JP6627546B2 - Vehicle interior materials and film for vehicle interior materials - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an interior material and a film for an interior material arranged in a vehicle interior of a vehicle or the like.

Generally, in the interior parts of automobiles, resin molded products such as instrument panels on which instruments such as speedometers, operation panels such as audio, air conditioners, and defrosters are arranged, are provided on the surface in order to improve the quality such as texture and appearance. Surface processing such as unevenness is performed.
Conventionally, as for interior parts of vehicles such as automobiles, low reflectivity has been emphasized in addition to design, and therefore, interior materials for vehicles having both design and low reflectivity have been demanded.

  For example, a pattern pattern is formed on the surface of the instrument panel by roll embossing or flat embossing, and a projection is formed on the convex surface of the pattern pattern to improve the appearance, and furthermore, the instrument. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known an instrument panel in which light incident on the surface of a panel is irregularly reflected so that a pattern pattern is hardly reflected on a windshield so as not to hinder driving.

  However, in the above-mentioned instrument panel, depending on the protruding shape and the arrangement interval formed on the convex surface of the pattern, the sunlight and the light of the headlight of the following vehicle may be dazzled and troublesome (Patent References 1 and 2).

JP 2010-253982 A JP 2014-234141 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and suppresses the reflection of sunlight and light such as headlights of a following vehicle, and does not cause glare due to reflected light during driving. It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a vehicle interior material capable of preventing an image or a pattern of a material or the like from being reflected.

  The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to solve the above-described problems. As a result, the low-reflection structure having a predetermined shape is provided on the surface of the interior material for a vehicle, so that sunlight and light such as headlights of a following vehicle are provided. The present inventors have found that it is possible to suppress the reflection of light, to prevent glare caused by the reflection, and to prevent reflection of interior materials and the like on windows, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to an interior material for a vehicle having a low-reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on the surface, wherein the groove has a shape in plan view of a groove opening, which is a region surrounded by a side surface of the groove. The average of the area when approximated to a polygon is in the range of 94000 nm ² or more and 131000 nm ² or less, and the dispersion of the maximum internal angle when the planar shape of the groove opening of the groove is approximated to octagon is 600 (°) ^2. The range is 1020 (°) ² or less, and the one of the groove portions and the one of the groove portions have the above-mentioned groove mouth portion at the position closest to the center of gravity when the planar view shape of the groove portion is approximated to an octagon. average distance between centers of gravity of the groove having a center of gravity is at 500nm or less, the dispersion of the distance between centers of gravity to provide a vehicle interior material, characterized in that at 8000 nm ² or more.
In this specification, a low-reflection structure in which a large number of grooves have the above-described predetermined parameter values may be referred to as a “predetermined low-reflection structure”.

According to the present invention, by having a predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface of the vehicle interior material, light can be reflected many times in the groove that forms the low-reflection structure, and a specific light can be reflected by interference. It is possible to suppress the intensity of the wavelength light from increasing.
For this reason, the vehicle interior material of the present invention can exhibit an excellent reflectance reduction effect with respect to light in a wide wavelength range, and reduces glare caused by reflection of sunlight and headlights of a following vehicle. In addition, it is possible to prevent the reflection of the interior material and the like on the window.

  In the above invention, it is preferable to have a colored resin substrate and a transparent film layer formed on the colored resin substrate, and to have the low reflection structure on the surface of the transparent film layer. Since the transparent film layer having a predetermined low reflection structure on the surface is formed on the colored resin substrate, excellent reflectivity for light in a wide wavelength range regardless of the color and brightness of the colored resin substrate. This is because a reduction effect can be obtained.

  In the above invention, it is preferable that the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure portion is 1.5% or less and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. This is because even if the viewing angle is greatly different depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material of the present invention, an excellent reflectance reduction effect can be achieved.

  In the above invention, it is preferable that the vehicle interior material is an instrument panel. Among the vehicle interior materials, the instrument panel is located in front of the driver, and the reflection of sunlight and light from the headlights of the following vehicle has the greatest influence on the driver's view. . Therefore, by applying the vehicle interior material of the present invention to an instrument panel, it is possible to achieve an excellent effect of reducing the reflectance, reduce the reflected light from the instrument panel surface, and install the instrument panel on the windshield. This is because reflection of an image can be prevented.

Further, the present invention is a film for a vehicle interior material having a low-reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on at least one surface of a transparent resin layer, wherein the grooves are regions surrounded by side surfaces of the grooves. The average of the area when the planar view shape of a certain groove opening is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 94000 nm ² or more and 131000 nm ² or less, and the maximum when the planar view shape of the groove opening of the groove is approximated to an octagon. The dispersion of the internal angle is in the range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less, and the center of gravity of the one groove portion and the groove opening of the one groove portion when approximated to an octagon in plan view is the most. average distance between centers of gravity of the groove having the center of gravity of the groove opening portion to close positions is at 500nm or less, a vehicle interior material for full, wherein the dispersion of the inter-centroid distance is 8000 nm ² or more To provide Lum.

According to the present invention, by having the predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface of the film for vehicle interior material, light can be reflected many times in the grooves constituting the low-reflection structure, and It is possible to suppress an increase in the intensity of light of a specific wavelength.
For this reason, the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention can exhibit an excellent reflectance reduction effect with respect to light in a wide wavelength range, and the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention can be applied to the surface of the vehicle interior material. , It is possible to reduce glare due to reflection of sunlight and light of headlights of a following vehicle, and to prevent reflection of interior materials and the like on windows.

  In the above invention, it is preferable that the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure portion is 1.5% or less and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. When the film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention is arranged on the surface of the vehicle interior material, even when the viewing angle is greatly different depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material, an excellent reflectance reduction effect is exhibited. This is because it becomes possible.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The vehicle interior material according to the present invention has an effect of reducing glare caused by reflection of sunlight and light of a headlight of a following vehicle and preventing reflection of the interior material or the like on a window. Play.

It is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the interior material for vehicles of the present invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing in the AA line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the groove part in the interior material for vehicles of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the groove part in the interior material for vehicles of this invention. It is an outline sectional view showing an example of the 1st mode of the interior material for vehicles of the present invention. It is an outline sectional view showing an example of the 2nd mode of the interior material for vehicles of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the vehicle interior material and the vehicle interior material film of the present invention will be described in detail.

A. Vehicle interior material The vehicle interior material of the present invention is a vehicle interior material having a low-reflection structure portion provided with a large number of grooves on the surface, wherein the groove is an area surrounded by a side surface of the groove. The average of the area when the planar shape of the portion is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 94000 nm ² or more and 131,000 nm ² or less, and the maximum internal angle when the planar shape of the groove opening of the groove is approximated to an octagon. The variance is in the range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less, and is closest to the center of gravity when the one-groove portion and the one-groove portion of the one-groove portion are approximated in an octagon in plan view. The average of the distance between the centers of gravity (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the distance between the nearest centers of gravity) of the groove opening portions and the center of gravity having the center of gravity at the position is 500 nm or less, and the dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity is 8000 nm ² or more Being It is characterized by the following.

The vehicle interior material of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a vehicle interior material of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle interior material 10 of the present invention has a low-reflection structure portion 3 having a large number of grooves 2 on the surface.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the low reflection structure 3, the many grooves 2 have a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position. Predetermined variations in the shapes and arrangement positions of the many grooves will be described later.

According to the present invention, by having a predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface of the vehicle interior material, light can be reflected many times in the groove that forms the low-reflection structure, and a specific light can be reflected by interference. It is possible to suppress the intensity of the wavelength light from increasing.
For this reason, the vehicle interior material of the present invention can exhibit an excellent reflectance reduction effect with respect to light in a wide wavelength range, and reduces glare caused by reflection of sunlight and headlights of a following vehicle. In addition, it is possible to prevent the reflection of the interior material and the like on the window.

The vehicle interior material of the present invention is generally constituted by at least a colored resin substrate, a first embodiment having the low-reflection structure on the surface of the colored resin substrate, the colored resin substrate, and the colored resin substrate It is roughly classified into a transparent film layer formed thereon and a second aspect having the transparent film layer and having the low reflection structure portion on the surface of the transparent film layer.
Hereinafter, each aspect of the vehicle interior material of the present invention will be described.

I. First Aspect A first aspect of the vehicle interior material of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as this aspect in this section) has the low-reflection structure on the surface of a colored resin base.
In this embodiment, the low reflection structure is formed directly on the surface of the colored resin substrate.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 described above exemplify the interior material for a vehicle of the present embodiment, and have a low reflection structure including a large number of grooves 2 on the surface of a colored resin base 1 constituting the interior material 10 for a vehicle. It has a part 3. The low reflection structure 3 is formed directly on the surface of the colored resin substrate 1.

According to this aspect, by having the predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface of the colored resin substrate, light can be reflected many times in the groove constituting the low-reflection structure, and a specific wavelength light can be reflected by interference. Can be prevented from increasing.
For this reason, the vehicle interior material of this embodiment can exhibit an excellent effect of reducing the reflectance with respect to light in a wide wavelength range, and reduce glare caused by reflection of sunlight and headlights of a following vehicle. In addition, it is possible to prevent the reflection of the interior material and the like on the window.

  Hereinafter, each configuration and manufacturing method of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment will be described.

1. Low-reflection structure section The low-reflection structure section in this embodiment has a large number of grooves. The large number of grooves have predetermined variations in shape and arrangement position.

The low-reflection structure is provided on the surface of the colored resin substrate. As described later, when the colored resin substrate in this embodiment is composed of a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material, the low-reflection structure is formed on the surface of the skin layer of the colored resin substrate.
Hereinafter, the details of the low-reflection structure in this embodiment will be described.

(1) Groove The groove in this aspect has a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position. Variations in the shapes and arrangement positions of a large number of grooves may be simply referred to as “(variations in (grooves)”).

Here, the variation of a large number of grooves is defined by quantifying the following three parameters.
The first parameter is based on the size of a groove portion (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a groove portion) which is a region surrounded by the side surface of the groove portion. As shown in FIG. 3A, the grooves 2 and 2 ′ have grooves D and D ′, which are regions surrounded by side surfaces, in the surface of the interior material for a vehicle. The fact that a large number of grooves have a predetermined variation means that, as shown in FIG. 3B, the area S when the planar shape of each of the groove openings D and D 'of the grooves 2 and 2' is approximated to an octagon. And S ′ mean within the range of 94000 nm ² or more and 131000 nm ² or less.
The second parameter depends on the shape of the groove. The fact that a large number of grooves have a predetermined variation means that, as shown in FIG. 3B, the dispersion of the maximum internal angle when the plan-view shapes of the groove openings D and D 'of the grooves 2 and 2' are approximated to an octagon. Is in the range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less.
The third parameter is based on the positional relationship between adjacent grooves. As shown in FIG. 3B, a large number of grooves have a predetermined variation means that, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the center of gravity O when the planar shape of one groove 2 and the groove opening D of one groove 2 is approximated to an octagon. The distance between the center of gravity and another groove 2 ′ having the center of gravity O ′ when the planar shape of the groove opening is approximated to an octagon at the position closest to the groove opening, that is, the average of the distance L _O between the closest centers of gravity is 500 nm This means that the dispersion of the distance L _O between closest centroids is 8000 nm ² or more.
FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the groove, and FIG. 3B is a schematic plan view when viewed from the groove opening side of the groove in FIG.

  That is, “a large number of grooves have a predetermined variation” means that the above-described first to third parameters are within the above-described predetermined range (hereinafter, may be referred to as a predetermined value). I do.

  In this embodiment, the number of grooves defines a low-reflection structure due to the degree of variation defined by the three parameters of “size of groove opening”, “shape of groove opening”, and “positional relationship between adjacent grooves”. Is determined. And since each parameter shows the above-mentioned predetermined value, many groove parts have predetermined dispersion, and a desired effect can be achieved in the low reflection structure part.

  Hereinafter, a method for quantifying parameters for defining variations in the shapes and arrangement positions of the groove portions and specific parameters will be described.

(A) Method for quantifying parameters The variation in the shape and arrangement position of the groove is calculated by extracting a desired score from a large number of grooves provided in the low reflection structure provided on the surface of the interior material for a vehicle according to the present embodiment. And quantified.
The grooves are extracted using a scanning electron microscope (hereinafter, referred to as SEM), an atomic force microscope (hereinafter, referred to as AFM), etc., at a magnification of 10,000 times, and the field of view is set vertically. 4 μm × 4 μm in width, the surface of the interior material for a vehicle having a low reflection structure portion (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a low reflection structure portion shaped surface) side is observed in a plan view, and the groove portion in the visual field range is observed. A method is used in which an in-plane array is detected in an image, and a desired score is extracted from the image.

Each parameter is calculated assuming that the minimum number of grooves extracted per one visual field range is 30 points. The greater the number of extraction points in the groove, the more preferable it is. Further, the number of detections of the visual field range for extracting the groove portion is 3 or more, preferably 5 or more, particularly 10 or more per desired unit area (2500 mm ² ) of the low reflection structure forming surface. Is preferred.
By defining the number of extraction points and the number of detections of the visual field range in the above ranges, the three parameters can be quantified with higher accuracy, and the variation in the shape and arrangement position of the groove can be accurately defined. is there.

Each parameter is quantified by the following procedure.
(I) First, the in-plane arrangement of the grooves is detected using SEM or AFM. A desired number of grooves is extracted from the detected in-plane arrangement, and for each groove, a planar shape of the groove opening, which is a region surrounded by the groove side surface, is detected. The planar shape of the groove opening can be detected from the contrast between black and white in the SEM image and from the contrast of light and dark in the AFM image.
Although a specific method of detecting the planar shape is not particularly limited, for example, the strength of an edge is calculated by calculating a gradient by a first derivative of the contrast in an image, and the locality of the edge is calculated from the direction of the gradient. It is possible to use a method of predicting a local change and searching for a location where the gradient in that direction is locally maximum.

(Ii) Subsequently, from the SEM image or the AFM image, the shape of the groove portion in plan view of each groove portion is approximated to an octagon. At this time, partially broken lines are complemented. As a complementing method, for example, a method of creating a closed space by providing a certain threshold value can be used.
The approximation of the planar shape of the groove opening can be applied to a conventionally known method used when approximating the shape from an image, and is not particularly limited.For example, template matching, generalized Hough transform, Douglas-Peucker method Etc. can be used.

  In template matching, a template representing a shape is prepared in advance, and a shape included in the image data is determined by examining a similarity index such as a correlation coefficient while moving the template with respect to image data to be subjected to image recognition. It is a technology to recognize. For an image approximation method using template matching, see, for example, "Takayuki Nakata, Bakuro, Naofuji Fujiwara:" Figure Recognition Using Log-Polar Transformation in 3D Environment ", IEICE Transactions on Electronics (D-II), Vol. .88, No.6, pp.985-993 (2005.6), "Fumihiko Saito:" Semiconductor chip image template matching by partial random search and adaptive search ", Journal of the Japan Society of Precision Engineering, Vol.61, No.11, pp. .1604-1608 (November 1995) ".

  The generalized Hough transform is a generalization of a Hough transform that determines a straight line that passes through feature points in image data most from infinitely existing straight lines, and is applied to a curve. Also, the shape of image data can be recognized using a reference table prepared in advance. Examples of image approximation methods using the generalized Hough transform include, for example, “Ballad.DH:“ GENERALIZING THE HOUGH TRANSFORM TO DETECT ARBITRARY SHAPES ”, Pattern Recognition, Vol.13, No.2, pp.111-122 (1981)” , “Akio Kimura, Takashi Watanabe:“ Generalized Huff Transform extended as an arbitrary figure detection method invariant to affine transformation ”, IEICE (D-II), Vol. J84-D-II, No. 5 , pp. 789-798 (2001.5) ".

  The Douglas-Peucker method is a method for performing shape recognition by broken line approximation. For an image approximation method using the Douglas-Peucker method, see, for example, “Wu. ST, MRG:“ A non-self-intersection Douglas-Peucker Algorithm ”, Proceeding of Sixteenth Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, IEEE, pp.60. -66 (2003) ".

(Iii) Next, for each groove, an area when the shape of the groove in the plan view is approximated to an octagon (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the area of the groove) is calculated, and the size of the groove is defined. I do. The area of the groove can be calculated from a comparison between the pixel size of the image scale and the number of pixels included in the octagon. The calculated area is statistically processed to determine an average value and a variance. Existing statistical software can be used for the statistical processing.
When calculating the average value and the variance of the area of the groove opening, it is desirable to exclude outliers. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following formula is 3 or more.
Standardized score = (Area of individual groove mouth-Average of area of groove mouth) / Standard deviation

(Iv) Next, for each groove, the maximum internal angle (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the maximum internal angle of the groove) when the planar shape of the groove is approximated to an octagon is extracted and averaged by statistical processing. By determining the value and the variance, the shape of the groove opening is defined. Existing statistical software can be used for the statistical processing.
When calculating the average value and the variance of the maximum interior angles, it is desirable to exclude outliers. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following formula is 3 or more.
Standardized score = (maximum interior angle of each groove mouth-average of maximum inside angle of groove mouth) / standard deviation

(V) Next, the positional relationship between adjacent grooves is defined. First, for each groove portion, the center of gravity when the planar shape of the groove opening is approximated to an octagon (the center of gravity of the groove opening approximated to an octagon in plan view. Hereinafter, the center of gravity of the groove opening may be referred to as the center of gravity. ) Is specified, and the position of the groove is defined. The center of gravity of the groove opening can be specified by the following method. First, as described above, the shape of the groove opening in plan view is approximated to an octagon, and a diagonal line is connected from one vertex of the octagon to divide the triangle into six triangles, and the center of gravity of each triangle is obtained. Next, the centers of gravity of the six triangles are connected to form a hexagon, and a diagonal line is connected from one vertex of the hexagon in the same manner to divide the triangle into four triangles, thereby obtaining the center of gravity of each triangle. Next, the centers of gravity of the four triangles are connected to form a quadrangle. Subsequently, the quadrangle is divided into two triangles by one diagonal line, the respective centers of gravity of the two triangles are obtained, and the two centroids are connected by a straight line. Similarly, the quadrangle is divided into two triangles by another diagonal line to obtain two triangles. Each center of gravity of one triangle is determined, and the two centers of gravity are connected by a straight line. The intersection of the two straight lines is the octagonal center of gravity, that is, the center of gravity of the groove opening.

(Vi) Subsequently, the position of the center of gravity of the groove opening of each groove is converted into coordinates. The position of the center of gravity of the groove opening can be converted into a coordinate using an SEM image or an AFM image as a coordinate plane. The origin and axis of the coordinates can be in any direction. For example, with the origin at the lower left in the SEM image or the AFM image, a desired direction (for example, the longitudinal direction of the low-reflection structure portion forming surface) in the surface where the groove is formed in the image is x from the origin. The direction orthogonal to the axis and the x-axis (for example, the short direction of the low-reflection structure forming surface) is defined as the y-axis. By using the image as the coordinate plane in this way, the position of the center of gravity of the groove opening of the groove can be converted to coordinates.

From the coordinates of the position of the center of gravity of the groove opening of each groove, the distance between the grooves between one specific groove and a plurality of adjacent grooves, that is, the distance between the centers of gravity is calculated. The distance between the centers of gravity can be calculated by the following formula, and the minimum distance among the calculated distances between the centers of gravity is defined as the “distance between closest centers of gravity” for a specific one groove portion.
Distance between the centers of gravity = {(x ₁ −x ₂ ) ² + (y ₁ −y ₂ ) ² } ^1/2 }
Note that x ₁ and y ₁ in the formula are an x coordinate and ay coordinate indicating the center of gravity of the groove opening of one specific groove. Further, x ₂ and y ₂ are the x and y coordinates indicate the position of the center of gravity of Mizoguchi portion of the groove adjacent to the groove of the one particular.
The distance between the centers of gravity can be calculated from a comparison between the pixel size of the scale of the SEM image or the AFM image and the number of pixels.

(Vii) The average distance and the variance of the distance between the closest centroids are calculated by extracting the distance between the nearest centroids of each groove portion by the above-mentioned method and performing statistical processing using existing spreadsheet software. It is desirable to exclude outliers when calculating the average value and variance of the distance between the closest centroids. The outlier means that the absolute value of the standardized score calculated by the following formula is 3 or more.
Standardized score = (distance between nearest centers of gravity of individual grooves-average value of distance between nearest centers of gravity) / standard deviation

In the present invention, the value of the variance calculated in the quantification of each parameter is a value calculated from a variance calculation formula calculated from an average value, which is generally used in statistics. That is, the value of the variance of each parameter can be calculated by dividing the sum of the square (x−m) ² of the difference (x−m) ² between the measured value x and the average value m of the measured values by the number of extraction points n. it can. Existing spreadsheet software can be used for the calculation, and the unit of variance can be usually represented by the square of the unit of the average value.

(B) Parameters Next, parameters that define variations in the shapes and arrangement positions of the grooves in this embodiment will be described.

(I) Size of Groove Portion The size of the groove portion is defined by the area when the planar shape of the groove portion is approximated to an octagon, that is, the area of the groove portion. The area of the groove portion is a portion indicated by S or S ′ in FIGS. 3B and 4A. FIG. 4 is a planar SEM image of the low-reflection structure shaped surface of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment.

The average area of Mizoguchi portion may be within the range of 94000Nm ² more 131000Nm ² or less, is preferably Among them 99000Nm ² more 121000Nm ² within the following ranges. It is presumed that Mie scattering predominantly occurs at the groove opening by setting the average of the area of the groove opening within the above range. If the average of the area of the groove opening is larger than the above range, geometric optical scattering becomes more dominant than Mie scattering, and forward scattering hardly occurs, and light is easily reflected in the groove. For this reason, the absorption of light into the vehicle interior material is reduced, and a desired reflectance reduction effect may not be obtained. On the other hand, if the average of the area of the groove opening is smaller than the above range, Rayleigh scattering becomes dominant, so that wavelength selectivity is generated and the reflected light may be colored.

When the average of the area of the groove is within the above range, the variance of the area of the groove is preferably in the range of 4.08E + 9 or more and 1.06E + 10 or less. This is because it is possible to suppress an increase in the intensity of light having a specific wavelength due to interference. The unit of dispersion of the area of the groove opening is (nm ² ) ² .

(Ii) Shape of Groove Portion The shape of the groove portion is defined by the maximum interior angle when the planar shape of the groove portion is approximated to an octagon. The maximum internal angle of the groove is, for example, a portion indicated by θ _max in FIG.

  In the planar shape of the groove opening, the larger the maximum internal angle, the greater the variation in the shape. On the other hand, the smaller the maximum internal angle is, the closer the planar shape of the groove opening is to a regular octagon, and the smaller the variation in the shape. Therefore, as the variance of the maximum interior angle calculated from each extracted groove portion is larger, the shape of the shape of the groove opening portion in plan view for each groove portion also becomes larger.

The dispersion of the maximum interior angle of the groove opening portion may be in the range of 600 or more and 1020 or less, particularly preferably in the range of 640 or more and 980 or less, and particularly preferably in the range of 640 or more and 810 or less. If the variance of the maximum internal angle of the groove opening is larger than the above range, manufacturing may make it difficult to design the groove, while if smaller than the above range, the intensity of light of a specific wavelength may increase due to interference. Because there is. The unit of dispersion of the maximum internal angle of the groove is square (°) ² of degrees (°).

  At this time, it is preferable that the average of the maximum inner angles of the groove portions is in the range of 200 ° to 230 °. If the average of the maximum internal angles of the groove opening is larger than the above range, it may be difficult to design the groove in manufacturing, while if it is smaller than the above range, the intensity of light of a specific wavelength increases due to interference. Because there is.

(Iii) the position of the positional relationship between the grooves of the adjacent groove, refers to the position of the center of gravity when approximating the planar shape of the groove opening portion octagonal, O in FIGS _{4, O ', O a,} O b a portion indicated by _{O c.}
The positional relationship between the adjacent groove portions is one groove portion, and another groove portion having the center of gravity of the groove opening portion at a position closest to the center of gravity when the planar view shape of the one groove opening portion is approximated to an octagon. , Ie, the mean and variance of the closest centroid distances. The closest distance between the centers of gravity is a portion indicated by L _O , L _Oa , and L _Ob in FIGS. 3B and 4C.

Although the distance between the closest centroids is calculated and quantified by the method described above, the calculation method will be further described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 4C, the closest distance between the centers of gravity is _a position closest to the center of gravity Oa when the planar shape of the groove opening of the groove 2A is approximated to an octagon among the grooves adjacent to the groove 2A. to extract the groove portion 2B having a center of gravity O _b when approximating the planar shape of the groove opening portion octagonal, and calculates the distance between the centers of gravity as the closest distance between the centers of gravity L _Oa of the groove portion 2A. Next, among the groove adjacent to the groove 2B, extracts the groove portion 2C having the center of gravity O _c Mizoguchi portion is located at a position nearest to the center of gravity O _b Mizoguchi of the groove 2B, recent the groove portion 2B the distance between center of gravity It is calculated as the distance L _Ob between the center of gravity.
The average of the distances between the nearest centroids is calculated by repeating the above operation, calculating the sum of the distances between the nearest centroids for the number of extracted points of the groove, and dividing the sum by the number of extracted points.

The average of the distances between the closest centroids may be 500 nm or less, and particularly preferably 420 nm or less, and particularly preferably 410 nm or less. If the average of the distances between the nearest centers of gravity is larger than the above range, the adjacent groove portions are not in close contact, and there are many non-groove regions which are flat regions where no groove portions are formed, which occurs in the non-groove region. Reflection of light may reduce the reflectivity reduction effect.
The lower limit of the average distance between nearest neighbor centroids is not particularly limited, and can be set within a range that can be designed in terms of manufacturing, and is preferably, for example, 330 nm or more.

When the average of the distances between the closest centroids is within the above range, the variance of the distance between the closest centroids may be 8000 or more, among which 11,000 or more, and particularly preferably 12,000 or more. If the variance of the distance between the nearest centers of gravity is smaller than the above range, a large number of grooves will be arranged at an equal pitch width, the intensity of light of a specific wavelength will be increased by interference, and the desired reflectance reduction effect will be exhibited. This is because it may be difficult to do so.
The upper limit of the dispersion is not particularly limited, and can be set in a range that can be designed for manufacturing, and is preferably, for example, 20,000 or less. The unit of dispersion of the distance between the closest centroids is nm ² .

(C) Others The depth of the groove is not particularly limited as long as the above three parameters can have predetermined values. For example, the depth is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 10 μm, and particularly preferably 300 nm to 1 μm. Is preferably within the range. When the depth of the groove portion is smaller than the above range, the curvature of the groove mouth portion becomes large, so that geometric optical scattering becomes more dominant than Mie scattering, and forward scattering is less likely to occur. Absorption may be reduced. On the other hand, when the depth of the groove is larger than the above range, it may be difficult to manufacture the groove into a desired shape.

The depth of the groove, groove means the length of the formed surface to the tip of the groove bottom, a portion indicated by h ₂ in Fig. The depth of the groove is determined, for example, by using an AFM or the like to detect the maximum point and the minimum point of the depth of each groove, and from the detected maximum point, to a specific reference position (for example, the color resin base including the groove opening in the plane). It is possible to obtain the difference between the relative depth of each maximum point position from the surface position “depth = 0”, make a histogram, calculate the histogram, and calculate the averaged value from the histogram frequency distribution. it can. The detection of the maximum point and the minimum point is performed by applying various methods, for example, a method of sequentially comparing a plan view shape and an enlarged photograph of a corresponding cross-sectional shape, and a method of obtaining the image by processing the plan view enlarged photograph. Can be.

Further, when the depth of the groove is within the above range, the aspect ratio of the depth of the groove to the maximum diameter of the planar shape of the groove opening may exhibit a desired reflectance reducing effect by a large number of grooves. Any ratio can be used as long as it is possible, for example, a range of 0.3 to 30 is preferable, and a range of 0.8 to 3 is particularly preferable. If the aspect ratio is smaller than the above range, light is less likely to be reflected in the groove, and the reflectivity reduction effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when the aspect ratio is larger than the above range, shaping becomes difficult, and the groove may not have a desired shape.
The maximum diameter of the groove in plan view refers to the widest point when the planar shape of the groove is approximated to an octagon, that is, the maximum width passing through the center of gravity of the groove.

  Since the groove has a concave conical structure, and the shape of the groove can be accurately formed on the surface of the colored resin substrate, there is an advantage in manufacturing that productivity is improved. As a structure for reducing the reflection of light, a fine uneven structure called a moth-eye is generally known. In order to improve the reflectance reduction effect of the fine uneven structure, the shape of the groove constituting the fine uneven structure is improved. It is necessary to increase the surface area by forming a multi-peak shape in which the tip of the groove bottom is branched. However, the fine uneven structure having such a shape may not be accurately formed. On the other hand, in the present aspect, by giving a predetermined variation to a large number of grooves, it is possible to achieve a reflectance reduction effect in the low reflection structure portion. Can be accurately shaped.

  The tip of the groove bottom of the groove may be pointed or may have a curvature. Above all, it is preferable that the tip is sharp because Mie scattering easily causes forward scattering of light in the groove portion and increases light absorption.

The shape of the groove opening in plan view is not particularly limited as long as it can be approximated to an octagon, and is, for example, a circle such as a circle or an ellipse, or a polygon such as a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, or a dodecagon. Shape and the like can be mentioned.
The side surface shape of the groove may be linear or curved. Further, the side surface shape of the groove may be a multi-step shape. Especially, it is preferable that the side surface of the groove is multi-staged. This is because reflection and Mie scattering many times occur more easily in the groove.

(2) Optical Characteristics in Low-Reflection Structure In this embodiment, the low-reflection structure preferably has the following optical characteristics.

(A) Difference between 5 ° regular reflectance and 65 ° reflectance In this embodiment, it is preferable that the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low-reflection structure is small. This is because the change in the low reflectivity due to the viewing angle is reduced, and the low reflection structure is less dependent on the angle.
Specifically, the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low-reflection structure is preferably 1.5% or less, more preferably 1.4% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less. 0.3% or less. By setting the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance to be equal to or less than the upper limit described above, even when the viewing angle is significantly different, the low reflection structure portion has low reflection with respect to the entire visible light wavelength region. Rate can be shown. Thereby, even when the viewing angle greatly differs depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment, glare due to reflection of sunlight and light of headlights of a following vehicle and the like is reduced, and the interior material to the window is reduced. This is because it is possible to prevent the reflection of the like.

The difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low-reflection structure part is obtained by fixing the detection angle to 5 ° and calculating the absolute reflection spectrum in the visible light region of 380 nm to 780 nm of the incident light at 5 ° and 65 °. 5 ° specular reflectance and 65 ° reflectance (ΔY ₅ (%) and ΔY ₆₅ (%)) were measured, and their differential reflectance ((ΔY ₆₅ −ΔY ₅ ) (%)) was determined. It is.
Here, the 5 ° regular reflectance (ΔY ₅ (%)) is obtained from the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance of the standard black plate and the 5 ° regular reflectance of the low-reflection structure portion in the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment. Can be In addition, the 65 ° reflectance (ΔY ₆₅ (%)) is also determined by the difference from the 65 ° reflectance of the standard black plate, similarly to the 5 ° regular reflectance (ΔY ₅ (%)).
The 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance were measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer V-7100 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation) as a measuring device, and the detection angle was fixed at 5 °. It is obtained by measuring the absolute reflection spectrum in the visible light region of 380 nm to 780 nm of the incident light at 5 ° and 65 °.

(B) Maximum reflectance In this embodiment, the maximum reflectance in the low-reflection structure portion is preferably 2.0% or less, more preferably 1.9% or less, and particularly preferably 1.8% or less. It is preferable that By setting the maximum reflectance in the low-reflection structure portion to be equal to or less than the above upper limit, a low reflectance can be exhibited over the entire wavelength range of visible light, so that light such as sunlight and headlights of following vehicles can be used. This is because it is possible to reduce glare caused by the reflection of light and to prevent reflection of interior materials and the like on windows.

The maximum reflectance is obtained by calculating the integrated reflectance in all directions when light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm in the visible light region is incident on the low reflection structure at 8 °, and the wavelength having the highest reflectance is obtained. Means
The maximum reflectance was measured by using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer UV-3100PC (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as a measuring device, and calculating the total reflectance in all directions with respect to 8 ° incident light (wavelength region 380 nm to 780 nm). Obtained by measuring.

(C) Suitable Optical Properties In the low-reflection structure, it is preferable that the difference between the above-mentioned 5 ° regular reflectance and 65 ° reflectance and the maximum reflectance are simultaneously satisfied. Preferably, the difference between the reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance is 1.5% or less, and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. This is because, even when the viewing angle is greatly different depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment, an excellent reflectance reduction effect can be achieved in the low-reflection structure.

2. Vehicle interior material The vehicle interior material of this aspect has the low-reflection structure described on the above-mentioned “1. Low-reflection structure” on the surface of the colored resin base.

  In this embodiment, the low-reflection structure portion is usually formed directly on the surface of the colored resin substrate, but a member of the same color as the colored resin substrate having the low-reflection structure portion (hereinafter, referred to as a low-reflection structure member). May be provided on the surface of the colored resin substrate, and the low reflection structure member may be simulated as a part of the surface of the colored resin substrate.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the vehicle interior material 10 of the present embodiment includes a core material 11, an intermediate layer 12 formed on one surface of the core material 11, and a surface of the intermediate layer 12 in contact with the core material 11. The low-reflection structure 3 is formed directly on the surface of the skin layer 13, that is, on the surface of the colored resin base 1, which has a skin layer 13 formed on the opposite surface side. I have.

  Hereinafter, the colored resin base constituting the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment will be described.

(1) Colored Resin Substrate The colored resin substrate constituting the interior material for a vehicle is generally often colored in a dark color for the purpose of preventing conspicuous dirt and for the purpose of design.
Here, the dark color means a color such as black, charcoal gray, dark brown, wine red, or dark blue. More specifically, dark colors include pure black (black), gray-based colors (ink, iron black, lamp black, charcoal gray, soot-bamboo), and brown-based colors (black brown, dark brown, gray tea) , Sepia, brown, brown, burnt amber, low amber, bronze, ocher, yellow brown, bordeaux, red shrimp tea, black roe, red petal, shrimp tea, red brown, red rust, red orange, persimmon, birch, brick color , Rust, rind, maroon, yellow-red, burnt senna, chocolate, cocoa brown, low senna), yellow (orange, tangerine, yellow, yellow, sunflower, poppy), green (orange) Brown, olive, olive green, moss-colored, grass-colored, ivy-green, pine needle-colored, green-green, dark-green, green-onion, tokiwa, billiard green, viridian, bottle green, malachite green, forest green, chitose green, Bamboo color), blue color (iron color, blue green, asagi, green color, peacock green, peacock blue, marine blue, cerulean blue, cobalt blue, indigo mouse, sax blue, blue, indigo, dark blue, dark blue) , Navy Blue, Bright Blue, Bright Navy Blue, Navy Blue, Forest Blue, Katsuiro, Ultramarine Blue, Iron Navy Blue, Iron Blue, Prussian Blue, Midnight Blue, Navy Blue, Ultramarine Blue, Oriental Blue, Bellflower Color, Navy Blue, Pansy, Blue purple, violet, iris, Edo purple, ancient purple, eggplant navy blue, purple navy blue, peony, magenta), red color (red, red, red, rouge, red, red, birch, azalea, rose, soho, cochineal red) , Ruby red, wine red, burgundy, strawberry, rose red, rose, poppy red, signal red, carmine, tomato red, ve Over million, Scarlet) dark color chromatic color such as, and vibrant colors, the category includes. “Dark color” in this specification refers to the above-mentioned color.

  In this aspect, the lower reflection structure portion has a feature that the light having a wavelength in the visible light region is more easily absorbed in the lower reflection structure portion as the color is closer to the above-described deep color. Therefore, the colored resin substrate in this embodiment preferably exhibits a dark color such as black, charcoal gray, dark brown, wine red, or navy blue from the viewpoint of further exhibiting the effect of reducing the reflectance. This is because the amount of light absorbed by the surface of the colored resin base increases, so that the interior of the vehicle of the present embodiment can more efficiently reduce the reflection of light.

As the colored resin base, a general-purpose base generally used as an interior material for a vehicle can be used. For example, a single body obtained by blending a colorant with one or more resins may be used. That is, at least the outermost resin substrate may be a colored composite.
The composite is generally composed of a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material, but is not limited thereto.
In particular, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the colored resin substrate is composed of a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material. As an application in which a high reflectance reduction effect is required, an interior material for a vehicle such as an instrument panel is often composed of the above-described composite, so that the colored resin substrate forming the interior material for a vehicle of the present embodiment is used. This is because the above configuration makes it possible to suitably use these applications.
Hereinafter, each configuration of the colored resin substrate will be described.

(A) Skin Layer The above-mentioned notation layer is generally formed on the outermost surface of the interior material for a vehicle, and gives the interior material for a vehicle a design such as a color, a pattern, and a texture. The color of the colored resin substrate is usually the color of the skin layer.

  In this embodiment, when the vehicle interior material has a configuration having a skin layer, the skin layer may be a single skin layer having the low-reflection structure portion formed on the surface. It may be composed of two layers of a colored shaping film on which the above-mentioned low reflection structure is formed and a base material for a skin layer. The skin layer base material is usually formed into a desired shape of an interior material for a vehicle.

Examples of the material for the skin layer include resins such as polyurethane resins, polyamide resins such as nylon, polyester resins, polyolefin resins, polyvinyl chloride, ABS resins (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer synthetic resin) and the like. These mixed resins are exemplified. In this embodiment, among them, ABS resin and ABS / polycarbonate mixed resin are preferable. This is from the viewpoints of the tactile sensation, the adhesiveness to the intermediate layer, and the formability of the low reflection structure.
In the case where the skin layer is composed of two layers, a colored shaping film and a skin layer base material, the skin layer base material is formed of the above-described material.

  In the case where the skin layer is composed of two layers, a colored shaping film and a skin layer base material, examples of the material of the colored shaping film include “II. Second embodiment 1. Transparent film layer” described later. Cured resin obtained by curing the ionizing radiation-curable resin described in the section. Examples of the ionizing radiation curable resin include an ultraviolet curable resin and an electron beam curable resin.

The skin layer may contain a conventionally known coloring agent such as a pigment. The colorant can be appropriately selected according to the design properties of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment and the color exhibited by the colored resin substrate.
When the skin layer is composed of two layers, a colored shaping film and a skin layer base material, the colorant is preferably contained at least in the colored shaping film.

  The skin layer may contain any material generally contained in the skin material, such as a flame retardant, an antioxidant, a filler, a lubricant, and the like.

(B) Intermediate layer The intermediate layer is formed between the skin layer and the core material. The intermediate layer imparts good tactile sensation, shock absorbing shock absorbing properties, sound absorbing properties, and the like to the vehicle interior material.

As a material constituting the intermediate layer, a material conventionally used as an intermediate layer used for a vehicle interior material can be used. For example, a foamable resin is preferably used. Specific examples of the foamable resin include foams such as polyurethane resins, polyamide resins such as polyvinyl chloride and nylon, polyester resins, and polypropylene resins.
Further, as the above-mentioned material, for example, a fiber composite obtained by adding a binder resin to fibers of polyester, nylon, or the like and compressing and solidifying it can be used.

(C) Core Material The core material forms a basic skeleton (frame) of a vehicle interior material, and is a member required to have high rigidity and light weight.

  The material of the core material is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected and used from materials conventionally used as a core material used for vehicle interior materials according to the method of forming the core material. For example, a metal such as aluminum, a thermoplastic resin such as an olefin resin or an AS resin, a cured resin obtained by curing a curable resin such as a thermosetting resin, or a solidified fiber such as a nonwoven fabric may be used.

3. Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming a low-reflection structure directly on the surface of the colored resin base.

When the vehicle interior material of this embodiment is composed of a colored resin substrate having a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material, the low-reflection structure portion is usually provided on the surface of the skin layer of the colored resin substrate. It is formed.
Therefore, as a manufacturing method in the above case, for example, a skin layer having a low-reflection structure formed on the surface is separately prepared, and a colored resin substrate is formed using the skin layer. A method for manufacturing a material can be used. Specifically, a low reflection structure portion is formed on the surface, a skin layer preformed into a desired shape is prepared, and the skin layer and the core material are set in a foamed resin injection mold, A method of injecting a foamed resin as an intermediate layer into a space between the skin layer and the core material can be used.

The method for forming the skin layer having the low-reflection structure is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming a low-reflection structure composed of a large number of grooves having a predetermined variation on the surface. A method according to a method of forming a skin layer of a vehicular interior material can be used.
Further, the formation method can be appropriately selected according to the specification of the skin layer, and may be, for example, a method of forming the low-reflection structure directly on the surface of the skin layer (direct shaping method). A method (lamination method) of laminating the colored shaping film having the low reflection structure portion to the surface of the skin layer base material may be used.

(1) Direct shaping method As a forming method of the skin layer having a low reflection structure portion by the direct shaping method, for example, a forming method using various forming methods such as a press forming method, an injection forming method, and the like are exemplified.
Examples of the forming method using the press molding method include, for example, a preparation step of preparing a colored resin sheet containing a resin and a colorant, and heating and softening the colored resin sheet, by inverting the shape of the low-reflection structure portion onto the plate surface. A method having a press forming step of setting in a vacuum forming die and press forming. The colored resin sheet is formed using the composition for the skin layer containing the resin material and the coloring agent for the skin layer described in the section “2. Interior material for vehicle (1) Colored resin base (a) Skin layer” described above. Can be formed.

  In addition, as the forming method using the injection molding method, for example, a preparation step of preparing an injection molding die having an inverted shape of the low-reflection structure portion on the surface, and the composition for the skin layer that has been heated and melted. A method having a shaping step of forming a skin layer at the same time as forming a skin layer at the same time as forming a skin layer by injection molding by injection injection into the injection mold. The composition for the skin layer contains the resin material and the colorant described in the section of “2. Interior Material for Vehicle (1) Colored Resin Base (a) Skin Layer” above.

For a vacuum molding die or an injection molding die (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a die in general) having an inverted shape of the low reflection structure portion on its surface, for example, the surface of the die is directly plated. Can be formed. Specifically, using a transfer master provided with a large number of convex cone-shaped structures having a predetermined variation, a soft mold having a large number of concave cone-shaped structures formed on the surface is formed. To form an electroformed plate, and applying the electroformed plate to the mold.
Thereby, a large number of convex cone-shaped structures are formed on the surface of the mold, and the shape of the aggregate of the large number of convex cone-shaped structures corresponds to the inverted shape of the low-reflection structure portion.

(2) Laminating method As a forming method of a skin layer having a low reflective structure portion by a laminating method, for example, a colored shaping film preparation step for producing the colored shaping film having the low reflective structure portion, and a desired vehicle A method comprising a step of preparing a skin layer base material for preparing a skin layer base material formed into the shape of an interior material, and a bonding step of bonding the colored shaping film to the surface of the skin layer base material. Is mentioned.

In the colored shaping film preparation step, as a method of producing a colored shaping film having a reflective structure, for example, using a transfer master having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures having a predetermined variation, Forming a first soft mold having a large number of concave conical structures formed thereon, and forming a second soft mold having a convex conical structure using the first soft mold; An application step of applying the composition for a colored shaping film to the surface of the second soft mold on which the convex conical structure is formed, and after the applied layer is cooled and cured, the second soft mold is peeled off. Thus, a method having a shaping step of forming a colored shaping film having a low reflection structure portion can be used. The inverted shape of the aggregate of a number of the convex cone-shaped structures of the transfer original plate and the low-reflection structure portion formed on the colored shaping film have a corresponding relationship. Further, the convex conical structure of the transfer master has a correspondence with the inverted shape of the groove and the variation in the arrangement position of the groove in the low reflection structure formed on the colored forming film.
The method of manufacturing the transfer master will be described in the section of “II. Second Embodiment 1. Transparent film layer (4) Method of manufacturing transparent film layer” described later.

  In the skin layer base material preparing step, the method of forming the skin layer base material may be any method that can be formed into a desired shape of the vehicle interior material, and a conventionally known method of forming a vehicle interior material. The same method as described above can be used.

  In the laminating step, the colored shaping film can be laminated to the surface of the skin layer substrate by various methods such as a vacuum forming method and a TOM forming method.

4. Uses Uses of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment include, for example, instrument panels, door rims, rear shelves, armrests, sun visors, floor spacers, and the like.

Especially, it is preferable that the vehicle interior material of this embodiment is an instrument panel. The instrument panel is arranged in front of the driver, and the reflection of sunlight and light from the headlights of the following vehicle has the greatest influence on the driver's view. Therefore, by applying the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment to the instrument panel, it is possible to achieve an excellent reflectance reduction effect, reduce the reflected light from the instrument panel surface, and provide the instrument panel with the windshield. This is because reflection of an image can be prevented.
In addition, the instrument panel generally has many colors that exhibit a dark color, but the interior material for a vehicle of the present embodiment has a higher absorptivity of light to the surface as the color resin substrate has a color closer to the dark color, This is because the effect of the present invention can be further exhibited by using the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment as an instrument panel since a high reflectance reduction effect is obtained.

  The instrument panel refers to all vehicle interior materials (excluding the instrument and the operation panel) arranged from the front of the driver's seat to the front of the passenger's seat under the windshield. The same applies to the second embodiment of the vehicle interior material described later.

II. Second Aspect A second aspect of the vehicle interior material of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as this aspect in this section) includes a colored resin substrate, a transparent film layer formed on the colored resin substrate, And the low-reflection structure on the surface of the transparent film layer.

  The vehicle interior material of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the vehicle interior material 10 of the present embodiment includes a core material 11, an intermediate layer 12 formed on one surface of the core material 11, and a surface of the intermediate layer 12 in contact with the core material 11. It has a colored resin substrate 1 composed of a skin layer 13 formed on an opposing surface, and a transparent film layer 5 formed on the skin layer 13 of the colored resin substrate 1. The transparent film layer 5 has on its surface a low-reflection structure portion 3 having a large number of grooves having a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position.

  According to this aspect, since the transparent film layer having the predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface is formed on the colored resin substrate, the light incident on the groove forming the low-reflection structure is reflected many times. Thus, the light can be absorbed in the transparent film layer, and the intensity of light of a specific wavelength can be suppressed from increasing due to interference.

Furthermore, in the present aspect, the large number of grooves constituting the low-reflection structure have a predetermined variation, so that the transparent film is formed by multiple reflections at the groove, especially at the groove opening which is a region surrounded by the groove side surfaces. In addition to increasing the amount of light absorbed in the layer, the Mie scattering of the incident light by the shape of the groove allows the amount of light absorption to be further increased and the reflectance to be further reduced. Become.
This is because Mie scattering has characteristics such as "strong forward scattering" and "small wavelength dependence". That is, since Mie scattering has strong forward scattering, light incident on the groove is scattered in the layer, and the scattered light can be absorbed into the transparent film layer. In addition, since Mie scattering has a small wavelength dependency, it is possible to scatter light having a wavelength in the entire visible light range of 380 nm to 780 nm, and to be able to absorb scattered light having a wavelength in the above range in the transparent film layer. Because it becomes.

As described above, in the low-reflection structure section, since a large number of grooves having a desired variation can exert an excellent reflectance-reducing effect on light in a wide wavelength range, the low-reflection structure section By forming the transparent film layer having the portions on the colored resin substrate, total reflection at the interface between the transparent film layer and the colored resin substrate can be reduced.
Further, the vehicle interior material of this aspect has the structure in which the low reflection structure portion in the transparent film layer has Mie scattering of the incident light as described above, so that the backward scattering of the incident light is reduced, The light absorptivity to the colored resin substrate surface can be increased. For this reason, the interior material for vehicles of the present embodiment can improve the color developability.

  Therefore, in the vehicle interior material of this aspect, since the transparent film layer having the predetermined low reflection structure portion on the surface is formed on the colored resin substrate, the interior material for the vehicle can be expanded regardless of the color and brightness of the colored resin substrate. An excellent reflectance reduction effect can be obtained for light in a wavelength range. Therefore, the vehicle interior material of the present invention can reduce glare caused by reflection of sunlight and light of headlights of a following vehicle and the like, and can prevent reflection of the interior material and the like on windows.

  Hereinafter, each configuration of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment will be described.

1. Transparent film layer The transparent film layer in this embodiment is formed on a colored resin substrate, and has a low-reflection structure on the surface.

(1) Low-reflection structure section The low-reflection structure section is formed on the surface of the transparent film layer and has a large number of grooves. The large number of grooves have predetermined variations in shape and arrangement position.

  In this embodiment, the low-reflection structure portion is formed on the surface of the transparent film layer, so that in addition to the functions and effects described in the section “I. First Embodiment 1. Low-reflection structure portion”, There is an advantage that incident light can be Mie-scattered in the transparent film layer to increase the amount of light absorption.

In the present embodiment, the predetermined variation of a large number of grooves provided in the low-reflection structure portion, the parameters for defining the predetermined variation, the method of quantifying the parameter, and the like are described in the above-mentioned “I. First Mode 1. Since the content is the same as that described in the section of “1. Low reflection structure section (1) Groove section”, the description here is omitted.
The other details of the low-reflection structure portion and the groove portion in this embodiment are the same as those described in the section “I. First Embodiment 1. Low-reflection structure portion” above. Omitted.

(2) Specifications of the transparent film layer The transparent film layer may be a first specification comprising a single layer of a low-reflection structure portion layer having the low-reflection structure portion on one surface, and may include a transparent base material and the transparent material. The second specification may have a low-reflection structure portion layer formed on a base material and having the low-reflection structure portion on one surface.
Hereinafter, the transparent film layer in this embodiment will be described for each specification.

(A) First Specification The first specification of the transparent film layer (hereinafter, may be referred to as “the specification” in this section) is a low-reflection structure layer having the low-reflection structure on one surface. It consists of a single layer.

  The material of the low-reflection structure layer may be any material as long as it can form the low-reflection structure described in the section “I. First Embodiment 1. Low-reflection Structure” on the surface. Acrylate-based, epoxy-based, cured product of ionizing radiation-curable resin such as polyester, acrylate-based, urethane-based, epoxy-based, cured product of thermosetting resin such as polysiloxane, acrylate-based, polyester-based, polycarbonate-based, Various materials such as polyethylene-based and polypropylene-based thermoplastic resins, and cured products of shaping resins in various cured forms can be used.

  In addition, ionizing radiation means an electromagnetic wave or a charged particle having energy capable of polymerizing and curing a molecule, for example, all ultraviolet rays (UV-A, UV-B, UV-C), visible light, and gamma rays. , X-rays, electron beams and the like.

  The low-reflection structure section layer may include an optional material as needed. Optional materials include, for example, a refractive index adjuster, a polymerization initiator, a release agent, a photosensitizer, an antioxidant, a polymerization inhibitor, a cross-linking agent, an infrared absorber, an antistatic agent, a viscosity adjuster, and adhesion. An enhancer and the like can be contained. As the refractive index adjusting agent, for example, a low refractive index material disclosed in JP-A-2013-142821 or the like can be used.

The thickness of the low reflection structure layer is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set in consideration of the material to be used, the required strength, and the like. For example, the thickness is preferably in a range of 3 μm to 200 μm, and particularly preferably 5 μm. It is preferable that it is in the range of 100 μm.
The thickness of the low-reflection structure layer refers to the average of the length from the interface between the low-reflection resin layer and the transparent substrate to the surface of the low-reflection resin layer on which the groove is formed.

The low-reflection structure portion layer has transparency to visible light so that the color of the colored resin substrate can be clearly recognized when disposed on the surface of the colored resin substrate. Specifically, the light transmittance of the visible light in the entire wavelength region of 380 nm to 780 nm is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, and particularly preferably 90% or more.
In the present specification, the light transmittance is a value measured by a spectrophotometer U-4100 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation).

(B) Second Specification A second specification of the transparent film layer (hereinafter, may be referred to as “this specification” in this section) is formed on a transparent substrate and the transparent substrate. A low-reflection structure layer having the low-reflection structure on the surface. The low-reflection structure section is provided on a surface of the low-reflection structure section layer opposite to the transparent substrate side.

  The low-reflection structure portion layer in this specification is the same as the content described in the above section “(a) First specification”, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

The material of the transparent base material in the present specification is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits a desired light transmittance and can obtain a transparent base material having a desired refractive index. And a cured resin obtained by curing a thermosetting resin or an ionizing radiation-curable resin.
Specifically, cellulosic resins such as triacetyl cellulose, polyester resins such as polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate; polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polymethylpentene; acrylic resins; polyurethane resins; Hong, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, acronitrile, methacrylonitrile, cycloolefin polymer, cycloolefin copolymer, polyamide, polyimide, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer , Vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyetheretherketone, and the like.

  If necessary, the transparent base material may be a filler, a matting agent, a foaming agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a radical scavenger, a soft component (for example, Various additives such as rubber) may be included.

  As the transparent base material, those having various aspects such as a flexible plate shape, a sheet shape, and a film shape can be used.

  The transparent substrate has a light transmittance in a range similar to the light transmittance of the low-reflection structure portion layer described in the section of “(a) First specification” in the entire wavelength region of visible light of 380 nm to 780 nm. Preferably, there is. Since the transparent substrate has the above-described light transmittance, light taken in the transparent film layer of the present specification is absorbed by the surface of the colored resin substrate, and the visibility of the color and pattern of the colored resin substrate is improved. Because it can be.

It is preferable that the refractive index of the transparent substrate is substantially the same as the refractive index of the low reflection structure section layer formed on the transparent substrate. If the refractive index between the low-reflection structure portion layer and the transparent substrate is large, a discontinuous interface of the refractive index is formed at the interface between the low-reflection structure portion layer and the transparent substrate, and the discontinuity is reduced. This is because the reflection of light at the interface impairs the reflectance reduction effect of the low-reflection structure portion layer, and reduces the visibility of the color and pattern of the vehicle interior material.
The refractive index difference (absolute value) between the low-reflection structure layer and the transparent substrate is preferably in the range of 0 to 0.5, and particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.2. It is particularly preferable that it is in the range of 0 to 0.1.

(3) Optical Properties of Transparent Film Layer The difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance and the maximum reflectance of the transparent film layer in the low-reflection structure portion are as described in “I. First Embodiment”. 1. Low-reflection structure section (2) Optical characteristics in low-reflection structure section The difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance and the range similar to the maximum reflectance described above. it can. In particular, it is preferable that the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure portion is 1.5% or less, and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. This is because, even when the viewing angle greatly differs depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material, the transparent film layer having the predetermined low-reflection structure portion can achieve an excellent reflectance reduction effect.

Further, the transparent film layer preferably has a haze value in the range of 70% to 95%. Specifically, the haze value is preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 80%. As the haze value of the transparent film layer is higher, light scattering can be increased in the transparent film layer, and total reflection at an interface between the transparent film layer and the colored resin substrate surface can be prevented. Because. In addition, this also improves the visibility of the pattern on the surface of the colored resin substrate and the color developability of the color exhibited by the colored resin substrate in the interior material for a vehicle of the present embodiment.
The haze value is a value as a transparent film layer, and can be measured by a method according to JIS K-7136 using a haze meter (Haze Guard Co., Ltd., manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisaku-sho, Ltd.).

(4) Method for Producing Transparent Film Layer The method for producing the transparent film layer is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of forming a low-reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves having a predetermined variation on one surface. Instead, it can be appropriately selected according to the specifications of the transparent film layer. Hereinafter, an example of the method for producing a transparent film layer in this embodiment will be described.

(1) First Example of Manufacturing Method The method for manufacturing a transparent film layer according to this embodiment uses, for example, a transfer master having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures having a predetermined variation, and a large number of concave cones on the surface. Forming a first soft mold on which a convex structure is formed, and using the first soft mold to form a second soft mold having a large number of convex conical structures on the surface thereof; A step of applying a composition for a low-reflection structure portion layer to a surface of the second soft mold on which the convex conical structure is formed, and an application step of forming an application layer, and applying the transparent base material on the application layer. After disposing and curing the application layer, the second soft mold may be peeled off to form a low-reflection structure portion layer having a low-reflection structure portion on the transparent substrate. .
By the above manufacturing method, a transparent film layer of the second specification can be obtained.

(A) Transfer plate preparation step In this step, the first soft mold in which a large number of concave cone-shaped structures are formed on the surface using a transfer master having a large number of convex cone-shaped structures having a predetermined variation. And forming a second soft mold having a large number of convex conical structures on the surface using the first soft mold.

  First, a transfer master having a number of convex conical structures having a predetermined variation is prepared. The convex cone-shaped structure corresponds to the inverted shape of the groove described in the section “I. First Embodiment 1. Low-reflection Structure (1) Groove” described above, and is the inverse of the convex cone-shaped structure. The shape has a predetermined variation defined by the quantification of the three parameters described in the above section.

  The material of the transfer original plate is not particularly limited as long as a convex conical structure having a predetermined variation can be formed, and examples thereof include metal and resin. Is preferred.

The method for producing the transfer master is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of shaping a convex conical structure having a predetermined variation in shape and arrangement position on the surface. The transfer original plate can be formed, for example, by blasting the surface of a stainless steel plate and performing electrolytic plating on the processed surface of the stainless steel plate while gradually reducing the current value. The electrolytic plating treatment includes, for example, treatment by electrolytic nickel plating, electrolytic chromium plating, electrolytic tin plating, or the like.
At this time, by adjusting the surface roughness of the stainless steel plate by blasting, it is possible to adjust the size, the arrangement interval, and the directionality of the top of the convex conical structure. In addition, the height of the convex conical structure can be adjusted by adjusting the rate of decreasing the current value stepwise during the electrolytic plating process.

  Next, a first soft mold forming composition containing a curable resin is applied on the surface of the obtained transfer master on which the convex conical structures are formed, and the applied layer is cured to form a first soft mold. The mold is transferred and formed. At this time, on one surface of the first soft mold, a large number of concave conical structures that are inverted shapes of the convex conical structures are formed.

  Next, a second soft mold forming composition containing a curable resin is applied on the surface of the first soft mold on which the concave conical structure is formed, and the applied layer is cured to form a second soft mold. Is formed. At this time, on one surface of the second soft mold, a large number of convex conical structures which are inverted shapes of the concave conical structures of the first soft mold are formed.

  The same composition may be used for the first soft mold forming composition and the second soft mold forming composition, or different compositions may be used. The curable resin contained in each soft mold forming composition can accurately transfer the shape of the convex conical structure of the transfer master and the shape of the concave conical structure of the first soft mold. Any resin can be used as long as it is possible, for example, a photocurable resin, an electron beam curable resin, a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, or the like is used. Further, if necessary, the material may include any of the materials listed in the section of “(2) Specifications of transparent film layer (a) First specification”.

  The method of applying the first soft mold forming composition and the second soft mold forming composition is not particularly limited, and may be the same as the method generally used for forming a resin original plate.

  When the composition for a low-reflection structure section layer contains a photo-curable or electron beam-curable resin, the second soft mold preferably has light transmissivity. This is because irradiation with light, an electron beam, or the like can be performed from the second soft mold side to cure the coating layer of the composition for a low-reflection structure portion layer.

(B) Coating Step This step is a step of applying the composition for a low-reflection structure layer to the surface of the second soft mold on which the convex conical structure is formed, thereby forming a coating layer.
The composition for a low-reflection structure part layer contains the material for the low-reflection resin structure part layer described in the section of “(2) Specifications of transparent film layer (a) First specification” described above. The method for applying the composition for a low reflection structure layer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method for applying a resin composition can be applied.
The thickness of the coating layer can be appropriately designed so that the thickness after curing becomes the desired thickness of the low reflection structure portion layer.

(C) Shaping Step In this step, after the transparent substrate is placed on the coating layer and the coating layer is cured, the soft mold is peeled off, and a low-reflection structure is formed on the transparent substrate. This is a step of forming a low-reflection structure section layer having the same.
According to this step, a low-reflection structure section layer having a low-reflection structure section having a large number of grooves having a predetermined variation on one surface is formed on the transparent substrate. The variation in the shape and arrangement position of the groove has a correspondence with the inversion shape and the arrangement position of the convex conical structure of the transfer master.

  The method and conditions for curing the coating layer can be appropriately selected according to the type of material contained in the composition for a low-reflection structure portion layer. If the composition for a low-reflection structure layer contains an ionizing radiation-curable resin, for example, an ultraviolet curing method and an electron beam curing method can be used, and if the composition contains a thermosetting resin, For example, a heat curing method and a room temperature curing method can be used. When the composition for a low-reflection structure section layer contains a thermoplastic resin, for example, a cooling method in which a cooling roll or the like is brought into contact may be used.

(2) Examples of Other Manufacturing Methods As another example of the method for manufacturing the transparent film layer in this embodiment, for example, the second soft mold obtained in the above-described transfer plate preparing step is wound around a roll to form a transfer roll, A method of pressing and curing the composition for a low-reflection structure portion layer with the transfer roll, and a roll master in which a number of convex cone-shaped structures having predetermined variations are formed on the surface by plating the surface of a cylindrical cylinder. And a method of pressing and curing the composition for a low-reflection structure portion layer with the roll master.

2. Colored resin substrate In the present embodiment, the colored resin substrate may be a general-purpose one generally used as an interior material for a vehicle, and may be, for example, a single body obtained by blending a colorant with one or more resins. It may be a composite comprising a plurality of resin bases, wherein at least the outermost resin base is colored.

As described in the above section “I. First Embodiment 2. Vehicle Interior Material”, the colored resin substrate of the vehicle interior material usually exhibits the above-described dark color. The resin substrate may be dark or light.
When the colored resin substrate exhibits a light color, reflection of light on the surface of the colored resin substrate tends to be particularly problematic as compared with a dark color. However, in the present embodiment, since the transparent film layer having the low-reflection structure portion is disposed on the surface of the colored resin substrate, the boundary surface between the transparent film layer and the colored resin substrate for the above-described reason. Can be reduced, and even if the substrate is a light-colored resin substrate, an excellent reflectance-reducing effect can be achieved. For this reason, in this embodiment, a wide range of colors from dark to light can be applied as the color of the colored resin substrate.

  Here, the light color refers to a color such as silver gray, ivory, cherry color, flesh color, young leaf color, lilac, light blue, and the like. More specifically, the pale color is pure white (pure white), snow white, yellowish white which is yellowish white (egg color, cream yellow, leghorn, naples yellow, canary yellow, middle yellow, yellowish yellow, Red and white (pink, yellowish, cherry, coral, baby pink, shell pink, nail pink, peach) which is reddish white, bluish white (white group, jar peeking, Light blue, sky blue, forget-me-not, horizon blue, baby blue), greenish white, greenish white (white green, apple green, mint green, brown, young leaf, shuttles green, sea green), purple white Is purple white (hyacinth, mauve, mauve, lilac, orchid), brownish white (yellow, ivory, ivory, sand, flesh color, ecru beige, beige, garbage) Chromatic, whitish colors such as black (white, gray, silver gray, pearl gray, silver gray, sky gray), silvery white (silver white), golden white (golden white), And achromatic and whitish colors. “Light color” in the present specification refers to the above-mentioned color.

The content of the colored resin substrate in this embodiment is the same as that described in the section of “I. First Embodiment 2. Interior Material for Vehicle” above, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the colored resin substrate is composed of a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material. The reason is the same as the reason explained in the above section. The skin layer, the intermediate layer, and the core constituting the colored resin substrate are the same as those described in the above section.
When the colored resin substrate in this embodiment is composed of a skin layer, an intermediate layer, and a core material, the skin layer may be a single layer of the skin layer, and a colored film and a substrate for the skin layer. May be composed of two layers.
The skin layer constituting the colored resin substrate according to this embodiment is different from the skin layer described in the section “I. First Embodiment 2. Interior Material for Vehicle” in that the low reflection structure portion is not directly formed on the surface. Is different from

  The method for producing the colored resin substrate may be the same as the method for producing a known vehicle interior material.

3. Others In addition to the transparent film layer and the colored resin base, the vehicle interior material of this embodiment may have a design layer and a functional layer such as sound deadening, infrared reflection, and heat dissipation, as necessary. These layers are preferably formed between the colored resin substrate and the transparent film layer. This is because the effect of the low reflection structure portion of the transparent film layer can be sufficiently exerted.

4. Manufacturing Method The manufacturing method of the vehicle interior material of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming a transparent film layer having a low reflection structure portion on the surface of the colored resin substrate.
As the above manufacturing method, for example, a transparent film layer on which a low-reflection structure portion is formed is inserted into an injection molding die for molding an interior material for a vehicle, and a colored resin substrate is injection-molded and the transparent film layer is colored at the same time. A method of disposing on a surface of a resin substrate, a colored resin substrate was molded into a desired shape using an injection molding die for molding an interior material for a vehicle, and a low reflection structure portion was formed on the surface of the colored resin substrate. Examples of the method include laminating a transparent film layer.
The method for producing the colored resin substrate can be the same as the method for producing a general interior material for a vehicle. In the case where the surface of the colored resin substrate has a low-reflection structure, the method described in the section "I. First embodiment 3. Manufacturing method" can be used.

5. Uses The use of the vehicle interior material of this embodiment can be the same as the contents described in the section of “I. First Embodiment 4. Use” above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
The vehicle interior material of the present embodiment, even when presenting a light color as well as a case of exhibiting a deep color, exhibits an excellent reflectance reducing effect by a transparent film layer having a low reflection structure portion on the surface, The visibility of the color, pattern, and the like of the vehicle interior material can be improved. Therefore, the vehicle interior material of this embodiment can be suitably used not only for dark colors but also for applications requiring a wide variety of other colors.

B. Vehicle interior material film The vehicle interior material film of the present invention is a vehicle interior material film having a low reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on at least one surface of a transparent resin layer, wherein the grooves are The average of the area when the planar view shape of the groove opening portion, which is the region surrounded by the side surface of the groove portion, is approximately 94000 nm ² or more and 131000 nm ² or less, and the plane of the groove opening portion of the groove portion is The variance of the maximum internal angle when the visual shape is approximated to an octagon is in the range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less, and the planar shape of one of the groove portions and the groove opening portion of the one groove portion. Is approximated to an octagon, the average of the distance between the centers of gravity of the groove openings and the groove having the center of gravity at the position closest to the center of gravity (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the closest distance between centers of gravity) is 500 nm or less. There, is characterized in that the dispersion of the inter-centroid distance is 8000 nm ² or more.

  The film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention can have, for example, the same structure as the transparent film layer 5 illustrated in FIG.

According to the present invention, by having the predetermined low-reflection structure on the surface of the film for vehicle interior material, light can be reflected many times in the grooves constituting the low-reflection structure, and It is possible to suppress an increase in the intensity of light of a specific wavelength.
For this reason, the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention can exhibit an excellent reflectance reduction effect with respect to light in a wide wavelength range, and the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention can be applied to the surface of the vehicle interior material. , It is possible to reduce glare due to reflection of sunlight and light of headlights of a following vehicle, and to prevent reflection of interior materials and the like on windows.

In addition, the film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention may have the same function as the transparent film layer described in the section of “A. Vehicle interior material II. Second aspect 1. Transparent film layer” above. it can.
That is, the film for a vehicle interior material according to the present invention is capable of exhibiting an excellent reflectance-reducing effect on light in a wide wavelength range by the above-described low reflection structure portion. By arranging them on the surface, total reflection at the boundary surface with the vehicle interior material can be reduced.
Further, as described in the section of “A. Interior material for vehicle II. Second embodiment 1. Transparent film layer” in the film for an interior material for a vehicle of the present invention, the low-reflection structure portion is formed as described above. As described above. As a result, the backscatter of the incident light is reduced, and the absorptivity of the light on the surface of the interior material for a vehicle can be increased. For this reason, the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention can improve the color developability of the vehicle interior material.

  The film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention can be the same as the transparent film layer described in the above section “A. Vehicle interior material II. Second embodiment 1. Transparent film layer”.

  The details of the low-reflection structure portion in the film for vehicle interior material of the present invention are described in the above-mentioned “A. Interior Material for Vehicle I. First Mode 1. Low Reflection Structure Part” and “A. Interior Material for Vehicle II. The second embodiment is the same as that described in the section of “1. Transparent film layer (1) Low-reflection structure section”, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention may have a first specification including a single layer of a transparent resin layer having the low reflection structure portion on one surface, and may be formed on a transparent substrate and the transparent substrate. And a transparent resin layer having the low-reflection structure on one surface.
Regarding the transparent resin layer and the transparent base material in each specification, the low-reflection structure described in the above section “A. Interior materials for vehicles II. Second embodiment 1. Transparent film layer (2) Specifications of transparent film layer” Since it is the same as the layer and the transparent substrate, the description is omitted here.

The optical properties of the film for vehicle interior materials according to the present invention are described in the above section “A. Interior Materials for Vehicles II. Second Embodiment 1. Transparent Film Layer (3) Optical Properties of Transparent Film Layer”. The description is omitted here.
Above all, in the film for vehicle interior materials of the present invention, the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure portion is 1.5% or less, and the maximum reflectance is 2.0%. % Is preferable. When the film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention is disposed on the surface of the vehicle interior material, even when the viewing angle is greatly different depending on the shape of the vehicle interior material, an excellent reflectance reduction effect is exhibited. This is because it becomes possible.

  The film for an interior material for a vehicle of the present invention may have an adhesive layer on the surface facing the surface having the low reflection structure.

  The method for producing a film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention is the production method described in the above section “A. Vehicle interior material II. Second aspect 1. Transparent film layer (4) Transparent film layer production method”. Therefore, the description is omitted here.

  By arranging the film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention on the surface of the vehicle interior material, an excellent reflectance reduction effect can be achieved. As the vehicle interior material, specifically, the above-mentioned “A. Vehicle interior material I. First embodiment 4. Use” and “A. Vehicle interior material II. Second embodiment 5. Application” What was described is mentioned.

  Further, the film for a vehicle interior material of the present invention can be used as an antireflection film by bonding it to an inner surface (a surface located on the vehicle interior side) of a vehicle window glass such as a windshield.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device having the same operation and effect can be realized by the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

[Examples 1 to 4]
A vehicle interior material (first embodiment) was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transfer masters A to D)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement became each value shown in Table 1. Next, using a plating bath containing the following composition and using a graphite electrode as the anode, under the conditions shown in Table 1, the current density was changed from a start value (A / dm ² ) to an end value (A / dm ² ). At a step of one minute, the value was reduced by a predetermined value (A / dm ² ), and the processed surface of the stainless steel plate was subjected to electrolytic plating to form a black chromium plating film on the processed surface. As a result, transfer masters A to D having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.
The many convex cone-shaped structures in the transfer master A corresponded to the inverted shapes of the many grooves in the low-reflection structure member A formed based on the transfer master A and their variations. The same applies to transfer masters B to D.

(Plating bath composition)
Chromium ^{chloride: 200g / dm 3 (0.75mol /} dm 3)
-Ammonium chloride: 30 g / dm ³ (0.56 mol / dm ³ )
Oxalic ^{acid: 3g / dm 3 (0.024mol /} dm 3)
Barium carbonate: 5 g / dm ³ (0.025 mol / dm ³ )
Boric ^{acid: 30g / dm 3 (0.49mol /} dm 3)
Barium fluoride: 10 g / dm ³ (0.057 mol / dm ³ )

(Preparation of soft mold _a 1 to d ₁₎
Using the transfer masters A to D, a UV-curable soft mold forming composition having the following composition was applied on the plate surface of each transfer master, and a polycarbonate (PC) film (panlite (0.2 mm thick) having a thickness of 0.2 mm was applied. (Registered trademark) film, manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Limited), cured by UV irradiation from the PC film side at a wavelength of 365 nm and irradiation energy of 170 mJ / cm ² , and then the transfer master was peeled off. This gave the first soft mold a ₁ to d ₁ having a number of concave pyramidal structure that is the reverse shape of the convex cone-like structure transferring original plate to the plate surface, respectively.

<Composition for forming soft mold>
・ Urethane acrylate: 35% by mass
・ 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate: 35% by mass
・ Pentaerythritol triacrylate: 10% by mass
・ Vinylpyrrolidone: 15% by mass
・ 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone: 2% by mass
・ Benzophenone: 2% by mass
・ Polyether-modified silicone oil: 1% by mass

(Production of electroformed plates A 'to D')
Using the soft molds a _{1 to} d ₁ , an electroplating treatment was performed on the plate surface of each soft mold under the following conditions using a plating bath containing the following composition and a smelted nickel electrode as an anode. The nickel electroformed plates (thickness: about 3 mm) A ′ to D ′ each having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface, which are inverted shapes of the concave conical structures described above, were obtained.

<Electroplating treatment conditions>
・ Temperature of bath: 45 ± 5 ℃
-Average current density: 5 A / dm ²
・ Electrification time: about 50 hours

<Composition of plating bath>
· Nickel sulfamate: 450g / dm ³
・ Boric acid: 40 g / dm ³
・ Sodium lauryl sulfate: 0.15 g / dm ³
Barium fluoride: 10 g / dm ³

(Production of black low-reflection structure members A to D)
Using the obtained nickel electroformed plates A ′ to D ′, each nickel electroformed plate was subjected to an injection molding die, and a composition for a low-reflection structure having the following composition was injected to form a large number on the surface. The black low-reflection structure members A to D having the groove portions are obtained. The black low-reflection structure member was imitated as the low-reflection structure in the first embodiment of the vehicle interior material by being attached to an instrument panel described later.

<Composition for black low reflection structure>
・ ABS resin (DENKA transparent ABS resin manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK)… 99% by mass
・ Carbon black (Mitsubishi Carbon Black # 970, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)… 1% by mass

(Production of Transparent Low Reflection Structure Members (Samples for Evaluation) A to D)
As an evaluation sample for measuring the haze value, only the ABS resin is injected into the above-mentioned injection molding die used for producing the black low-reflection structural members A to D, and the transparent low-reflection having a large number of grooves on the surface. The structural members A to D were obtained.

(Preparation of Vehicle Interior Materials A to D of First Embodiment)
Each of the black low-reflection structural members A to D is placed on a portion of the instrument panel of the same type as the Peugeot 207 base grade (2007 type), which covers the upper part of the instrument panel, and is a Cemedine (registered trademark) super versatile adhesive. It was attached using X clear AX-041 to obtain instrument panels A to D each having a low-reflection structure on the surface.

[Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
A vehicle interior material (first embodiment) was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transcription masters E to G)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement became each value shown in Table 1. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, transfer masters E to G having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.
The numerous convex cone-shaped structures in the transfer master E corresponded to the inverted shapes of the many grooves in the low-reflection structural member E formed based on the transfer master E and their variations. The same applies to transfer masters FG.

(Preparation of soft mold _e 1 to g ₁₎
Instead of the transfer master A, except for using the transfer original E to G, in the same manner as in Example 1, a soft mold e ₁ to g ₁ having a number of concave pyramidal structure on the plate surface were respectively obtained .

(Preparation of electroformed plates E 'to G')
A nickel electroformed plate having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface (with a thickness of about ₁ mm) was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the soft molds e _{1 to} g ₁ were used instead of the soft mold a _1. 3 mm) E ′ to G ′ were obtained.

(Production of black low-reflection structure members EG)
Except that nickel electroformed plates A 'to G' were used instead of nickel electroformed plates A ', a black low-reflection structure member E- having a large number of grooves on its surface was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. G was obtained. The black low-reflection structure member was imitated as the low-reflection structure in the first embodiment of the vehicle interior material by being attached to an instrument panel described later.

(Production of transparent low-reflection structure members (samples for evaluation) E to G)
As an evaluation sample for measuring a haze value, a transparent low-reflection structure having a large number of grooves on its surface by injecting only ABS resin into an injection molding die used for producing black low-reflection structure members EG. Part members EG were obtained.

(Preparation of Vehicle Interior Materials EG of First Mode)
Instrument panels EG having a low-reflection structure on the surface were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the black low-reflection structure members EG were used.

[Examples 5 to 11]
A vehicle interior material (second embodiment) was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transcription masters H to N)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement became each value shown in Table 3. Next, the current density was changed from the start value (A / dm ² ) to the end value (A / dm ² ) under the conditions shown in Table 3 using the plating bath used in the preparation of the transfer master A and using a graphite electrode as the anode. ), A predetermined value (A / dm ² ) was reduced by a predetermined value (A / dm ² ) in steps of 1 minute, and an electrolytic plating process was performed on the processed surface of the stainless steel plate to form a black chromium plating film on the processed surface. As a result, transfer masters H to N each having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.
The numerous convex conical structures in the transfer master H corresponded to the inverted shapes of the many grooves in the transparent film layer H formed on the basis of the transfer master H and their variations. The same applies to transfer masters I to N.

(First Preparation of soft mold _h 1 ~n ₁₎
Except for using the transfer masters H to N in place of the transfer master A, a concave cone-shaped structure, which is an inverted shape of the convex cone-shaped structure of the transfer master, in the same manner as in the production of the soft mold of Example 1. body the first soft mold h ₁ ~n ₁ having a number formed printing plate was obtained, respectively.

(Second Preparation of soft mold _h 2 ~n ₂₎
Using the first soft molds h _{1 to} n ₁ , the soft mold forming composition having the same composition as that of the first soft mold is applied on the plate surface of each first soft mold, and the PC is sandwiched between the PC films. After curing by UV irradiation from the film surface side at a wavelength of 365 nm and irradiation energy of 170 mJ / cm ² , the first soft mold was peeled off. This gave a second soft mold h ₂ ~n ₂ having a plurality of convex cone-like structure which is the reverse shape of the concave cone-shaped structure of the first soft mold to the plate plane.
Convex cone-like structure of the second soft mold h ₂ corresponded with the convex cone-shaped structure H of the transfer original H the underlying. Same was true for the second soft mold _i 2 ~n _2.

(Preparation of transparent film layer)
Using the obtained second soft molds h _{2 to} n ₂ , a UV-curable low-reflection structure layer composition having the following composition is applied to the plate surface of each second soft mold, and A biaxially stretched polyester film (Acryprene (registered trademark) HBA002 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) was disposed. UV irradiation was performed from the film surface side at a wavelength of 365 nm and irradiation energy of 170 mJ / cm ² to cure the composition for a low reflection structure layer. Thereafter, the second soft mold was peeled off. As a result, transparent film layers H to N each having a low reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on the surface were obtained.
The obtained transparent film layer corresponded to the vehicle interior film of the present invention.

<Low reflection structure layer composition>
・ Urethane acrylate: 35% by mass
・ 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate: 35% by mass
・ Pentaerythritol triacrylate: 10% by mass
・ Vinylpyrrolidone: 15% by mass
・ 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone: 2% by mass
・ Benzophenone: 2% by mass
・ Polyether-modified silicone oil: 1% by mass

(Preparation of Vehicle Interior Materials H to N of Second Embodiment)
Each of the transparent film layers H to N is arranged on a portion of the instrument panel of the same type as the Peugeot 207 base grade (2007 type) covering the upper part of the instrument panel, and is attached using the semedine used in Example 1, Instrument panels H to N having a low reflection structure on the surface were obtained.

[Comparative Examples 4 to 7]
A vehicle interior material (second embodiment) was obtained by the following method.

(Preparation of transfer masters OR)
The stainless steel plate was blasted and finished so that the arithmetic average surface roughness Sa in the three-dimensional surface roughness measurement became each value shown in Table 3. Next, in the same manner as in Example 5, transfer original plates O to R each having a large number of convex conical structures on the plate surface were obtained.
The numerous convex cone-shaped structures in the transfer master O corresponded to the inverted shapes of the many grooves in the transparent film layer O formed based on the transfer master O and their variations. The same applies to the transfer masters P to R.

(Preparation of First Soft Molds o _{1 to} r ₁ and Second Soft Molds o _{2 to} r ₂ )
The first soft molds o _{1 to} r ₁ each having a large number of concave conical structures on the plate surface were prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the transfer masters O to R were used instead of the transfer master H. Obtained.
Further, instead of the first soft mold h _1, except for using the first soft mold o ₁ ~r _1, in the same manner as in Example 5, first has a number of convex cone shaped structures to the plate surface 2 soft molds o _{2 to} r ₂ were obtained.
Convex cone-like structure of the second soft mold o ₂ corresponded with the convex cone-like structure transferring original O to be the source. Same was true for the second soft mold _p 2 ~r _2.

(Preparation of transparent film layers OR)
In the same manner as in Example 5 except that soft molds o _{2 to} r ₂ were used instead of the second soft mold h ₂ , the transparent film layers O to O having a low reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on the surface were formed. R was obtained.

(Preparation of Vehicle Interior Materials OR of Second Embodiment)
Each of the transparent film layers O to R was disposed on a portion of the instrument panel of the same type as the Peugeot 207 base grade (2007 type) covering the upper part of the instrument panel, and was adhered using the semedine used in Example 1. Instrument panels O to R having a low reflection structure on the surface were obtained.

[Evaluation 1]
The black low-reflection structure members A to D and EG obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the transparent film layers H to N obtained in Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 For S and O to R, SEM observation was performed under the following conditions, and the average and variance of the area of the groove opening, the maximum inner angle of the groove opening, and the distance between the nearest centers of gravity of adjacent grooves were determined from the SEM image in plan view. I asked.
For the quantification of each parameter, the scores shown in Table 1 were extracted from among a large number of grooves formed on the surface for the black low-reflection structural members obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. I went. In addition, for the transparent film layers obtained in Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7, the points shown in Table 3 were extracted from among a large number of grooves formed on the surface.
The quantification of each parameter using a planar SEM image was performed by the method described in the section “I. First aspect 1. Low reflection structure part (1) Groove part (a) Parameter quantification method” above. .

(SEM observation conditions)
・ SEM: Field emission scanning electron microscope S-4500 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation)
-Observation method: Top-View (from the side with the groove)
-Pretreatment: Pt-Pd sputter-Observation magnification: x20k
・ Field of view: 4 μm vertically × 4 μm horizontally
・ Angle: 0 °, 30 °

[Evaluation 2]
The black low-reflection structure members A to D and EG obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the transparent film layers H to N obtained in Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 For O and R, the maximum reflectance was measured under the following conditions. For Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7, the measurement was performed with the black layer disposed below.
(conditions)
-Measuring device: UV-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer UV-3100PC (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
Measurement method: integrated reflectance in all directions with respect to 8 ° incident light (wavelength region 380 nm to 780 nm)

[Evaluation 3]
The transparent low-reflection structure members A to D and EG obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the transparent film layers H to N obtained in Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 The haze value of each of O and R was measured under the following conditions.
(conditions)
-Measuring device: Haze meter HM-150 (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory)
・ Measurement method: Method based on JIS K7136

[Evaluation 4]
The black low-reflection structure members A to D and EG obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the transparent film layers H to N obtained in Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 5 ° regular reflectance and 65 ° reflectance were measured for the samples and O to R under the following conditions.
(conditions)
-Measuring device: UV-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer V-7100 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation)
・ Measurement method: Fix the angle on the detector side to 5 ° and measure 5 ° regular reflectance and 65 ° reflectance for incident light of 5 ° and 65 ° (wavelength region 380 nm to 780 nm).

[Evaluation 5]
The antiglare properties of the instrument panels obtained in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 due to the reflected light of the headlights were evaluated by the following method (visual evaluation 1).

(Evaluation method)
Headlights for the Toyota Crown GRS200 (2013 model) were placed 15 m from the instrument panel and irradiated. The test subjects (5 persons) sat facing the instrument panel assuming the time of driving, and visually evaluated the anti-glare property with and without the low-reflection structure.
As a reference example, the anti-glare property was confirmed by the same method using an instrument panel (an instrument panel of the same type as a Peugeot 207 base grade (2007 type)) before applying a low reflection structure portion and a transparent film layer. The antiglare property at this time was defined as a standard (△).

The antiglare properties of the instrument panels obtained in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were compared with the above-mentioned criteria and determined by the following items.
◎: Very good anti-glare property without any concern about glare as compared to the standard.
: Good anti-glare property without concern for glare compared to the standard.
Δ: Same as standard.

[Evaluation 6]
With respect to the instrument panels obtained in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, reflection of an instrument panel image on a windshield by reflected light of a headlight was evaluated by the following method (visual evaluation 2). In the evaluation, a transparent acrylic plate was arranged instead of the windshield.

(Evaluation method)
Headlights for the Toyota Crown GRS200 (2013 model) were placed 15 m from the instrument panel and irradiated. The test subjects (five) sat facing the instrument panel assuming the time of driving, and visually confirmed the reflection of the instrument panel image on the transparent acrylic plate.
As a reference example, using an instrument panel (an instrument panel of the same type as a Peugeot 207 base grade (2007 type)) before applying a low-reflection structure and a transparent film layer, installing an instrument panel on a transparent acrylic plate in the same manner. The reflection of the image of the ment panel was confirmed, and the degree of the reflection at this time was defined as a reference (△).

In the case where the instrument panels obtained in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were used, the reflection of the instrument panel image on the transparent acrylic plate was determined by the following items in comparison with the above criteria.
◎: Very good compared to the standard without any concern for reflection.
: Good compared to the standard without worrying about reflection.
Δ: Same as standard.

The results of Evaluations 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1 for Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Table 3 for Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7.
The results of Evaluations 4 to 6 are shown in Table 2 for Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Table 4 for Examples 5 to 11 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7.
In the table, μ indicates the average, and σ ² indicates the variance. In the table, ◎ / ○ / △ indicates the number of ◎, △, and Δ in the visual evaluation in order.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Colored resin base material 2 ... Groove part 3 ... Low-reflection structure part 5 ... Transparent film layer 10 ... Vehicle interior material 11 ... Core material 12 ... Intermediate layer 13 ... Skin material

Claims (6)

An interior material for a vehicle having a low-reflection structure having a large number of grooves on the surface,
The groove is in the range average of 94000Nm ² more 131000Nm ² or less of the area when the plan view shape of the a region surrounded by the side surfaces of the groove Mizoguchi portion approximate octagon,
The variance of the maximum interior angle when the planar shape of the groove opening of the groove is approximated to an octagon is in a range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less,
The average of the distance between the centers of gravity of the one groove portion and the groove portion having the center of gravity of the groove opening portion at the position closest to the center of gravity when the planar shape of the groove opening portion of the one groove portion approximates an octagon. Is 500 nm or less,
An interior material for a vehicle, wherein the dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity is 8000 nm ² or more. A colored resin substrate,
Having a transparent film layer formed on the colored resin substrate,
The vehicle interior material according to claim 1, wherein the low-reflection structure portion is provided on a surface of the transparent film layer.   The difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure part is 1.5% or less, and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. The vehicle interior material according to claim 2.   The vehicle interior material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vehicle interior material is an instrument panel. A film for an interior material for a vehicle having a low reflection structure portion having a large number of grooves on at least one surface of a transparent resin layer,
The groove is in the range average of 94000Nm ² more 131000Nm ² or less of the area when the plan view shape of the a region surrounded by the side surfaces of the groove Mizoguchi portion approximate octagon,
The variance of the maximum interior angle when the planar shape of the groove opening of the groove is approximated to an octagon is in a range of 600 (°) ² or more and 1020 (°) ² or less,
The average of the distance between the centers of gravity of the one groove portion and the groove portion having the center of gravity of the groove opening portion at the position closest to the center of gravity when the planar shape of the groove opening portion of the one groove portion approximates an octagon. Is 500 nm or less,
A film for a vehicle interior material, wherein the dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity is 8000 nm ² or more.   6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the difference between the 5 ° regular reflectance and the 65 ° reflectance in the low reflection structure is 1.5% or less, and the maximum reflectance is 2.0% or less. The film for vehicle interior materials according to the above.