JP6505824B2 - シンジオタクチックプロピレンポリマーおよび同を含む潤滑油 - Google Patents
シンジオタクチックプロピレンポリマーおよび同を含む潤滑油 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6505824B2 JP6505824B2 JP2017505200A JP2017505200A JP6505824B2 JP 6505824 B2 JP6505824 B2 JP 6505824B2 JP 2017505200 A JP2017505200 A JP 2017505200A JP 2017505200 A JP2017505200 A JP 2017505200A JP 6505824 B2 JP6505824 B2 JP 6505824B2
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title description 10
- -1 phosphide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 188
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 62
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012041 precatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 25
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O dimethyl(phenyl)azanium Chemical group C[NH+](C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001576 syndiotactic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005208 trialkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 54
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 28
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 27
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- NMLGKEDSNASIHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6,7,8-heptafluoronaphthalen-1-yl)oxyboronic acid Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C2C(OB(O)O)=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C2=C1F NMLGKEDSNASIHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HFKJQIJFRMRSKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 HFKJQIJFRMRSKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 230000003081 coactivator Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 10
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbachol Chemical group [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(N)=O AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000003800 germyl group Chemical group [H][Ge]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 9
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxaluminane Chemical compound C[Al]1CCCCO1 AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 8
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienylium Chemical compound C1=CC=C[CH+]=C[CH]1 OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 7
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritylium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical compound [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- GJTGYNPBJNRYKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-ene;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.CCCCC=C GJTGYNPBJNRYKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O diethyl(phenyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 4
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triphenylphosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical group CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilicon Chemical group C[Si]C JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- JZBZLRKFJWQZHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,2,4,6-pentamethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C JZBZLRKFJWQZHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000005062 perfluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1F)F)F)F)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CXKQHHJKHZXXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilanylium Chemical compound CC[Si+](CC)CC CXKQHHJKHZXXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SRLHDBRENZFCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-di(butan-2-yl)butan-2-amine Chemical compound CCC(C)N(C(C)CC)C(C)CC SRLHDBRENZFCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJAIOCKFIORVFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-4-nitroaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 QJAIOCKFIORVFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYQYCASVINMDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-ditert-butyl-2-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C CYQYCASVINMDFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXHZINYFIPNPPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl) borate Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=CC(F)=C1OB(OC=1C(=C(F)C(F)=CC=1F)F)OC1=C(F)C=C(F)C(F)=C1F IXHZINYFIPNPPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F210/06—Propene
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/14—Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
- C08F2500/12—Melt flow index or melt flow ratio
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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Description
本出願は、2014年7月31日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/031,469号の優先権および利益を主張し、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
技術分野
シンジオタクチックポリマー
重合
触媒化合物
Mはジルコニウムであり、
L1は、非置換の、フルオレニル、ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニルもしくはヘテロフルオレニル、または1個以上の対称性もしくは擬似対称性置換基を有する置換された、フルオレニル、ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニルもしくはヘテロフルオレニル配位子であり、各置換基が独立にヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、任意的に2個以上の隣接した置換基が一緒になって置換または非置換の、飽和、部分的に不飽和または芳香族の、環状または多環状の置換基を形成してもよく、
L2は、シクロペンタジエニル環または置換シクロペンタジエニル環であり、該置換シクロペンタジエニル環は環の2および5の位置に1個以上の対称性または擬似対称性置換基を有し、各置換基は独立にヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、
Gは架橋基であり、
Xは独立に、ヒドリド基、ヒドロカルビル基、置換ヒドロカルビル基、ハロカルビル基、置換ハロカルビル基、シリルカルビル基、置換シリルカルビル基、ゲルミルカルビル基もしくは置換ゲルミルカルビル基であり、または両方のXは一緒に金属原子に結合されて約3〜約20個の炭素原子を含有する金属環状化合物環を形成し、または両方はともにオレフィン、ジオレフィンまたはアリーン配位子であることができ、両方のXは独立に、ハロゲン、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アミド、ホスフィドまたは他の1価のアニオン配位子であってもよく、または両方のXは一緒になってアニオンキレート化配位子を形成することもできる。
L1は、フルオレニルまたは置換フルオレニルであり;好ましくはフルオレニル、2,7−ジメチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジエチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジプロピルフルオレニル、2,7−ジブチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジフェニルフルオレニル、2,7−ジクロロフルオレニル、2,7−ジブロモフルオレニル、3,6−ジメチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジエチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジプロピルフルオレニル、3,6−ジブチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジフェニルフルオレニル、3,6−ジクロロフルオレニル、3,6−ジブロモフルオレニル、2,7−ジターシャリブチルフルオレニルまたは1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10−オクタメチル−オクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニルであり;より好ましくはフルオレニル、2,7−ジメチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジエチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジプロピルフルオレニル、2,7−ジブチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジメチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジエチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジプロピルフルオレニル、3,6−ジブチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジターシャリブチルフルオレニルまたは1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10−オクタメチル−オクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニルであり;最も好ましくは2,7−ジターシャリブチルフルオレニルまたはフルオレニルであり、
L2は、好ましくはシクロペンタジエニルであり、
Gは、好ましくはメチレン、ジメチルメチレン、ジフェニルメチレン、ジメチルシリレン、ジフェニルシリレン、ジ(4−トリエチルシリルフェニル)シリレン、エチレンまたはジ(パラ−トリエチルシリルフェニル)メチレンであり;より好ましくはジフェニルメチレン、ジフェニルシリレン、ジメチルシリレン、エチレンまたはジ(パラ−トリエチルシリルフェニル)メチレンであり;最も好ましくはジフェニルメチレンまたはジ(パラ−トリエチルシリルフェニル)メチレンであり、
Xは、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはハロ、より好ましくメチル、ベンジル、フルオロもしくはクロロ、最も好ましくはメチルまたはクロロであり、
Mはジルコニウムである。
M、GおよびXは式(1)におけるように定義され、
各RaおよびRbは、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビル、ゲルミルカルビルまたは極性基から選ばれ、任意的に、2個以上の隣接した置換基は一緒になって、置換または非置換の、飽和、部分的に不飽和または芳香族の、環状または多環状の置換基を形成してもよく、ただし、各Raは同じでありかつ各Rbは同じであり該化合物がCsまたは擬似Csであることが可能であることを条件とし、
各Rcは、他方との関係で対称性または擬似対称性の置換基であり、水素またはヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビル基から選ばれ、
各Rdは、他方との関係で対称または擬似対称の置換基であり、水素またはヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビル基から選ばれる。
RcおよびRdは好ましくは水素であり、
各RaおよびRbは、水素、臭素、塩素、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチルまたはフェニルから選ばれ、より好ましくはRaは水素でありRbは水素、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルから選ばれ、またはRbは水素でありRaは水素、メチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルから選ばれ、さらにより好ましくはRaは水素でありRbはターシャリブチルまたは水素であり、
Gは、好ましくはメチレン、ジメチルメチレン、ジフェニルメチレン、ジメチルシリレン、ジフェニルシリレン、ジ(4−トリエチルシリルフェニル)シリレン、エチレン;より好ましくはジフェニルメチレン、ジフェニルシリレンおよびジメチルシリレン;最も好ましくはジフェニルメチレンであり、
Xは、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはハロ、より好ましくはメチル、ベンジル、フルオロまたはクロロ、最も好ましくはメチルまたはクロロであり、
Mは好ましくはジルコニウムである。
Mはジルコニウムであり、
L1は、非置換の、フルオレニル、ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニルもしくはヘテロフルオレニルであり、または1個以上の対称性または擬似対称性置換基で置換された、フルオレニル、ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニルもしくはヘテロフルオレニル配位子であって、各置換基が独立に、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、任意的に2個以上の隣接した置換基が一緒になって置換または非置換の、飽和、部分的に不飽和または芳香族の、環状または多環状の置換基を形成しており、
Gは架橋基であり、
Jは第15族のヘテロ原子、好ましくはNまたはP、最も好ましくはNであり、
R’はヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビルまたは置換ハロカルビルである基であり、
L’は中性のルイス塩基であり、wはMに結合されたL’の個数を表し、ここでwは0、1または2であり、任意的に、任意のL’と任意のXとは互いに結合されることができ、
Xは独立に、ヒドリド基、ヒドロカルビル基、置換ヒドロカルビル基、ハロカルビル基、置換ハロカルビル基、シリルカルビル基、置換シリルカルビル基、ゲルミルカルビル基もしくは置換ゲルミルカルビル基であり、または両方のXは一緒になって金属原子に結合されて約3〜約20個の炭素原子を含有する金属環状化合物環を形成し、または両方はともにオレフィン、ジオレフィンもしくはアリーン配位子であることができ、両方のXは独立に、ハロゲン、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アミド、ホスフィドもしくは他の1価のアニオン配位子であってもよく、または両方のXは一緒になってアニオンキレート化配位子を形成することもできる。
L1はフルオレニルまたは置換フルオレニルであり;好ましくはフルオレニル、2,7−ジメチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジエチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジプロピルフルオレニル、2,7−ジブチルフルオレニル、2,7−ジフェニルフルオレニル、2,7−ジクロロフルオレニル、2,7−ジブロモフルオレニル、3,6−ジメチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジエチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジプロピルフルオレニル、3,6−ジブチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジフェニルフルオレニル、3,6−ジクロロフルオレニル、3,6−ジブロモフルオレニルまたは1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10−オクタメチル−オクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニルであり;または好ましくは2,7−ジターシャリブチルフルオレニル、3,6−ジターシャリブチルフルオレニル、1,1,4,4,7,7,10,10−オクタメチル−オクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニルまたはフルオレニルである。
Gは、メチレン、ジメチルメチレン、ジフェニルメチレン、ジメチルシリレン、メチルフェニルシリレン、ジフェニルシリレン、ジ(4−トリエチルシリルフェニル)シリレン、エチレン;または好ましくはジメチルシリレンである。
Jは好ましくは窒素である。
R’は、ヒドロカルビルもしくはハロカルビル、または好ましくはC3〜C20ヒドロカルビル、または好ましくはプロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ウンデシル、ドデシル、ベンジル、フェニルおよび置換フェニルのいずれかの異性体(環状体および多環状体を含む。)、または好ましくはターシャリブチル、ネオペンチル、ベンジル、フェニル、ジイソプロピルフェニル、アダマンチル、ノルボルニル、シクロヘキシル、シクロオクチル、シクロデシルもしくはシクロドデシル、または好ましくはターシャリブチル、アダマンタ−1−イル、ノルボルナ−2−イル、シクロヘキシル、シクロオクチルまたはシクロドデシルである。
Xはヒドロカルビルまたはハロ、より好ましくはメチル、ベンジル、フルオロもしくはクロロ、または好ましくはメチルもしくはクロロであり、
wは好ましくは零(L’が存在しない。)であり、
Mはジルコニウムである。
Mはジルコニウムであり、
L3は、シクロペンタジエニル環であり、任意的にその環の4の位置で置換されており、その置換基はヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基から選ばれ、
L4は、置換シクロペンタジエニル環であり、その環の3および5の位置に対称性または擬似対称性の置換基を有し、各置換基は独立に、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、
G’およびG’’は架橋基であり、
Xは独立に、ヒドリド基、ヒドロカルビル基、置換ヒドロカルビル基、ハロカルビル基、置換ハロカルビル基、シリルカルビル基、置換シリルカルビル基、ゲルミルカルビル基もしくは置換ゲルミルカルビル基であり、または両方のXは一緒になって金属原子に結合されて約3〜約20個の炭素原子を含有する金属環状化合物環を形成し、または両方はともにオレフィン、ジオレフィンまたはアリーン配位子であることができ、両方のXは独立に、ハロゲン、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アミド、ホスフィドもしくは他の1価のアニオン配位子であってもよく、または両方のXは一緒になってアニオンキレート化配位子を形成することもできる。
L3は、シクロペンタジエニル、またはヒドロカルビルもしくはシリルカルビル置換シクロペンタジエニルであり、そのシクロペンタジエニル環の4の位置に置換基を有し;または好ましくはシクロペンタジエニル、4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル、4−エチルシクロペンタジエニル、4−プロピルシクロペンタジエニル、4−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル、4−ペンチルシクロペンタジエニル、 4−ヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル、4−ヘプチルシクロペンタジエニル、3−オクチルシクロペンタジエニルもしくは4−トリメチルシリルシクロペンタジエニル;または好ましくはシクロペンタジエニル、4−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル、4−ターシャリ-ブチルシクロペンタジエニル、4−(2,2−ジメチルペンタ−3−イル)シクロペンタジエニル、4−(2,2−ジメチルブタ−3−イル)シクロペンタジエニルもしくは4−トリメチルシリルシクロペンタジエニル;または好ましくはシクロペンタジエニル、4−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニルもしくは4−トリメチルシリルシクロペンタジエニルであり、
L4は、シクロペンタジエニル、またはシリルカルビル置換シクロペンタジエニルであり、そのシクロペンタジエニル環の3および5の位置に置換基を有し;または好ましくは3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジエチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジプロピルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジブチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジペンチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジベンジルシクロペンタジエニルもしくは3,5−ビス(トリメチルシリル)シクロペンタジエニル;または好ましくは3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジ−ターシャリブチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジペンタ−3−イルシクロペンタジエニル、 3,5−ジシクロヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジベンジルシクロペンタジエニルもしくは3,5−ビス(トリメチルシリル)シクロペンタジエニル;または好ましくは3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジ−ターシャリブチルシクロペンタジエニル、3,5−ジベンジルシクロペンタジエニルもしくは3,5−ビス(トリメチルシリル)シクロペンタジエニルであり、
各G’およびG’’はメチレン、ジメチルメチレン、ジメチルシリレン、または好ましくはジメチルメチレン、ジメチルシリレン、または好ましくはジメチルシリレンであり
Xはヒドロカルビルもしくはハロ、または好ましくはメチル、ベンジル、フロロもしくはクロロ、または好ましくはメチルもしくはクロロであり、
Mはジルコニウムである。
M、G’、G’’およびXは、式(3)におけるのと同様に定義され、
Reは、水素またはヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビル基から選ばれ、
各RfおよびRgは、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビル基から選ばれ、ただし各RfおよびRgはこの化合物がCs対称性または擬似Cs対称性であることが可能であるように選ばれることを条件とする。
各RfおよびRgは、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはシリルカルビル、より好ましくはメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ベンジルまたはトリメチルシリル、より好ましくは、メチル、イソプロピル、ターシャリブチル、シクロペンチル、ペンタ−3−イル、シクロヘキシル、ベンジルまたはトリメチルシリル、最も好ましくはメチル、イソプロピル、ターシャリブチル、ベンジルまたはトリメチルシリルであり、
Reは、好ましくは水素、ヒドロカルビルまたはシリルカルビル、より好ましくはメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチルまたはトリメチルシリル、さらにより好ましくは水素、イソプロピル、ターシャリブチル、2,2−ジメチルペンタ−3−イル、2,2−ジメチルブタ−3−イルまたはトリメチルシリル、最も好ましくは水素、イソプロピルまたはトリメチルシリルである。
G、G’およびG’’は、R* 2C、R* 2Si、R* 2Ge、R* 2CCR* 2、R*C=CR*、R* 2iCSiR* 2、R* 2SiSiR* 2、R*B、R* 2C−BR*、R*N、R*P、O、SおよびSeから選ばれ、ここで各R*は独立に、水素、C1〜C20含有ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビル置換基から選ばれ、任意的に2以上の隣接したR*は一緒になって置換または非置換の、飽和、部分的に不飽和または芳香族の、環状または多環状の置換基を形成してもよい。好ましくはG、G’およびG’’はR* 2C、R* 2Si、R* 2Ge、R* 2CCR* 2、R*B、R*N、O、SまたはSeから選ばれ、ここで各R*は上で定義されたとおりである。最も好ましくはG、G’およびG’’はR* 2C、R* 2SiおよびR* 2CCR* 2から選ばれる。
Mはジルコニウムまたはチタンであり、
Oは酸素であり、
Nは窒素であり、
R1は、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、最も好ましくはR1はハロカルビルであり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、最も好ましくはR2は3個以上の炭素原子を有するヒドロカルビルまたは3個以上の炭素原子を有するシリルカルビルであり、
R3、R4およびR5は独立に、水素、またはヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、最も好ましくはR3、R4およびR5は水素であり、
Xは独立に、ヒドリド基、ヒドロカルビル基、置換ヒドロカルビル基、ハロカルビル基、置換ハロカルビル基、シリルカルビル基、ゲルミルカルビル基または置換ゲルミルカルビル基であり、または両方のXは一緒になって金属原子に結合されて約3〜約20個の炭素原子を含有する金属環状化合物環を形成し、または両方はともにオレフィン、ジオレフィンまたはアリーン配位子であることができ、両方のXは独立に、ハロゲン、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アミド、ホスフィドもしくは他の1価のアニオン配位子であってもよく、または両方のXは一緒になってアニオンキレート化配位子を形成することもできる。
R1は、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはハロカルビル基、より好ましくはメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ベンジル、フェニル、メチルフェニル、ジメチルフェニル、エチルフェニル、ジエチルフェニル、プロピルフェニル、ジプロピルフェニル、パーフルオロフェニル、トリフルオロフェニル、ジフルオロフェニルまたはフルオロフェニル、より好ましくはフェニル、2−メチルフェニル、2,6−ジメチルフェニル、2−イソプロピルフェニル、パーフルオロフェニル、2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル、2,6−ジフルオロフェニル、3,5−ジフルオロフェニルまたは4−フルオロフェニル、最も好ましくはパーフルオロフェニルであり、
R2は、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはシリルカルビル基、より好ましくはC3〜C12ヒドロカルビルまたはC3〜C12シリルカルビル、さらにより好ましくはプロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、クミルまたはトリメチルシリル、なおさらにより好ましくはイソプロピル、ターシャリブチル、クミルまたはトリメチルシリル、最も好ましくはターシャリブチルまたはトリメチルシリルであり、
R3、R4およびR5は、好ましくは水素またはヒドロカルビル基、最も好ましくは水素であり、
Xは、好ましくはヒドロカルビルまたはハロ、より好ましくはメチル、ベンジル、フロロまたはクロロ、最も好ましくはメチルまたはクロロであり、
Mはチタンである。
活性化剤および触媒の活性化
担持触媒
連鎖移動剤
モノマー
シンジオタクチックプロピレン−α−オレフィンポリマーの特性
潤滑油
実施例
シンジオタクチックプロピレン−ヘキセンポリマーの調製
表2:潤滑油組成物
Claims (7)
- 潤滑油であって、
(i)前記潤滑油の重量基準で少なくとも50重量%の基油、および
(ii)プロピレン由来単位および1−ヘキセン由来単位を含むシンジオタクチックポリマーであって、前記ポリマーが約0.1〜約20g/10分の、ASTM D−1238(2.16kg、230℃)によって測定されたメルトフローレートおよび約1.5超の増粘効率を有するポリマーを含むものである、潤滑油。 - 前記ポリマーが、約1〜約10g/10分のメルトフローレートを有する、請求項1に記載の潤滑油。
- 請求項1または2に記載の潤滑油であって、以下の特性(a)、(b)および(c)の1つ以上を有する潤滑油:
(a)約50cSt超の、ASTM D445−3によって測定された40℃での動粘度、
(b)約10cSt超の、ASTM D445−5によって測定された100℃での動粘度、および
(c)約120超の、ASTM D2270によって計算された粘度指数。 - 前記シンジオタクチックポリマーを製造する重合方法が、プロピレンおよび4〜20個の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1種のα−オレフィンを、前記ポリマーを製造するのに十分な条件の下で反応器中でプレ触媒化合物および活性化剤を含む触媒系と接触させる工程を含み、
前記プレ触媒化合物が式(1)、(2)、(3)または(4)の構造を有するものから選ばれ、
式(1)の構造が、Csまたは擬似Cs対称性および以下の式(1)を有し、
この式で、
Mはジルコニウムであり、
L1は、非置換フルオレニル、非置換ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニル、非置換ヘテロフルオレニル、1個以上の対称性もしくは擬似対称性置換基を有する、置換フルオレニル、置換ヘテロシクロペンタペンタレニルまたは置換ヘテロフルオレニル配位子であり、各置換基が独立にヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、任意的に2個以上の隣接した置換基が一緒になって置換または非置換の、飽和、部分的に不飽和または芳香族の、環状または多環状の置換基を形成してもよく、
L2は、シクロペンタジエニル環または置換シクロペンタジエニル環であり、前記置換シクロペンタジエニル環は2および5の位置に1個以上の対称性または擬似対称性置換基を有し、各置換基は独立にヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、
Gは架橋基であり、および
Xは独立に、ハロゲン、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アミド、ホスフィド、ヒドリド基、ヒドロカルビル基、置換ヒドロカルビル基、ハロカルビル基、置換ハロカルビル基、シリルカルビル基、置換シリルカルビル基、ゲルミルカルビル基もしくは置換ゲルミルカルビル基であり;または両方のXは一緒に金属原子に結合されて3〜20個の炭素原子を含有する金属環状化合物環を形成し;または両方はともにオレフィン、ジオレフィンもしくはアリーン配位子であることができ;または両方のXは一緒になってアニオンキレート化配位子を形成することもでき、
式(2)の構造が、Csまたは擬似Cs対称性および以下の式(2)を有し、
この式で、
M、L1、GおよびXは式(1)におけるのと同じであり、
Jは第15族からのヘテロ原子であり、
R’はヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビルまたは置換ハロカルビルである基であり、および
L’は中性のルイス塩基であり、wはMに結合されたL’の数を表し、ここでwは0、1または2であり、任意的に、任意のL’および任意のXは互いに結合されてもよく、
式(3)の構造が、Csまたは擬似Cs対称性および以下の式(3)を有し、
この式で、
MおよびXは式(1)におけるのと同じであり、
L3は、シクロペンタジエニル環であり、任意的に前記シクロペンタジエニル環の4の位置に置換基を有し、前記置換基はヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基から選ばれ、
L4は、環の3および5の位置に対称性または擬似対称性の置換基を有する置換シクロペンタジエニル環であり、各前記置換基は独立に、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、および
G’およびG’’は架橋基であり、
式(4)の構造が、C2対称性および以下の式(4)を有し、
この式で、
Xは式(1)におけるのと同じであり、
Mはチタンであり、
Oは酸素であり、
Nは窒素であり、
R1は、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、
R2は、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルまたはゲルミルカルビルである基であり、および
R3、R4およびR5は独立に、水素、またはヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ハロカルビル、置換ハロカルビル、シリルカルビルもしくはゲルミルカルビルである基である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油。 - 前記プレ触媒化合物が、ジ(パラ−トリエチルシリルフェニル)メチレン(2,7−ジ−ターシャリブチルフルオレニル)(シクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジメチルを含む、請求項4に記載の潤滑油。
- 前記活性化剤が、N,N−ジメチルアニリニウムテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート、N,N−ジアルキルフェニルアニリニウムテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートであって前記アルキルがC1〜C18アルキル基であるもの、トリチルテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート、トリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ホウ素、トリアルキルアンモニウムテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートであって前記アルキルがC1〜C18アルキル基であるもの、テトラアルキルアンモニウムテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートであって前記アルキルがC1〜C18アルキル基であるもの、のうちの1種以上を含む、請求項4または5に記載の潤滑油。
- 前記重合が、溶液相またはスラリー相で実施される、請求項4〜6のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油。
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US20170130159A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
CN106661488A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
KR20170021325A (ko) | 2017-02-27 |
US10876063B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
WO2016018523A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
JP2019065290A (ja) | 2019-04-25 |
JP2017527657A (ja) | 2017-09-21 |
JP6910331B2 (ja) | 2021-07-28 |
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