JP6627724B2 - 排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6627724B2 JP6627724B2 JP2016223494A JP2016223494A JP6627724B2 JP 6627724 B2 JP6627724 B2 JP 6627724B2 JP 2016223494 A JP2016223494 A JP 2016223494A JP 2016223494 A JP2016223494 A JP 2016223494A JP 6627724 B2 JP6627724 B2 JP 6627724B2
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 162
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 95
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の第1実施形態に関して、図1〜図8を用いて説明する。車両には、走行用駆動源として内燃機関、たとえばディーゼルエンジン10が搭載されている。ディーゼルエンジン10は、以下、単にエンジン10ということがある。また車両には、エンジン10の排気を浄化する装置として、排気浄化装置20が搭載されている。排気浄化装置20は、エンジン10から排出されるNOxを、アンモニアを還元剤に用いて還元浄化する。排気浄化装置20は、エンジン10の排気が通過する排気管11に設けられている。排気浄化装置20は、DOC(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst)21、DPF(Diesel Particulate Filter)22、尿素水噴射部23、SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)触媒24、および各種のセンサを備える。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に関して、図9および図10を用いて説明する。本実施形態では、噴射状態として噴射パルスの疎密を制御して、吸着させたい位置を制御する点に特徴を有する。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に関して、図11および図12を用いて説明する。本実施形態では、噴射状態として尿素水の温度を制御して、吸着させたい位置を制御する点に特徴を有する。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に関して、図13を用いて説明する。本実施形態では、NH3スリップのリスクが高い場合には、尿素水の噴射を停止するように制御する点に特徴を有する。
以上、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、本発明は前述した実施形態に何ら制限されることなく、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変形して実施することが可能である。
22…DPF 23…尿素水噴射部(添加部) 23a…噴射弁
23b…貯留タンク 23c…供給ポンプ 23d…供給配管
24…SCR触媒(NOx触媒) 25…ECU(制御部)
26…DCU(制御部) 31…NOxセンサ 33…排気温度センサ
L…軸方向 M…モデル S…分割面
Claims (6)
- 内燃機関(10)から排出されるNOxを、NH3を還元剤に用いて還元浄化する排気浄化装置(20)であって、
前記内燃機関の排気管(11)に設けられている選択還元型のNOx触媒(24)と、
前記排気管に設けられ、前記内燃機関の排気に対して前記NOx触媒の上流側で尿素水を添加する添加部(23)と、
前記添加部から添加される尿素水の添加状態を制御する制御部(25,26)と、を含み、
前記制御部は、
前記NOx触媒を軸方向(L)に交差する分割面(S)によって、複数のモデル(M)に仮想的に分割して、前記各モデルにおけるNH3の吸着率を算出し、
算出した吸着率を用いて、吸着率が低いモデルが優先的にNH3を吸着するように前記添加状態を制御する排気浄化装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記各モデルにおける温度を取得し、取得した温度を用いて前記NH3の吸着率を算出する請求項1に記載の排気浄化装置。
- 前記添加状態には、前記尿素水の噴射圧が含まれており、
前記制御部は、上流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先する場合には、下流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先させる場合よりも、前記噴射圧が高圧になるように前記添加部を制御する請求項1または2に記載の排気浄化装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記尿素水の目標噴射量を目標時間内に噴射するために噴射停止時間を設定して、分割噴射するように前記添加部を制御し、
前記添加状態には、前記噴射停止時間と分割数とが含まれており、
前記制御部は、上流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先する場合には、下流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先させる場合よりも、前記分割数を多くするように前記添加部を制御する請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化装置。 - 前記添加部は、添加される前の前記尿素水の温度を制御する温度調整機能を有し、
前記添加状態には、前記尿素水の温度が含まれており、
前記制御部は、上流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先する場合には、下流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先させる場合よりも、前記尿素水の温度が高くするように前記温度調整機能を制御する請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化装置。 - 前記制御部は、最も下流に位置する前記モデルの吸着率が所定の許容吸着率よりも高い場合には、上流に位置する前記モデルの吸着を優先させるように、または前記尿素水を添加を停止するように前記添加状態を制御する請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化装置。
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