JP6586957B2 - 実装基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
実装基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6586957B2 JP6586957B2 JP2016548845A JP2016548845A JP6586957B2 JP 6586957 B2 JP6586957 B2 JP 6586957B2 JP 2016548845 A JP2016548845 A JP 2016548845A JP 2016548845 A JP2016548845 A JP 2016548845A JP 6586957 B2 JP6586957 B2 JP 6586957B2
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- Prior art keywords
- flux
- solder bump
- solder
- layer
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
(A1)半導体層上に複数の電極を形成した後、各電極と対向する位置に半田バンプを1つずつ形成する第1ステップ
(A2)各半田バンプを被覆層で被覆したのち被覆層をマスクとして、半導体層を選択的にエッチングすることにより複数の素子に分離する第2ステップ
(A3)被覆層を除去した後、複数の素子を、半田バンプを配線基板側に向けて配線基板上に実装することにより実装基板を形成する第3ステップ
(B1)支持基板上に複数の電極を形成した後、各電極を含む表面全体にシード層を形成し、さらに、シード層のうち、電極同士の間の部分と対向する部分に貫通溝を形成する第1ステップ
(B2)シード層と電気的に接続された複数の半田バンプを、各電極と対向する位置に1つずつ形成する第2ステップ
(B3)シード層を、貫通溝を利用して複数のシード部に分離したのち、複数の素子を、1または複数の半田バンプを介して支持基板上に実装することにより実装基板を形成する第3ステップ
1.第1の実施の形態(実装基板)
バンプ形成前に電極間のシード層を除去する例
配線基板にバンプを設けた上で実装を行う例
2.第2の実施の形態(実装基板)
バンプを被覆したフォトレジストをマスクとして素子分離を行う例
素子にバンプを設けた上で実装を行う例
3.各実施の形態に共通の変形例(実装基板)
4.第3の実施の形態(電子機器)
上記各実施の形態の実装基板を電子機器に搭載した例
[構成]
まず、本技術の第1の実施の形態に係る実装基板1について説明する。図1は、実装基板1の上面構成の一例を表したものである。図2は、実装基板1のA−A線における断面構成の一例を表したものである。図3は、実装基板1のB−B線における断面構成の一例を表したものである。実装基板1は、配線基板10と、複数の素子20と、複数の半田バンプ30とを備えている。実装基板1は、配線基板10上に複数の素子20が複数の半田バンプ30を介して実装されたものである。配線基板10と、各素子20とは、複数の半田バンプ30を介して互いに電気的に接続されている。
配線基板10は、支持基板11、複数の電極パッド12、複数の電極パッド13、絶縁層14および複数の配線15を有している。複数の電極パッド12、複数の電極パッド13、および複数の配線15は、例えば、それぞれ、素子20ごとに1つずつ割り当てられている。
複数の素子20は、配線基板10の上面と対向する位置に配置されている。各素子20は、例えば、転写技術を用いて、素子基板から、半田バンプ30を介して配線基板10上に転写されたものである。なお、各素子20が、転写以外の方法(例えば、マウンタ)によって半田バンプ30上に配置されたものであってもよい。各素子20は、面内において互いに離間して配置されている。素子20は、例えば、サブミリサイズのチップである。なお、素子20は、サブミリサイズよりも大きなサイズであってもよい。素子20は、装置や電子回路などの構成要素となる個々の部品で、チップ状の部品である。素子20は、例えば、発光素子(LED(発光ダイオード)、LD(レーザダイオード)、有機ELなど)、受光素子(PD(フォトダイオード)など)、回路素子(コンデンサ、トランジスタ、抵抗、IC(集積回路)、LSI(大規模集積回路)など)である。また、素子20は、例えば、上記発光素子、上記受光素子および上記回路素子のうち少なくとも2つを含むものであってもよい。
複数の半田バンプ30は、配線基板10と各素子20との間に1つずつもしくは複数個ずつ設けられている。具体的には、複数の半田バンプ30は、各電極22と対向する位置に1つずつ設けられている。半田バンプ30は、配線基板10と素子20とを互いに電気的に接続するものである。なお、各素子20において、一部の電極22が上述のダミーである場合には、ダミーの電極22に接する半田バンプ30は、素子20の安定性を確保する金属製の突起として機能する。半田バンプ30の直径は、例えば、いわゆるマイクロバンプのサイズよりも小さくなっており、例えば、15μm程度となっている。半田バンプ30の高さは、電極パッド12と素子20の電極22が直接、接することのない高さとなっていることが好ましく、例えば、5μm程度となっている。互いに隣接する半田バンプ30同士の間隙は、例えば、半田バンプ30のサイズ(例えば直径15μm程度)よりも狭く、例えば、10μm程度となっている。半田バンプ30は、例えば、スズおよび銀を含む合金で構成されており、例えば、電解めっきなどによって形成されている。
次に、実装基板1の製造方法の一例について説明する。
次に、実装基板1の製造方法の効果について説明する。
[構成]
次に、本技術の第2の実施の形態に係る実装基板2について説明する。図19は、実装基板2の上面構成の一例を表したものである。図20は、実装基板2のA−A線における断面構成の一例を表したものである。図21は、実装基板2のB−B線における断面構成の一例を表したものである。実装基板2は、配線基板40と、複数の素子50と、複数の半田バンプ60とを備えている。実装基板2は、素子50および半田バンプ60からなる複数の複合素子が半田バンプ60を配線基板40に向けて配線基板40上に実装されたものである。配線基板40と、各素子50とは、1または複数の半田バンプ60を介して互いに電気的に接続されている。
配線基板40は、支持基板41、複数の電極パッド42、複数の電極パッド43、絶縁層44および複数の配線45を有している。複数の電極パッド42、複数の電極パッド43、および複数の配線45は、例えば、それぞれ、素子50ごとに1つずつ割り当てられている。
複数の素子50は、配線基板40の上面と対向する位置に配置されている。各素子50は、上記実施の形態の素子20において、絶縁層23の代わりに、絶縁層53を有している。絶縁層53は、電極22Aと対向する位置に開口を有している。絶縁層53の開口内には、電極22Aが露出している。絶縁層53は、半導体層21の下面のうち電極22Aに接していない部分全体に接すると共に半導体層21の側面には接せずに設けられている。つまり、半導体層21の側面と、絶縁層53の側面とは、互いに同一の面内に位置している。絶縁層53は、例えば、二酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素などで構成されている。
複数の半田バンプ60は、各電極22と対向する位置に1つずつ設けられている。各素子50に1つの電極22が設けられている場合には、複数の半田バンプ60は、配線基板40と各素子50との間に1つずつ設けられている。各素子50に複数の電極22が設けられている場合には、複数の半田バンプ60は、配線基板40と各素子50との間に、複数個(素子501つあたりに設けられた電極22の数と同じ数)ずつ設けられている。なお、各素子50に複数の電極22が設けられている場合に、各素子50において、一部の電極22が上述のダミーであるときには、ダミーの電極22に接する半田バンプ60は、素子50の安定性を確保する金属製の突起として機能する。半田バンプ60の直径は、例えば、いわゆるマイクロバンプのサイズよりも小さくなっており、例えば、15μm程度となっている。半田バンプ60の高さは、電極パッド42と素子50の電極22が直接、接することのない高さとなっていることが好ましく、例えば、5μm程度となっている。半田バンプ60は、例えば、スズおよび銀を含む合金で構成されており、例えば、電解めっきなどによって形成されている。
次に、実装基板2の製造方法の一例について説明する。
次に、実装基板2の製造方法の効果について説明する。
上記各実施の形態では、フラックス130,210は、ロジンが含まれたものである場合が例示されていたが、それ以外のものであってもよい。
[構成]
次に、本技術の第3の実施の形態に係る電子機器3について説明する。図38は、電子機器3の概略構成の一例を表したものである。電子機器3は、上記各実施の形態またはその変形例に記載の実装基板1または2と、実装基板1または2に電気的に接続された制御部4とを備えている。制御部4は、例えば、実装基板1または2に電圧や電流を印加したり、実装基板1または2からの出力を受け取ったりする回路である。電子機器3では、制御部4による実装基板1または2への電圧や電流の印加によって、実装基板1または2が、例えば、発光パネル、表示パネル、受光パネルとして機能する。
次に、実装基板1または2を備えた電子機器3の製造方法の一例について説明する。まず、上記各実施の形態またはその変形例に記載した方法を用いて、実装基板1または2を形成する。次に、制御部4を用意したのち、実装基板1または2と制御部4とを互いに電気的に接続することにより、電子機器3を形成する。
次に、電子機器3の製造方法の効果について説明する。
(1)
半導体層上に複数の電極を形成した後、各前記電極と対向する位置に半田バンプを1つずつ形成する第1ステップと、
各前記半田バンプを被覆層で被覆したのち前記被覆層をマスクとして、前記半導体層を選択的にエッチングすることにより複数の素子に分離する第2ステップと、
前記被覆層を除去した後、複数の前記素子を、前記半田バンプを配線基板側に向けて前記配線基板上に実装することにより実装基板を形成する第3ステップと
を含む
実装基板の製造方法。
(2)
前記第1ステップにおいて、各前記電極を含む表面全体にシード層を形成した後、前記シード層を介して各前記電極と対向する位置に前記半田バンプを1つずつ形成し、
前記第2ステップにおいて、前記被覆層をマスクとして、前記シード層および前記半導体層を選択的にエッチングすることにより前記シード層を複数のシード部に分離するとともに前記半導体層を複数の前記素子に分離する
(1)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(3)
前記第1ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて各前記半田バンプを形成することにより、各前記半田バンプの上面を平坦面にする
(1)または(2)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(4)
前記第1ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて複数の前記半田バンプを形成するとともに、通電状態で複数の前記半田バンプをめっき浴から引き上げる
(3)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(5)
前記第3ステップにおいて、前記被覆層を除去した後、前記配線基板上にフラックスを塗布した状態で、複数の前記素子を前記支持基板上に実装し、次に、前記フラックスを前記フラックスの軟化点よりも低い温度に加熱することにより乾燥させ、次に、前記フラックスの軟化点よりも高く、前記半田バンプの融点よりも低い温度で、前記フラックスを活性化させ、その後、リフローを行う
(1)ないし(4)のいずれか1つに記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(6)
前記フラックスは、リフロー終了までの間に各前記素子が前記配線基板上の接合領域から逸脱しない粘度を有し、かつ、リフロー時にセルフアライメント効果が得られる範囲内で当該フラックスの液面が下がる揮発性を有する
(5)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(7)
前記第3ステップにおいて、リフロー期間中、前記フラックスの液面は、前記半田バンプと前記素子との接合面よりも高い位置にある
(6)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(8)
支持基板上に複数の電極を形成した後、各前記電極を含む表面全体にシード層を形成し、さらに、前記シード層のうち、前記電極同士の間の部分と対向する部分に貫通溝を形成する第1ステップと、
前記シード層と電気的に接続された複数の半田バンプを、各前記電極と対向する位置に1つずつ形成する第2ステップと、
前記シード層を、前記貫通溝を利用して複数のシード部に分離したのち、複数の素子を、1または複数の前記半田バンプを介して前記支持基板上に実装することにより実装基板を形成する第3ステップと
を含む
実装基板の製造方法。
(9)
前記第1ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて各前記半田バンプを形成することにより、各前記半田バンプの上面を平坦面にする
(8)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(10)
前記第2ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて複数の前記半田バンプを形成するとともに、通電状態で複数の前記半田バンプをめっき浴から引き上げる
(9)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(11)
前記第3ステップにおいて、各前記半田バンプを含む表面全体にフラックスを塗布した状態で、複数の前記素子を、前記半田バンプを介して前記支持基板上に実装し、次に、前記フラックスを前記フラックスの軟化点よりも低い温度に加熱することにより乾燥させ、次に、前記フラックスの軟化点よりも高く、前記半田バンプの融点よりも低い温度で、前記フラックスを活性化させ、その後、リフローを行う
(8)ないし(10)のいずれか1つに記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(12)
前記フラックスは、リフロー終了までの間に各前記素子が前記半田バンプから逸脱しない粘度を有し、かつ、リフロー時にセルフアライメント効果が得られる範囲内で当該フラックスの液面が下がる揮発性を有する
(11)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(13)
前記第3ステップにおいて、リフロー期間中、前記フラックスの液面は、前記半田バンプと前記素子との接合面よりも高い位置にある
(12)に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
(14)
配線基板と、
前記配線基板の上面と対向する位置に配置された複数の素子と、
前記配線基板と各前記素子との間に1つずつもしくは複数個ずつ設けられ、前記配線基板と各前記素子とを互いに電気的に接続する複数の半田バンプと
を備え、
各前記素子は、
半導体層と、
前記半導体層の下面の一部に接して設けられた1または複数の電極と、
前記半導体層の下面のうち1または複数の前記電極に接していない部分全体に接すると共に前記半導体層の側面には接せずに設けられた絶縁層と
を有する
実装基板。
Claims (4)
- 半導体層上に複数の電極を形成した後、各前記電極と対向する位置に半田バンプを1つずつ形成する第1ステップと、
各前記半田バンプを被覆層で被覆したのち前記被覆層をマスクとして、前記半導体層を選択的にエッチングすることにより複数の素子に分離する第2ステップと、
前記被覆層を除去した後、複数の前記素子を、前記半田バンプを配線基板側に向けて前記配線基板上に実装することにより実装基板を形成する第3ステップと
を含み、
前記第3ステップにおいて、前記被覆層を除去した後、前記配線基板上にフラックスを塗布した状態で、複数の前記素子を前記配線基板上に実装し、次に、前記フラックスを前記フラックスの軟化点よりも低い温度に加熱することにより乾燥させ、次に、前記フラックスの軟化点よりも高く、前記半田バンプの融点よりも低い温度で、前記フラックスを活性化させるプリヒートを行い、その後、前記半田バンプの融点よりも高い温度でリフローを行い、
前記フラックスは、リフロー終了までの間に各前記素子が前記配線基板上の接合領域から逸脱しない粘度を有し、かつ、リフロー時にセルフアライメント効果が得られる範囲内で当該フラックスの液面が下がる揮発性を有し、
前記第3ステップにおいて、前記プリヒートにおいて前記半田バンプの融点に到達するまでに、前記半田バンプと前記素子との接合面を僅かに覆う体積にまで前記フラックスを減少させ、さらに、リフロー期間中、前記フラックスの液面が前記接合面よりも高い位置にあるように、プリヒート温度およびプリヒート時間を制御する
実装基板の製造方法。 - 前記第1ステップにおいて、各前記電極を含む表面全体にシード層を形成した後、前記シード層を介して各前記電極と対向する位置に前記半田バンプを1つずつ形成し、
前記第2ステップにおいて、前記被覆層をマスクとして、前記シード層および前記半導体層を選択的にエッチングすることにより前記シード層を複数のシード部に分離するとともに前記半導体層を複数の前記素子に分離する
請求項1に記載の実装基板の製造方法。 - 前記第1ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて各前記半田バンプを形成することにより、各前記半田バンプの上面を平坦面にする
請求項2に記載の実装基板の製造方法。 - 前記第1ステップにおいて、電解めっき法を用いて複数の前記半田バンプを形成するとともに、通電状態で複数の前記半田バンプをめっき浴から引き上げる
請求項3に記載の実装基板の製造方法。
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