JP6539530B2 - Assembly-type block, unit for shape recognition, solid score - Google Patents

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a prefabricated block which is assembled in various forms by combining a plurality of identical units. More specifically, the present invention relates to a prefabricated block suitable for developing and improving the spatial recognition ability of a visually impaired user such as a visually impaired person.

  The act of joining a plurality of units and assembling one structure (hereinafter also referred to as a complete body) is suitable for applications that develop the space recognition ability of a person and further improve the ability. In particular, in the case of a block intended for a user with limited vision, such as a visually impaired person, it is necessary to make the shape and relative positional relationship of "thing" existing in space be recognized by touch. Therefore, it is required that finished bodies of various shapes be assembled on the premise that the units have a shape that can be easily recognized by touch and that the number of units included in the block is not very large. In addition, it is also required that the units can be easily attached and detached. And the following patent document 1 is described about the block which can respond also to development and improvement application of space recognition ability.

JP, 2008-272226, A

  The inventor is also the inventor of the block described in Patent Document 1 above. The block described in Patent Document 1 is an ellipsoidal block in which an elliptic cylinder having three oblique cross sections is a unit, and the thickness of the column varies depending on the position when the user holds the unit in hand. . As a result, the user can easily recognize the orientation of the units, the relative positional relationship between the units, the shape of the completed shape, and the like only by the touch of the hand holding the unit. And, in addition to the use to develop the spatial recognition ability of visually impaired people, this ellipsoidal block is used widely for the purpose of preventing dementia, for the rehabilitation of patients with dementia and the disabled, or for educational purposes such as infants. Was also aimed. Therefore, when the main purpose was to develop the spatial recognition ability of the visually impaired, there was room for improvement.

  Specifically, as one of the development methods of spatial cognition for visually impaired people, we propose the completed form that has already been assembled, and assemble the unit to be the same form as the completed form. We can think of the method of giving as a task. However, in order for the user to be able to recognize the relationship between the method of presenting the complete form and the method of combining the units and the complete form, assistance by a person with normal vision was necessary. In other words, it was necessary for the assistant to assemble the finished form and make it accessible to the visually impaired. Therefore, the development opportunity of space recognition ability based on the method mentioned above was limited, and it was difficult to improve space recognition ability effectively. In other words, space recognition ability can be more effectively improved if users such as visually impaired persons can provide an environment where they can voluntarily select a task and work on the task. Of course it is useful to improve spatial recognition ability even for healthy people, and improve spatial recognition ability more effectively by assembling blocks with limited vision such as being blindfolded be able to.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an assemblable block and components of the assemblable block suitable for the development application of space recognition ability of the user.

The present invention for achieving the above object is an assembly-type block in which a completed product is constructed by combining a plurality of units of the same shape having a plurality of faces, and a shape recognition unit to be a design drawing of the unit; Including a three-dimensional musical score to be a design drawing of the completed body,
The unit has a joining surface which can be joined to each other and a non-joining surface which can not be joined to each other, and is configured to be joined to each other by facing the joining surfaces.
The unit for shape recognition has the same shape as the unit, and a unit recognition mark for causing the user to recognize the plan view of the unit including the joint surface on at least a surface corresponding to the joint surface is formed. ,
When the unit recognition mark defines an xyz Cartesian coordinate system with a specific bonding surface in the unit as the xy plane, the unit when the bonding surface is viewed from any of the x, y, and z axes A flat plate having the same shape as the plane projection shape of the above, and a region representing the joint surface is formed thick,
The solid score is a polyhedron having a plane corresponding to the xy plane, the yz plane, and the zx plane when the xyz orthogonal coordinate system in any one unit constituting the completed body is adopted, and the xy plane In the plane corresponding to the yz plane and the zx plane, the user is required to recognize the top view of the plan view when the finished body is viewed from the z-axis, x-axis and y-axis directions respectively The mark is formed,
The mark for recognizing the completed body is formed of a flat plate having the same shape as the outline of the plan view of the completed body, and a region representing the surface closest to the front side in the plan view is formed thick.
It is considered as an assembly-type block characterized by

  When the plurality of units are included in the depth direction in the plan view of the corresponding completed body, the completed body recognition mark corresponds to the unit located on the front side with respect to the area corresponding to the unit located on the far side in the plan view The area to be formed may be thick. Further, the unit may be subjected to different surface processing so that when the user touches the surface, the joint surface and the non-joint surface have different tactile sensations. It can also be an assembly-type block in which a three-dimensional view of a completed object corresponding to the three-dimensional music score is displayed on one surface of the three-dimensional music score.

In any of the above-described removable blocks, a magnetic material is embedded in the bonding surface of the unit,
In the unit, a first unit in which a permanent magnet is embedded such that the N pole faces outward, and a second unit in which a permanent magnet is embedded such that the S pole faces outward, unmagnetized magnetism Of the three types of units of the third unit in which the body is embedded, at least two types of units are mixed,
It can also be an assembly-type block characterized in that.

  Among the first to third units, at least two types of units have hollow structures, and an assembling block in which a sounding body that emits different sounds when the user holds and shakes a hand is enclosed inside It may be

The assembly block according to any of the above, wherein the unit inclines the z-axis 45 ° in the y-axis direction, with upper and lower end faces each having a regular octagon having sides parallel to the xy plane and parallel to the x axis. Is a polyhedron formed by cutting an oblique prism having a central axis at the xy plane and the zx plane,
The polyhedron includes the lower surface of a regular octagon parallel to the xy plane with the x-axis direction as the left-right direction, the y-axis direction as the front-back direction, and the z-axis direction as the lower edge. And the oblique prism is cut by a plane parallel to the xy-plane including the rear edge of the rear surface including the rear edge of the rear surface and the regular octagon back and forth An upper surface bisected into two, and a front surface inclined at 45 ° in the y-axis direction in a plane parallel to the zx plane connecting the front edge of the upper surface and the front edge of the lower surface;
In the unit, the upper, lower, front and rear surfaces are the bonding surfaces,
In the unit for shape recognition, a mark for causing the user to recognize the plan view when the unit is viewed from the x-axis direction is formed as the unit recognition mark on the surface corresponding to the left and right sides of the unit. The mark is made of a flat plate having the same shape as the plan projection shape of the plan view, and the area representing the surface closest to the front side in the plan view is formed thick.
It is preferable if it is set as the assembly-type block characterized by the above.

And, on the lower surface, the magnetic material is embedded at four places that are symmetrical in the front and back and the right and left with respect to a straight line parallel to the x axis and the y axis passing the center of the regular octagon,
The upper surface and the rear surface face the magnetic material embedded in the lower surface when the upper surface and the rear surface face each other so as to be plane-symmetrical to a figure obtained by dividing the lower surface in the front-rear direction. The magnetic material is buried,
In the front surface, the magnetic body is embedded at division point positions where the length in the vertical direction is equally divided into a plurality of lines on a symmetry line that divides the front surface into two left and right.
It is further preferable that the assembly block is characterized by the above.

  The unit recognition mark and the completed body recognition mark may be expressed by an isosceles triangle in which a region corresponding to the front surface of the unit has an upper surface side as a base and a lower surface side as an apex.

  The scope of the present invention also includes the shape recognition unit and the three-dimensional music score that constitute any one of the above-described removable blocks.

  According to the collapsible block of the present invention, the shape of the unit and the unit can be combined to recognize the block in the state of the finished body only by the tactile sense, so that the space recognition ability can be effectively improved. Thereby, especially the visually impaired can voluntarily work on the improvement of spatial recognition ability. Other effects will be clarified in the following description.

It is a perspective view which shows the unit which comprises the assembly-type block which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is six views of the above-mentioned unit It is a figure which shows the position of the junction point in the said unit. It is a perspective view which shows the block for shape recognition which comprises the assembly-type block which concerns on the said Example. It is a figure which shows the shape of the mark for unit recognition currently formed in the surface of the said block for shape recognition. It is a perspective view showing an example of a completed object which combines two of the above-mentioned units. It is a figure which shows an example of the solid score which comprises the assembly-type block which concerns on the said Example, and is a perspective view of the solid score corresponding to the completed body shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the shape of the mark for complete body recognition formed in the surface of the said solid score. It is a figure which shows the state which laminated | stacked two or more said three-dimensional score. It is a perspective view showing an example of a completed object which combines the above-mentioned four units. It is a perspective view which shows the solid musical score corresponding to the completed object shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the completed object which combines two said units. It is a figure which shows an example of the mark for complete body recognition formed in the three-dimensional musical score corresponding to the complete body shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings used in the following description, the same or similar parts may be denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description may be omitted. With respect to a part denoted by a reference numeral in one drawing, the reference numeral may not be attached to the part in another drawing if unnecessary.

=== Embodiments of the Invention ===
A prefabricated block (hereinafter also referred to as a block) according to an embodiment of the present invention is assembled into a finished body using a plurality of identical units having a plurality of planes. However, in the block according to the embodiment, in addition to a unit for assembling a complete body, even a person with limited vision such as a visually impaired person (hereinafter also referred to as a user) Has a configuration that can be recognized by In general, as a component other than the unit in the assembly-type block of the present embodiment, a unit that allows the user to tactilely recognize a plan view of the unit as a component of the completed body viewed from a predetermined direction. (Hereafter, it is also called a unit for shape recognition.) A configuration (hereinafter also referred to as a three-dimensional musical score) that allows the user to recognize a plan view when the completed body is viewed from a predetermined direction by tactile sense. Each of the elements constituting the assembly block of this embodiment will be specifically described below.

=== Unit ===
<Shape>
The unit constituting the prefabricated block in the embodiment of the present invention is a polyhedron formed by cutting an oblique prism whose both end surfaces are regular octagonal surfaces in a plane orthogonal to a surface parallel to the end surface. An external view of the unit 1 is shown in FIG. FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the unit 1 viewed from the side 2 of the regular octagonal end face 3 parallel to the end face 3. FIG. 1B is a view of the unit 1 viewed from the end 3 side of the regular octagon. It is a perspective view of the time. And as shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the two cut surfaces (2, 7) with respect to the oblique prism is a flat hexagon by dividing one side of a regular octagon by a perpendicular bisector.

  In the following, in order to facilitate the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the normal direction of the end face 3 of the regular octagon is taken as the vertical direction, and the upper and lower directions are defined with the end face 3 of the regular octagon as the lower face. I decided to. Also, for convenience, a right-handed xyz orthogonal coordinate system is defined in space. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower surface 3 and the upper surface 2 are parallel to the xy plane, and the upper surface 2 has the x-axis parallel to the edge 8 corresponding to the symmetry line of the regular octagon, And y parallel to the lower surface 3 and in a direction perpendicular to the x axis. Then, the z-axis is taken in the normal direction of the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3. A right-handed xyz Cartesian coordinate system is defined as a "+ (plus)" direction on the z-axis with the direction going from the lower side to the upper side, the x-axis direction as the lateral direction, and the y-axis direction as the longitudinal direction. For each of the front, rear, left, and right directions, the axis 10 of the oblique prism defines the front and rear directions as being inclined upward and rearward from the center of the lower surface 3, depending on the direction when looking from the front to the rear The left and right directions shall be defined.

  FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the unit 1 as viewed from the upper, lower, front, rear, left, and right directions. In each plan view in FIG. 2, the surface on the near side is indicated by hatching. Next, the shape of the unit 1 will be more specifically described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. The unit 1 has a shape obtained by cutting an oblique prism whose lower surface 3 is a regular octagon and inclined 45 ° in the y-axis direction in a plane parallel to the xy plane and the zx plane so that the upper surface 2 and the rear surface 7 have the same shape. The rear surface 7 is a flat hexagon which is divided into two parts to share the edge 9 at the rear end of the lower surface 3 and to be a regular octagon parallel to the zx plane, and the upper surface 2 has the same shape as the rear surface 7 The upper edge 8 at 7 coincides with the rear edge 8 of the upper surface 2. Although the size and the material of the unit 1 can be set appropriately, it is possible for the user to hold the hand and assemble the completed body, so that it is made of a lightweight material with a size that can be handled with one hand. desirable. As shown in FIG. 2, in the unit 1 of the embodiment, the lower surface 3 is a regular octagon circumscribing the circle with a diameter of 86 mm, and the length L1 of each side is about 35 mm. That is, the upper surface 2 and the rear surface 7 are hexagons circumscribed to the semicircle 12 of diameter φ = 86 mm, and the edge 8 serving as the rear edge 8 of the upper surface 2 and the upper edge 8 of the rear surface 7 is the diameter of the semicircle 12. The unit 1 is a hollow body whose surface is formed of a cardboard, and the hollow interior is reinforced by a beam or a column made of particle board. In addition, lacquer is applied to the surface in consideration of feel and allergy to the skin. Of course, the material of the unit 1 and the material applied to the surface of the unit 1 are not limited to the present embodiment, and appropriate materials and materials can be adopted. In addition, since the size of the palm is different between an adult and a child, the size of the unit 1 can be set to an appropriate size.

<Joining surface>
In the assembly-type block of this embodiment, various shapes of finished products can be assembled by detachably connecting the faces of the units. Although it may be possible to bond on all sides, only the one side is connected to each other because the assembly-type block of this embodiment aims at development and improvement of space recognition ability for visually impaired people etc. Excess complexity is avoided as possible surfaces (hereinafter referred to as joint surfaces). In the present embodiment, upper and lower front and rear surfaces (FIG. 2, reference numerals 2, 3, 6 and 7) are used as bonding surfaces. In the present embodiment, a magnetic body is embedded at a predetermined position of each bonding surface, and the units are bonded by a magnetic force. In addition, in order to prevent the units from repelling each other by the same magnetic pole, in the unit 1, a unit in which the magnet is embedded such that the surface side is the N pole, a unit in which the magnet is embedded such that the surface side is the S pole, There are three types of units embedded with unfilled magnetic material. And in order to combine a plurality of units, more than the necessary number of units in which magnets are embedded are used according to the number of units to be used.

  By the way, when joining surfaces of two units face each other and join them, for example, if the lower surfaces are arranged, if a disk-shaped magnet or magnetic material having a relatively large area is disposed at the center of the lower surface 3, The relative rotation angle of can be combined in any direction 360 degrees. Even if the sides are aligned, there are eight bonding methods at 45 ° intervals. However, in view of the purpose of the prefabricated block according to the present invention, the finished product is not required to have excessive diversity, and when one unit has the other unit in a specific positional relationship with respect to the front and back and left and right directions. It is only possible to bond. In general, a predetermined number of magnets and magnetic materials are embedded in predetermined positions in each bonding surface.

  FIG. 3 shows the embedded position of the magnet and the magnetic body (hereinafter also referred to as a joint point 20) in each joint surface. (A) to (D) of FIG. 3 are a plan view of the unit 1 viewed from below, a plan view of the unit 1, a plan view of the unit 1, a plan view of the unit 1, and a plan view of the unit 1. Here, the position of the bonding point 20 in each bonding surface is indicated by “o (white circle)” in each plan view. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the junction 20 of the lower surface 3 is a straight line on the concentric circle 22 equidistant from the center 21 of the regular octagon and parallel to the x axis and the y axis passing through the center 21. It is provided in four places that form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to (23, 24). In this example, a junction point 20 is provided at the intersection of diagonal lines (25, 26) parallel to the x axis and the y axis in a regular octagon. And since the inscribed circle 11 of the lower surface 3 is diameter (phi) = 86 mm, the distance L2 of adjacent junction points (20-20) will be 43 mm. In the present embodiment, a magnetic material having a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 2 mm is embedded in each of the bonding points 20.

  Further, as shown in (B) and (C) of FIG. 3, with regard to the front surface 6 of the unit 1, the length in the vertical direction is equally divided into three on the symmetry line 26 which bisects the front surface 6 horizontally A junction 20 is disposed at the location. For the upper surface 2, as shown in FIG. 3C, an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the line segments (28 and 29) in the x-axis and y-axis directions passing through the middle point 27 of the rear edge 8 of the upper surface 2. There are two junctions 20 where The two joint points 20 are separated from each other by L2 = 43 mm. That is, it coincides with the position of the junction 20 when the lower surface 3 is bisected left and right. Then, as shown in FIG. 3D, the position of the junction 20 of the rear surface 7 is substantially the same as that of the upper surface 2.

  By specifying the position of the junction 20 as shown in FIG. 3, the two units 1 can be joined only when the junctions 20 face each other. Then, in view of the above purpose, when two units 1 are joined, if an artificial rule is made to align and join each side of each joint surface (2 to 7), the upper surfaces (2-2) The front surfaces (6-6), the rear surfaces (7-7), and the upper surface 2 and the rear surface 7 are joined when they are plane-symmetrical to each other. That is, the front surface 6 does not bond to the other bonding surfaces (2, 3, 7).

  With regard to the lower surfaces (3-3), the lower surface 3 and the upper surface 2, and the lower surface 3 and the rear surface 7, even if a rule is made that the above sides are aligned and joined, four angles are physically separated by 90 °. According to the above object, the positional relationship which can be further joined can be restricted by artificial rules, and the two units 1 have their y axes parallel to each other. In case you only allow bonding. Of course, if two junctions 20 adjacent in the left-right direction on the upper surface 2, the lower surface 3 and the rear surface 7 are shifted so as to be separated or approached by an equal distance in the left-right direction from the position shown in FIG. The two units 1 are joined only when their y-axes are parallel to one another, even without artificial rules. In any case, in the lower surface 3, magnetic materials are embedded at four places that are symmetrical in the front and rear direction and in the left and right directions with respect to straight lines (23, 24) parallel to the x and y axes passing the center of the regular octagon, When the upper surface 2 and the rear surface 7 face the lower surface 3 so as to be in plane symmetry with the figure obtained by dividing the lower surface 3 in the front-rear direction, the magnetic material is located at the position facing the magnetic material of the lower surface 3 It is buried.

  The units may be joined not only by magnets but also by using a joining member such as Velcro (registered trademark) or a releasable adhesive, but in a state in which the joining points of the two units are properly opposed to each other. It is necessary to bond, and the user is in a state of limited vision, and it is difficult to align the sides of the bonding surface only by touch. On the other hand, in the method of joining by magnetic force, when the joining points approach each other, the sides are automatically aligned because they are attracted to each other. In addition, with Velcro (registered trademark) and pressure sensitive adhesive, the friction is high, and the touch when holding and handling the unit is impaired. If a magnetic body is used as the bonding method, the bonding surface of the unit can be made flat and made of the material of the unit itself, and the touch feeling is excellent.

=== Shape recognition unit ===
When trying to build a designated complete body using the above-mentioned unit, if the user's vision is not restricted, it is sufficient to show the user some design drawing illustrating the structure of the complete body. However, because the user's vision is limited, some method of tactilely recognizing the design drawing is required. Then, in order to understand the design drawing of the finished product, it is first necessary to have a design drawing of a unit which is a part of the finished product. Therefore, in the block of the present embodiment, a dedicated unit (a unit for shape recognition) capable of recognizing a design drawing of the unit by a tactile sense is prepared. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the shape recognition unit 30. As shown in FIG. Also in FIG. 4, the above-mentioned xyz orthogonal coordinate system and upper, lower, front, rear, left, and right directions are defined, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views when the shape recognition unit 30 is viewed from the upper right. It is a perspective view when it sees from a figure and lower left. The shape recognition unit 30 is a polyhedron having the same shape and shape as the unit 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and has upper and lower front and rear faces (32, 33, 36, 37) corresponding to the joint surfaces; Plate-like marks (hereinafter referred to as unit recognition marks) for causing the top view of each of the upper, lower, front, back, left, and right sides of the unit (2 to 7 in FIG. 1) to be recognized by touch on each of the left and right surfaces (34, 35) 31) is stuck. The unit recognition mark 31 is a flat plate that simulates the outer shape of the plan view when viewed from the respective directions of the x, y, and z axes, that is, the projection shapes onto the yz plane, zx plane, and xy plane. An area of a thickness corresponding to the shape of the bonding surface is formed on FIG. 5 shows a schematic shape of a unit recognition mark 31 attached to each surface (33 to 37) of the shape recognition unit 30. As shown in FIG. 5A to 5F are for unit recognition on each surface of the upper surface 32, lower surface 33, front surface 36, rear surface 37, left side surface 34, and right side surface 35 in the shape recognition unit 30 sequentially shown in FIG. The top view of mark (31U, 31D, 31F, 31B, 31L, 31R) is shown. Further, in the figure, thick regions in the flat unit recognition mark 31 are indicated by hatching. The unit recognition mark 31 formed on each surface (32 to 37) has an outer shape of a plan view as viewed from each direction of x, y, z shown in FIG. While being formed, a region of a shape corresponding to the surface on which the unit recognition mark 31 is formed in the projected shape is formed thick. Thus, the shape of the surface on which the mark is formed can be recognized by the shape of the thick region in the unit recognition mark 31, and the projected shape can be recognized by the outer shape including the thin region. It has become. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the unit 1 of the present embodiment, only the front surface 6 is a slope inclined with respect to the direction of each axis of the orthogonal coordinate system. Therefore, if unit recognition marks 31F are formed on the front surface 36 of the unit 30 for shape recognition based on the plan view itself when the unit 1 is viewed from the y-axis direction, the front surface of the unit 1 can be detected only by the tactile sense 31F. It is possible to lose track of where 6 is inclined towards. Therefore, in the shape recognition unit 30 individually shown, as shown in FIG. 5C, in the actual plan view, the shape of the front surface, which is a rectangle, is marked with a triangle 131, and toward the vertex 132 of the triangle 131. It expresses that the slope is down.

=== Solid Score ===
The block of this embodiment is assembled into a complete body by joining a plurality of units at their joint surfaces. And for the development and improvement of space recognition ability using units, instead of assembling arbitrary finished products using multiple units, the shape of the finished product having a specific shape is recognized in advance by the design drawing and its recognition Complete the product using the actual unit based on the design drawings, and check whether the assembled product matches the completed product recognized in advance as a design drawing. is necessary.

  The block of this embodiment is provided with a shape recognition unit for causing the user to tactilely recognize a design of a unit to be a part of the finished product before assembling the finished product. And in the block of a present Example, the solid musical score corresponding to the design drawing of a completed body is provided. The three-dimensional musical score will be described below by giving a concrete example of the completed body.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a completed product. In the completed body 100 shown here, the rear surfaces of the two units (1a, 1b) are joined. In each of the upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear directions in the completed body 100, since each of the two units (1a, 1b) constituting the completed body 100 is individually set with a coordinate system, the plane contacting the horizontal surface here While defining the upper surface of the completed body 110 with the lower surface as the lower surface, the x, y, and z axes in any one unit 1 constituting the completed body 110 are adopted. In the completed body 100 shown in FIG. 6, the upper, lower, front, rear, left and right directions of the unit 1a on the left front side of the sheet are adopted as the respective directions in the completed body 100 as shown in the figure.

  7A and 7B are perspective views of the solid music score 200 corresponding to the completed body 100 shown in FIG. 6, and FIGS. 7A and 7B show perspective views when the solid music score 200 is viewed from two different directions. ing. The three-dimensional music score 200 is a plan view of the completed body 100 as viewed from each direction, as in the case of the unit recognition mark 31 described above, a flat plate (hereinafter also referred to as a completed object recognition mark 202) having a partially different thickness. It is expressed using. That is, with respect to the projected shape corresponding to the outline of the plan view of the completed body, the shape corresponding to the surface closest to the front side when the plan view is made thick. The three-dimensional musical score 200 in this example consists of a cup-shaped polyhedron whose bottom surface 201a is a square, and represents a plan view corresponding to the completed body 100 on a total of four surfaces of the bottom surface 201a and the side surfaces (201b to 201d). The completed object recognition marks (202a to 202d) are formed. Further, among the four side surfaces (201b to 201e) of the three-dimensional music score 200, a three-dimensional view 203 such as a perspective view or a photograph of the completed body 100 is attached to the side surface 201e where the completed object recognition mark 202 is not formed. . As a result, a person who gives a user a development instruction of space recognition ability can visually confirm the shape of the completed body 100. In the three-dimensional musical score 200 shown in this example, the mark 202a for recognizing the complete body corresponding to the upper surface of the complete body 100 is formed on the bottom surface 201a, and the lower surface of the complete body 100 is placed on the horizontal surface. Corresponding completed body recognition marks 202a are formed on the bottom surface 201a of the solid music score 200, and the completed body recognition marks (202b) corresponding to the appropriate three of the front surface, back surface, left surface and right surface other than the lower surface and the upper surface To 202d) are formed on three sides (201b to 201d) of the three-dimensional music score 200. FIG. 8 individually shows marks for complete object recognition (202a to 202d) formed on the surfaces (201a to 201d) of the three-dimensional music score 200 shown in FIG. Here, the bold line arrow indicates the correspondence between the bottom surface 201a of the three-dimensional music score 200, the three side surfaces (201b to 201d), and the completed object recognition marks (202a to 202d) formed on each surface (201a to 201d). . Planes (201a to 201d) in which the marks for recognizing the completed body (202a to 202d) corresponding to the plan views of predetermined four sides of the completed body 100 have the same relative positional relationship as the four sides of the finished body 100 on the three-dimensional music score 200 Is formed.

  The three-dimensional music score 200 shown in FIG. 7 is formed so that the side of the opening 204 is wider than the bottom surface 201a, and a plurality of three-dimensional music scores 200 can be stacked as shown in FIG. . This improves portability and storability. Of course, the outer shape of the solid score may be formed by a cube or the like. The plan view corresponding to the plane as viewed from the respective directions of the x, y and z axes in the specific unit constituting the completed body may be shown by the completed body recognition mark. For reference, solid finished music sheets corresponding to other finished products and the finished products are shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. FIG. 10 shows an example of a completed body 110 using four units (1a to 1d), and FIG. 11 is formed on a solid music score 210 corresponding to the completed body shown in FIG. 10 and each surface (201a to 201d) The completed object recognition marks (212a to 212d) are shown. Here, when the completed body 110 is placed on a horizontal surface, the upper surface of the completed body 110 is defined with the surface in contact with the horizontal surface as the lower surface, and the x, y, z axes in any one unit 1 constituting the completed body 110 Is formed on the bottom surface 201a of the three-dimensional music score 210, and the mark 212a for recognizing the completed object corresponding to the plan view of the upper surface of the completed body 110 is formed on three of the four sides of the three-dimensional music score 210. Marks (212b to 212d) for recognizing a completed object corresponding to a plan view as viewed from the direction of any two axes of the x, y and z axes in any one unit 1 constituting the body 110 There is. Since the complete body 110 shown in FIG. 10 has the z-axis direction coincident with all the units (1a to 1d), the complete body formed on the three side surfaces (201b to 201d) of the three-dimensional music score 210 The recognition marks (212 b to 212 d) correspond to plan views of the completed unit 110 when viewed from the direction of the x-axis or y-axis in any unit 1.

=== Other features of the embodiment ===
In a block in which units are joined together using magnetic force, there are cases where units are attracted to each other and cases where they are repelled according to a combination of magnetic poles. In the case where a plurality of units in which a non-magnetized magnetic body is embedded is included, there are cases where neither adsorption nor repulsion occurs. However, the presence or absence of the magnetic pole and the magnetization can not be confirmed without actually combining the units, for a user whose vision is limited, even if the fact is marked on the surface of the unit. Therefore, in the block of this embodiment, the type of the unit corresponding to the presence or absence of the magnetic pole and the magnetization can be confirmed by hearing. Specifically, for a unit in which a magnet is embedded, a member (hereinafter, a sound generator) that emits a sound when the unit is shaken inside the hollow is built. In addition, sound-producing bodies having different timbres according to the magnetic poles are incorporated. Here, a granular member (such as soybean) is enclosed inside the unit for one of the N and S magnetic poles, and a bell or the like generated by itself is inserted for the other magnetic pole. Of course, in the case of a unit in which a magnet is embedded at the junction, the sounding body needs to be made of a nonmagnetic material so as not to be attracted to the magnet. In any case, when you shake the unit, the internal sounding body strikes the inner surface of the unit and makes a sound, or the sounding body itself makes a sound, and sounds with different tones depending on the type of the unit, and hearing the type of the unit It can be determined. The sound generator is not built in the unit in which the unmagnetized magnetic material is embedded. Of course, sound generators with different timbres may be incorporated. Thus, by enclosing the sounding body inside the unit having a hollow structure, it is possible to determine whether the magnetic substance embedded in the unit is magnetized or not, and whether the magnet embedded therein is magnetized simply by waving the hand holding the unit. It can be recognized that the pole of the is directed to the surface.

  The unit has a bonding surface that can be bonded to each other and a surface that can not be bonded (hereinafter, also referred to as a non-bonding surface), but it is difficult to distinguish between the bonding surface and the non-bonding surface using tactile sense alone. Therefore, the surface processing is performed so that the surface of the bonding surface and the surface of the non-bonding surface have different tactile sensations. In the present embodiment, the upper and lower front and rear surfaces which are bonding surfaces are flat surfaces, and the non-bonding surface is satin.

=== Other Examples ===
<About the shape of the unit>
The unit is not limited to the shape of this embodiment. For example, even in the case of a polyhedron in which an oblique prism is used as a prototype as in the present embodiment, the shape of the end face may be a polygon other than octagon. It may be a unit formed of a polygonal pyramid or a truncated pyramid, or a unit constituting an ellipsoid block described in Patent Document 1 above.

  However, the unit in the above-described embodiment has excellent characteristics not found in other polyhedrons, and can be said to be a more preferable example for solving the object of the present invention. Specifically, using the external view of the unit shown in FIG. 1, the unit 1 has upper and lower surfaces (2, 3) parallel to the xy, yz, and zx surfaces in the orthogonal coordinate system, and left and right side surfaces (4, 5) and the five surfaces of the rear surface 7 and the front surface 6 in which the zx surface is inclined 45 °, and have a simple symmetrical shape that is easy to recognize only with a tactile sense. In addition, since the up and down and front and back directions are asymmetric, it is possible to give the finished body a necessary and sufficient variety.

  In addition, the shapes projected onto the xy plane, the yz plane, and the zx plane except for the front face coincide with the outer shape of the plan view. Moreover, only one surface (hereinafter, also referred to as a connecting surface 15) for connecting the sides adjacent to each other intervenes between the upper, lower, left and right front and rear surfaces (2 to 7). That is, the surfaces (2 to 7) in the top, bottom, left, right, front and back are connected by the simplest method without passing through a plurality of surfaces. Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the surfaces (2 to 7) can be easily recognized simply by touching the upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear surfaces (2 to 7). As a result, it becomes easy to associate the planar shape of the unit or the complete body recognized by the unit recognition mark or the complete body recognition mark with the three-dimensional shape of the unit or the complete body by touch when assembling the completed body.

  Furthermore, in the block according to the above embodiment, based on the above rule, there are 11 types of complete bodies that can be assembled when using two units, and this number of 11 is a person who is at an early stage in the development process of space recognition ability. It is a good number for sustaining the desire to develop and improve spatial recognition ability. As such, if basic spatial skills are developed using two units, then four more units can be used to assemble more complex three-dimensional shapes to improve spatial recognition capabilities. In the case of using four units according to the above-mentioned rule, there are about 1000 types of completed products. Among the 1000 types of finished products, there are shapes that are relatively easy to recognize, and some that are difficult to recognize and have a high degree of difficulty in assembly. As described above, according to the blocks of the above-described embodiment, the space recognition ability can be reliably improved by assembling a completed product according to the number of units and the degree of difficulty according to the development situation of the space recognition ability.

<About the mark for recognizing completed objects>
When a plan view of a completed body viewed from a certain direction is represented by a completed body recognition mark on a solid music score, a plurality of units may be arranged along that direction. In the completed body 110 shown in FIG. 10, assuming that the vertical direction is the depth direction, four units (1a to 1d) are arranged in the depth direction when viewed from the vertical direction. Therefore, the unit arranged in the depth direction may be reflected on the completed object recognition mark. For example, in the completed body 120 shown in a perspective view in FIG. 12, the other unit 1b is disposed behind the unit 1a which is on the right front side in the drawing in the perspective view. When the directions of the upper, lower, front, rear, left, and right of this unit 1a are adopted as the directions of the completed body 120, the completed body recognition mark corresponding to the plan view when the completed body 120 is viewed from the front Although an area corresponding to the front surface 6a of the unit 1a on the front side is expressed in thick on a flat plate having a flat plate, unless a mark for recognizing a completed object corresponding to a surface other than the front surface of the completed body 120 is accurately recognized, It is difficult to understand that two units (1a, 1b) are aligned in the front-rear direction. Therefore, in the completed object recognition mark, the area corresponding to the outer shape of the unit 1a in front is made thicker than the area corresponding to the unit 1b in the rear, and the area corresponding to the surface 6a in the front is made thicker. Is considered. FIG. 13 is a mark 222 for recognizing a completed body corresponding to a plan view when the completed body 120 shown in FIG. 12 is viewed from the front, and here, the mark 222 for recognizing a completed body is shown in three views. As shown in FIG. 13, the completed object recognition mark 222 has three regions (222 a to 222 c) having different thicknesses. In the figure, each area (222a to 222c) is indicated by different types of hatching. And in this completed object recognition mark 222, a thick region 222b showing the outer region of the front unit 1a on the region 222a with the thinnest thickness corresponding to the rear unit 1b in the completed body 120 shown in FIG. There is a thicker region 222c corresponding to the front surface 6a of the unit 1a in the region 222b showing the outline of the unit 1a in front of it. As a result, in addition to the outer shape in the plan view of the completed body 120 and the shape of the surface 6a closest to the top view, the arrangement of the rear and front units (1b, 1a) can also be recognized.

1, 1a to 1d unit, 20 junction points, 30 shape recognition unit,
31 Unit recognition mark, 100, 110, 120 complete body,
200, 210 three-dimensional musical score, 202, 212, 222 marks for recognizing completed objects,
203 Three-dimensional drawing of the finished body

Claims (11)

It is an assembly-type block in which a complete body is constructed by combining a plurality of identical units having a plurality of faces, and a shape recognition unit to be a design drawing of the unit and a solid music surface to be a design drawing of the complete body. Including
The unit has a joining surface which can be joined to each other and a non-joining surface which can not be joined to each other, and is configured to be joined to each other by facing the joining surfaces.
The unit for shape recognition has the same shape as the unit, and a unit recognition mark for causing the user to recognize the plan view of the unit including the joint surface on at least a surface corresponding to the joint surface is formed. ,
When the unit recognition mark defines an xyz Cartesian coordinate system with a specific bonding surface in the unit as the xy plane, the unit when the bonding surface is viewed from any of the x, y, and z axes A flat plate having the same shape as the plane projection shape of the above, and a region representing the joint surface is formed thick,
The solid score is a polyhedron having a plane corresponding to the xy plane, the yz plane, and the zx plane when the xyz orthogonal coordinate system in any one unit constituting the completed body is adopted, and the xy plane In the plane corresponding to the yz plane and the zx plane, the user is required to recognize the top view of the plan view when the finished body is viewed from the z-axis, x-axis and y-axis directions respectively The mark is formed,
The mark for recognizing the completed body is formed of a flat plate having the same shape as the outline of the plan view of the completed body, and a region representing the surface closest to the front side in the plan view is formed thick.
A prefabricated block characterized by   In Claim 1, when a plurality of units are included in the depth direction in the plan view of the corresponding completed body, the completed-object recognition mark is on the near side with respect to the region corresponding to the unit on the far side in the plan view. An area corresponding to the unit in is formed thick.   The assembly-type block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit is subjected to different surface processing so that the joint surface and the non-joint surface have different tactile sensations when the user touches the surface. .   The assembly-type block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a three-dimensional view of a complete body corresponding to the three-dimensional music score is displayed on one surface of the three-dimensional music score. In any one of claims 1 to 4,
A magnetic material is embedded in the bonding surface of the unit,
In the unit, a first unit in which a permanent magnet is embedded such that the N pole faces outward, and a second unit in which a permanent magnet is embedded such that the S pole faces outward, unmagnetized magnetism Of the three types of units of the third unit in which the body is embedded, at least two types of units are mixed,
A prefabricated block characterized by   6. The sound generator according to claim 5, wherein at least two types of units among the first to third units have a hollow structure and a sounding body that emits different sounds when the user holds and shakes the hand is enclosed inside. Assembly block characterized in that In claim 5 or 6,
The unit has upper and lower end faces each having a regular octagon parallel to the xy plane and parallel to the x axis, and an oblique prism having a central axis in the direction in which the z axis is inclined 45 ° in the y axis direction is the xy plane and It is a polyhedron cut by zx plane,
The polyhedron includes the lower surface of a regular octagon parallel to the xy plane with the x-axis direction as the left-right direction, the y-axis direction as the front-back direction, and the z-axis direction as the lower edge. And the oblique prism is cut by a plane parallel to the xy-plane including the rear edge of the rear surface including the rear edge of the rear surface and the regular octagon back and forth An upper surface bisected into two, and a front surface inclined at 45 ° in the y-axis direction in a plane parallel to the zx plane connecting the front edge of the upper surface and the front edge of the lower surface;
In the unit, the upper, lower, front and rear surfaces are the bonding surfaces,
In the unit for shape recognition, a mark for causing the user to recognize the plan view when the unit is viewed from the x-axis direction is formed as the unit recognition mark on the surface corresponding to the left and right sides of the unit. The mark is made of a flat plate having the same shape as the plan projection shape of the plan view, and the area representing the surface closest to the front side in the plan view is formed thick.
A prefabricated block characterized by In claim 7,
On the lower surface, the magnetic material is embedded at four places that are symmetrical longitudinally and laterally with respect to a straight line parallel to the x-axis and y-axis passing through the center of the regular octagon,
The upper surface and the rear surface face the magnetic material embedded in the lower surface when the upper surface and the rear surface face each other so as to be plane-symmetrical to a figure obtained by dividing the lower surface in the front-rear direction. The magnetic material is buried,
In the front surface, the magnetic body is embedded at division point positions where the length in the vertical direction is equally divided into a plurality of lines on a symmetry line that divides the front surface into two left and right.
A prefabricated block characterized by   9. The unit recognition mark and the completed product recognition mark according to claim 7, wherein the region corresponding to the front of the unit is represented by an isosceles triangle with the top side as the base and the bottom side as the vertex. A prefabricated block characterized by   The unit for shape recognition that constitutes the assembly block according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   The three-dimensional musical score constituting the prefabricated block according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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