JP6354076B1 - 絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板、変圧器の鉄心および変圧器ならびに変圧器の騒音の低減方法 - Google Patents
絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板、変圧器の鉄心および変圧器ならびに変圧器の騒音の低減方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6354076B1 JP6354076B1 JP2018500598A JP2018500598A JP6354076B1 JP 6354076 B1 JP6354076 B1 JP 6354076B1 JP 2018500598 A JP2018500598 A JP 2018500598A JP 2018500598 A JP2018500598 A JP 2018500598A JP 6354076 B1 JP6354076 B1 JP 6354076B1
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- steel sheet
- insulating coating
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- electrical steel
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 71
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 71
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 20
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 and Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABKDZANKXKCXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-B P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[W+4].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[W+4].[W+4] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[W+4].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[W+4].[W+4] ABKDZANKXKCXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
- C23C22/188—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also magnesium cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/20—Orthophosphates containing aluminium cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/22—Orthophosphates containing alkaline earth metal cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/74—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process for obtaining burned-in conversion coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
なお、以下、本発明の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を、単に「方向性電磁鋼板」ともいう。また、本発明の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板において、100℃から200℃の温度範囲における絶縁被膜の方向性電磁鋼板への付与張力が10MPa以上であることを、「100℃から200℃における絶縁被膜の鋼板への最低付与張力が10MPa以上である」ともいう。
同じ方向性電磁鋼板にそれぞれ異なるコーティングを施し、変圧器騒音が低かった(すなわち低騒音)鋼板と変圧器騒音が高かった鋼板の違いについて鋭意調査研究を行ったところ、変圧器騒音が高かった鋼板では、実際の変圧器の運転中の条件下である100℃から200℃程度の温度において被膜の鋼板への付与張力が大きく低下してしまうことがわかった。
[2]前記絶縁被膜の静摩擦係数が0.21以上0.50以下である上記[1]に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
[3]前記絶縁被膜がCrを含まない上記[1]または[2]に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
[4]前記絶縁被膜の平均膜厚が4.5μm以下である上記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
[5]上記[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の方向性電磁鋼板を用いてなる変圧器の鉄心。
[6]上記[5]に記載の変圧器の鉄心を備える変圧器。
[7]変圧器の騒音を低減する方法であって、
該変圧器の鉄心を構成する方向性電磁鋼板として、上記[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の方向性電磁鋼板を用いる、変圧器の騒音の低減方法。
鋼板への付与張力[MPa]=鋼板ヤング率[GPa]×板厚[mm]×そり量[mm]÷(そり測定長さ[mm])2×103・・・式(1)
ただし、鋼板ヤング率は、132GPaとする。
Pはリン酸塩としてP-O-Pのネットワーク構造を形成し、絶縁被膜素地(金属素地や、フォルステライト被膜、その他セラミックス被膜などの下地被膜)と絶縁被膜との密着性を確保するのに必須である。
Siはケイ酸塩としてSi-O-Siのネットワーク構造を形成し、絶縁被膜の耐吸湿性、耐熱性およびその熱膨張係数の小ささから張力付与性の向上に寄与する。
P-O-PやSi-O-Siのネットワーク構造同士を安定的に保つためには、Mg、Ca、Ba、Sr、Zn、Al、Mn、Coのうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属元素を含有させる必要がある。
また、本発明の絶縁被膜は、上記以外の金属元素を有していてもよい。前記金属元素としては、Li、Zr、Na、K、Hf、Ti、Wが挙げられる。
また、処理液中のリン酸塩とコロイド状シリカとの含有割合は、固形物換算において、リン酸塩100質量部に対して、コロイド状シリカ50〜150質量部が好ましく、50〜120質量部がより好ましい。また、任意の添加物を用いる場合は、前記添加物の含有量は、固形物換算で、リン酸塩100質量部に対して、前記添加物1.0〜15質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは2.0〜10質量部である。
一般的に、方向性電磁鋼板にはリン酸塩を主体とするガラス質の絶縁被膜が施されている。この絶縁被膜は800℃から1000℃といった高温で形成される。絶縁被膜の熱膨張係数を鋼板よりも小さくすることで絶縁被膜焼付け後において鋼板に引張応力を与えることができる。絶縁被膜はガラス質であることが通常であるが、低熱膨張係数の結晶相をガラス中に分散させることで、より低熱膨張にすることができる。
なお、結晶化度とは絶縁被膜中の結晶相の割合のことで、結晶化度はX線回折による方法、あるいは絶縁被膜を軽く酸やアルカリまたは温水等でエッチングし、ガラス相と結晶相のエッチングレートの違いを利用して表面の凹凸を観察しその面積率を求める方法等により求めることができる。簡便に測定できる点から、後者の方法が好ましい。
焼付け処理を行う際の焼付け温度までの昇温速度、焼付け温度、焼付け時間等を制御することにより所望の結晶化度を得ることができる。
この現象はピロリン酸塩では一般的な現象である。ただし、ピロリン酸塩の種類によって構造相転位を起こす温度は異なるため、構造相転位温度が200℃以上であるピロリン酸塩(例えば、Zr2P2O7、(MgCo)2P2O7、Co2P2O7)を析出させることが好ましい。
また、構造相転位自体を避ける目的で、生成する結晶相としてピロリン酸塩ではない別の低熱膨張結晶相を析出させることがさらに好ましく、たとえば、コーディエライト、β-スポンジュメン、石英、ジルコン、リン酸ジルコニウム系、リン酸タングステン系の結晶相があげられる。
静摩擦係数の調整方法としては、例えば、焼付温度を上げたり、時間を延長することで、ガラス質の被膜の表面平滑化を促進し、粗度を低下させ、鋼板同士の接触面積を増やして静摩擦係数を上げる方法があげられる。
静摩擦係数は、後述する実施例の方法にて測定することができる。
絶縁被膜の平均膜厚はSEMによる割断面観察から片面での平均の膜厚を算出した。
結晶相の同定にはX線回折法を用いた。
結晶化度の測定は、試料の絶縁被膜表面をダイヤモンドスラリー研磨にて鏡面に仕上げ、100℃のイオン交換水に30分浸漬したのち、表面をSEM観察して、溶出した部分をガラス相(AG)、溶出しなかった部分を結晶相(AC)としてその面積を測定して結晶化度R=AC/(AC+AG)×100にて算出した。
鋼板への付与張力は圧延方向の張力とし、片面の絶縁被膜をアルカリ、酸などを用いて剥離した後の鋼板のそり量から、下記式(1)を用いて算出した。
鋼板への付与張力[MPa]=鋼板ヤング率[GPa]×板厚[mm]×そり量[mm]÷(そり測定長さ[mm])2×103・・・式(1)
ただし、鋼板ヤング率は、132GPaとした。
静摩擦係数は新東科学株式会社製静摩擦測定機TYPE10を使用し、測定した。
変圧器の騒音は100kVAの容量を持つ変圧器を作製し、変圧器本体から1m離れた場所で騒音を測定して評価した。
絶縁被膜の平均膜厚はSEMによる割断面観察から片面での平均の膜厚を算出した。
結晶相の同定にはX線回折法を用いた。
結晶化度の測定は、試料の絶縁被膜表面をダイヤモンドスラリー研磨にて鏡面に仕上げ、100℃のイオン交換水に30分浸漬したのち、表面をSEM観察して溶出した部分をガラス相(AG)、溶出しなかった部分を結晶相(AC)としてその面積を測定して結晶化度R=AC/(AC+AG)×100にて算出した。
鋼板への付与張力は圧延方向の張力とし、片面の絶縁被膜をアルカリ、酸などを用いて剥離した後の鋼板のそり量から、下記式(1)を用いて算出した。
ただし、鋼板ヤング率は、132GPaとした。
100℃から200℃間のそり量の測定はサンプルを100℃から200℃にかけて20℃/hrの速度で昇温し、もっともそり量が小さくなった時の値を用いた(つまり100℃から200℃間の最低付与張力)。
静摩擦係数は新東科学株式会社製静摩擦測定機TYPE10を使用し、測定した。
変圧器の騒音は100kVAの容量を持つ変圧器を作製し、変圧器本体から1m離れた場所で騒音を測定して評価した。
Claims (7)
- 方向性電磁鋼板と、当該方向性電磁鋼板の表面に形成された絶縁被膜とを有し、
前記絶縁被膜は、Mg、Ca、Ba、Sr、Zn、Al、Mn、Coのうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種と、Si、P、Oを含有し、結晶化度が20%以上であり、
かつ、100℃から200℃の温度範囲における前記絶縁被膜の前記方向性電磁鋼板への付与張力が10MPa以上である、絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記絶縁被膜の静摩擦係数が0.21以上0.50以下である請求項1に記載の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記絶縁被膜がCrを含まない請求項1または2に記載の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記絶縁被膜の平均膜厚が4.5μm以下である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を用いてなる変圧器の鉄心。
- 請求項5に記載の変圧器の鉄心を備える変圧器。
- 変圧器の騒音を低減する方法であって、
該変圧器の鉄心を構成する方向性電磁鋼板として、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の絶縁被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を用いる、変圧器の騒音の低減方法。
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KR101967877B1 (ko) | 2018-11-01 | 2019-07-15 | 주식회사 에스디케이 | 변압기 철심과 권선 조립방법 및 그를 이용한 변압기 제조방법 |
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