JP6616855B2 - ろ過処理システムおよびろ過処理方法 - Google Patents
ろ過処理システムおよびろ過処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6616855B2 JP6616855B2 JP2018020949A JP2018020949A JP6616855B2 JP 6616855 B2 JP6616855 B2 JP 6616855B2 JP 2018020949 A JP2018020949 A JP 2018020949A JP 2018020949 A JP2018020949 A JP 2018020949A JP 6616855 B2 JP6616855 B2 JP 6616855B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filtration
- water
- bromine
- membrane
- reverse osmosis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 215
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 150
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- -1 bromine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromite Chemical compound Br[O-] JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 9
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine monochloride Chemical compound BrCl CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000008155 medical solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYECFMCAAHMRNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O.NS(O)(=O)=O VYECFMCAAHMRNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WOHVONCNVLIHKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ba+2].[O-]Cl=O.[O-]Cl=O Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl=O.[O-]Cl=O WOHVONCNVLIHKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium chlorate Chemical compound N.OCl(=O)=O KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chlorate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HPEWZLCIOKVLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ba+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] HPEWZLCIOKVLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BEHLMOQXOSLGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenamine sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 BEHLMOQXOSLGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FECFIIXKXJBOSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylsulfamic acid Chemical group CCCCNS(O)(=O)=O FECFIIXKXJBOSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chlorate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGQPUOLFKIMRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfamic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)NCl OGQPUOLFKIMRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077239 chlorous acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BAQKWXACUNEBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CCCCN(S(O)(=O)=O)CCCC BAQKWXACUNEBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGNOYUCUPMACDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(O)(=O)=O YGNOYUCUPMACDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XRVWREPFYXZOPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CCCN(S(O)(=O)=O)CCC XRVWREPFYXZOPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IOISAJSHULNACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(methyl)sulfamic acid Chemical compound CCN(C)S(O)(=O)=O IOISAJSHULNACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIVVHUQWDOGLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylsulfamic acid Chemical group CCNS(O)(=O)=O SIVVHUQWDOGLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromous acid Chemical compound BrO CUILPNURFADTPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YZVQGLCYZLGIAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(propyl)sulfamic acid Chemical compound CCCN(C)S(O)(=O)=O YZVQGLCYZLGIAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMDOKBFMTVEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylsulfamic acid Chemical group CNS(O)(=O)=O MYMDOKBFMTVEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AMULHDKUJWPBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dichlorite Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]Cl=O.[O-]Cl=O AMULHDKUJWPBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VISKNDGJUCDNMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;chlorite Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl=O VISKNDGJUCDNMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- JWQSOOZHYMZRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylsulfamic acid Chemical group CC(C)NS(O)(=O)=O JWQSOOZHYMZRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLIBNTOXKQCYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylsulfamic acid Chemical group CCCNS(O)(=O)=O HLIBNTOXKQCYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000008 strontium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
- B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
- C02F1/766—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens by means of halogens other than chlorine or of halogenated compounds containing halogen other than chlorine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/12—Addition of chemical agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
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Description
本発明の実施形態に係るろ過処理システムの一例の概略を図1に示し、その構成について説明する。ろ過処理システム1は、前ろ過処理手段として分離膜を備える膜ろ過装置12と、逆浸透膜処理手段として逆浸透膜処理装置16とを備える。
R2NSO3H (1)
(式中、Rは独立して水素原子または炭素数1〜8のアルキル基である。)
本実施形態に係るろ過処理用組成物は、「臭素系酸化剤」または「臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物」と、「スルファミン酸化合物」とを含有するものであり、さらにアルカリを含有してもよい。
本実施形態に係るろ過処理用組成物は、臭素系酸化剤とスルファミン酸化合物とを混合する、または臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物とを混合することにより得られ、さらにアルカリを混合してもよい。
窒素雰囲気下で、液体臭素:16.9重量%(wt%)、スルファミン酸:10.7重量%、水酸化ナトリウム:12.9重量%、水酸化カリウム:3.94重量%、水:残分を混合して、組成物を調製した。組成物のpHは14、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)は7.5重量%であった。安定化次亜臭素酸組成物の詳細な調製方法は以下の通りである。
図1に示すフローのろ過処理システム1を用い、下記実施例1→実施例2→比較例1→比較例2の順で試験を行った。
(試験条件)
・被処理水:半導体工場排水
pH 6.9〜7.3
導電率 340〜510μS/cm
TOC 0.1〜0.5mg/L
濁度 1〜10度
・膜ろ過装置:限外ろ過膜(UF膜)(ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)製外圧中空糸膜、有効膜面積4m2、公称孔径0.01μm(旭化成株式会社製、UNA−620A))
・逆洗:30分に1回、以下の逆洗工程を行う。
空気逆洗50秒
薬剤逆洗65秒
(24時間に1回は、上記薬剤逆洗65秒のときの逆洗水のpHを、NaOHで10にして逆洗を行った)
・フラッシング工程:0秒(実施例2),20秒(実施例1、比較例2),110秒(比較例1)
逆洗水流量:6.9L/min
・逆浸透膜:ポリアミド製、有効膜面積6.5m2(オルガノ株式会社製、OFR−620)
実施例1では、図1に示す膜ろ過システムを用い、ろ過処理工程(前ろ過処理工程→逆浸透膜処理工程)→逆洗工程(空気逆洗→薬剤逆洗)→フラッシング工程を繰り返し行う連続運転を行った。フラッシング工程は20秒とした。薬剤洗浄用の薬剤としては上記安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を逆洗水中の有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)で5mg/Lとなるように添加した。
フラッシング工程を省略した以外は、実施例1と同様にして運転を行った。
比較例1では、薬剤洗浄用の薬剤として実施例1で用いた上記安定化次亜臭素酸組成物の代わりに次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液を逆洗水中の有効塩素濃度で5mg/Lとなるように添加し、ろ過処理工程(前ろ過処理工程→逆浸透膜処理工程)→逆洗工程(空気逆洗→薬剤逆洗)→フラッシング工程を繰り返し行う連続運転を行った。フラッシング工程は110秒とした。
フラッシング工程の時間を20秒に短縮した以外は、比較例1と同様にして運転を行った。
RO装置への給水のpHによる透過水量、膜排除率への影響を比較した。
・試験装置:平膜試験装置
・分離膜:日東電工(株)製、ポリアミド系高分子逆浸透膜 ES20
・運転圧力:0.75MPa
・原水:相模原井水(pH7.2、導電率240μS/cm)
・薬剤:上記のように調製した安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として1mg/Lとなるよう添加(有効ハロゲン濃度の測定方法:残留塩素測定装置(Hach社製、「DR−4000」)を使用してDPD法により測定)
・RO膜給水pH:4.0(実施例3−1),5.0(実施例3−2),5.5(実施例3−3),6.0(実施例3−4),6.5(実施例3−5),7.0(実施例3−6),7.5(実施例3−7),8.0(実施例3−8),8.5(実施例3−9),9.0(実施例3−10)
・RO膜の排除率への影響:120時間通水後の導電率排除率(%)
(100−[透過水導電率/給水導電率]×100)
・透過水量への影響:24時間通水後の透過水量の保持率(%,対初期値)
実施例4では、図6に示す膜ろ過システムを用い、ろ過処理工程(前ろ過処理工程→逆浸透膜処理工程)の連続運転を行った。薬剤としては上記の方法で調製した安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を、前ろ過処理工程の被処理水(原水)に有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)で10mg/Lとなるように添加した。
・原水:洗浄排水
・pH 6.5
・導電率 240μS/cm
・TOC 0.1mg/L
・濁度 <1度
・前ろ過処理装置(膜ろ過装置):限外ろ過膜(UF膜)(ポリエーテルサルフォン(PES)製外圧中空糸膜(ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ株式会社製、FS10−FS−FUST653)、有効膜面積7.8m2、公称孔径0.5μm)、供給圧0.2MPa、原水の供給水量15t/h
・逆浸透膜処理装置:逆浸透膜(RO膜)(日東電工(株)製、ポリアミド系高分子逆浸透膜 ES20)、供給圧0.6MPa、回収率75%
・通水時間:30日
安定化次亜臭素酸組成物の濃度は、前ろ過処理装置の前後でほぼ同濃度(有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)で10mg/L)であり、前ろ過処理装置の部分でほとんど消費されていないことがわかった。また、前ろ過処理装置において、スライムの発生も認められなかった。
前ろ過処理装置へ供給する原水のpHの違いによって、前ろ過処理装置の前後での安定化次亜臭素酸の残留率に違いが認められるか比較した。結果を表3に示す。
・前ろ過処理膜:限外ろ過膜(UF膜)(ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)製ディスクフィルター(ミリポア株式会社製、Millex VV)、公称孔径0.1μm)
・原水:純水(塩酸を添加して適宜pHを調整)
・薬剤:上記の方法で調製した安定化次亜臭素酸組成物を、有効ハロゲン濃度(有効塩素換算濃度)として○〇mg/Lとなるよう原水に添加(有効ハロゲン濃度の測定方法:残留塩素測定装置(Hach社製、「DR−4000」)を使用してDPD法により測定)
Claims (8)
- 有機物を含む被処理水から不溶解性成分を、精密ろ過膜または限外ろ過膜を用いて除去する前ろ過処理手段と、
前記前ろ過処理手段からの前ろ過処理水を、ポリアミド系高分子膜を用いて逆浸透膜処理する逆浸透膜処理手段と、
前記前ろ過処理手段の被処理水に薬剤を供給する薬剤供給手段と、
を備え、
前記薬剤が、臭素系酸化剤、もしくは臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物と、を含む、または、臭素系酸化剤、もしくは臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物を含み、
前記前ろ過処理水に前記薬剤が含まれ、前記前ろ過処理手段におけるスライム発生が抑制されるとともに、前記逆浸透膜処理手段におけるスライム発生が抑制されることを特徴とするろ過処理システム。 - 請求項1に記載のろ過処理システムであって、
前記薬剤が、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む、もしくは、臭素とスルファミン酸との反応生成物を含むことを特徴とするろ過処理システム。 - 請求項1または2に記載のろ過処理システムであって、
前記前ろ過処理水のpHが5.5以上であることを特徴とするろ過処理システム。 - 請求項1または2に記載のろ過処理システムであって、
前記前ろ過処理手段へ供給される被処理水のpHが5.5以上であることを特徴とするろ過処理システム。 - 有機物を含む被処理水から不溶解性成分を、精密ろ過膜または限外ろ過膜を用いて除去する前ろ過処理工程と、
前記前ろ過処理工程からの前ろ過処理水を、ポリアミド系高分子膜を用いて逆浸透膜処理する逆浸透膜処理工程と、
前ろ過処理工程の被処理水に薬剤を供給する薬剤供給工程と、
を含み、
前記薬剤が、臭素系酸化剤、もしくは臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物と、を含む、または、臭素系酸化剤、もしくは臭素化合物と塩素系酸化剤との反応物と、スルファミン酸化合物との反応生成物を含み、
前記前ろ過処理水に前記薬剤が含まれ、前記前ろ過処理工程におけるスライム発生が抑制されるとともに、前記逆浸透膜処理工程におけるスライム発生が抑制されることを特徴とするろ過処理方法。 - 請求項5に記載のろ過処理方法であって、
前記薬剤が、臭素とスルファミン酸化合物とを含む、もしくは、臭素とスルファミン酸との反応生成物を含むことを特徴とするろ過処理方法。 - 請求項5または6に記載のろ過処理方法であって、
前記前ろ過処理水のpHが5.5以上であることを特徴とするろ過処理方法。 - 請求項5または6に記載のろ過処理方法であって、
前記前ろ過処理工程で処理される被処理水のpHが5.5以上であることを特徴とするろ過処理方法。
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US10351444B2 (en) | 2019-07-16 |
KR20190051084A (ko) | 2019-05-14 |
JP6325658B2 (ja) | 2018-05-16 |
KR20180116470A (ko) | 2018-10-24 |
JPWO2015170495A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
KR102046581B1 (ko) | 2019-11-19 |
JP2018079471A (ja) | 2018-05-24 |
WO2015170495A1 (ja) | 2015-11-12 |
MY176582A (en) | 2020-08-17 |
TW201603876A (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
SG11201609169UA (en) | 2016-12-29 |
CN106457150B (zh) | 2019-11-05 |
KR101990262B1 (ko) | 2019-06-17 |
TWI633928B (zh) | 2018-09-01 |
KR20160143768A (ko) | 2016-12-14 |
US20170044029A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
SA516380243B1 (ar) | 2020-07-13 |
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