXATEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoroheptane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F OYGQVDSRYXATEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SASJUHYALINSSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(F)C(O)=O SASJUHYALINSSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010067125 Liver injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000234 hepatic damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008818 liver damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical group C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroheptanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXUULQAPEKKVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F PXUULQAPEKKVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/04—Processes using organic exchangers
- B01J41/05—Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly basic form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/08—Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/12—Macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/50—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
- B01J49/57—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for anionic exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L1/00—Enclosures; Chambers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
本出願は、§119、120、363、365、並びに37C.F.R.§1.55及び§1.78に基づき2017年4月3日に出願された米国特許出願第15/477,350号の利益及び優先権を主張し、当該出願及び本出願はまた、35U.S.C.§§119、120、363、365、並びに37C.F.R.§1.55及び§1.78に基づき2016年4月13日に出願された米国仮出願第62/321,929号の利益及び優先権を主張し、米国特許出願第15/477,350号及び米国仮出願第62/321,929号はそれぞれ、この参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
102 アニオン交換容器
104 アニオン交換樹脂
108 PFASで汚染された水の流れ
108 ライン
110 ライン
112 最適化された再生剤溶液
114 再生剤溶液補給タンク
116 処理済み水の流れ
122 ライン
124 分離・回収サブシステム
126 回収再生剤溶液
128 ライン
130 蒸発サブシステム
132 回収溶媒
134 ライン
136 濃縮PFASと塩又は塩基と水の溶液
138 ライン
140 凝縮器
140 溶媒精製サブシステム
142 蒸留サブシステム
144 膜分離サブシステム
144 精製済み回収溶媒
150 高充填回収サブシステム
152 濃縮された塩又は塩基と水の溶液
156 サンプルタップ
158 サンプルタップ
160 容器
170 使用済み再生剤溶液
170 容器
Claims (25)
- 水からペル及びポリフルオロアルキル物質(PFAS)を除去し濃縮するためのシステムであって、
水からPFASを除去するように構成されたアニオン交換樹脂を含むアニオン交換容器;
PFASがアニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂に結合し、それにより水から除去されるようにPFASで汚染された水の流れを導入するように構成された、アニオン交換容器に連結されたライン;
溶媒、水並びに塩及び/又は塩基を含む再生剤溶液をアニオン交換容器に導入してアニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂からPFASを除去することによりアニオン交換樹脂を再生し、除去されたPFASと再生剤溶液を含む使用済み再生剤溶液を生成するように構成された、アニオン交換容器に連結された再生剤溶液ライン;
使用済み再生剤溶液を受け入れ、除去されたPFASを分離し濃縮して、
使用済み再生剤溶液中の溶媒の濃度よりも大きい溶媒の濃度を有する回収溶媒と、
除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含み、使用済み再生剤溶液中の除去されたPFASの濃度よりも大きい除去されたPFASの濃度を有し、使用済み再生剤溶液中の塩及び/又は塩基の濃度よりも大きい塩及び/又は塩基の濃度を有する溶液
を生産するように構成された分離・回収サブシステム;及び
除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含む溶液を受け入れ、追加的なアニオン交換容器中の追加的なアニオン交換樹脂に除去されたPFASを吸着することにより溶液から除去されたPFASを分離し、超濃縮PFAS廃棄物を創出するように構成された高充填回収サブシステム
を含む、システム。 - PFASが、脱着とアニオン交換を含む二重機構によりアニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂から除去される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 脱着が、アニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂の骨格からPFASの吸着された疎水性尾部を溶媒で置き換えるように構成された濃度の溶媒を有する再生剤溶液を供給する工程、及びPFASの親水性頭部を無機アニオンで置き換えるように構成された濃度の塩及び/又は塩基を供給する工程を含む、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 溶媒がアルコールを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- アニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂が、マクロ多孔性の強塩基アニオン交換樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 分離・回収サブシステムが、蒸発サブシステム、蒸留サブシステム、及び/又は膜分離サブシステムのうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 分離・回収サブシステムが、蒸発サブシステム及び/又は蒸留サブシステムのうちの1つ又は複数を含み、回収溶媒を凝縮させるように構成された、蒸発サブシステム及び/又は蒸留サブシステムに連結された凝縮器を更に含む、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 分離・回収サブシステムにラインによって連結され、分離・回収サブシステムから残留PFASを除去し、精製済み回収溶媒を供給するように構成された溶媒精製サブシステムを更に含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 溶媒精製サブシステムが、容器に収容されたアニオン性交換樹脂を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 高充填回収サブシステムが、塩及び/又は塩基と水の溶液を創出するように構成され、高充填回収サブシステムによって創出された溶液中の塩及び/又は塩基の濃度が、高充填回収サブシステムによって受け入れられた除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基並びに水を含む溶液中の塩及び/又は塩基の濃度よりも大きい、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- アニオン交換容器に高充填回収サブシステムを連結し、高充填回収サブシステムによって生産された塩及び/又は塩基と水の溶液が、高充填回収サブシステムからアニオン交換容器に移動することができるように構成されたラインをさらに含む、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 水からペル及びポリフルオロアルキル物質(PFAS)を除去し濃縮するための方法であって、
PFASがアニオン交換樹脂に結合し、それにより水から除去されるようにPFASで汚染された水を、アニオン交換樹脂を含むアニオン交換容器に導入する工程;
溶媒、水並びに塩及び/又は塩基を含む再生剤溶液をアニオン交換容器に導入してアニオン交換樹脂からPFASを除去することによりアニオン交換樹脂を再生し、除去されたPFASと再生剤溶液を含む使用済み再生剤溶液を生成する工程であって、
除去されたPFASを分離し濃縮して、
使用済み再生剤溶液中の溶媒の濃度よりも大きい溶媒の濃度を有する回収溶媒と、
除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含み、使用済み再生剤溶液中の除去されたPFASの濃度よりも大きい除去されたPFASの濃度を有し、使用済み再生剤溶液中の塩及び/又は塩基の濃度よりも大きい塩及び/又は塩基の濃度を有する溶液
を生産する工程;及び
除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含む溶液を、追加的なアニオン交換容器中の追加的なアニオン交換樹脂に除去されたPFASを吸着する高充填回収方法に供し、超濃縮PFAS廃棄物を創出する工程を含む、方法。 - PFASが、脱着とアニオン交換を含む二重機構によりアニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂から除去される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 脱着が、アニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂の骨格上のPFASの疎水性尾部を溶媒で置き換えるように構成された濃度の溶媒を供給する工程、及びPFASの親水性頭部をアニオンで置き換えるように構成された濃度のアニオンを供給する工程を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 溶媒がアルコールを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- アニオン交換容器中のアニオン交換樹脂が、マクロ多孔性の強塩基アニオン交換樹脂を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 分離・回収方法が、再生剤溶液の回収を最大化し、濃縮された脱着PFASの体積を最小化するように構成されている、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 分離・回収方法が、蒸発、蒸留、及び/又は膜分離のうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 分離・回収方法が、蒸発及び/又は蒸留のうちの1つ又は複数を含み、蒸発及び/又は蒸留が、使用済み再生剤溶液を凝縮する工程を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 分離・回収方法が、残留PFASを除去し、精製済み回収溶媒を供給する工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含む溶液を、高充填回収方法に供する工程が、除去されたPFAS、塩及び/又は塩基、並びに水を含む溶液中の塩及び/又は塩基の濃度よりも大きい塩及び/又は塩基の濃度を有する塩及び/又は塩基並びに水の溶液を更に創出する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- PFASが、少なくとも1種のペルフルオロアルキル物質を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- PFASが、少なくとも1種のポリフルオロアルキル物質を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- PFASが、少なくとも1種のペルフルオロアルキル物質と少なくとも1種のポリフルオロアルキル物質とを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- PFASが、ペルフルオロオクタン酸(PFOA)である、請求項12に記載の方法。
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